HP 438031-B21 - 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch User guide

HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch for c-Class
BladeSystem
Application Guide
Part number: 445881-001
First edition: April 2007

2
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Contents
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Contents
Accessing the switch
Introduction........................................................................................................................................... 9
Additional references ........................................................................................................................... 10
Typographical conventions.................................................................................................................... 10
Management Network.......................................................................................................................... 10
Connecting through the console port.................................................................................................. 11
Connecting through Telnet................................................................................................................ 11
Connecting through Secure Shell....................................................................................................... 11
Using the command line interfaces ......................................................................................................... 12
Configuring an IP interface............................................................................................................... 12
Using the Browser-based Interface.......................................................................................................... 13
Using Simple Network Management Protocol .......................................................................................... 14
SNMP v1.0.................................................................................................................................... 14
SNMP v3.0.................................................................................................................................... 14
Default configuration ....................................................................................................................... 14
User configuration........................................................................................................................... 15
View based configurations ............................................................................................................... 16
CLI user equivalent..................................................................................................................... 16
CLI oper equivalent .................................................................................................................... 17
Configuring SNMP trap hosts ........................................................................................................... 17
SNMPv1 trap host...................................................................................................................... 17
SNMPv2 trap host configuration ....................................................................................................... 19
SNMPv3 trap host configuration ....................................................................................................... 19
Secure access to the switch ................................................................................................................... 20
Setting allowable source IP address ranges ........................................................................................ 20
Configuring an IP address range for the management network ........................................................ 21
RADIUS authentication and authorization........................................................................................... 21
How RADIUS authentication works............................................................................................... 21
Configuring RADIUS on the switch (CLI example) ........................................................................... 22
Configuring RADIUS on the switch (BBI example) ........................................................................... 23
RADIUS authentication features.................................................................................................... 24
User accounts for RADIUS users ................................................................................................... 24
RADIUS attributes for user privileges............................................................................................. 25
TACACS+ authentication ...................................................................................................................... 25
How TACACS+ authentication works................................................................................................. 26
TACACS+ authentication features ..................................................................................................... 26
Authorization.................................................................................................................................. 26
Accounting..................................................................................................................................... 27
Configuring TACACS+ authentication on the switch (CLI example) ....................................................... 28
Configuring TACACS+ authentication on the switch (BBI example) ....................................................... 29
Secure Shell and Secure Copy............................................................................................................... 30
Configuring SSH and SCP features (CLI example)........................................................................... 31
Using SSH and SCP client commands........................................................................................... 32
SSH and SCP encryption of management messages ....................................................................... 33
Generating RSA host and server keys for SSH access ..................................................................... 33
SSH/SCP integration with RADIUS and TACACS+ authentication..................................................... 34

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User access control .............................................................................................................................. 34
Setting up user IDs .......................................................................................................................... 35
Ports and trunking
Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 36
Ports on the switch ............................................................................................................................... 36
Port trunk groups.................................................................................................................................. 37
Statistical load distribution................................................................................................................ 37
Built-in fault tolerance....................................................................................................................... 37
Before you configure trunks ................................................................................................................... 38
Trunk group configuration rules.............................................................................................................. 38
Port trunking example........................................................................................................................... 39
Configuring trunk groups (CLI example) ............................................................................................. 40
Configuring trunk groups (BBI example) ............................................................................................. 41
Configurable Trunk Hash algorithm ........................................................................................................ 43
Link Aggregation Control Protocol.......................................................................................................... 44
Configuring LACP ........................................................................................................................... 45
Port-based Network Access and traffic control
Port-based Network Access control......................................................................................................... 46
Extensible authentication protocol over LAN ....................................................................................... 46
802.1x authentication process.......................................................................................................... 47
EAPoL Message Exchange ............................................................................................................... 47
802.1x port states........................................................................................................................... 48
Supported RADIUS attributes ............................................................................................................ 48
EAPoL configuration guidelines ......................................................................................................... 49
Port-based traffic control ....................................................................................................................... 50
Configuring port-based traffic control................................................................................................. 50
VLANs
Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 51
Overview............................................................................................................................................ 51
VLANs and port VLAN ID numbers......................................................................................................... 51
VLAN numbers ............................................................................................................................... 51
Viewing VLANs ......................................................................................................................... 52
PVID numbers ................................................................................................................................. 52
Viewing and configuring PVIDs......................................................................................................... 52
Port information ......................................................................................................................... 52
Port configuration....................................................................................................................... 52
VLAN tagging ..................................................................................................................................... 53
VLANs and IP interfaces........................................................................................................................ 56
VLAN topologies and design considerations............................................................................................ 56
VLAN configuration rules ................................................................................................................. 57
Multiple VLANS with tagging................................................................................................................. 57
Configuring the example network...................................................................................................... 59
Configuring ports and VLANs on Switch 1 (CLI example) ................................................................ 60
Configuring ports and VLANs on Switch 2 (CLI example) ................................................................ 61
Configuring ports and VLANs on Switch 1 (BBI example) ................................................................ 62
FDB static entries.................................................................................................................................. 65
Trunking support for FDB static entries................................................................................................ 65
Configuring a static FDB entry .......................................................................................................... 65
Spanning Tree Protocol

