Hardi N Series User manual

N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER
DIAPHRAGM
Operator's Manual
67302903 (08/10)

HARDI
N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER
DIAPHRAGM
Operator's Manual
67302903 (08/10)
HARDI®reserves the right to make changes in design,
material, or specification without notice thereof.
HARDI®and other product names are registered trademarks
of HARDI®Inc. in the U.S. and in other countries.

2 HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.0 SAFETY INFORMATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1 Follow Safety Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2 Operating the Sprayer Safely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.3 Handling Chemical Products Safely . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.4 Local Poison Information Center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.0 HOOKING UPTHE SPRAYER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.1 P.T.O.Shaft Operator Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.2 Installation Of P.T.O.Shaft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.3 Power Supply (electric controls only) . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.4 Control box (electric controls only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.0 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.1 Filling The Main Tank (all models). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.2 Filling The Clean Water Tank (optional). . . . . . . . . . 18
4.3 EC-3 Standard Plumbing Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.4 EC-3 Plumbing Diagram w/optional Rate Controller 20
4.5 Adjustment of the EC-3 Electric Controls . . . . . . . . 21
4.6 ET-3 Manual Control Plumbing Diagram. . . . . . . . . 23
4.7 Adjustment of the ET-3 Manual Controls. . . . . . . . . 24
4.8 ET-2 Manual Control Plumbing Diagram. . . . . . . . . 26
4.9 Adjustment of the ET-2 Manual Controls. . . . . . . . . 27
4.10 BK-3 Manual Control Plumbing Diagram . . . . . . . . 29
4.11 Adjustment of the BK-3 Manual Controls . . . . . . . . 30
4.12 Operation Of The Tank Drain Valve (all models) . . . 33
4.13 Adjustment of Air Pressure in Pressure Damper
(All models). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.14 Self Cleaning Filter (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
4.15 Unfolding/Folding Boom
(All models with standard booms). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.16 Boom Height Adjustment
(All models with standard booms). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

3HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
5.0 NOZZLE SELECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
5.1 Boom Nozzle Selection
(All models with standard booms). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
5.2 Giant End Nozzle Selection (Pasture Sprayer only) 40
5.3 Spraygun Nozzle Selection (All models). . . . . . . . . 42
5.4 Calibration (All models with standard booms). . . . . 43
5.5 Calibration (Pasture sprayer model only) . . . . . . . . 47
6.0 MAINTENANCE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
6.1 Cleaning The Sprayer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
6.2 Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
6.3 Nozzles And Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
6.4 Replacement Of P.T.O.Shaft Protection Guards. . . 55
6.5 Replacement Of P.T.O.Shaft Cross Journals . . . . . 55
6.6 Changing the Valves and Diaphragms (all pumps). 56
6.7 Breakaway Clutch Adjustment (MB Boom only) . . . 57
6.8 Lubrication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
7.0 OFF-SEASON STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
7.1 Preparation after Off-Season Storage. . . . . . . . . . . 62
8.0 ACCESSORIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
8.1 Clean Water Dispenser (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
8.2 Spraygun And Hose wrap (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
8.3 Maverick Rate Controller (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
8.4 Large 4" Pressure Gauge (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
8.5 Chemical Filler (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
8.6 Chemical Filler Bag & Bottle Rinse Kit (optional) . . 65
8.7 SMV Sign Kit (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
9.0 TROUBLESHOOTING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
9.1 General Spray Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
10.0TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
10.1 Dimensions and weights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
10.2 Power consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
11.0WARRANTY POLICY AND CONDITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
12.0 NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

4 HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
Dear Owner,
Thank you for purchasing a HARDI®product and welcome to the ever-
increasing family of HARDI®sprayer owners.
Our sprayers and accessories are rapidly becoming a familiar sight
on North American farms.We believe that this results from growers
becoming increasingly conscious of crop protection input costs and the
vital need for cost effective spray application equipment.
Please take the time to thoroughly read the Operator’s Manual before
using your equipment.You will find many helpful hints as well as
important safety and operation information.
Some of the features on your HARDI®sprayer were suggested by
growers.There is no substitute for “on farm” experience and we invite
your comments and suggestions. If any portion of this instruction book
remains unclear after reading it, contact your HARDI®dealer or service
personnel for further explanation before using the equipment.
For Product, Service or Warranty Information:
- Please contact your local HARDI®dealer.
To contact HARDI®directly:
- Please use the HARDI®Customer Service number: 1-866-770-7063
- Or send your email to CUSTSER[email protected]
Visit us online at: www.hardi-us.com
HARDI®NORTH AMERICA INC.
Sincerely,
Dale M. Szuminski
President
HARDI
1500 West 76th St.
Davenport, Iowa 52806
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
337 Sovereign Rd.
London, Ontario N6M 1A6
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

5HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
N105 GALLON 3-PT PASTURE SPRAYER MODEL
Fig. 2
N155 GALLON 3-PT WITH 26' MB BOOM
Fig. 1

6 HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
1.0 INTRODUCTION
We congratulate you for choosing a HARDI® plant protection product.
The reliability and efficiency of this product depends on your care.The
first step is to carefully read and pay attention to this operator's manual.
It contains essential information for the efficient use and long life of this
quality product.
As this instruction book covers all N-series models, please pay
attention to the sections dealing with your specific model.
This manual covers the HARDI®N-series 3-PT sprayers, available in
105, 155 or 210 gallon (400 L, 600 L or 800 L) capacities.They are
equipped with a HARDI®603, 1203 or 1303 diaphragm pump (540
RPM P.T.O.drive), 3-PT frame and tank with electrical (EC) or manual
(ET or BK) controls.Available standard booms include:
N105: 20' MB, 26' MB
N155: 20' MB, 26' MB, 33' MB, 40' MB
N210: 20' MB, 26' MB, 33' MB, 40' MB
Other boom options include: No boom (spray gun only), pasture
sprayer nozzles (30', 40', 50' spray width), VS8D 1-Row Berry Boom or
VII 2-Row Berry Boom.
The heart of your sprayer is the diaphragm pump.The design is simple,
resulting in low maintenance requirements and guaranteed pump life.
The bearings and crankshaft are grease lubricated and are therefore
protected from spray solution if any diaphragm fails in service. A drain
hole is located in the base of the crank case to facilitate the draining of
any foreign matter.The pump is self-priming and can be run dry without
damage.
The EC-3 electric control unit consists of: Electrically operated master
on/off valve, electrically operated boom distribution valves, manual
pressure adjustment valve, 2-1/2" pressure gauge, and adjustable
pressure agitation.
The ET-2/ET-3 manual control unit consists of: Manual pressure
adjustment valve, boom distribution valves, 2-1/2" pressure gauge, and
adjustable pressure agitation.
Note: ET-2 control is used on pasture sprayer model

7HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
The BK-3 manual control unit consists of: On/off function, distribution
valves with pressure equalization, manual pressure adjustment valve,
pressure filter with 2-1/2" pressure gauge and HARDI-MATIC.The
HARDI-MATIC is a mechanical rate controller that ensures a constant
volume of spray solution per acre at varying speeds in the same gear.
The tanks, made of impact proof and chemical resistant polyethylene,
have a purposeful design with rounded contours and a large deep
sump to allow for effi cient cleaning and draining.The tanks are
equipped with a top suction filter for easy service and a top operated
tank drain.
All standard booms (20', 26', 33' or 40' MB) feature ISO flat fan nozzles
with 20" spacing.The 40' MB boom features a self-levelling trapeze
center.
The pasture sprayer model includes a height adjustable offset nozzle
bracket bolted to the rear of the 3-PT frame for mounting either two
HARDI®Giant End Nozzles or two "Boom Buster" nozzles (Evergreen
Products, Inc.).The two HARDI®Giant End Nozzles provide a
consistent spray pattern and droplet distribution.They are available
in three different sizes ranging from 3.22 - 9.38 GPM (12.7 - 36 l/min)
between 20 - 70 PSI (1.5 - 5 bar) spray pressure.Under optimal
spraying conditions, the maximum spray swath covered by the two
opposite mounted HARDI®Giant End Nozzles is 30', 40' or 50' (10m,
12m or 16m).
Available options include:
Spray Mate II Rate Controller (requires electric EC control)
Remote control cable (for manual BK control only)
Self cleaning filter (with 50 mesh filter)
4 gallon (15 L) clean water dispenser
Chemical filler with optional bag & bottle rinse
4" pressure gauge
Hose wrap with 25' of 3/8" hose and a model 60L HARDI®spray gun
Hose reel with 160' of 3/8" hose and a model 60L HARDI®spray gun*
Hose reel with 275' of 5/8" hose and a model 60L HARDI®spray gun**
Hydraulic boom vertical fold (40' MB boom only)
SMV Sign kit
*Not available on N210 with boom
** Not available with boom

