GW Instek GRF-1300 User manual

RF & Communication Trainer
GRF-1300
STUDENT BOOK
USER MANUAL and TEXT BOOK
GW INSTEK PART NO. 82RF-13000MA1
ISO-9001 CERTIFIED MANUFACTURER

This manual contains proprietary information, which is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved.
No part of this manual may be photocopied, reproduced or translated to another language without
prior written consent of Good Will Corporation.
The information in this manual was correct at the time of printing. However, Good Will continues to
improve its products and therefore reserves the right to change the specifications, equipment, and
maintenance procedures at any time without notice.
Good Will Instrument Co., Ltd.
No. 7-1, Jhongsing Rd., Tucheng Dist., New Taipei City 236, Taiwan.

Table of Contents
Table of Contents
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS ....................................................2
ABOUT THIS BOOK ...........................................................5
INTRODUCTION to the GRF-1300 .....................................6
Package Contents ........................................................................................... 8
Product Specifications and Function .............................................................. 8
Usage Instructions ......................................................................................... 9
OVERVIEW of the TIME and FREQUENCY DOMAIN........15
Observation from a different perspective ..................................................... 15
AN INTRODUCTION to SPECTRUM ANALYZERS ............23
Broadband Receiver...................................................................................... 23
Attenuator .................................................................................................... 24
Resolution Bandwidth Filter ......................................................................... 24
RF COMMUNICATION and SIGNALS EXPERIMENTS ......30
Experiment 1: Basic Operation of a Spectrum Analyzer ................................ 31
Experiment 2: Measuring a Baseband Waveform .......................................... 35
Experiment 3: Different Baseband Waveforms and their Harmonic
Measurement ............................................................................................... 39
Experiment 4: Measurement of the RF Carrier .............................................. 46
Experiment 5: AM Signal Measurement........................................................ 58
Experiment 6: FM signal measurement......................................................... 68
Experiment 7: Using a Spectrum Analyzer in Communication Systems ........ 79
Experiment 8: Measurement of communication products ............................ 86
Experiment 9: Production Line Applications ................................................. 89
TEST for LEARNING OUTCOMES ....................................94
APPENDIX...................................................................... 103
dBm Conversion Table ................................................................................ 103
The relationship between dB and dBc......................................................... 103
Resistor Values in π-type Resistance Attenuators ....................................... 105
Resistor Values in T-type Resistance Attenuators ....................................... 106
Modulation Index and Sideband Amplitude Comparison Table................... 107
Declaration of Conformity .......................................................................... 108
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GRF-1300 User Manual and Teaching Materials
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
This chapter contains important safety instructions that
should be followed when operating and storing the GRF-1300.
Read the following before any operation to ensure your safety
and to keep the GRF-1300 in the best condition.
Safety Symbols
These safety symbols may appear in this manual or on the instrument.
WARNING Warning: Identifies conditions or practices that could result in injury
or loss of life.
CAUTION Caution: Identifies conditions or practices that could result in
damage to the GRF-1300 or to other objects or property.
DANGER High Voltage
Attention: Refer to the Manual
Protective Conductor Terminal
Earth (Ground) Terminal
Do not dispose electronic equipment as unsorted municipal waste.
Please use a separate collection facility or contact the supplier from
which this instrument was purchased.
Safety Guidelines
General
Guideline
CAUTION
•Do not place heavy objects on the device.
•Do not place flammable objects on the device.
•Avoid severe impact or rough handling that may damage the
device.
•Avoid discharges of static electricity on or near the device.
•Use only mating connectors, not bare wires, for the terminals.
•The device should only be disassembled by a qualified technician.
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Safety Instructions
(Measurement categories) EN 61010-1:2010 specifies the measurement categories and
their requirements as follows. The device falls under category I.
•Measurement category IV is for measurement performed at the source of a low-voltage
installation.
•Measurement category III is for measurement performed in a building installation.
•Measurement category II is for measurement performed on circuits directly connected
to a low voltage installation.
•Measurement category I is for measurements performed on circuits not directly
connected to Mains.
