HP 83480A User manual

User's Guide
HP 83480A Analyzer
,
HP 54750A Oscilloscope

HP Part No. 83480-90027
Printed in USA September 1997
Hewlett-Packard Company
Lightwave Operations
1400 Fountaingrove Parkway
Santa Rosa, CA
95403-1799, USA
[phone]
Notice. The information contained in this document is subject to change
without notice
.Hewlett-P
ackard makes no warranty of any kind with regard
to this material, including but not limited to
,the implied warranties of
merchantability and tness for aparticular purpose
.Hewlett-P
ackard shall
not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential
damages in connection with the furnishing, performance
,or use of this
material.
Restricted Rights Legend.
Use
,duplication, or disclosure by the U
.S
.
Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) (1) (ii)
of the Rights in T
echnical Data and Computer Software clause at DF
ARS
252.227-7013 for DOD agencies
,and subparagraphs (c) (1) and (c) (2) of the
Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19 for
other agencies
.
Regulatory Information.
The front matter of this book contains regulatory
information.
c
 Copyright Hewlett-P
ackard Company 1997
All Rights Reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior
written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws.

Safety Symbols
The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual. Familiarize
yourself with each of the symbols and its meaning before operating this
instrument.
CAUTION
The caution sign denotes a hazard to the instrument. It calls attention to a
procedure which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in
damage to or destruction of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution
sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
WARNING
The
warning
sign denotes alife-threatening hazard. It calls attention to a
procedure which, if not correctly performed or adhered to
, could result
in injury or loss of life
.Do not proceed beyond a
warning
sign until the
indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
Instruction
Manual
L
The
instruction manual
symbol. The product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary
for the user to refer to the instructions in the manual.
CE
The
CE
mark is aregistered trademark of the European Community (if accompanied b
yayear
,
it's when the design was proven).
ISM 1-A This is a symbol of an Industrial Scientic and Medical Group 1 Class A product.
The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards Association.
j The line power on symbol.
 The line power o symbol.
iii

General Safety Considerations
WARNING
Before this instrument is switched on , make sure it has been properly
grounded through the protective conductor of the ac power cable to a
socket outlet provided with protective earth contact.
Any interruption of the protective (grounding) conductor, inside or
outside the instrument, or disconnection of the protective earth terminal
can result in personal injury.
WARNING
There are many points in the instrument which can, if contacted, cause
personal injury
.Be
extremely careful.
Any adjustments or service procedures that require operation of the
instrument with protective covers removed should be performed only by
trained service personnel.
WARNING
If this instrument is not used as specied, the protection provided by the
equipment could be impaired. This instrument must be used in anormal
condition (in which all means for protection are intact) only
.
WARNING
F
or continued protection against re hazard, replace line fuse only with
same type and ratings (type nA/nV). The use of other fuses or materials is
prohibited.
WARNING
The power cord is connected to internal capacitors that may remain live
for 5 seconds after disconnecting the plug from its power supply
.
CAUTION
Before this instrument is switched on, make sure its primary power circuitry
has been adapted to the voltage of the ac power source.
Failure to set the ac power input to the correct voltage could cause damage to
the instrument when the ac power cable is plugged in.
CAUTION
This is aSafety Class 1Product (provided with aprotective earthing ground
incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall only be inserted in a
socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact. Any interruption of
the protective conductor inside or outside of the instrument is likely to make
the instrument dangerous
. Intentional interruption is prohibited.
iv

CAUTION
Always use the three-prong ac power cord supplied with this instrument.
Failure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not using this cord may cause
instrument damage.
CAUTION
This instrument is designed for use in INSTALLATION CATEGORY II and
POLLUTION DEGREE 2 per IEC 1010 and 664 respectively.
CAUTION
Ventilation requirements: When installing the instrument in a cabinet,
the convection into and out of the instrument must not be restricted. The
ambient temperature (outside the cabinet) must be less than the maximum
operating temperature of the instrument by 4