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Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 66
Overview............................................................................................................................................ 66
Bridge Protocol Data Units .................................................................................................................... 66
Determining the path for forwarding BPDUs........................................................................................ 67
Bridge priority ........................................................................................................................... 67
Port priority ............................................................................................................................... 67
Port path cost ............................................................................................................................ 67
Spanning Tree Group configuration guidelines ........................................................................................ 67
Default Spanning Tree configuration.................................................................................................. 67
Adding a VLAN to a Spanning Tree Group ........................................................................................ 68
Creating a VLAN ............................................................................................................................ 68
Rules for VLAN tagged ports............................................................................................................. 68
Adding and removing ports from STGs .............................................................................................. 68
Assigning cost to ports and trunk groups ............................................................................................ 69
Multiple Spanning Trees ....................................................................................................................... 69
Why do we need Multiple Spanning Trees? ....................................................................................... 70
VLAN participation in Spanning Tree Groups ..................................................................................... 71
Configuring Multiple Spanning Tree Groups.......................................................................................71
Configuring Switch 1 (CLI example) ............................................................................................. 71
Configuring Switch 2 (CLI example) ............................................................................................. 71
Configuring Switch 1 (BBI example) ............................................................................................. 72
Port Fast Forwarding ............................................................................................................................ 74
Configuring Port Fast Forwarding...................................................................................................... 74
Fast Uplink Convergence ...................................................................................................................... 74
Configuration guidelines .................................................................................................................. 74
Configuring Fast Uplink Convergence................................................................................................ 74
RSTP and MSTP
Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 75
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................ 75
Port state changes ........................................................................................................................... 75
Port type and link type..................................................................................................................... 76
Edge port.................................................................................................................................. 76
Link type ................................................................................................................................... 76
RSTP configuration guidelines ........................................................................................................... 76
RSTP configuration example ............................................................................................................. 76
Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree (CLI example) ............................................................................ 76
Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (BBI example)................................................................ 77
Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol............................................................................................................. 78
MSTP region................................................................................................................................... 78
Common Internal Spanning Tree ....................................................................................................... 78
MSTP configuration guidelines.......................................................................................................... 79
MSTP configuration example ............................................................................................................ 79
Configuring Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (CLI example)............................................................. 79
Configuring Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (BBI example)............................................................. 80
Quality of Service
Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 84
Overview............................................................................................................................................ 84
Using ACL filters .................................................................................................................................. 85
Summary of packet classifiers ........................................................................................................... 85
Summary of ACL actions .................................................................................................................. 87
Understanding ACL precedence........................................................................................................ 87

