FRO­NIUS Primo GEN24 User manual

Operating
Instructions
GEN24 & Tauro Country Setup Menu
42,0426,0413,EN 007-26072022
EN Operating Instructions

Contents
General 4
Country setup 4
Access code 4
Adjusting parameters with the Fronius Solar.start app 5
Adjusting parameters with the browser 5
Country setup 7
Country setup selection 9
Country setup selection 9
General 10
Startup and Reconnection 10
Ramp Rates 11
Safety 14
Unintentional Islanding Detection 14
Isolation monitoring 14
DC Arc Fault Protection 16
RCMU 18
DC Shutdown Communication 19
Interface Protection 20
Voltage 20
Frequency 23
DC Injection 27
Grid Support Functions 29
Voltage Fault Ride Through (VFRT) 29
Active Power 36
Reactive Power 58
3
EN

General
Country setup The "Country Setup" menu area is intended exclusively for installers/service
technicians from authorised specialist companies. The access code must be re-
quested from the national/international Fronius point of contact using an applic-
ation form.
CAUTION!
Risk due to unauthorised access.
Incorrectly set parameters can negatively influence the public grid and/or the in-
verter feeding energy into the grid, and lead to a loss of conformity with the
standard.
▶The parameters may only be adjusted by installers/service technicians from
authorised specialist companies.
▶Do not give the access code to third parties and/or unauthorised persons.
WARNING!
Danger due to unauthorised error analyses and repair work.
This can result in serious injury and damage to property.
▶Fault analyses and repair work on the photovoltaic system may only be car-
ried out by installers/service technicians from authorized specialist compan-
ies in accordance with national standards and guidelines.
The selected country setup for the respective country contains preset paramet-
ers according to the nationally applicable standards and requirements. Depend-
ing on local grid conditions and the specifications of the energy provider, adjust-
ments to the selected country setup may be necessary.
CAUTION!
Risk due to incorrectly set parameters.
Incorrectly set parameters can negatively influence the public grid and/or cause
faults and failures on the inverter, and lead to the loss of standard conformity.
▶The parameters may only be adjusted by installers/service technicians from
authorised specialist companies.
▶The parameters may only be adjusted if the energy provider permits or re-
quires this.
▶Only adjust the parameters taking into account the nationally applicable
standards and/or directives and the specifications of the energy provider.
Access code The "Country setup" menu area is intended exclusively for installers/service tech-
nicians from authorised specialist companies. The access code must be reques-
ted from the national/international Fronius point of contact using an application
form.
4

CAUTION!
Risk due to unauthorised access.
Incorrectly set parameters can negatively influence the public grid and/or the in-
verter feeding energy into the grid, and lead to a loss of conformity with the
standard.
▶The parameters may only be adjusted by installers/service technicians from
authorised specialist companies.
▶Do not give the access code to third parties and/or unauthorised persons.
Adjusting para-
meters with the
Fronius Sol-
ar.start app
The "Fronius Solar.start" app is needed for registration. Depending on the end
device, the app is available on the respective platform.
1 2
open access point
Setup your PV system in a few minutes.
START INSTALLATION
LOGIN
Log in with your Fronius credentials (email adress
& password) in order to get the most out of the
PV System. Installing a new product does not
require a Login.
Imprint & Contact Terms & ConditionsData Privacy
Fronius Solar.start
1Start the installation in the app.
2Select the product to which the connection should be established.
3Open the access point by touching the sensor once → Communication LED:
flashes blue.
4Select the "Technician" user in the "User menu" and enter and confirm the
password for the "Technician" user.
5Call up the "Safety and grid regulations" → "Country setup" menu area.
6Enter the requested access code (see chapter Access code on page 4) in the
input field "Access code country setup" and click the button "Activate".
7Adjust the parameters in the individual menu areas taking into account the
nationally applicable standards and/or the specifications of the energy pro-
vider.
Adjusting para-
meters with the
browser
WLAN:
open access point
1
FRONIUS_PILOTxxx
Secured
Password:
12345678
2
192.168.250.181
1Open the access point by touching the sensor once → Communication LED:
flashes blue.
5
EN

