Hawk Sultan Flow Series User manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL
SULTAN FLOW
Acoustic Wave Technology
A higher level of performance
DRAFT

Sultan Flow Series MANUAL
Draft 1.2, Mar 2009
2
3
PROPRIETARY NOTICE
The information contained in this publication
is derived in part from proprietary and patent
data. This information has been prepared for
the express purpose of assisting operating
and maintenance personnel in the efcient
use of the instrument described herein.
Publication of this information does not convey
any rights to use or reproduce it, or to use for
any purpose other than in connection with the
installation, operation and maintenance of the
equipment described herein.
WARNING
This instrument contains electronic
components that are susceptible to damage
by static electricity. Proper handling
procedures must be observed during the
removal, installation, or handling or internal
circuit boards or devices.
Handling Procedure:
1. Power to unit must be removed.
2. Personnel must be grounded, via wrist
strap or other safe, suitable means, before
any printed circuit board or other internal
devices is installed, removed or adjusted.
3. Printed circuit boards must be transported
in a conductive bag or other conductive
container. Boards must not be removed
from protective enclosure until the
immediate time of installation. Removed
boards must be placed immediately in a
protective container for transport, storage,
or return to factory.
Comments:
This instrument is not unique in its content
of ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive
components. Most modern electronic designs
contain components that utilize metal oxide
technology (NMOS, CMOS, etc.). Experience
has proven that even small amounts of static
electricity can damage or destroy these
devices. Damaged components, even though
they appear to function properly, exhibit early
failure.
Features
Principle of Operation 3
Open Channel Flow Principles 4
Flow Measuring Device Selection 5
Exponential Devices 6
Installation Guide 7
- Amplier
- Blanking Distance
- Point of measurement 8
Typical Application 10
Calculations & drawings
- Absolute & Ratiometric 11
- BS3680 umes 12
- BS3680 U-throated umes 14
- BS3680 rectangular weirs 15
- BS3680 thin plate weir 17
- Velocity area 19
- Rectangular channel 20
- Trapezoidal 21
- Round pipe 22
- Special devices 23
Unit Software
- Diagnostics 25
- Quickset 26
- Output adjustment 27
- Relay modes 29
- Flow types 30
- TX Setup 32
Flow calculation method 33
Flow table entry method 34
Totaliser mode 37
Reset mode 39
Part Numbering 52
PATENT PENDING
INTRODUCTION CONTENTS
2

2
3
Sultan Flow Series MANUAL
Draft 1.2, Mar 2009
• Optimized frequency selections to suit
the application environment
• Capable of monitoring liquid ow under
the most difcult conditions
• Real time diagnostic display
• Flexible, multi point or calculated scal-
ing of display and outputs
• Suits a broad range of umes, wiers
and ow control structures
• Programmable, resettable totalizer
• Programmable pulse per ow output
• Programmable failsafe mode
• Fast acting temperature compensation
• GSM/CMDA remote setup options/cong
• Wide range of communications:
Devicenet, Goshawk, HART, Modbus,
Probus (Fieldbus & Probus PA pend-
ing)
PRINCIPLE of OPERATION FEATURES
The Sultan Flow measurement system
operates by transmitting an acoustic
wave signal from the transducer
towards the liquid being monitored. The
reected signal or echo is received by
the transducer and processed by the
amplier. The time between transmission
of the signal and reception of the echo
is measured, and using the speed of
sound through air, the distance from the
transducer to the liquid being monitored
is calculated.
The Sultan Flow system uses
sophisticated software to locate and
track the correct echo without being
affected by echos from xed objects
or changes in the liquid surface. When
the liquid level or surface conditions
change, the system adopts preselected
signal tracking parameters. In the event
of a total loss of signal, the system
adopts pre selected signal recovery
routines to relocate the correct liquid
level. The system employs automatic
gain control to compensate for changes
in echo amplitude due to changes in
environmental conditions. The system
has continuous current, voltage and
relay outputs. These outputs can be
programmed for fail safe conditions in
the event of a loss of signal or system
malfunction. The factory settings
are based on years of experience in
acoustically difcult applications. This
typically means that the system can
be installed and made operational in a
minimum of time.