Contents
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Using ACL Groups ............................................................................................................................... 88
ACL Metering and Re-marking ............................................................................................................... 89
Metering........................................................................................................................................ 89
Re-marking..................................................................................................................................... 89
Viewing ACL statistics........................................................................................................................... 89
ACL configuration examples.................................................................................................................. 90
Configure Access Control Lists (CLI example) ...................................................................................... 90
Configure Access Control Lists and Groups (BBI example 1) ................................................................. 91
Using DSCP values to provide QoS ........................................................................................................ 95
Differentiated Services concepts........................................................................................................ 95
Per Hop Behavior............................................................................................................................ 95
QoS levels ..................................................................................................................................... 96
Using 802.1p priorities to provide QoS.................................................................................................. 96
802.1p configuration (CLI example) .................................................................................................. 98
802.1p configuration (BBI example).................................................................................................. 98
Queuing and scheduling..................................................................................................................... 103
Basic IP routing
IP routing benefits .............................................................................................................................. 104
Routing between IP subnets ................................................................................................................. 104
Example of subnet routing................................................................................................................... 107
Using VLANs to segregate broadcast domains.................................................................................. 108
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ................................................................................................... 109
DHCP relay agent ......................................................................................................................... 110
DHCP relay agent configuration...................................................................................................... 110
Routing Information Protocol
Distance vector protocol...................................................................................................................... 112
Stability ............................................................................................................................................ 112
Routing updates................................................................................................................................. 112
RIPv1................................................................................................................................................ 113
RIPv2................................................................................................................................................ 113
RIPv2 in RIPv1 compatibility mode........................................................................................................ 113
RIP Features....................................................................................................................................... 113
Poison ......................................................................................................................................... 113
Triggered updates......................................................................................................................... 113
Multicast...................................................................................................................................... 114
Default......................................................................................................................................... 114
Metric.......................................................................................................................................... 114
Authentication .............................................................................................................................. 114
RIP configuration example................................................................................................................... 115
IGMP Snooping
Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 116
Overview.......................................................................................................................................... 116
IGMPv3....................................................................................................................................... 117
FastLeave..................................................................................................................................... 117
IGMP Filtering .............................................................................................................................. 118
Configuring the range .............................................................................................................. 118
Configuring the action.............................................................................................................. 118
Static multicast router..................................................................................................................... 119
IGMP Snooping configuration example............................................................................................ 119

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Configuring IGMP Snooping (CLI example) ................................................................................. 119
Configuring IGMP Filtering (CLI example).................................................................................... 120
Configuring a Static Mrouter (CLI example) ................................................................................. 120
Configuring IGMP Snooping (BBI example) ................................................................................. 121
Configuring IGMP Filtering (BBI example) ................................................................................... 123
Configuring a Static Multicast Router (BBI example)...................................................................... 127
OSPF
OSPF overview.................................................................................................................................. 128
Types of OSPF areas ..................................................................................................................... 128
Types of OSPF routing devices........................................................................................................ 129
Neighbors and adjacencies ........................................................................................................... 130
Link-State Database ....................................................................................................................... 130
Shortest Path First Tree ................................................................................................................... 130
Internal versus external routing........................................................................................................ 131
OSPF implementation in HP 1:10GbE switch software ............................................................................ 131
Configurable parameters ............................................................................................................... 131
Defining areas.............................................................................................................................. 132
Assigning the area index .......................................................................................................... 132
Using the area ID to assign the OSPF area number ...................................................................... 133
Attaching an area to a network ................................................................................................. 133
Interface cost................................................................................................................................ 133
Electing the designated router and backup .......................................................................................134
Summarizing routes....................................................................................................................... 134
Default routes .................................................................................................................................... 134
Virtual links .................................................................................................................................. 135
Router ID...................................................................................................................................... 135
Authentication .............................................................................................................................. 136
Host routes for load balancing........................................................................................................ 137
OSPF features not supported in this release ...................................................................................... 138
OSPF configuration examples.............................................................................................................. 138
Example 1: Simple OSPF domain (CLI example)................................................................................ 138
Example 1: Simple OSPF domain (BBI example) .......................................................................... 139
Example 2: Virtual links ................................................................................................................. 147
Configuring OSPF for a virtual link on Switch A ........................................................................... 147
Configuring OSPF for a virtual link on Switch B.................................................................................148
Other Virtual Link Options......................................................................................................... 149
Example 3: Summarizing routes...................................................................................................... 149
Verifying OSPF configuration.......................................................................................................... 151
Remote monitoring
Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 152
Overview.......................................................................................................................................... 152
RMON group 1—statistics ............................................................................................................. 152
Configuring RMON Statistics (CLI example)................................................................................. 153
Configuring RMON Statistics (BBI example)................................................................................. 153
RMON group 2—history................................................................................................................ 155
History MIB objects .................................................................................................................. 155
RMON group 3—alarms ............................................................................................................... 157
Alarm MIB objects.................................................................................................................... 157
RMON group 9—events ................................................................................................................ 161
Configuring RMON Events (CLI example).................................................................................... 162
Configuring RMON Events (BBI example).................................................................................... 162

