GST D Series User guide

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D Series Smoke and Heat Detector
Application Bulletin
Page I
Content
Section 1 Overview of D Series Smoke and Heat Detectors………….…1
Section 2 Heat Detector Applications………………………………………2
Section 3 Smoke Detector Applications…………………………………….8
Section 4 Initial Installation Testing…………………………………….….12

D Series Smoke and Heat Detector
Application Bulletin
Page 1
Section 1 Overview of D Series Smoke and Heat Detectors
The D Series family of detectors is comprised of a variety of detection technologies to meet
the needs of the fire protection community. The detectors are constructed of a white,
high-impact polymer. All detectors plug into DB-M01mounting base. The table below lists
the available detector models.
D Series Smoke and Heat Detectors Model Description
Model
Description
DI-M9103
Intelligent Combination 15oF(8.3℃)per minute Rate-of-Rise, and 135oF
(57℃) Fixed-Temperature Heat Detector
DI-M9102
Intelligent Photoelectric Smoke Detector
DI-M9101
Intelligent Combination Photoelectric Smoke and 135 o F (57℃)
Fixed-Temperature Heat Detector
DC-M9103
Conventional Combination 15o F (8.3℃)per minute Rate-of-Rise, and
135o F (57℃) Fixed-Temperature Heat Detector
DC-M9102
Conventional Photoelectric Smoke Detector
DC-M9101
Conventional Combination Photoelectric Smoke and 135 o F (57℃)
Fixed-Temperature Heat Detector
D series of smoke and heat detectors contain their own microprocessors which allow them
to make alarm decisionsbased on the information collected by their sensors. Depending on
the detector, decisions may be based on the information gathered by up to two independent
sensing elements.
DI-M9103/M9102/M9101 are intelligent addressable devices. The addressing is electronic
and can be configured using a hand held tool P-9910B, refer to the P-9910B programmer
operation manual for detail information. DC-M9103/M9102/M9101 are conventional
devices.
The D series detectors provide a red LED indicate the detector’s condition. The LED
indicator displays the following states:
DI-M9101,DI-M9102 and DI-M9103:
• Normal: Red LED flashing or off, modified by the hand held tool P-9910B
• Alarm/active: Red LED steady
DC-M9101, DC-M9102 and DC-M9103:
• Normal: Red LED flashing • Alarm/active: Red LED steady
Multiple sensing technologies are incorporated into DI/DC-M9101detectors, which makes
them suitable for a wide range of applications. The tables Smoke Detector Application
section of this document list the applications suitable for the DI/DC-M9101.

D Series Smoke and Heat Detector
Application Bulletin
Page 2
Section 2 Heat Detector Applications
WARNING: These detectors are intendedfor use with ionization and/or photoelectric smoke
detectors. A heat detector by itself does not provide life safety protection.
Heat detectors sense change in air temperature and initiate alarm conditions based on a
fixed-temperature point, rate of temperature rise, or amount of temperature rise above
ambient condition. Spot type heat detectors should be selected so that the rating is at least
20o F (11o C) above maximum expected ceiling temperature. Ceiling height, construction,
and ventilation play significant roles in detector performance and must be considered when
determining detector placement. The operating temperature range is 32℉to 100℉(0℃to
37.8℃)。
2.1 Spacing of Heat Detectors
Spot type heat detector spacing ratings are based on detector installation on a flat smooth
ceiling that is 10 feet (3m) high. The listed spacing equates detector operation with the
opening of a standard sprinkler head within 2 minutes (+/- 10 seconds) located 10 feet (3m)
from the same fire. Spot type detector spacing is shown in the figure below. Detector
coverage is typically represented as a square because most structures have flat sidewalls.
Actual detector coverage covers a circle whose radius is 0.7 times the listed spacing. Since
all of the area within the detector’s circle of coverage is suitable for detecting a fire, the
shape and dimensions of the detector coverage “square” in the figure below may be
modified. Note that, although the coverage “square” is now a “rectangle,” the coverage area
remains within the overall detector circle of coverage.
Figure 1：Listed heat detector spacing
(1) Heat detector S = Listed spacing between detectors

D Series Smoke and Heat Detector
Application Bulletin
Page 3
A spot type heat detector will cover all points located within 0.7 times the listed spacing. The
listed spacing for heat detectors is S = 50 ft. (15.3 m).
Figure 2: Detector circle of coverage
Figure 3: Alternative heat detector coverage configurations
When installed on the ceiling, spot type heat detectors must be located a minimum of 4 in.
(10 cm)from side walls.Wheninstalled on side walls, the detectormust be between 4 in. (10
cm) and 12 in. (30 cm) from the ceiling, as shown below.

D Series Smoke and Heat Detector
Application Bulletin
Page 4
Figure 4: Detector placement near ceiling or wall joints
The following figure shows the required heat detector spacing for a 200 ft.(60.9 m) by 200 ft.
(60.9 m) room with a 10 ft. (3m) ceiling. The figure shows 16 heat detectors with a required
listed spacing of S = 50 ft. (15.3 m).
Figure 5: Heat detectors spacing example

