Cobalt Digital Inc 5821-D User manual

Model 5821-D
Down Converter
Aspect Ratio Converter
Configured for Single Slot 5-BNC
(10-BNC compatible)
Owner’s Manual

V0.8 Page 2 of 13 Cobalt Digital 2005
Table of Contents:
Overview.............................................................................................................................3
I/O Connections...................................................................................................................4
Block Diagram ....................................................................................................................4
Signal Flow .........................................................................................................................4
Conversion Capabilities ......................................................................................................5
Configuring a 5821-D .........................................................................................................6
Switch 9 – Aspect and Overlay Configuration................................................................7
Switch 3 – Overlay and Analog Configuration................................................................7
Switch 5 and 6 – Rotary Switch Settings (Internal Settings)...........................................8
Switch 10, 11 and 12 – Reference Configuration............................................................9
5821-D Delay Characteristics ...........................................................................................10
Glossary.............................................................................................................................11
Specifications....................................................................................................................13

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Overview
The 5821-D is a high quality 10-bit, HD down-converter with SD pass-through and individual
ARC controls for HD and SD inputs. The 5821-D bridges SMPTE 292 high definition (HD) and
259M-C standard definition (SD) signal formats; allowing high density and low power
conversion of HD signals. Conversion densities can be as high as 12 cards (conversions) per 2U
frame.
The 5821-D will down-convert HD to SD serial component digital and analog composite video.
This unit can re-aspect the image with separate rules for HD vs. SD inputs and adds 3:2 pull-
down to 23.98 p/sF or i inputs. In addition, safe area reticule overlays, 4x3 and 16x9, full
aperture for 4x3 and center cross can be selected on the SD-SDI and/or composite outputs.
The image processing is full 10-bit using a 24-tap spatial filter. Down-conversions of HD to SD
signals are de-jittered to reduce chroma phase jitter of SD analog signals. The analog output is
encoded at 12-bits to preserve the 10-bit video signal.
The input and outputs of the 5821-D are the following. One dual-rate HD/SD serial digital input,
two reclocked copies of the input, two SDI of down-converted HD or SD pass through or ARC’d
digital outputs and one SD Analog composite output.

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I/O Connections
5-BNC Slot 10-BNC Slot
Block Diagram
The 5821-D has a very flexible signal flow path and feature set that combines several products
into one compact package. To understand the capabilities of the 5821-D, this section reviews the
basic structure of the 5821-D.
Signal Flow
Starting in the upper left of the block diagram, the dual-rate (HD/SD) serial digital signal is equalized,
reclocked and then deserialized. Once deserialized, the video standard and frame rate is determined.
Coming out of the deserializer, the parallel video data path goes in two directions. The first is to the
conversion engine where it is down, aspect and/or frame rate converted depending on the signal input and
HD/SD
Input
Dual
Rate
Input Eq. Dual Rate
Reclock,
Decode and
De-serialize
SD
Serializer
SD
Encoder
SD Analog
Output
SD-SDI
Output
Path
Routing
Reticule
Overlay
Analog
Composite
Output
SD
Driver
Micro-
processor
Serial
I/O
RS-485
RS-232
5821-D Block Diagram
and
Down
Conversion
and ARC
Sync
Detect
Reference
Input
In
1
3
5
2
4
6
7
8
HD/SD-SDI Input
Out SDI-1Reserved
Out SDI 2
Reserved
Reference In
Composite
Out
Reserved
Reserved
In
1
3
5
7
HD/SD-SDI Input
Out SDI-1
Out SDI 2
Reference In
Composite
Out

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User settings. The second copy of the deserializer goes is to an FPGA who’s function is to select which
input goes to which output (SD digital and/or analog) and what overlays are to be applied to individual
outputs
Conversion Capabilities
The 5821-D has extensive re-format and down conversion capabilities. It can act as a downconverter,
aspect ratio converter (ARC) and frame rate converter.
The Format conversions are listed in the chart below.
From To SD
1080 sF 23.98 486 i 29.97
1080 p 23.98 486 i 29.97
1080 sF 24 ---- none
1080 p 24 ---- none
1080 i 25 575 i 25
1080 p 25 575 i 25
1080 i 29.97 486 i 29.97
1080 p 29.97 486 i 29.97
1080 i 30 ---- none
1080 p 30 ---- none
720 p 25 575 i 25
720 p 29.97 486 i 29.97
720 p 30 ---- none
720 p 50 575 i 25
720 p 59.94 486 i 29.97
720 p 60 ---- none
486 i 29.97 486 i 29.97
575 i 25 575 i 25
Notes:
1. All rates translated to effective frame rates, interlaced rates “ i ” are two times the number shown.
For example, i 29.97 is 59.94 fields per second (two fields per frame thus the interlaced frame rate
is 29.97); but progressive “ p ” 29.97 is 29.97 frames per second.
2. SD active line rates are PAL (575) and NTSC (486).
3. The 5821-D cannot accept native 720 p23.98 or sF23.98, however it can convert those signals if
they are delivered inside a p59.94 transportation wrapper (as typically done with this format) and
processed as p59.94.