Contents
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High availability
Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 164
Uplink Failure Detection...................................................................................................................... 164
Failure Detection Pair..................................................................................................................... 165
Spanning Tree Protocol with UFD .................................................................................................... 165
Configuration guidelines ................................................................................................................ 166
Monitoring Uplink Failure Detection................................................................................................. 166
Configuring Uplink Failure Detection................................................................................................ 166
Configuring UFD on Switch 1 (CLI example) ................................................................................ 167
Configuring UFD on Switch 2 (CLI example) ................................................................................ 167
Configuring Uplink Failure Detection (BBI example) ...................................................................... 168
VRRP overview................................................................................................................................... 170
VRRP components.......................................................................................................................... 170
Virtual router ........................................................................................................................... 170
Virtual router MAC address....................................................................................................... 170
Owners and renters.................................................................................................................. 170
Master and backup virtual router ............................................................................................... 171
Virtual Interface Router.............................................................................................................. 171
VRRP operation.................................................................................................................................. 171
Selecting the master VRRP router ..................................................................................................... 171
Failover methods................................................................................................................................ 172
Active-Active redundancy............................................................................................................... 172
HP 1:10GbE switch extensions to VRRP ................................................................................................ 173
Tracking VRRP router priority .......................................................................................................... 173
Virtual router deployment considerations............................................................................................... 174
Assigning VRRP virtual router ID ...................................................................................................... 174
Configuring the switch for tracking .................................................................................................. 174
High availability configurations............................................................................................................ 175
Active-Active configuration ............................................................................................................. 175
Task 1: Configure Switch A....................................................................................................... 175
Task 2: Configure Switch B ....................................................................................................... 177
Task 1: Configure Switch A (BBI example)................................................................................... 178
Troubleshooting tools
Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 188
Port Mirroring.................................................................................................................................... 188
Configuring Port Mirroring (CLI example) ......................................................................................... 189
Configuring Port Mirroring (BBI example) ......................................................................................... 190
Other network troubleshooting techniques ............................................................................................. 192
Console and Syslog messages ........................................................................................................ 192
Ping ............................................................................................................................................ 192
Trace route................................................................................................................................... 192
Statistics and state information........................................................................................................ 193
Customer support tools................................................................................................................... 193
Index

Accessing the switch
9
Accessing the switch
Introduction
This guide will help you plan, implement, and administer the switch software for the HP 1:10Gb Ethernet
BL-c Switch. Where possible, each section provides feature overviews, usage examples, and configuration
instructions.
•“Accessing the switch” describes how to configure and view information and statistics on the switch
over an IP network. This chapter also discusses different methods to manage the switch for remote
administrators, such as setting specific IP addresses and using Remote Authentication Dial-in User
Service (RADIUS) authentication, Secure Shell (SSH), and Secure Copy (SCP) for secure access to the
switch.
•“Ports and port trunking” describes how to group multiple physical ports together to aggregate the
bandwidth between large-scale network devices.
•“Port-based Network Access and Traffic Control” describes how to authenticate devices attached to
a LAN port that has point-to-point connection characteristics. Port-based Network Access Control
provides security to ports of the HP 1:10GbE switch that connect to servers. Port-based Traffic
Control allows the switch to guard against broadcast storms.
•“VLANs” describes how to configure Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) for creating separate
network segments, including how to use VLAN tagging for devices that use multiple VLANs.
•“Spanning Tree Protocol” discusses how spanning trees configure the network so that the switch uses
the most efficient path when multiple paths exist.
•“Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol/Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol” describes extensions to the
Spanning Tree Protocol that provide rapid convergence of spanning trees for fast reconfiguration of
the network.
•“Quality of Service” discusses Quality of Service features, including IP filtering using Access Control
Lists, Differentiated Services, and IEEE 802.1p priority values.
•“Basic IP Routing” describes how to configure the HP 1:10GbE switch for IP routing using IP subnets,
and DHCP Relay.
•“Routing Information Protocol” describes how the HP 1:10GbE switch software implements standard
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) for exchanging TCP/IP route information with other routers.
•“IGMP Snooping” describes how to use IGMP to conserve bandwidth in a multicast-switching
environment.
•“OSPF” describes OSPF concepts, how OSPF is implemented, and examples of how to configure
your switch for OSPF support.
•“Remote Monitoring” describes how to configure the RMON agent on the switch, so the switch can
exchange network monitoring data.
•“High Availability” describes how the HP 1:10GbE switch supports high-availability network
topologies. This release provides Uplink Failure Detection and Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
(VRRP).
•“Troubleshooting tools” describes Port Mirroring and other troubleshooting techniques.