8 HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
ALWAYS WATCH FORTHIS SYMBOLTO POINT OUT
IMPORTANT SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
IT MEANS ATTENTION! BECOME ALERT!
YOUR SAFETY IS INVOLVED!
WARNING
WARNING
ALWAYS READ OPERATOR'S MANUAL BEFORE
USING EQUIPMENT
DO NOT REMOVE ANY SAFETY DEVICES OR
SHIELDS. NEVER SERVICE, CLEAN OR REPAIR A
MACHINE WHILE IT IS OPERATING
2.0 SAFETY INFORMATION

9HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
RECOGNIZE SAFETY INFORMATION
This is the Safety-alert symbol.When you see
this symbol on your machine or in this manual,
be alert to the potential for personal injury.
Follow recommended precautions and safe
operating practices.
2.1 Follow Safety Instructions
- Carefully read all the safety messages in this manual and the safety
labels fitted to the machine.Keep safety labels in good condition.
Replace missing or damaged safety labels. Be sure that new equip-
ment components include any current safety labels.Replacement
safety labels are available from your authorized HARDI®dealer.
- Learn how to operate the sprayer and how to use the controls
properly. Do not let anyone operate the machine without proper
instructions.
- Keep your sprayer in proper working condition. Unauthorized modi-
fications or use may impair the function and/or safety and affect the
machine's life.
- If you do not understand any part of this manual and need assis-
tance, please contact your authorized HARDI®dealer.
2.2 OperatingThe Sprayer Safely
1. Read the complete manual carefully and become familiar with the
operation of the equipment before initial operation in each spraying
season. Failure to do so may result in possible over or under-appli-
cation of spray solution which may drastically affect crop production
and lead to personal injury.
2. Before starting the engine on the tractor unit, be sure all operating
controls are in the off or neutral position (including spray controls)
and disengage the tractor power train.
3. Operate spray functions only when seated in the operator’s seat.
4. One of the most frequent causes of personal injury or death results
from persons falling off or being run over. Do not permit others to
ride on or in. Only one person, the operator, should be on the ma-
chine when in operation.

10 HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
5. Before leaving the tractor seat, stop the engine, put all controls in
neutral, and put the transmission control lever in the park position or
neutral with the brakes locked. Read the tractor operations manual
for added safety precautions.
6. P.T.O. driven equipment can cause serious injury. Before working
on or near the P.T.O.shaft, servicing or cleaning the equipment, put
P.T.O.lever in the DISENGAGE position and stop the engine.
7. Keep hands, feet & clothing away from moving parts.
8. Wear relatively tight and belted clothing to prevent from being caught
on some part of the machine.
9. Slow down when turning.
10. Always keep children away from your sprayer and/or tractor unit.
11. Slow moving tractors and spray equipment can create a hazard
when on public roads. Avoid personal injury or death resulting
from any accidents by using flashing lights. Local regulations may
require installation of flashing warning lights.
12. Understand service procedures before undertaking any mainte-
nance.Never lubricate, service, or adjust the machine while it's
moving.Securely support any components before working on
them.
13. Keep all parts in good condition and properly installed. Fix dam-
aged parts immediately. Replace worn or broken parts.Remove
excessive buildup of grease, oil or debris.

11HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
2.3 Handling Chemical Products Safely
1. Direct exposure to hazardous chemicals can cause serious injury.
These chemicals can include lubricants, coolants, paints, adhesives
and agricultural chemicals.Material Safety Data Sheets (M.S.D.S.)
are available for all hazardous chemicals which inform the user of
specific details including, physical and health hazards, safety proce-
dures, and emergency response techniques.
2. Protective clothing such as rubber gloves, goggles, coveralls and
respirator must be worn while handling chemicals. All protective
clothing should be kept in excellent condition and cleaned regularly
or discarded.
3. If chemicals come in contact with any exposed skin areas, wash im-
mediately with clean water and detergent.Never place nozzle tips or
any other components that have been exposed to chemicals to lips
to blow out obstructions.Use a soft brush to clean spray nozzles.
4. Dedicate an area to fill, flush, calibrate and decontaminate sprayer
where chemicals will not drift or run off to contaminate people, ani-
mals, vegetation, water supply, etc. Locate this area where there is
no chance of children coming in contact with this residue.
5. Decontaminate equipment used in mixing, transferring and applying
chemicals after use.Follow the instructions on the chemical label for
the correct procedure required.Wash spray residue from outside of
the sprayer to prevent corrosion.
6. Extreme care should be taken in measuring spray products. Powders
should be used in suitable sized packages or weighed accurately.
Liquids should be poured into a suitable graduated container. Keep
chemical containers low when pouring.Wear a filtered respirator
and let the wind blow away from you to avoid dust and/or splashes
contacting the skin or hair.
7. Store chemicals in a separate, plainly marked locked building.Keep
the chemical in its original container with the label intact.
8. Dispose all empty containers after rinsing in accordance with local
regulations & by-laws. Dispose of all unused chemicals and left over
fertilizer in an approved manner
9. Keep a first aid kit and fire extinguisher available at all times when
handling chemicals.

12 HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
2.4 Local Poison Information Center
If you live anywhere in the United States, the following toll free number
will connect you to your Local Poison Information Center.
PHONE NO. 1 - 8 0 0 - 2 2 2 - 1 2 2 2
IfyouliveoutsidetheUnitedStates,findthenumberforthepoisoncontrol
center in your phone book and write it in the space below:
PHONE NO. _________ - _________ - _____________
Keep a list, in the space provided below, of all the chemicals that you
have in use.
1. __________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________
5. __________________________________________________
6. __________________________________________________
7. __________________________________________________
8. __________________________________________________
9. __________________________________________________
10. __________________________________________________

13HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
3.0 HOOKING UPTHE SPRAYER
WARNING: MAKE SURE THAT YOUR TRACTOR HAS SUFFICIENT
HORSEPOWER, BRAKING ABILITY AND CARRYING
CAPACITYTO SAFELY CONTROLTHE TRACTORWITH
THE SPRAYER MOUNTED.
Check your tractor operator's manual for 3 point lifting capacity (See
section 10.1 for approximate weight of your N-series model sprayer
and section 10.2 for minimum tractor power requirements).
1. Attach lower lift arms.
2. Attach P.T.O. shaft (See sections 3.1 and 3.2).
3. Attach top link.
IMPORTANT: Make absolutely sure that the correct 3 point hitch
pins are used and that they are securely installed.
4. Raise sprayer from ground and adjust 3 point linkage so that tank is
level in the raised position (ensure that the sprayer tank is level from
side to side as well as front to back).
5. Also follow these general recommendations:
• Increase tire pressure if necessary (refer to tractor operator's
manual) to compensate for the added weight.
• Make sure that no parts of the sprayer come into contact with the
tractor.
• Be careful when filling the sprayer for the first time.
• Travel at slower speeds when driving with a full tank.

14 HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
3.1 P.T.O. Shaft Operator Safety
WARNING: ALWAYS STOP ENGINE BEFORE ATTACHINGTHE
TRANSMISSION SHAFTTOTRACTOR P.T.O. - MOST
TRACTOR P.T.O. SHAFTS CAN BE ROTATED BY HAND
TO FACILITATE SPLINE ALIGNMENT,WHEN ENGINE
IS STOPPED.
When attaching the shaft, make sure that the snap lock is FULLY
ENGAGED - push and pull shaft until it locks.
WARNING: ROTATINGTRANSMISSION SHAFTS WITHOUT
PROTECTION GUARDS ARE FATAL.
Always keep protection guards and chains intact and make sure that
it covers all rotating parts, including CV-joints at each end of the shaft.
Do not use without protection guard.
Do not touch or stand on the transmission shaft when it is rotating
- safety distance: min 5' (1.5 meters).
Prevent protection guards from rotating by attaching the chains,
allowing sufficient slack for turns.
Make sure that protection guards around tractor P.T.O. and implement
shaft are intact. Check every 40 hours.
Always STOP ENGINE and remove the ignition key before carrying out
maintenance or repairs to the transmission shaft or implement.
3.2 Installation Of P.T.O. Shaft
WARNING: THE P.T.O. SHAFT ANGLEWILL CHANGE WHEN
RAISING AND LOWERINGTHE 3 POINT LINKAGE.
TO PREVENT EXCESSIVE LOADING AND BINDING
ONTHE P.T.O. SHAFT, IT MAY BE ADVISABLETO
LEAVETHE P.T.O. SHAFT DISCONNECTED UNTIL
THIS OPERATION IS COMPLETED.THEN P.T.O. SHAFT
ADJUSTMENTS CAN BE MADE.
Initial installation of the shaft is done as follows:
1. Attach sprayer to tractor and set sprayer in the position with shortest
distance between the tractor and sprayer pump P.T.O. shafts.
2. Stop engine and remove ignition key.

15HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
3.2 Installation Of P.T.O. Shaft (continued)
3. If P.T.O. shaft must be shortened, pull the shaft apart. Fit the two
shaft parts at tractor and sprayer pump and measure how much it is
necessary to shorten the shaft. Mark the protection guards.
Note: The shaft must always have a minimum overlap of 6" (150 mm)
(Fig. 3).
4. Shorten the two parts equally. Use a saw, and file the profiles
afterwards to remove burrs (Fig.4).
5. Grease the profiles, and reassemble the male and female parts.
6. Fit the shaft to tractor and sprayer pump.
Note: Female part towards tractor. Fit the chains to prevent the
protection guards from r
otating with the shaft.
7.To ensure long life of the P.T.O.shaft, try to avoid working angles
greater than 15° (Fig.5).
min. 3/4" (20mm)
Fig. 4
Fig. 3
min. 3/4" (20mm)
min. 6" (150mm)
Fig. 5

16 HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
3.3 Power Supply (electric controls only)
A 12 Volt DC power supply is required to operate the electrical boom
distribution valve solenoids (Fig. 6). Connect the power supply wiring
harness as follows:
Red wire to positive (+) and Black wire to negative (-).
IMPORTANT: Do not connect to the starter motor or generator/alterna-
tor.Warranty is void if this is done.
The power supply wiring harness is equipped with a 7.5 Amp inline
fuse to protect the control box.
Fig. 6
DISTRIBUTIONVALVE SOLENOIDS

17HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
3.4 Control box (electric controls only)
The HARDI®N-series 3-PT sprayer equipped with electric controls
uses an electrical control box for master on/off control and individual
boom section on/off control. An optional rate controller box is also
available.
1. Mount the control box in a convenient location near the operator.
2. Route the power supply (installed in section 3.3) to the small plug on
the control box.
3. Route the main wiring harness from the sprayer to the large plug on
the control box.
Fig. 7

18 HARDI®N-SERIES 3-PT SPRAYER DIAPHRAGM OPERATOR'S MANUAL
4.0 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
4.1 FillingThe MainTank (all models)
Water is filled into the tank by removing the tank lid located at the
center of sprayer tank.It is recommended to use water as clean as
possible for spraying purposes. Fill water through the strainer basket
(optional) to prevent foreign particles from entering the tank.
WARNING: DO NOT LETTHE FILLING HOSE ENTERTHETANK.
KEEP IT OUTSIDETHETANK, POINTINGTOWARDS
THE FILLING HOLE (FIG. 8). IFTHE END OFTHE
HOSE IS BENEATHTHE SURFACE OFTHE
TANK CONTENTS ANDTHE WATER SUPPLY
STOPS, CHEMICALS
MAY BE SIPHONED
BACK AND CONTAMI-
NATETHE WATER
SUPPLY SOURCE
AND LINES.
4.2 FillingThe Clean WaterTank (optional)
Unscrew the clean water tank lid and fill with clean water only.
IMPORTANT: The water from this tank is only for hand washing,
cleaning blocked nozzles, etc.
WARNING: ALTHOUGHTHE HANDWASHTANK IS
ONLY FILLED WITH CLEAN WATER,
THEWATER MUST NEVER BE USED
FOR DRINKING, DUETOTHE SMALL
RISK OF CONTAMINATIONWHILE
FILLING, ETC.
Fig. 8
Fig. 9