Power Supply
WARNING
•AC Input voltage: 100 ~ 240V AC, 50 ~ 60Hz.
•Connect the protective grounding conductor of the AC power cord
to an earth ground to prevent electric shock.
Fuse
WARNING
•Fuse type: 1A/250V.
•Only qualified technicians should replace the fuse.
•To ensure fire protection, replace the fuse only with the specified
type and rating.
•Disconnect the power cord and all test leads before replacing the
fuse.
•Make sure the cause of the fuse blowout is fixed before replacing
the fuse.
Cleaning the
GRF-1300
•Disconnect the power cord before cleaning the device.
•Use a soft cloth dampened in a solution of mild detergent and
water. Do not spray any liquid into the device.
•Do not use chemicals containing harsh products such as benzene,
toluene, xylene, and acetone.
Operation
environment
•Location: Indoor, no direct sunlight, dust free, almost non-
conductive pollution (Note below) and avoid strong magnetic
fields.
•Relative Humidity: < 80%
•Altitude: < 2000m
•Temperature: 0°C to 40°C
(Pollution Degree) EN 61010-1:2010 specifies pollution degrees and their requirements as
follows. The device falls under degree 2.
Pollution refers to “addition of foreign matter, solid, liquid, or gaseous (ionized gases),
that may produce a reduction of dielectric strength or surface resistivity”.
•Pollution degree 1: No pollution or only dry, non-conductive pollution occurs. The
pollution has no influence.
•Pollution degree 2: Normally only non-conductive pollution occurs. Occasionally,
however, a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected.
•Pollution degree 3: Conductive pollution occurs, or dry, non-conductive pollution
occurs which becomes conductive due to condensation which is expected. In such
conditions, equipment is normally protected against exposure to direct sunlight,
precipitation, and full wind pressure, but neither temperature nor humidity is
controlled.
Storage
environment
•Location: Indoor
•Relative Humidity: < 70%
•Temperature: -10°C to 70°C
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GRF-1300 User Manual and Teaching Materials
Disposal
Do not dispose this device as unsorted municipal waste. Please use a
separate collection facility or contact the supplier from which this
instrument was purchased. Please make sure discarded electrical
waste is properly recycled to reduce environmental impact.
Power cord for the United Kingdom
When using the device in the United Kingdom, make sure the power cord meets the following safety
instructions.
NOTE: This lead/appliance must only be wired by competent persons
WARNING: THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED
IMPORTANT: The wires in this lead are coloured in accordance with the following code:
Green/ Yellow: Earth
Blue: Neutral
Brown: Live (Phase)
As the colours of the wires in main leads may not correspond with the coloured marking identified in
your plug/appliance, proceed as follows:
The wire which is coloured Green & Yellow must be connected to the Earth terminal marked with either
the letter E, the earth symbol or coloured Green/Green & Yellow.
The wire which is coloured Blue must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter N or
coloured Blue or Black.
The wire which is coloured Brown must be connected to the terminal marked with the letter L or P or
coloured Brown or Red.
If in doubt, consult the instructions provided with the equipment or contact the supplier.
This cable/appliance should be protected by a suitably rated and approved HBC mains fuse: refer to the
rating information on the equipment and/or user instructions for details. As a guide, a cable of 0.75mm2
should be protected by a 3A or 5A fuse. Larger conductors would normally require 13A types,
depending on the connection method used.
Any exposed wiring from a cable, plug or connection that is engaged in a live socket is extremely
hazardous. If a cable or plug is deemed hazardous, turn off the mains power and remove the cable, any
fuses and fuse assemblies. All hazardous wiring must be immediately destroyed and replaced in
accordance to the above standard.
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About this Book
ABOUT THIS BOOK
This textbook was developed in conjunction with the GRF-
1300 RF & Communication Trainer and the GSP-730 3GHz
spectrum analyzer as an RF communications education system.
It not only offers detailed examples, but also the practical
knowledge necessary for RF measurements, such as spectrum
analyzer principals, as well as AM and FM communication
systems.