2Establish the connection to the inverter in the network settings (the inverter
is displayed with the name "FRONIUS_PILOT" and the serial number of the
device).
3Password: enter 12345678 and confirm.
IMPORTANT!
To enter the password on a Windows 10 operating system, the link "Connect
using a security key instead" must first be activated to establish a connection
with the password: 12345678.
4In the browser address bar, enter and confirm the IP address
192.168.250.181.
5Select the "Technician" user in the "User menu" and enter and confirm the
password for the "Technician" user.
6Call up the "Safety and grid regulations" → "Country setup" menu area.
7Enter the requested access code (see chapter Access code on page 4) in the
input field "Access code country setup" and click the button "Activate".
8Adjust the parameters in the individual menu areas taking into account the
nationally applicable standards and/or the specifications of the grid operator.
Ethernet:
169.254.0.180
21
open access point
1Establish a connection to the inverter (LAN1) with a network cable (CAT5
STP or higher).
2Open the access point by touching the sensor once → Communication LED:
flashes blue.
3In the browser address bar, enter and confirm IP address 169.254.0.180.
4Select the "Technician" user in the "User menu" and enter and confirm the
password for the "Technician" user.
5Call up the "Safety and grid regulations" → "Country setup" menu area.
6Enter the requested access code (see chapter Access code on page 4) in the
input field "Access code country setup" and click the button "Activate".
7Adjust the parameters in the individual menu areas taking into account the
nationally applicable standards and/or the specifications of the grid operator.
6

Country setup
7

8

Country setup selection
Country setup
selection
Predefined setups can be selected in the "Country setup selection" menu. The
selected country setup for the respective country contains preset parameters
according to the nationally applicable standards and requirements. Depending
on local grid conditions and the specifications of the energy provider, adjust-
ments to the selected country setup may be necessary.
Parameter Description
"Country / Region" Selecting the respective country or region limits/
displays the available country setups for the invert-
er.
"Country setup" Displays the available setups per country/region.
A setup is a device configuration predefined by
Fronius. The selection of the country setup must be
made in consideration of the applicable standards
or in coordination with the grid operator.
"Rated Frequency (Hz)" The rated frequency is predetermined by the coun-
try setup selection. Changing this parameter affects
the stable operation of the inverter and is therefore
only permitted in consultation with Fronius.
"Rated Voltage (V)" The rated voltage is predetermined by the choice of
the country setup. Changing this parameter affects
the stable operation of the inverter and is therefore
only permitted in consultation with Fronius.
9
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General
Startup and Re-
connection
These parameters can be used to set the grid monitoring times before the invert-
er is switched on.
For the set time, both the mains voltage and the grid frequency must be within
the permissible range before connection is allowed.
-The permissible range for the mains voltage is defined in the menu area "Grid
and system protection" → "Voltage" → "Startup and reconnection" (see
chapter Voltage).
-The permissible range for the grid frequency is defined in the menu area
"Grid and system protection " → " Frequency " → " Startup and reconnection"
(see chapter Frequency).
Parameter Range of values Description
"Grid Monitoring
Time Startup"
1 - 900 [s] Grid monitoring time before the invert-
er is switched on during a normal start-
up process in seconds (e.g. at sunrise).
Parameter Range of values Description
"Grid Monitoring
Time Reconnec-
tion"
1 - 900 [s] Grid monitoring time before the invert-
er is switched back on after a grid fault
(see table "Grid faults") in seconds
(e.g. if a fault occurs in the AC grid dur-
ing the day which causes the inverter to
shut down).
The following errors are defined by the inverter as grid errors for this function-
ality:
Name Description "StateCode"
name
"StateCode"
number
"Overvoltage" Mains voltage exceeds an
overvoltage limit ("Inner,
Middle, or Outer Limit
Overvoltage").
"AC voltage
too high"
1114
"Undervoltage" Mains voltage falls below
an undervoltage limit ("In-
ner, Middle or Outer Limit
Undervoltage").
"AC voltage
too low"
1119
"Overfrequency" Grid frequency exceeds an
overfrequency limit ("In-
ner, Outer or Alternative
Limit Overfrequency").
"AC fre-
quency too
high"
1035
"Underfrequency" Grid frequency falls below
an underfrequency limit
("Inner, Outer or Alternat-
ive Limit Underfre-
quency").
"AC fre-
quency too
low"
1037
"Fast Overvoltage
Disconnect"
Triggering of the fast surge
protection (> 135%).
"Grid voltage
too high (fast
overvoltage
cut-out)"
1115, 1116
10

