FriendlyARM NanoPi Duo User manual

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NanoPi Duo
From FriendlyARM WiKi
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Contents
1 Introduction
2 Hardware Spec
3 Software Features
3.1 uboot
3.2 Ubuntu 16.04
4 Diagram, Layout and Dimension
4.1 Layout
4.2 Dimensional Diagram
5 Get Started
5.1 Essentials You Need
5.2 TF Cards We Tested
5.3 Make an Installation TF Card
5.3.1 Download Image Files
5.3.2 Make Installation MicroSD Card with Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded Image
6 Work with Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded
6.1 Run Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded
6.2 Extend TF Card's rootfs Section
6.3 Work with npi-config Utility
6.4 Ethernet Connection
6.5 Wireless Connection
6.6 Login via SSH
6.7 Connect NanoPi Duo to USB Camera(FA-CAM202)
6.8 Check CPU's Working Temperature
6.9 Check System Information with Rpi-Monitor
6.10 Access GPIO Pins/Wirings with WiringNP
7 Make Your Own Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded
7.1 Use Mainline BSP
8 Connect External Modules to Duo
8.1 Connect Mini Shield for NanoPi NEO Duo to Duo
9 3D Printing Files
10 Resources
10.1 Schematics & Datasheets
11 Update Log
11.1 July-17-2017
11.2 August-12-2017
11.3 August-29-2017
11.4 Sep-3-2017
Introduction

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概览
正面
背面
The NanoPi Duo is designed and developed by
FriendlyElec for makers, hobbyists and professionals. It
is small, just 52 x 27 mm. It uses Allwinner’s Cortex-A7
H2+ SoC. It has 256M/512M DDR3 RAM and an
onboard WiFi module. A UbuntuCore image is ready for
it.
On such a small board rich interfaces such as Ethernet,
USB, SPI, UART, I2C, PWM, IR and audio are exposed.
It is powered from a MicroUSB port and boots OS from
a MicroSD card.
Popular libraries and utilities: WiringPi, RPi.GPIO and
Python are ported to the NanoPi Duo’s system and they
all are open source. The NanoPi Duo perfectly suits
various light-weight IoT applications.
Hardware Spec
CPU: Allwinner H2+, Quad-core Cortex-A7
DDR3 RAM: 256MB/512MB
Connectivity: 10/100M Ethernet
Wifi：XR819
USB Host: 2.54mm pin x2, exposed in 2.54mm pitch pin
header
MicroSD Slot x 1
MicroUSB: OTG and power input
Debug Serial Interface: exposed in 2.54mm pitch pin
header
Audio input/output Interface: exposed in 2.54mm pitch
pin header
GPIO: 2.54mm spacing 12pin x2. It includes UART, SPI,
I2C, IO etc
PCB Dimension: 25.4 x 50mm
Power Supply: DC 5V/2A
Temperature measuring range: -40℃ to 80℃
OS/Software: U-boot，Linux Kernel 4.11.2 (mainline) ,
Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS (Xenial)
Weight: xxg(With Pin-headers)
Software Features
uboot
uboot
Ubuntu 16.04
mainline kernel: Linux-4.11.2
Ubuntu 16.04.2
rpi-monitor: check system status and information
npi-config: system configuration utility for setting passwords, language, timezone, hostname, SSH and auto-
login, and enabling/disabling i2c, spi, serial and PWM

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NanoPi Duo Layout
software utility: wiringNP to access GPIO pins
software utility: RPi.GPIO_NP to access GPIO pins
networkmanager: manage networks
system log output from serial port
nano editor
welcome window with basic system information and status
auto-login with user account "pi" with access to npi-config
sudoers include "fa"
on first system boot file system will be automatically extended.
supports file system auto check and repair on system boot.
supports audio recording and playing with 3.5mm audio jack
supports USB Host and 100M Ethernet
fixed MAC address
Diagram, Layout and Dimension
Layout
GPIO Pin Description