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Configuring a 5821-D
The 5821-D is configured via an eight position card edge switch for main functions, a ten position surface
mount board switch for extended functions and two card edge rotary switches with an up down switch to
access advanced controls. The configuration is broken down into four areas: HD/SD conversion mode,
Aspect ratio rules (ARC), output configuration and overlay reticules.
Switch 9 on Card Edge
12345678SETTINGS
ON ON SD to SD User Settings (default: 0.75H pillar box*)
ON OFF SD to SD 0.75 Vert Reduction (letter box)
OFF ON SD to SD 1.33 Horz Expansion (center cut)
OFF OFF SD to SD No Aspect Change.
ON ON HD to SD User settings (default: 0.75H pillar box*)
ON OFF HD to SD 0.75 Vert Reduction (letter box)
OFF ON HD to SD 1.33 Horz Expansion (center cut)
OFF OFF HD to SD No Aspect Change
ON Underscan ON (10% overall)
OFF Underscan OFF (10% overall)
ON Reticules 4x3 Safe Area ON
OFF Reticules 4x3 Safe Area OFF
ON Reticules 4x3 Full Aperture ON
OFF Reticules 4x3 Full Aperture OFF
ON Reticules 16x9 Safe Area ON
OFF Reticules 16x9 Safe Area OFF
v
•
••
•If user mode has been adjusted off of the default of 0.75H, then do a factory restore to return to 0.75H.
Switch 3 on PCB
12345678910SETTINGS
ON Reticules User Settings
OFF Reticules Factory Settings
ON Reticules Shadow Enabled
OFF Reticules Shadow Disabled
ON Reticules Center Cross ( + ) ON
OFF Reticules Center Cross ( + ) OFF
ON Reticules Tracking ON (follows ARC)
OFF Reticules Tracking OFF (follows ARC)
ON ON Reticule Color – WHITE
ON OFF Reticule Color – BLACK
OFF ON Reticule Color – BLUE
OFF OFF Reticule Color – RED
ON Enable Reticule on SDI output
OFF Disable Reticule on SDI output
ON Enable Reticule on Analog output
OFF Disable Reticule on Analog output
ON SD Analog Color ON
OFF SD Analog Color OFF (B&W)
ON Enable External Ref
OFF Disable External Ref

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Switch 9 – Aspect and Overlay Configuration
Switch S9, located on the card edge, controls the separate aspect ratio rules for HD and SD inputs as well
as selecting the reticule overlays. See chart on previous page.
The first two positions S9-1&2 set the ARC for SD inputs and the next two switches S9-3&4 select the
ARC setting for HD inputs. S9-5, when enable adds an additional 10% image reduction, simulating
underscan on a monitor.
S9-6,7&8 selects which overlay patterns to apply. This switch in combination with S3 configures the
reticule overlay settings. There are four overlays, three selected on this switch and the fourth via. switch 3.
Factory default overlays or user set overlays can be configured by S9, S3 and the two rotary switches S5
and S6.
Switch 3 – Overlay and Analog Configuration
S3, is a surface mount dip switch located near the card bottom edge and adds the following controls. See
chart on previous page.
S3-1 selects factory overlay patters or user configured patterns. The default user pattern is the same as the
factory pattern until the user configures the overlays to their needs under the user settings (see rotary switch
chart) and saves those settings to non-volatile memory. When S3-1 is on, the user settings are enabled,
when S3-1 is off the factory defaults are enabled. In user mode, the overlay dimensions, overlay width and
overlay color can be user controlled.
S3-2 enables shadow overlay mode allowing the user to dim video and color outside of the box. Both the
size of the box and amount of B&W and color dimming is programmable.
S3-4 enables reticule size tracking with ARC function or static, overlays that don’t move as the image is
ARC adjusted.
S3-5 and 6 select reticule color.
S3-7 enables overlays on SDI output.
S3-8 enables overlays on composite analog output.
S3-9 sets the analog output to B&W when enabled. This is useful when driving a monochrome monitor.
S3-10 enables p to i field order tracking to input reference. When enabled the odd/even output of the p to i
conversion tracks the reference input. When not enabled the start of the P to I conversion is random and
can vary from down-converter to down converter.