Accessing the switch
10
Additional references
Additional information about installing and configuring the switch is available in the following guides,
which are available at http://www.hp.com/go/bladesystem/documentation.
•HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch User Guide
•HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch Command Reference
•HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch ISCLI Reference Guide
•HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch Browser-based Interface Reference
•HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch Quick Setup Instructions
Typographical conventions
The following table describes the typographic styles used in this guide:
Table 1 Typographic conventions
Typeface or
symbol Meaning Example
AaBbCc123 This type depicts onscreen computer output and prompts. Main#
AaBbCc123 This type displays in command examples and shows text
that must be typed in exactly as shown.
Main# sys
<AaBbCc123> This bracketed type displays in command examples as a
parameter placeholder. Replace the indicated text with
the appropriate real name or value when using the
command. Do not type the brackets.
To establish a Telnet session, enter:
host# telnet <IP address>
Read your user guide thoroughly.
[ ] Command items shown inside brackets are optional and
can be used or excluded as the situation demands. Do
not type the brackets.
host# ls [-a]
Management Network
The HP 1:10GbE switch is an integral subsystem within the overall BladeSystem. The BladeSystem chassis
includes an Onboard Administrator as the central element for overall chassis and control.
The HP 1:10GbE switch communicates with the Onboard Administrator through its internal management
port (port 18). The factory default settings permit management and control access to the switch through
the 10/100 Mbps Ethernet port on the Onboard Administrator, or the built-in console port. You also can
use the external Ethernet ports to manage and control the HP 1:10GbE switch.
The HP 1:10GbE switch management network has the following characteristics:
•Port 18—Management port 18 has a fixed configuration, as follows:
○100 Mbps
○Full duplex
○Flow control: both
○No auto-negotiation

Accessing the switch
11
○Untagged
○Port VLAN ID (PVID): 4095
•VLAN 4095—Management VLAN 4095 isolates management traffic within the HP 1:10GbE switch.
VLAN 4095 contains only one member port (port 18). No other ports can be members of
VLAN 4095.
•Interface 256—Management interface 256 is associated with VLAN 4095. No other interfaces can
be associated with VLAN 4095. You can configure the IP address of the management interface
manually or through Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP).
•Gateway 4—This gateway is the default gateway for the management interface.
•STG 128—If the HP 1:10GbE switch is configured to use multiple spanning trees, spanning tree
group 128 (STG 128) contains management VLAN 4095, and no other VLANS are allowed in STG
128. The default status of STG 128 is off.
If the HP 1:10GbE switch is configured to use Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol, STG 1 contains
management VLAN 4095.
To access the HP 1:10GbE switch management interface through the Onboard Administrator:
•Use the Onboard Administrator internal DHCP server, through Enclosure-Based IP Addressing
•Use an external DHCP server. Connect the Onboard administrator and the HP 1:10GbE switch to
the network, and disable Enclosure-Based IP Addressing.
•Assign a static IP interface to the Onboard Administrator and to the HP 1:10GbE switch
management interface (interface 256).
Connecting through the console port
Using a null modem cable, you can directly connect to the switch through the console port. A console
connection is required in order to configure Telnet or other remote access applications. For more
information on establishing console connectivity to the switch, see the HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch
User Guide.
Connecting through Telnet
By default, Telnet is enabled on the switch. Once the IP parameters are configured, you can access the
CLI from any workstation connected to the network using a Telnet connection. Telnet access provides the
same options for a user and an administrator as those available through the console port, minus certain
commands. The switch supports four concurrent Telnet connections.
To establish a Telnet connection with the switch, run the Telnet program on your workstation and issue the
telnet command, followed by the switch IP address:
telnet <switch IP address>
Connecting through Secure Shell
By default, the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol is disabled on the switch. SSH enables you to securely log into
another computer over a network to execute commands remotely. As a secure alternative to using Telnet
to manage switch configuration, SSH ensures that all data sent over the network is encrypted and secure.
For more information, see the “Secure Shell and Secure Copy” section later in this chapter. For additional
information on the CLI, see the HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch Command Reference Guide.