D Series Smoke and Heat Detector
Application Bulletin
Page 5
2.2 Ceiling Heat and Construction
When heat detectors are installed on other than flat, smooth ceilings or at ceiling heights
greater than 10 ft. (3 m), spacing adjustments must be made. The table below lists the
reduction in listed spacing that must be applied when detectors are mounted on ceilings
higher than 10 ft. (3 m). This reduced spacing yields the equivalent response of detectors
located on a 10 ft. (3 m) ceiling.
Spot type detector ceiling height reduction percentages
Ceiling height
Percent of listed spacing
Heat detector listed spacing
0 to 10 ft. (0 to 3 m)
100
50 ft. (15 m)
10 to 12 ft. (3 to 3.7 m)
91
46 ft. (14 m)
12 to 14 ft. (3.7 to 4.3 m)
84
42 ft. (13 m)
14 to 16 ft. (4.3 to 4.9 m)
77
39 ft. (12 m)
16 to 18 ft. (4.9 to 5.5 m)
71
36 ft. (11 m)
18 to 20 ft. (5.5 to 6.0 m)
64
32 ft. (10 m)
20 to 22 ft. (6.0 to 6.7 m)
58
29 ft. (9 m)
22 to 24 ft. (6.7 to 7.3 m)
52
26 ft. (8 m)
24 to 26 ft. (7.3 to 7.9 m)
46
23 ft. (7 m)
26 to 28 ft. (7.9 to 8.5 m)
40
20 ft. (6 m)
28 to 30 ft. (8.5 to 9.1 m)
34
17 ft. (5 m)
2.3 Exposed solid joists
Exposed solid ceilingjoistsmay impedethe flowof heatto the detectors.When spacing spot
type heat detectors, a joist is defined as any solid member extending 4 in. (10 cm) or more
down from the ceiling and spaced less than 3 ft(1 m) apart. The spacing of heat detectors
must be reduced by 50% in the direction perpendicular to the joist. The detectors must be
mounted on the bottom of the joists.
S = 50 ft. (15 m)
1/2 S = 25 ft. (8 m)
1/4 S = 13 ft. (4 m)
Figure 6: Heat detector spacing —solid joist construction

D Series Smoke and Heat Detector
Application Bulletin
Page 6
2.4 Exposed beams
Exposed beams may impede the flow of heat to the detectors. Beams are defined as
members extending 4 in. (10 cm) or more down from the ceiling and spaced more than 3 ft.
(1 m) apart. The spacing of heat detectors must be reduced by 33% in the direction
perpendicular to the beam. Detectors can be mounted on the bottom of the beams which are
less than 12 in. (30.4 cm) in depth and less than 8 ft. (2.4 m) on center. If beams are greater
than 12 in(30.4 cm) in depth and beam spacing exceeds 8 ft. (2.4 m) on center, then each
bay created by the beams must have at least one detector mounted on the ceiling. Heat
detectors should be mounted on the ceiling in each bay if the ratio of beam depth (D) to
ceiling height (H), D/H, is greaterthan 0.1 andthe ratio of beam spacing (W) to ceiling height
(H),W/H, is greater than 0.4.Heat detectors should be mounted on the bottom of each beam
if either the ratio of beam depth (D) to ceiling height (H), D/H, is less than 0.1 or the ratio of
beam spacing (W) to ceiling height (H), W/H, is less than 0.4.
Calculation:
D/H > 0.1 AND W/H > 0.4 then mount the detector on the ceiling
D/H < 0.1 OR W/H < 0.4 then mount the detector on the bottom of the joist
Figure 7: Heat detector spacing —beam construction
S = 50 ft. (15 m) 2/3 S = 33 ft. (10 m) 1/2 S = 25 ft. (8 m) 1/3 S = 17 ft. (5 m)

D Series Smoke and Heat Detector
Application Bulletin
Page 7
Notes
• Detectors can be located on the bottom of beams if the beams are less than12 in. (30 cm)
deep and beam spacing is less than 8 ft. (2.4 m).
• Beams less than 8 in. (20 cm) deep are considered flat ceilings. Heat detectors must be
mounted on the bottom of the beams.
• Spacing perpendicular to beams deeper than 8 in. (20 cm) must be reduced by 1/3 of the
listed spacing.
• If beam depth exceeds 18 in. (46 cm) and beam spacing exceeds 8.0 ft.(2.4 m) detectors
must be installed on the ceiling in each bay.
2.5 Sloped Ceiling
Rooms with peaked ceilings must have the first row of detectors placed within 3 ft. (1 m)
(measured horizontally) of the ceiling peak. Additional detectors must be spaced based
upon the horizontal projection of the ceiling and ceiling construction. Rooms with shed
ceilings having a slope greater than 1 ft. in 8 ft. (1 m in 8 m)must have the first row of
detectors within 3-ft. (1 m) of the high end of the ceiling. Additional detectors, if required,
shall be spaced based upon the horizontal projection of the ceiling and ceiling construction.
For roofs having a slope less than 30 degrees, horizontal spacing must be adjusted
according to the height of the peak. For roofs having a slope greater than 30 degrees,
horizontal spacing shall be adjusted according to the average sloped ceiling height.
Figure 8: Heat detector spacing —peaked ceiling

D Series Smoke and Heat Detector
Application Bulletin
Page 8
Section 3 Smoke Detector Applications
Smoke detectors sense the presence of smoke particles. In order for a smoke detector to
sense these particles, smoke must travel from the point of origin to the detector. When
evaluating a particular building or location for detector layout, likely fire locations should first
be determined, and paths of smoke travel from each of these fire locations should be
determined. Wherever practical, actual field tests should be conducted. The most desired
location for smoke detectors would be the common points of intersection of smoke travel
from fire locations throughout the building. Ceiling height, construction, and ventilation play
significant roles in smoke detector performance.
3.1 Avoidance of false alarms
Smoke detectors are sensitive to a number of environmental factors (other than smoke)
which may inadvertently activate the detectors. Careful consideration of the environment in
which a detector is installed will minimize unwanted detector activation (nuisance alarms).
Listed below are some common sources of false alarms to be considered when locating
smoke detectors.
• Cooking equipment
• Welding, cutting, and industrial processes
• Chemical fumes
• Dust
• Engine exhaust
• Vibration
• Excessive airflow
• Lightning and power outages
• Radio frequency transmissions
• Steam and moisture
Figure 9: Heat detector spacing —sloped ceiling