For you to easily understand the contents of this textbook,
we have included as many pictures and diagrams as possible to
strengthen your comprehension.
This book is divided into a teacher version and two student
versions. All experiment results are included in the teacher
edition. In addition, chapters with an asterisk (*) indicate
additional text for advanced reading not present in the student
addition. Students will not be affected by the omission of the
additional text. To further help students, the student edition
will contain a “Notes” section in these missing areas.
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GRF-1300 User Manual and Teaching Materials
6
INTRODUCTION to the GRF-1300
The GRF-1300 is a well designed training kit capable of
producing a 3MHz baseband signal and a carrier signal up to
900MHz. The GRF-1300 is also able to perform AM and FM RF
circuit experiments as well. The practical exercises in the
training kit meet the needs of most general RF courses. The
GRF-1300 consists of three modules, namely: a baseband
module, an RF Synthesizer/FM module and an AM module.
The baseband module can simulate a baseband signal and
includes sine, square or triangle waveforms. Its output
frequency and amplitude are adjustable. During experiments
the three kinds of waveforms can be arbitrarily switched back
and forth to meet the signaling requirements of each of the
different experiments.
The RF Synthesizer/FM module is used to generate an
adjustable carrier frequency as well as perform frequency
modulation. This module covers some of the focus points in the
RF circuit theory. This will be highlighted in practical
experiments in later chapters. FM waveforms can also be
produced by using this module together with the baseband
module. The GSP-730 spectrum analyzer can be used to observe
the various characteristics of an FM waveform.
The AM module and baseband module can be used
together to perform amplitude modulation experiments. The
GSP-730 Spectrum Analyzer can be used to observe the various
characteristics of an AM waveform.
This experiment system can be connected to a computer via
the USB interface. The interface can be used to turn individual
circuits on or off so that students can perform diagnostic
experiments.
Students can learn the fundamental aspects of RF theory
through a variety of experiments. Understanding RF theory has
been made easier by breaking the RF circuits into fundamental
functions. This allows students to see in detail how the theory
relates to the practical aspects of the RF circuitry.
This system is a collection of different functions: signal
generation, frequency modulation, amplitude modulation,

Introduction to the GRF-1300
communication and other functions. Connecting different
modules together can create a number of different RF circuit
experiments. Specific experiments will be highlighted in later
chapters. The GRF-1300 RF & Communication Trainer is
designed to modulate an audio signal with a carrier waveform.
The system takes into account the difficulties arising from RF
circuit theory and knowledge. It focuses on these theories and
sets up experiments to understand the theoretical aspects of RF
circuitry – This also has the added benefit of increasing a
student’s interest to learn RF circuits.
Figure A-1.
The GRF-1300
control panel
Figure A-2.
Reference
platform: GSP-
730 Spectrum
Analyzer
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GRF-1300 User Manual and Teaching Materials
Package Contents
This package contains the GRF-1300 unit, RF cable – 2 *
10cm, RF cable 1* 80cm, a user manual CD, a student book, an
antenna, a power cord and so on.
Title Photo No Note
GRF-1300
1
RF wire 2 100mm
RF wire
1 800mm
Antenna 1 800-1000MHz
AC power cord 1 100-240V～50-60Hz
CD
1 User manual and
software
Adapter
1 N-SMA Adapter
Student
Textbook
1 RF & Communication
Trainer
Product Specifications and Function
Function Item Spec.
Waveforms Sine, Square, Triangle
Frequency Range
0.1~3MHz
(Triangle-0.1~1MHz)
Step: 10kHz
Amplitude ≥1.5Vpp
Base Band
Harmonics Distortion ≤-30dBc
Frequency Accuracy ±0.15MHz
Adjustable Range ≥45MHz (870M~920M)
Step: 1MHz
RF/FM Analysis
Power Range ≥-15dBm
FM Max Frequency
Deviation >3MHz
AM Peak Difference ≥-18dBm
Communication Turn circuits on or off by remote command for
the diagnostic experiments.
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