Name Description "StateCode"
name
"StateCode"
number
"Long Time Aver-
age Overvoltage
Limit"
Mains voltage exceeds the
long-term overvoltage lim-
it ("Long Time Average
Limit").
"Long-term
mains
voltage limit
exceeded"
1117
"Unintentional Is-
landing Detec-
tion."
Unintentional islanding
was detected.
"Islanding
detected"
1004
Ramp Rates Ramp rates limit the maximum rate of change of effective power in special situ-
ations. Rising ramps ("Ramp-Up") limit the increase in effective power at the in-
verter AC output. Falling ramps ("Ramp-Down") limit the reduction of effective
power at the AC output of the inverter.
Note that the lowest rate of change is applied if there are multiple rate of change
specifications. An "Irradiation Ramp" can thus be rendered ineffective by, for ex-
ample, a lower "Startup Ramp" or another function affecting the rate of change
(e. g., P(U) or P(F)).
"Ramp-Up at Startup and Reconnection"
When connecting the inverter, the maximum rate of change of the effective
power can be limited by a rising ramp with a defined gradient. As soon as the ef-
fective power increase is influenced due to the available PV power or another
control, the ramp is terminated.
Parameter Range of values Description
"Ramp-Up at
Startup and Re-
connection"
On The effective power is limited at the
"Startup" or a "Reconnection" with a
rate of change of "Ramp-Up at Startup
and Reconnection Rate".
Off The function is deactivated.
"Ramp-Up at
Startup and Re-
connection Rate."
0.001 ‑100
[%/s]
Permitted rate of change of the effect-
ive power at "Startup" or "Reconnec-
tion".
"Ramp-Up/Down Irradiation"
The "Irradiation Ramp" is a permanent limitation of the rate of change for the ef-
fective power. If the PV power changes rapidly due to passing clouds, the rate of
change of the inverter output power is limited with the "Ramp-Up Irradiation
Rate" or the "Ramp-Down Irradiation Rate".
Parameter Range of values Description
"Ramp-Up Irradi-
ation"
On The effective power increase is limited
with a rate of change of "Ramp-Up Irra-
diation Rate".
Off The function is deactivated.
"Ramp-Up Irradi-
ation Rate"
0.001 - 200
[%/s]
Permitted rate of change during power
increase.
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Parameter Range of values Description
"Ramp-Down Irra-
diation"
Note: This func-
tion only has an
effect on invert-
ers with storage.
On The effective power reduction is limited
with a rate of change of "Ramp-Down
Irradiation Rate".
Off The function is deactivated.
"Ramp-Down Irra-
diation Rate"
0.001 - 200
[%/s]
Permitted rate of change of effective
power.
Example: Effective power limitation by "Irradiation-Ramp-Up/Down", which was
caused by a change in the available PV power.
"Ramp-Up/Down Communication"
This is a limitation of the effective power rate of change when changing external
specifications for effective power. These can be, for example, power limitations
via I/Os or Modbus commands. If smaller rates of change are specified via Mod-
bus command, these are applied, larger rates as "Ramp-Up Communication Rate"
or "Ramp-Down Communication Rate" are limited with the same.
Parameter Range of values Description
"Ramp-Up Com-
munication"
On The limitation of the rate of change
(corresponding to "Ramp-Up Commu-
nication Rate") in case of effective
power increase due to an external spe-
cification is activated.
Off The function is deactivated.
"Ramp-Up Com-
munication Rate"
0.001 ‑100
[%/s]
Permitted rate of change during power
increase.
"Ramp-Down
Communication"
On The limitation of the rate of change
(corresponding to "Ramp-Down Com-
munication Rate") in the event of ef-
fective power reduction due to an ex-
ternal specification is activated.
Off The function is deactivated.
12