Accessing the switch
12
Using the command line interfaces
The command line interface (CLI) can be accessed via local terminal connection or a remote session using
Telnet or SSH. The CLI is the most direct method for collecting switch information and performing switch
configuration.
The HP 1:10GbE switch provides two CLI modes: The menu-based AOS CLI, and the tree-based ISCLI.
You can set the HP 1:10GbE switch to use either CLI mode.
The Main Menu of the AOS CLI, with administrator privileges, is displayed below:
[Main Menu]
info - Information Menu
stats - Statistics Menu
cfg - Configuration Menu
oper - Operations Command Menu
boot - Boot Options Menu
maint - Maintenance Menu
diff - Show pending config changes [global command]
apply - Apply pending config changes [global command]
save - Save updated config to FLASH [global command]
revert - Revert pending or applied changes [global command]
exit - Exit [global command, always available]
For complete information about the AOS CLI, see the HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch Command
Reference.
The ISCLI provides a tree-based command structure, for users familiar with similar products.
An example of a typical ISCLI command is displayed below:
Switch(config)# spanning-tree stp 1 enable
For complete information about the ISCLI, refer to the ISCLI Reference Guide.
Configuring an IP interface
An IP interface address must be set on the switch to provide management access to the switch over an IP
network. By default, the management interface is set up to request its IP address from a Bootstrap Protocol
(BOOTP) server.
If you have a BOOTP server on your network, add the Media Access Control (MAC) address of the switch
to the BOOTP configuration file located on the BOOTP server. The MAC address can be found on a small
white label on the back panel of the switch. The MAC address can also be found in the System
Information menu (see the HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch Command Reference or ISCLI Reference.) If
you are using a DHCP server that also does BOOTP, you do not have to configure the MAC address.
If you do not have a BOOTP server, you must manually configure an IP address.

Accessing the switch
13
The following example shows how to manually configure an IP address on the switch:
1. Configure an IP interface for the Telnet connection, using the sample IP address of 205.21.17.3.
2. The pending subnet mask address and broadcast address are automatically calculated.
>> # /cfg/l3/if 1 (Select IP interface 1)
>> IP Interface 1# addr 205.21.17.3 (Assign IP address for the interface)
Current IP address: 0.0.0.0
New pending IP address: 205.21.17.3
Pending new subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
. . . . . . . . . . . .
>> IP Interface 1# ena (Enable IP interface 1)
3. If necessary, configure up to two default gateways.
4. Configuring the default gateways allows the switch to send outbound traffic to the routers.
>> IP Interface 5# ../gw 1 (Select primary default gateway)
>> Default gateway 1# addr 205.21.17.1 (Assign IP address for primary router)
>> Default gateway 1# ena (Enable primary default gateway)
>> Default gateway 1# ../gw 2 (Select secondary default gateway)
>> Default gateway 2# addr 205.21.17.2 (Assign address for secondary router)
>> Default gateway 2# ena (Enable secondary default gateway)
5. Apply, verify, and save the configuration.
>> Default gateway 2# apply (Apply the configuration)
>> Default gateway 2# save (Save the configuration)
>> # /cfg/dump (Verify the configuration)
Using the Browser-based Interface
By default, the Browser-based Interface (BBI) protocol is enabled on the switch. The Browser-based
Interface (BBI) provides access to the common configuration, management and operation features of the
switch through your Web browser. For more information, see the HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch
Browser-based Interface Reference.
The BBI is organized at a high level as follows:
•Configuration—These menus provide access to the configuration elements for the entire switch.
○System—Configure general switch configuration elements.
○Switch ports—Configure switch ports and related features.
○Port-based port mirroring—Configure mirrored ports and monitoring ports.
○Layer 2—Configure Layer 2 features, including trunk groups, VLANs, and Spanning Tree
Protocol.
○RMON menu—Configure Remote Monitoring (RMON) functions.
○Layer 3—Configure all of the IP related information, including IGMP Snooping.
○QoS—Configure Quality of Service features.
○Access Control—Configure Access Control Lists and Groups.
○Uplink Failure Detection—Configure a Failover Pair of Links to Monitor and Links to Disable.
•Statistics—These menus provide access to the switch statistics and state information.
•Dashboard—These menus display settings and operating status of a variety of switch features.