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Switch 5 and 6 – Rotary Switch Settings (Internal Settings)
The 5821-D has additional configuration controls via internal register rotary selection and input (up/down)
switch. To access these controls, use rotary switches S5&6 and S7, the up/down input switch located on
the card edge.
Default convention: Use S7 (Up or Left) to increment or turn function on and (Down or Right) to
decrement or turn function off.
To save user settings, select 99 and press either the Up or Down switch.
S6S5
00: Normal User Mode
Restore to 00 prior to device use
10-19: Reserved
20-29: Reserved
30-39: Reserved
40: User H & V aspect zoom
41: User H aspect zoom
42: User V aspect zoom
43: User H aspect pan
44: User V aspect pan
50-53: Reserved
54: Background color Y
Push both buttons default to black
55: Background Cb color
Push both buttons default to black
56: Background Cr color
Push both buttons default to black
57: Enable over sampling on Analog Encoder
Default is on
58: Reserved
59: Enable SD VB
Default is on
60: User Reticule Mode Vert bars size H
61: User Reticule Mode Vert bars thickness
62: User Reticule Mode 4x3 box Horz size
63: User Reticule Mode 4x3 box Vert size
64: User Reticule Mode 4x3 box Horz Thickness
65: User Reticule Mode 4x3 box Vert Thickness
66: User Reticule Mode 16x9 box Horz size
67: User Reticule Mode 16x9 box Vert size
68: User Reticule Mode 16x9 box Horz Thickness
69: User Reticule Mode 16x9 box Vert Thickness
70: User Reticule Mode Cross Horz size
71: User Reticule Mode Cross Vert size
72: User Reticule Mode Cross Horz Thickness
73: User Reticule Mode Cross Vert Thickness
74: User Reticule Mode Y Level
75: User Reticule Mode Cb Level
76: User Reticule Mode Cr Level
74-79: Reserved
80: Horizontal offset
81: Vertical offset
82: Deserializer - reclocked output enable
83, 86: Reserved
84: SD composite soft pixel ramp at the end and
beginning of a line
85: SD-SDI/Analog Dejitter
UP = Filter ON
Down = Filter OFF
87: HD < > SD Color Matrix Bypass
UP = Bypass color matrix
Down = enable color matrix
88: Restore factory defaults
89-97: Reserved
98: NTSC Analog setup ON/OFF (default is ON)
99: Save current values
Make certain that the rotary switches are restored to 0, 0 before putting the 5821-D back into service.

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Switch 10, 11 and 12 – Reference Configuration
The 5821 has a very flexible reference input selection. Three switches, S10, S11, and S12 are used to
select either Frame reference (shared by all cards) or eternal reference (dedicated card BNC) and 75 ohm
termination.
Switch Functions:
S10 Configures BNC #5 to be either input for external ref. or a reserved output (future feature).
S11 Selects 5821 ref. From either BNC #5 or the frame’s internal ref. Bus (ref. Connected to
frame ref input.
S12 Enables a 75 ohm termination resistor on the external ref.
Switch Configuration:
S10 BNC 5 function - select reserved I/O move S10 down
S10 BNC #5 function – select External Ref. move S10 up (see S11 setting)
S11 Reference selection - External Ref. (BNC-5) move S11 down
S11 Reference selection - Frame Ref. Move S11 up
S12 Reference Termination - 75 ohm - move S12 down
S12 Reference Termination – none – move S12 up
Ref. Input to
sync detect
circuit
Frame Ref.
N
ote: Ref. Mus
t
be connected to
Frame
Reserved I/O
BNC #5
External Ref.
Input
GND
S11
S10
S12 75 Ohms
5821-D Switch and Potentiometer Locations
S9
S6
S10 S12 S11
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
OFF ON
S3
S5
S7
UP
Ref.
Confg.
10's
1's
Composite
Gain
R441