Parameter Range of values Description
"Ramp-Down
Communication
Rate"
0.001 ‑100
[%/s]
Permitted rate of change for power re-
duction.
13
EN

Safety
Unintentional Is-
landing Detec-
tion
Unintentional islanding
In the event of a grid failure or disconnection of a small part of the grid from the
higher-level utility grid, it is possible under special conditions for local loads and
inverters to establish unintentional islanding. If the generation and load (of both
active and reactive power) are balanced, the AC voltage and frequency can re-
main within the allowable limits. In this case, the inverter (without additional is-
landing detection) will continue feeding energy into the grid, will not automatic-
ally shut down, and will supply power to the local loads. This is an unwanted con-
dition. To prevent these situations, active or passive islanding detection methods
can be used.
Active islanding detection
The inverter's active islanding detection function detects unwanted islanding
situations, the inverter stops feeding energy into the grid and disconnects from
the AC grid at all poles.
The detection process is carried out using a grid frequency shift method (Active
Frequency Drift): In the event of short-term grid frequency changes, the inverter
feeds in an alternating current with a changed frequency (frequency shift). In the
event of an interruption to the grid, the AC voltage will also change its frequency.
There is a co-feedback effect, whereby the frequency is shifted so much that it
exceeds or falls below the permissible limits. This causes the inverter to stop
feeding energy into the grid.
In the case of three-phase inverters, the method is also able to detect islanding
on any individual phases. This function is an active islanding detection method,
since the inverter specifically changes its feed-in behaviour during the detection
process.
Parameter Range of values Standard
value
Description
"Unintentional
Islanding De-
tection."
On Active islanding detection
is activated.
Off Off Active islanding detection
is deactivated.
"Quality Factor" 0.1 ‑10.0 1.0 The higher this value, the
stronger/more aggressive
the frequency shift of the
island detection.
Higher values therefore
result in shorter island de-
tection times. However,
values that are too high
can also have a negative
effect on the voltage qual-
ity.
In contrast, there are passive methods that detect islanding based only on the
measurement of AC network variables. This group includes, for example, "Rate of
Change of Frequency (RoCoF) Protection".
Isolation monit-
oring
Isolation monitoring ("Iso Monitoring")
The inverter performs an isolation measurement at the DC terminals of the PV
generator before each connection (at least once a day). Isolation monitoring
14

must be activated for both the isolation warning and the isolation error.
Isolation Warning
The measured value of the isolation monitoring is used for an isolation warning.
Status code 1083 is displayed if the measured value falls below an adjustable
limit value.
Isolation Error
The measured value of the isolation monitoring is also used for isolation error
monitoring. If the measured isolation value is below the limit value "Isolation Er-
ror Threshold", feeding energy into the grid is prevented and status code 1082 is
displayed.
IMPORTANT!
For the "Isolation Monitoring" function, the parameters in the two menu sections
described must be configured accordingly.
1The parameters below in the menu item "Safety and grid regulations" →
"Country setup" → "Safety" → "Isolation monitoring" are used to configure the
parameters for the isolation measurement:
Parameter Range of values Description
"Iso Monitoring
Mode"
On The function is activated.
Off The function is deactivated.
Off (with Warn-
ing)
Isolation monitoring is deactivated and
status code 1189 is permanently dis-
played on the user interface of the in-
verter.
"Isolation Error
Threshold"
0.1 ‑10 MOhm If the measured isolation value is lower
than this value, feeding energy into the
grid is prevented (if isolation monitoring
is activated) and status code 1182 is
displayed on the user interface of the
inverter.
2The parameters below in the menu item "Device configuration" → "Inverter" →
"Iso warning" are used to configure the parameters for the isolation warning:
Parameter Range of values Description
"Iso Warning" On The isolation warning is activated.
If the isolation warning threshold is un-
dershot, a warning occurs but not a
shutdown.
Off The function is deactivated.
"Isolation meas-
urement mode"
Precise Isolation monitoring is performed with
the highest accuracy and the measured
insulation resistance is displayed on the
user interface of the inverter.
Quick Isolation monitoring is performed with
lower accuracy, which shortens the dur-
ation of the isolation measurement and
the isolation value is not displayed.
"Isolation Warn-
ing Threshold"
0.1 ‑10 MOhm If this value is undershot, status code
1183 is displayed on the user interface
of the inverter.
15
EN