Accessing the switch
14
Using Simple Network Management Protocol
The switch software provides SNMP v1.0 and SNMP v3.0 support for access through any network
management software, such as HP-OpenView.
SNMP v1.0
To access the SNMP agent on the switch, the read and write community strings on the SNMP manager
should be configured to match those on the switch. The default read community string on the switch is
public and the default write community string is private.
The read and write community strings on the switch can be changed using the following commands on the
CLI.
>> /cfg/sys/ssnmp/rcomm
-and-
>> /cfg/sys/ssnmp/wcomm
The SNMP manager should be able to reach the management interface or any one of the IP interfaces on
the switch.
For the SNMP manager to receive the traps sent out by the SNMP agent on the switch, the trap host on
the switch should be configured with the following command:
/cfg/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/taddr
For more details, see “Configuring SNMP trap hosts”.
SNMP v3.0
SNMPv3 is an enhanced version of the Simple Network Management Protocol, approved by the Internet
Engineering Steering Group in March, 2002. SNMP v3.0 contains additional security and authentication
features that provide data origin authentication, data integrity checks, timeliness indicators, and
encryption to protect against threats such as masquerade, modification of information, message stream
modification, and disclosure.
SNMP v3 ensures that the client can use SNMP v3 to query the MIBs, mainly for security.
To access the SNMP v3.0 menu, enter the following command in the CLI:
>> # /cfg/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3
For more information on SNMP MIBs and the commands used to configure SNMP on the switch, see the
HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch Command Reference.
Default configuration
The switch software has two users by default. Both the users adminmd5 and adminsha have access to
all the MIBs supported by the switch.
•username 1—adminmd5/password adminmd5. Authentication used is MD5.
•username 2—adminsha/password adminsha. Authentication used is SHA.
•username 3—v1v2only/password none.
To configure an SNMP user name, enter the following command from the CLI:
>> # /cfg/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/usm 6

Accessing the switch
15
User configuration
Users can be configured to use the authentication/privacy options. The HP 1:10GbE switch supports two
authentication algorithms: MD5 and SHA, as specified in the following command:
/cfg/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/usm <x>/auth md5|sha
1. To configure a user with name admin, authentication type MD5, authentication password of admin,
and privacy option DES with privacy password of admin, use the following CLI commands:
>> # /cfg/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/usm 5
>> SNMPv3 usmUser 5 # name "admin" (Configure ‘admin’ user type)
>> SNMPv3 usmUser 5 # auth md5
>> SNMPv3 usmUser 5 # authpw admin
>> SNMPv3 usmUser 5 # priv des
>> SNMPv3 usmUser 5 # privpw admin
2. Configure a user access group, along with the views the group may access. Use the access table to
configure the group’s access level.
>> # /cfg/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/access 5
>> SNMPv3 vacmAccess 5 # name "admingrp" (Configure an access group)
>> SNMPv3 vacmAccess 5 # level authPriv
>> SNMPv3 vacmAccess 5 # rview "iso"
>> SNMPv3 vacmAccess 5 # wview "iso"
>> SNMPv3 vacmAccess 5 # nview "iso"
Because the read view (rview), write view (wview), and notify view (nview) are all set to “iso,” the
user type has access to all private and public MIBs.
3. Assign the user to the user group. Use the group table to link the user to a particular access group.
>> # /cfg/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/group 5
>> SNMPv3 vacmSecurityToGroup 5 # uname admin
>> SNMPv3 vacmSecurityToGroup 5 # gname admingrp
If you want to allow user access only to certain MIBs, see the “View based configurations” section.