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5821-D Delay Characteristics
The processing delay varies with the type of conversion being performed. The charts below list the
electrical length or processing time for the HD/SD-SDI and Analog HD/SD outputs. Select the input rate
on the left and the output rate and type on the top. The intersecting box contains the conversion time
information.
f = field; F = Frame – Delay rates (in f or F) are shown with respect to the input signal.
From To SD-SDI or SD-Analog Output
486 = NTSC & 575 = PAL
1080 sF 23.98 486 i 29.97 1/13.32-1/11.99 sec – 3.6-4f
1080 p 23.98 486 i 29.97 1/13.32-1/11.99 sec – 1.8-2F
1080 sF 24 ---- no output
1080 p 24 ---- no output
1080 i 25 575 i 25 1/25 sec – 2f
1080 p 25 575 i 25 1/12.5 sec – 2F
1080 i 29.97 486 i 29.97 1/29.97 sec – 2f
1080 p 29.97 486 i 29.97 1/14.98 sec – 2F
1080 i 30 ---- no output
1080 p 30 ---- no output
720 p 25 575 i 25 1/12.5 sec – 2F
720 p 29.97 486 i 29.97 1/14.98 sec – 2F
720 p 30 ---- no output
720 p 50 575 i 25 1/25 sec – 2F
720 p 59.94 486 i 29.97 1/29.97 sec – 2F
720 p 60 ---- no output
486 i 29.97 486 i 29.97 1/29.97 sec – 2f
575 i 25 575 i 25 1/25 sec – 2f

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Glossary
Aspect ratio: Performing an aspect change on HD or SD raster, for example converting the
image from 16x9 to 4x3 with letter box (0.75V) or non-letter box by
expanding H by 1.333.
Downconvert: Taking HD and downconverting it to SD or XGA.
Format convert: Taking HD from one resolution and crossing converting it over to another HD
standard, for example (1080 to 720) or (720 to 1080). Sometimes this is referred to as
crossconvert.
HD SDI: High Definition – SMPTE 274M (1080) and 296M (720) 1.485-Gbit or 1.485/1.001-
Gbit
i > p Output: Used to convert interlaced images to progressive.
Safe area: Adding an additional 10% aspect ratio reduction to the H and V axis to allow
the image to be seen on a monitor that does not support safe area raster
reduction. This applies mainly to CRT based devices as they are
manufactured with intentional over scan.
SD SDI: Standard Definition – SMPTE 259M-C 4:2:2 SDI 270-Mbit video in either
NTSC (720x486 i30) or PAL (720x575 i25).
3:2: Three-two pull down. A process of adding frames to a four frame sequence such that
five frames are created by duplicating a field in the first and second frames of the four
frame sequence. Normally used to take 23.98 film rate to 59.94 video rate.

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Specifications
DIGITAL INPUTS
Input – Dual-Rate SMPTE-292 HDSDI (10/8-bit) and SMPTE259M-C (10/8-bit)
♦HD: 720 p25/29.97/50/59.94 and p/23.98 in p59.94 wrapper
♦HD: 1080 i23.98/25/29.97 - p23.98/25/29.97 - sF 23.98
♦SD: 486 i29.97 NTSC - 575 i25 PAL
Input Equalization: HD: 250ft (76 meters) Belden 1505A
SD: 1000ft (300 meters) Belden 1505A
DIGITAL OUTPUTS
Processed SMPTE259M-C (10-bit)
♦486 i29.94 NTSC
♦576 i25 PAL
Return Loss: SD > 17 dB
IMAGE PROCESSING
Scaling: 24-tap poly-phase with 10-bit processing
Resizing: Full zoom and pan functions (2-axis DVE)
Presets for Letterbox, Pillar Box and Center Cut
Film Modes: Automatic 3:2 pull down, and p > i modes
ANALOG OUTPUT
Output Signal: SD Analog Composite
Frequency Response: SD: 0-5.2 MHz +/- 0.25 dB
Encoding Path: 12-bit encoding and DAC – 10-bit input
Return Loss: >36dB
RETICULE OVERLAY
Types: 4x3, 16x9 Safe Area, 4x3 full aperture, and center cross - each type can be
individually enabled and User size adjusted
Reticule Color: Black, White, Blue, Red or User adjustable
Reticule Outputs: Individually enabled on SD-SDI and Composite Analog
Operating Range: 40-100 degrees F. (non-condensing)
Input Power: + 6.5 VDC +/- 2V (6.25 watts)
- 6.5 VDC +/- 2V (0.25 watts)
Size: 10 x 3” (260 x 150 x 25mm)
Compatible with industry standard digital frames
This product is not authorized for use in life support systems. Product liability is limited only to the replacement of this unit.
Cobalt Digital Inc. does not assume any liability for loss of use due to failure of this component.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
Cobalt Digital Inc. 2406 E. University Avenue, Urbana, IL 61802 Office: 217-344-1243 Fax:[phone]
www.cobaltdigital.com For 5821 code V6 and above gjz Copyright 2005 Cobalt Digital Inc.