DC Arc Fault
Protection
These parameters can be used to set the behaviour of the arc detection at the
DC terminals of the inverter. The DC Arc Fault Protection function protects
against arc faults and contact faults. Any faults that occur in the current and
voltage curve are constantly evaluated and the current circuit is switched off if a
contact fault is detected. This prevents overheating on defective contacts and
possible fires.
Parameter Range of val-
ues
Description
"Arc Fault De-
tection (AFD)"
For activating and deactivating the arc
fault detection. The parameters "Arc log-
ging" and "Automatic reconnects" are only
considered with activated "Arc Fault De-
tection (AFD)".
Off Arcs are not detected.
Off (with
Warning)
Arcs are not detected and status code
1184 is permanently displayed on the user
interface of the inverter.
On The arc detection is active.
"Arc-Fault Cir-
cuit Interrupter
(CI)"
Describes the behaviour in the event of a
detected arc and simultaneously activ-
ates/deactivates the integrated self-test.
Off The detection of an arc does not cause the
inverter to shut down and is not displayed
on the user interface of the inverter.
Off (with
Warning)
The detection of an arc does not cause the
inverter to shut down. The status code
1185 is permanently displayed on the user
interface of the inverter.
On If an arc is detected, the inverter inter-
rupts feeding energy into the grid and the
status code 1006 is displayed on the user
interface of the inverter.
Depending on the configuration of the
parameter "Automatic Reconnects", the
inverter will attempt to restart feeding en-
ergy into the grid after 5 minutes. Further-
more, an integrated self-test is active,
which is executed at regular intervals. If
this fails, the inverter stops feeding energy
into the grid and status code 1009 is dis-
played.
16

Parameter Range of val-
ues
Description
"Automatic Re-
connects"
If more arcs have been detected within 24
hours than are defined in "Automatic Re-
connects", the inverter will not make any
further attempt to start feeding energy in-
to the grid. The status code 1006 is dis-
played on the user interface of the invert-
er after each detection and must be ac-
knowledged manually.
Unlimited The 24 hour counter is deactivated. The in-
verter restarts feeding energy into the grid
5 minutes after each arc detected.
0 - No Recon-
nection
After an arc has been detected, no further
attempt is made to start feeding energy
into the grid and status code 1173 is dis-
played on the user interface of the invert-
er.
1 ‑4 After a shutdown by an arc, 1, 2, 3 or 4 at-
tempts are made within 24 hours to re-
start feeding energy into the grid. After
this number of attempts, no further at-
tempt is made to start feeding energy into
the grid and status code 1173 is displayed
on the user interface of the inverter.
"Arc Logging" Enables or disables the recording of arc
signatures. The data is uploaded to the
cloud and used to continuously improve
the interference immunity and fault toler-
ance of arc detection.
Off Arc signatures are not recorded.
On Arc signatures are recorded, uploaded to
the cloud, and used to continuously im-
prove the interference immunity and fault
tolerance of arc detection.
"Automatic Sig-
nal Recording"
Activates or deactivates recording of the
inverter's signal characteristics to continu-
ously improve arc detection.
Off Recording is deactivated.
On Recording is activated. With a probability
in accordance with the "Recording Probab-
ility" parameter, data is recorded and up-
loaded to the cloud every 10 minutes.
17
EN

Parameter Range of val-
ues
Description
"Recording
Probability"
If "Automatic Signal Recording (ASR)" is
activated, the frequency for a recording
can be set here.
0 No signal characteristics are recorded.
0.0 ‑1.0 Every 10 minutes, data is uploaded to the
cloud with a frequency in accordance with
the "Recording Probability".
Example:
With a setting value of 0.1, data is up-
loaded on average every 100 minutes.
1 Data is recorded every 10 minutes.
RCMU The inverter is equipped with a universal current-sensitive residual current monit-
oring unit (RCMU) in accordance with IEC 62109-2. This unit monitors residual
currents from the PV module to the AC output of the inverter and disconnects
the inverter from the grid in the event of unauthorised residual current.
Parameter Range of val-
ues
Description
"RCMU" Off The protective function is deactivated.
Off (with
Warning)
The protective function is deactivated. The
status code 1188 is permanently displayed
on the user interface of the inverter.
On The protective function is activated.
18