C for every 100 watts
dissipated in the cabinet. If the total power dissipated in the cabinet is
greater than 800 watts
,thenforced convection must be used.
CAUTION
The input circuits can be damaged by electrostatic discharge (ESD). Repair
of damage due to misuse is
not
covered under warranty
.Therefore
,avoid
applying static discharges to the front-panel input connectors
.Before
connecting any coaxial cable to the connectors
,momentarily short the center
and outer conductors of the cable together
.A
void touching the front-panel
input connectors without rst touching the frame of the instrument. Be sure
the instrument is properly earth-grounded to prevent buildup of static charge
.
The electrical ports of plug-in modules
,used with the HP 83480A and
HP 54750A,arevery sensitive to electrostatic discharge
.
NOTE
This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC Publication 1010.1, and has been
supplied in a safe condition. The instruction documentation contains information and warnings which
must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument in a safe
condition.
v

NOTE
Clean the cabinet using a damp cloth only.
vi

X-Ray Radiation Notice
vii

Declaration of Conformity
viii

Additional Information The following table lists additional performance information for the EMC
product specications listed in the Declaration of Conformity .
EMC Product Specication Performance Code
IEC 801-2:1991 /EN 50082-1 (1992): 4kV CD,8kVAD PASS - Temporary degradation, self-recoverable.
IEC 801-3:1984 /EN 50082-1 (1992); 3 V/m, (1 kHz 80%
AM, 27-1000 MHz)
PASS - Temporary degradation, self-recoverable.
IEC 801-4:1988 /EN 50082-1 (1992): 0.5 kV Sig Lines, 1kV
Power Lines
PASS - Normal operation, no eect.
ix

Typeface Conventions
4
Front-Panel Key
5 This represents a key physically located on the instrument.
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
Softkey
This indicates a \softkey," a key whose label is determined
by the rmware of the instrument.
Screen Text This indicates text displayed on the instrument's screen.
WARNING
This symbol will appear along with bold print to highlight a warning.
CAUTION
This symbol will appear when special care is required.
x

Certication
Hewlett-Packard Company certies that this product met its published
specications at the time of shipment from the factory.Hewlett-Packard
further certies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United
States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed
by the Institute's calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other
International Standards Organization members.
xi

Warranty
This Hewlett-Packard instrument product is warranted against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of one year from date of shipment.
During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard Company will, at its option,
either repair or replace products which prove to be defective.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service
facility designated by Hewlett-Packard. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges
to Hewlett-Packard and Hewlett-Packard shall pay shipping charges to return
the product to Buyer
.However
,Buyer shall pay all shipping charges
,duties
,
and taxes for products returned to Hewlett-Packard from another country
.
Hewlett-Packard warrants that its software and rmware designated by
Hewlett-P
ackard for use with an instrument will execute its programming
instructions when properly installed on that instrument. Hewlett-P
ackard
does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or software
,or
rmware will be uninterrupted or error-free
.
Limit
a
tion of W
arranty
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper
or inadequate maintenance by Buyer
,Buyer-supplied software or
interfacing, unauthorized modication or misuse
,operation outside of the
environmental specications for the product, or improper site preparation
or maintenance
.
NO OTHER W
ARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
.HEWLETT-P
A
CKARD
SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Exclusive Remedies
THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE
REMEDIES
.HEWLETT-P
A
CKARD SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY
DIRECT
,INDIRECT
,SPECIAL, INCIDENT
AL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
D
AMA
GES
,WHETHER B
ASED ON CONTRACT
,TORT
,OR ANY OTHER
LEGAL THEORY
.
xii