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pinout
Pin silk
screen Name Linux gpio
Pin silk
screen Name Linux gpio
MICN MIC_N SPD EPHY-LED-
SPD
MICP MIC_P LNK EPHY-LED-
LINK
LOR LINEOUT_R TD+ EPHY-TXP
LOL LINEOUT_L TD- EPHY-TXN
CVB CVBS RD+ EPHY-RXP
TX1 UART1_TX/GPIOG6 198 RD- EPHY-RXN
RX1 UART1_RX/GPIOG7 199 DP2 USB-DP2
MO UART3_RTS/SPI1_MOSI/GPIOA15 15 DM2 USB-DM2
MI UART3_CTS/SPI1_MISO/GPIOA16 16 DP3 USB-DP3
CLK UART3_RX/SPI1_CLK/GPIOA14 14 DM3 USB-DM3
CS UART3_TX/SPI1_CS/GPIOA13 13 IOG11 GPIOG11 203
SDA I2C0_SDA/GPIOA12 12 IRRX GPIOL11/IR-
RX 363
SCL I2C0_SCL/GPIOA11 11 GND GND
GND GND 3V3 SYS_3.3V
DTX DEBUG_TX(UART_TXD0)/GPIOA4 4 5Vin VDD_5V
DRX DEBUG_RX(UART_RXD0)/GPIOA5/PWM0 5 5Vin VDD_5V
Note:
1. SYS_3.3V: 3.3V power output
2. VDD_5V: 5V power input/output. When the external device’s voltage is greater than the
MicroUSB's voltage the external device is powering the board,
otherwise the board powers the external device. The input range is 4.7V ~ 5.6V

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1. All pins are 3.3V, output current is 5mA
2. For more details refer to the document NanoPi Duo Schematic
(http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/images/b/b0/Schematic_NanoPi_Duo-v1.0-1706.pdf)
Dimensional Diagram
For more details refer to the document NanoPi_Duo_v1.0_1706 pcb file in dxf format
(http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/index.php/File:Dimension_NanoPi_Duo_v1.0_1706-PCB.rar)
Get Started
Essentials You Need
Before starting to use your NanoPi Duo get the following items ready
NanoPi Duo
microSD Card/TFCard: Class 10 or Above, minimum 8GB SDHC
microUSB power. A 5V/2A power is a must
A Host computer running Ubuntu 14.04 64 bit system
a serial communication board
TF Cards We Tested
To make your NanoPi Duo boot and run fast we highly recommend you use a Class10 8GB SDHC TF card or
better. The following cards are what we used in all our test cases presented here:
SanDisk TF 8G Class10 Micro/SD TF card:
SanDisk TF128G MicroSDXC TF 128G Class10 48MB/S:

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川宇 8G C10 High Speed class10 micro SD card:
Make an Installation TF Card
Download Image Files
Get the following files from here download link (https://www.mediafire.com/folder/2nswfc4j82d9r/NanoPi-Duo)
to download image files (under the official-ROMs directory) and the flashing utility (under the tools directory):
Image Files:
nanopi-duo_ubuntu-core-
xenial_4.x.y_YYYYMMDD.img.zip
Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded Image File,
kernel:Linux-4.x.y
Flash Utility:
win32diskimager.rar Windows utility. Under Linux users can use "dd"
Make Installation MicroSD Card with Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded Image
Extract an OS image and win32diskimager.rar. Insert a MicroSD card(at least 8G) into a Windows PC and run the
win32diskimager utility as administrator. On the utility's main window select your TF card's drive, the wanted
image file and click on "write" to start flashing the SD card till it is done. Insert this card into your Duo's MicroSD
card slot and power on (with a 5V/2A power source). If the blue LED is blinking this indicates your Duo has
successfully booted.
Work with Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded
Run Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded
If you want to do kernel development you need to use a serial communication board, ie a PSU-ONECOM
board, which will allow you to operate the board via a serial terminal

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The NanoPi Duo can work with FriendlyElec's Mini Shield for NanoPi Duo. Here is link to the wiki site of
Mini Shield for NanoPi Duo Mini Shield for NanoPi Duo
(http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/index.php/Mini_Shield_for_NanoPi_Duo). Here is a hardware setup.
Mini Shield for NanoPi Duo-Duo
Ubuntu-Core User Accounts:
Non-root User:
User Name: pi
Password: pi
Root:
User Name: root
Password: fa
The system is automatically logged in as "pi". You can do "sudo npi-config" to disable auto login.

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Update packages:
$ sudo apt-get update
Extend TF Card's rootfs Section
When you boot OS for the first time with your image card your OS will automatically resize the file system and
this process takes a relatively long time. After your OS is fully loaded you can check the file system's size by using
the following command:
$ df -h
Work with npi-config Utility
The npi-config is a system configuration utility for setting passwords, language, timezone, hostname, SSH and
auto-login, and enabling/disabling i2c, spi, serial and PWM and I2S. You can start this utility by running the
following command:
$ sudo npi-config
Here is the npi-config's main window:
Ethernet Connection
The Mini Shield for NanoPi Duo has an Ethernet port. If a NanoPi Duo is assembled with a Mini Shield and is
connected to a network via Ethernet before it is powered on it will automatically obtain an IP after it is powered
up. If it is not connected via Ethernet or its DHCP is not activated obtaining an IP will fail and system will hang on
for about 15 to 60 seconds. In this case you can try obtaining an IP by using the following command:
$ dhclient eth0
Wireless Connection
Enable the WiFi function on Duo by running the following commands. The NanoPi Duo has an onboard Wifi
antenna. It will be better to connect an external antenna to Duo.
List network devices