Sultan Flow Series MANUAL
Draft 1.2, Mar 2009
4
5
OPEN CHANNEL FLOW MEASUREMENT PRINCIPLES
Obstructions in channel cause rise in
level
An obstruction in a channel represents
a reduction of the cross-section of the
channel. Since practical liquids are es-
sentially incompressible, the volume of
liquid owing past an obstruction must
equal the volume owing towards it. It
follows that the liquid must divert around
the obstruction
If a barrier to ow is installed across the
bottom of a channel, the liquid level rises
as it ows over it - this leads to the use
of the weir in open-channel ow meas-
urement. If the cross-sectional area of a
channel is reduced, the liquid level must
rise as it ows past - this leads to the
ume.
Surface of liquid
Flow
Weir
Rise above weir
increases with
flow volume
Figure 1.
The height of the liquid surface above
the Weir is called the Flow Head (h). The
head is known to be related to the Vol-
ume Flowrate(q), allowing the owrate to
be calculated from measurement of the
head. The formula is of me form:
where the exponent α is typically about
1.5 and the constant k depends upon the
channel and weir dimensions.
Different shapes of weir have been
developed to provide improved accuracy
under different conditions, but the prin-
ciple is the same for all. These various
weirs have different exponents, but most
within the range of 1.3 to 1.7.
Flumes, in which the channel width is
narrowed have become preferred for
accuracy and robustness (eg. self scrub-
bing). Many ume proles have been de-
veloped, each having its advantages and
disadvantages for a given application.
A similar exponential relationship ex-
istsbetween head and owrate in these
umes,and each type has a different
exponent,commonly in the range of 1.3
to 1.8.
q = kh
α

4
5
Sultan Flow Series MANUAL
Draft 1.2, Mar 2009
There are several exponential types of
ow measuring devices. They are:
- BS3680 umes - BS3680 Weirs
- Area Velocity - Velocity
- Special - Universal
- Linear - Curved
Flow calculations can be performed using
either absolute or ratiometric methods.
The end result will be the same, the
choice of calculation method is limited ac-
cording amount of information available,
with regards to the primary measuring
device.
Ratiometric
For ratiometric calculation it is normally
sufcient to know the maximum ow at
maximum head for the device in question.
All types of primary measuring devices
can be set up with a choice of alarms.
Exponential
If you want to set-up a basic exponential
device, you then need to select the pri-
mary measuring device for your applica-
tion from the following available options:
suppressed rectangular weir, cipolletti
(trapezoidal) weir, venturi ume, parshall
ume, leopold lagco ume, V notch weir
or other, for any other type of exponential
device.
BS3680 Flume
To set-up an application for a BS3680
ume, you then need to select the pri-
mary measuring device for your applica-
tion from the following available options:
rectangular ume with or without hump,
U-throated ume with or without hump.
FLOW MEASURING DEVICE SELECTION
BS3680 Weir
To set-up an application for a BS3680
weir, you then need to select the primary
measuring device for your application
from the following available options:
rectangular weir, V notch 90 degree, V
notch 53 degree 8 minutes or a Vnotch
28 degree 4 minutes.
Area Velocity
To setup an application for area veloc-
ity, you then need to select the primary
measuring device for your application
from the following available options:
U-channel (circular bottom with straight
sides), rectangular channel, trapezoidal-
channel or a round pipe.
Special Flow Device
To set-up an application for a special
device, you then need to select the pri-
mary measuring device for your applica-
tion from the following available options:
palmer bowlus ume, H-ume or a non
BS3680 V-notch.
Universal Device
For devices which do not match any of
the above devices the application can
be setup using a universal ow calcula-
tion, to select this option choose 6. You
then need to select the primary measur-
ing device for your application from the
following available options: linear ow or
curved ow.
Linear Flow
Curved Flow