Assistance
Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements
are available for Hewlett-Packard products.
For any assistance, contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service
Oce.
When an instrument is returned to a Hewlett-Packard service oce for
servicing, it must be adequately packaged and have a complete description of
the failure symptoms attached.
When describing the failure
, please be as specic as possible about the nature
of the problem. Include copies of additional failure information (such as
instrument failure settings, data related to instrument failure
,and error
messages) along with the instrument being returned.
Please notify the service oce before returning your instrument for service
.
Any special arrangements for the instrument can be discussed at this time
.
This will help the HP service oce repair and return your instrument as
quickly as possible
.
The original shipping containers should be used. If the original materials
were not retained, identical packaging materials are available through any
Hewlett-P
ackard oce
.
CAUTION
Instrument damage can result from using packaging materials other than the
original materials. Never use styrene pellets as packaging material. They
do not adequately cushion the instrument or prevent it from shifting in
the carton. They may also cause instrument damage by generating static
electricity.
xiii

Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Oces
U.S. FIELD OPERATIONS
Headquarters
Hewlett-Packard Company
19320 Pruneridge Avenue
Cupertino, CA 95014 U.S.A.
[phone]
California, Northern
Hewlett-Packard Company
301 East Evelyn
Mountain View, CA 94041
[phone]
California, Southern
Hewlett-Packard Company
1421 South Manhatten Ave.
Fullerton, CA 92631
[phone]
Colorado
Hewlett-Packard Company
24 Inverness Place, East
Englewood, CO 80112
[phone]
Georgia
Hewlett-Packard Company
2000 South Park Place
Atlanta, GA 30339
[phone]
Illinois
Hewlett-Packard Company
5201 Tollview Drive
Rolling Meadows, IL 60008
[phone]
New Jersey
Hewlett-P
ackard Compan
y
150 Green P
ond Road
Rockawa
y
,NJ 07866
[phone]
T
exas
Hewlett-P
ackard Compan
y
930 East Campbell Road
Richardson, TX 75081
[phone]
EUROPEAN FIELD OPERA
TIONS
Headquarters
Hewlett-P
ackard S.A.
150, Route du Nant-d'A
vril
1217 Me
yrin 2/Geneva
Switzerland
(41 22) 780.8111
France
Hewlett-P
ackard France
1A
venue Du Canada
Zone D'Activite De Courtaboeuf
F-91947 L
es Ulis Cedex
France
(33 1) 69 82 60 60
Germany
Hewlett-P
ackard GmbH
Hewlett-Packard Strasse
61352 Bad Homburg
German
y
([phone]
Great Britain
Hewlett-Packard Ltd.
Eskdale Road, Winnersh Triangle
Wokingham, Berkshire RG11 5DZ
xiv

Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Oces (continued)
INTERCON FIELD OPERATIONS
Headquarters
Hewlett-Packard Company
3495 Deer Creek Rd.
Palo Alto, California 94304-1316
[phone]
Australia
Hewlett-Packard Australia Ltd.
31-41 Joseph Street
Blackburn, Victoria 3130
(61 3) 895-2895
Canada
Hewlett-Packard Ltd.
17500 South Service Road
Trans-Canada Highway
Kirkland, Quebec H9J 2X8
Canada
[phone]
China
China Hewlett-Packard Company
38 Bei San Huan X1 Road
Shuang Y
uShu
Hai Dian District
Beijing, China
(86 1) 256-6888
Japan
Yokogawa-Hewlett-Packard Ltd.
1-27-15 Yabe
, Sagamihara
Kanagawa 229, Japan
(81 427) 59-1311
Singapore
Hewlett-Packard Singapore Ltd.
Pte
. Ltd.
Alexandra P
.O
.Box 87
Singapore 9115
(65) 271-9444
T
aiwan
Hewlett-P
ackard T
aiwan
8th Floor, H-P Building
337 Fu Hsing North Road
T
aipei, T
aiwan
(886 2) 712-0404
xv

Electrostatic Discharge Information
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage or destroy electronic components.
All work on electronic assemblies should be performed at a static-safe work
station. Figure 0-1 shows an example of a static-safe work station using two
types of ESD protection:
 Conductive table-mat and wrist-strap combination.
 Conductive oor-mat and heel-strap combination.
Both types
,when used together
,provide asignicant level of ESD protection.
Of the two, only the table-mat and wrist-strap combination provides adequate
ESD protection when used alone.
T
oensure user safety, the static-safe accessories must provide at least 1M
of isolation from ground. Refer to T
able 0-1 for information on ordering
static-safe accessories
.
WARNING
These techniques for astatic-safe work station should not be used when
working on circuitry with avoltage potential greater than 500 volts
.
xvi