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$ sudo nmcli dev
Note: if a network device's status is "unmanaged" it means that device is not accessed by the NetworkManager and
you need to clear the settings in " /etc/network/interfaces" and reboot your board.
Start WiFi
$ sudo nmcli r wifi on
Scan Nearby WiFi Hotspots
$ sudo nmcli dev wifi
Connect to a WiFi Hotspot
$ sudo nmcli dev wifi connect "SSID" password "PASSWORD"
The "SSID" and "Password" need to be replaced with your actual SSID and password.
If a connection is successfully established your board will be automatically connected to your specified WiFi on
system reboot.
For more details about the NetworkManager refer to this wiki link:Use NetworkManager to configure network
settings
The NanoPi Duo supports external USB WiFi modules. Here is a list of models we tested:
Index Model
1 RTL8188CUS/8188EU 802.11n WLAN Adapter
2 RT2070 Wireless Adapter
3 RT2870/RT3070 Wireless Adapter
4 RTL8192CU Wireless Adapter
5 MI WiFi mt7601
Login via SSH
You can log into the board via SSH. In our test the IP address detected by our router was 192.168.1.230 and we ran
the following command to log into the NanoPi Duo:
$ ssh root@192.168.1.230
The password is fa
Connect NanoPi Duo to USB Camera(FA-CAM202)

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The NanoPi Duo works with FA-CAM202. After a NanoPi Duo is assembled with a Mini Shield for NanoPi Duo
you can connect a FA-CAM202 to the Shield's USB port.
The FA-CAM202 is a 2M-pixel USB camera module. For more details refer to this wiki site:Matrix -
USB_Camera(FA-CAM202).
Boot your Duo, connect Duo to the internet, log in the system as root, compile and run the mjpg-streamer utility:
$ su root
$ cd /root/mjpg-streamer
$ make
$ ./start.sh
The mjpg-streamer is an open source media server. After it is started successfully you will see the following
messages:
i: Using V4L2 device.: /dev/video0
i: Desired Resolution: 1280 x 720
i: Frames Per Second.: 30
i: Format............: YUV
i: JPEG Quality......: 90
o: www-folder-path...: ./www/
o: HTTP TCP port.....: 8080
o: username:password.: disabled
o: commands..........: enabled

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In our case our Duo's IP address was 192.168.1.169. We typed "192.168.1.169:8080" on a browser, entered and we
got the following screenshot:
Check CPU's Working Temperature
Type the following command on a terminal to read the SoC's temperature and frequency:
$ cpu_freq
Check System Information with Rpi-Monitor
Our Ubuntu-Core contains the Rpi-Monitor utility with which users can check system information and status.
In our case our Duo's IP was 192.168.1.230 and we typed the following IP in a browser:
192.168.1.230:8888

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We entered the following page:
You can easily check these system information and status.
Access GPIO Pins/Wirings with WiringNP
The wiringPi library was initially developed by Gordon Henderson in C. It contains libraries to access GPIO, I2C,
SPI, UART, PWM and etc. The wiringPi library contains various libraries, header files and a commandline
utility:gpio. The gpio utility can be used to read and write GPIO pins.
FriendlyElec integrated this utility in Duo's system allowing users to easily access GPIO pins. For more details
refer to WiringNP WiringNP
Make Your Own Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded
Use Mainline BSP
The NanoPi Duo has support for kernel Linux-4.x.y with Ubuntu Core 16.04. For more details about how to use
mainline u-boot and Linux-4.x.y refer to :Mainline U-boot & Linux
Connect External Modules to Duo
Connect Mini Shield for NanoPi NEO Duo to Duo
3D Printing Files

9/29/2017 NanoPi Duo - FriendlyARM WiKi
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Resources
Schematics & Datasheets
Schematics: NanoPi Duo V1.0 1706 schematic
(http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/images/9/9a/Schematic_NanoPi_Duo-V1.0_1706.pdf)
Dimensional Diagram: NanoPi Duo V1.0 1706 PCB Dimensional Diagram
(http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/index.php/File:Dimension_NanoPi_Duo_v1.0_1706-PCB.rar)
Datasheet:
Update Log
July-17-2017
Released English Version
August-12-2017
Updated section 1
August-29-2017
Added section 3
Sep-3-2017
Corrected spelling and grammar errors
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This page was last modified on 16 September 2017, at 06:53.