Sultan Flow Series MANUAL
Draft 1.2, Mar 2009
6
7
EXPONENTIAL DEVICES
If the primary measuring device is a simple exponential device then an exponent value
is required.
Typical Exponent Values are shown below:
Suppressed
Rectangular
Weir
Flow Type
Cipolletti
(Trapezoidal)
Weir
Parshall Flume
Venturi Flume
Leopold Lagco
Flume
V-Notch Weir
Other
1.50
1.50
1.50
Default = 1.55
but value can be
set as required
1.55
2.50
Value to be set
as required
Exponent

6
7
Sultan Flow Series MANUAL
Draft 1.2, Mar 2009
AMPLIFIER
Select a suitable mounting position that
is not in direct sunlight. If necessary, uti-
lize a sunshade. Observe the minimum
and maximum temperature limits (c-f).
Do not mount near sources of high
E.M.F. such as high current cables,
motor starters, or S.C.R. variable speed
drives.
Avoid mounting in high vibration areas
such as handrails and rotating plant. Use
rubber absorption mounts if mounting in
light vibration areas.
INSTALLATION GUIDE
Blanking distance (450mm)
Example 20kHz flow transducer above trapezoidal weir
(not to scale)
Transducer face
+100% (total 900mm)
BLANKING DISTANCE
The blanking distance is the distance
prior to the minimum measureable
distance from the face of the transducer.
When the transducer pulses it vibrates
the transducer face which can create &
detect unwanted echoes. As a result the
internal software creates a ‘blank’ zone
approximately 250-450mm (depending
on the transducers power) from the face
of the transducer.
As a result the transducer face must al-
ways be mounted a minimum the blank-
ing distance away from the liquid. Ideally
the blanking distance + 50-100% of this
distance (eg, for a 20kHz with a 450mm
blanking distance we would recommend
700-1000mm between the transducer
face and the liquid).

Sultan Flow Series MANUAL
Draft 1.2, Mar 2009
8
9
TRANSDUCER POINT OF MEASUREMENT
Positioning Of Sensor
For Suppressed Rectangular,Trapezoidal and V-notch weirs, the head is measured
upstream at a minimum distance of 3 times maximum head from the weir plate to en-
sure the surface of the liquid is not affected by turbulence or draw down. (See DRWG.
1)
FLOW (q)
3 x HMAX
minimum
DRWG 1
FLOW (q)
150mm
DRWG 2 Venturi Flume
FLOW (q)
L
DRWG 3 Parshall Flume
2/3L
Transducer
In the case of a Venturi ume the point of measurement should be 150 mm upstream
from the beginning of the converging section and for a Parshall ume 2/3 the length of
the converging section upstream of the throatsection. See DRWG 2 and 3 )

8
9
Sultan Flow Series MANUAL
Draft 1.2, Mar 2009
TRANSDUCER POINT OF MEASUREMENT
For a Leopald Lagco ume the head is measured at a point upstream of the begin-
ning of the converging section as detailed in the table below. (See DRWG 4 )
When any other device is chosen please consult the manufacturer of the device for de-
tails of where the point of measurement should be located but ensure that it is chosen
such that the surface of the liquid is not effected by turbulence or drawdown.
100 - 305 4 - 12 25 1.0
380 15 32 1.3
455 18 38 1.5
530 21 44 1.8
610 24 51 2.1
760 30 64 2.5
915 36 76 3.0
1065 42 89 3.5
1220 48 102 4.0
1370 54 114 4.5
1520 60 127 5.0
1675 66 140 5.5
1830 72 152 6.0
FLOW
DRWG 4
Transducer mounted
minimum blanking distance
above max. head
Point of
measurement Throat
Converging Diverging
Flume Size
mm inches
Point of Measurement
mm inches

Sultan Flow Series MANUAL
Draft 1.2, Mar 2009
10
11
TYPICAL APPLICATION EXAMPLE
Transducer mounted minimum
blanking distance above max
head
+50% of this distance
Typical Exponential Device - Trapezoidal weir