Figure 0-1. Example of astatic-safe work station.
xvii

Reducing ESD Damage The following suggestions may help reduce ESD damage that occurs during
testing and servicing operations.
 Personnel should be grounded with a resistor-isolated wrist strap before
removing any assembly from the unit.
 Be sure all instruments are properly earth-grounded to prevent a buildup of
static charge.
Table 0-1 lists static-safe accessories that can be obtained from
Hewlett-Packard using the HP part numbers shown.
Table 0-1. Static-Safe Accessories
HP Part
Number
Description
9300-0797 Set includes: 3M static control mat 0.6 m
2
1.2 m(2 ft
2
4ft) and 4.6 cm (15 ft) ground
wire
.(The wrist-strap and wrist-strap cord are not included. They must be ordered separately
.)
9300-0980 Wrist-strap cord 1.5 m(5 ft)
9300-1383 Wrist-strap
,color black, stainless steel, without cord, has four adjustable links and a 7mm
post-type connection.
9300-1169 ESD heel-strap (reusable 6to 12 months).
xviii

Lightwave Connector Care
CAUTION
Improper connector care, cleaning, or use of mismatched cable connectors
can invalidate the published specications and damage connectors. Clean all
cables before applying to any connector. Repair of damaged connectors due to
improper use is not covered under warranty.
Introduction Lightwave cable interfaces can be damaged by improper cleaning and
connection procedures. Dirty or damaged lightwave interfaces can result in
nonrepeatable or inaccurate measurements
.This chapter will suggest some
best practices to clean, care for
,connect, and inspect lightwave connectors.
Lightwave connectors
are used to connect two ber ends together
.These
connections may be used to join cables between optical ports on devices
,laser
sources
,receivers
,patch panels
,terminals and many other types of systems
or components
.
Fiber optic cables
are used at dierent wavelengths
,in single or multimode
,
and in dierent environments
.There are avariety of sizes
,core/cladding
combinations
,jackets, and indexes of refraction. In general, dierent types
of cables do not work well together
.Cables should match each other and the
system.
However
,regardless of the cable type
,the connectors have only one function:
to provide adirect and low-loss optical signal transition from one ber end
to another
.When these connectors are used in a measurement system,
repeatability becomes an important factor.
Lightwave connectors dier from electrical or microwave system
connectors. In a ber optic system, light is transmitted through an extremely
small ber core. Because ber cores are often 62.5 microns (0.0625 mm) or
less in diameter, and dust particles range from tenths of a micron to several
microns in diameter, dust and very minute contamination on the end of the
ber core can degrade the performance of the connector interface (where the
two cores meet). Therefore
, the connector must be precisely aligned and the
connector interface free of trapped foreign material.
Connector (or insertion) loss is one important performance characteristic
of a lightwave connector
. Typical values are less than 1 dB of loss
,and
sometimes as little as 0.1 dB of loss with high performance connectors
.
xix

Return loss is another important factor. It is a measure of reection. The less
reection the better, (the larger the return loss, the smaller the reection).
The best physically contacting connectors have return losses better than
50 dB, although 30 to 40 dB is more common.
Causes of connector loss and reections include core misalignment,
dierences in the numerical aperture of two bers, spacing and air gaps,
reections caused by damaged, worn, or loose ber ends, and the improper
use and removal of index matching compounds.
Achieving the best possible connection, where the ber end faces are ush
(no air gap) and properly aligned, depends on two things:
1. the type of connector
2. using the proper cleaning and connecting techniques
.If the connection is
lossy or reective
,light will not make asmooth transition. If the transition
is not smooth or the connection is not repeatable
,measurement data will
be less accurate
.F
or this reason, lightwave connections can make acritical
dierence in optical measurement systems
.
xx