Parameter Range of val-
ues
Description
"Automatic Re-
connects"
If more fault currents have been detected
within 24 hours than are defined in "Auto-
matic Reconnects", the inverter will not
make any further attempt to start feeding
energy into the grid. The status code 1076
is displayed on the user interface of the in-
verter and must be acknowledged manu-
ally.
0 No fault current above 300 mA is toler-
ated. After each detected fault current,
feeding energy into the grid is interrupted
and the status code must be acknow-
ledged manually on the user interface of
the inverter.
1 ‑4 After a shutdown due to a fault current ex-
ceeding 300 mA, 1, 2, 3 or 4 attempts are
made within 24 hours to restart feeding
energy into the grid. After this number of
attempts, no further attempt is made to
start feeding energy into the grid and the
status code must be acknowledged manu-
ally on the user interface of the inverter.
Unlimited The 24 hour counter is deactivated. The in-
verter restarts feeding energy into the grid
after each detected fault current above
300 mA.
DC Shutdown
Communication
Devices for shutdown within the DC generator (e.g. in or on the module or within
a string) can be controlled by the inverter. The condition for this is compatibility,
especially with the communication of the inverter.
Parameter Range of val-
ues
Description
"Powerline
Communica-
tion"
Activates and deactivates DC Powerline
Communication (PLC) on the inverter.
PLC Off DC Powerline Communication is deactiv-
ated on the inverter. There are no shut-
down devices installed in the PV system,
or if shutdown devices are installed in the
PV system that are waiting for an enable
signal, then this signal must come from
another device (transmitter) (otherwise
the system will not function).
SunSpec PLC The inverter communicates with DC-
Powerline Communication according to
the "SunSpec Rapid Shutdown Standard".
Compatible shutdown devices must be
used for the correct functioning of the PV
system.
19
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Interface Protection
Voltage This chapter deals with the protection settings for overvoltage and undervoltage.
Mains voltage limits are defined for this purpose. These depend on the country
setup and can be adjusted as described below.
Each mains voltage limit is defined by:
-an undervoltage with associated protection time, or
-an overvoltage with associated protection time.
The protection time describes the duration for which the voltage may be outside
the respective voltage limit value before the inverter switches off with an error
message.
Three overvoltage and three undervoltage limit values can be used. The "Inner
Limits" (U< for undervoltage; U>for overvoltage) refer to those limit values which
are closer to the nominal voltage. The "Middle Limits" (U< for undervoltage;
U>for overvoltage) have a greater distance to the nominal voltage. The greatest
distance between the nominal voltage and the limit value is for the "Outer Limits"
(U<< for undervoltage; U>> for overvoltage).
For expedient use of the "Inner Limits" and "Outer Limits", the respective "Inner
Limit" must be linked to a greater time than the "Outer Limit". If the "Middle
Limits" are also used, their time between "Inner Limit" and "Outer Limit" must be
set, see example in the diagram.
Graphic illustrating the limits
IL "Inner limit" - inner limit value
ML "Middle Limit" - middle limit
value
OL "Outer limit" - outer limit value
(1) Trip range
OV Overvoltage
UV Undervoltage
txProtection time
These voltage limit values are not active in backup power mode. Under "Device
configuration" → " Inverter" → "Backup power", the voltage limits that apply in
backup power mode can be configured.
"Inner Limits"
Parameter Description
"Undervoltage U<" Setting value for undervoltage protection U< in [V]
"Undervoltage Time U<" Setting value of time for undervoltage protection
U< in [s]
"Overvoltage U>" Setting value for surge protection U> in [V]
"Overvoltage Time U>" Setting value of time for surge protection U> in [s]
20