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View based configurations
CLI user equivalent
To configure an SNMP user equivalent to the CLI user, use the following configuration:
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/usm 4
name "usr" (Configure the user)
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/access 3
name "usrgrp" (Configure access group 3)
rview "usr"
wview "usr"
nview "usr"
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/group 4 (Assign user to access group 3)
uname usr
gname usrgrp
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/view 6 (Create views for user)
name "usr"
tree " 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.3.7.11.33.1.2.1.2" (Agent statistics)
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/view 7
name "usr"
tree " 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.3.7.11.33.1.2.1.3" (Agent information)
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/view 8
name "usr"
tree " 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.3.7.11.33.1.2.2.2" (L2 statistics)
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/view 9
name "usr"
tree " 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.3.7.11.33.1.2.2.3" (L2 information)
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/view 10
name "usr"
tree " 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.3.7.11.33.1.2.3.2" (L3 statistics)
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/view 11
name "usr"
tree " 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.3.7.11.33.1.2.3.3" (L3 information)

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CLI oper equivalent
To configure an SNMP user equivalent to the CLI oper, use the following configuration:
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/usm 5
name "oper" (Configure the oper)
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/access 4
name "opergrp" (Configure access group 4)
rview "oper"
wview "oper"
nview "oper"
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/group 4 (Assign oper to access group 4)
uname oper
gname opergrp
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/view 20 (Create views for oper)
name "oper"
tree " 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.3.7.11.33.1.2.1.2" (Agent statistics)
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/view 21
name "oper"
tree " 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.3.7.11.33.1.2.1.3" (Agent information)
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/view 22
name "oper"
tree " 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.3.7.11.33.1.2.2.2" (L2 statistics)
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/view 23
name "oper"
tree " 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.3.7.11.33.1.2.2.3" (L2 information)
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/view 24
name "oper"
tree " 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.3.7.11.33.1.2.3.2" (L3 statistics)
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/view 25
name "oper"
tree " 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.3.7.11.33.1.2.3.3" (L3 information)
Configuring SNMP trap hosts
SNMPv1 trap host
1. Configure a user with no authentication or password.
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/usm 10 (Configure user named “v1trap”)
name "v1trap"
2. Configure an access group and group table entries for the user. Use the following command to
specify which traps can be received by the user:
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/access <x>/nview
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/access 10 (Define access group to view SNMPv1 traps)
name "v1trap"
model snmpv1
nview "iso"
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/group 10 (Assign user to the access group)
model snmpv1
uname v1trap
gname v1trap
In this example the user will receive the traps sent by the switch.

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3. Configure an entry in the notify table.
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/notify 10 (Assign user to the notify table)
name v1trap
tag v1trap
4. Specify the IP address and other trap parameters in the Target Address( targetAddr) and Target
Parameters (targetParam) tables. Use the following command to specify the user name used with this
targetParam table:
c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/tparam <x>/uname
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/taddr 10 (Define an IP address to send traps)
name v1trap
addr 47.80.23.245
taglist v1trap
pname v1param
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/tparam 10 (Specify SNMPv1 traps to send)
name v1param
mpmodel snmpv1
uname v1trap
model snmpv1
5. Use the community table to define the community string used in the traps.
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/comm 10 (Define the community string)
index v1trap
name public
uname v1trap

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SNMPv2 trap host configuration
The SNMPv2 trap host configuration is similar to the SNMPv1 trap host configuration. Wherever you
specify the model, specify snmpv2 instead of snmpv1.
c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/usm 10 (Configure user named “v2trap”)
name "v2trap"
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/access 10 (Define access group to view SNMPv2 traps)
name "v2trap"
model snmpv2
nview "iso"
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/group 10 (Assign user to the access group)
model snmpv2
uname v2trap
gname v2trap
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/notify 10 (Assign user to the notify table)
name v2trap
tag v2trap
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/taddr 10 (Define an IP address to send traps)
name v2trap
addr 47.81.25.66
taglist v2trap
pname v2param
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/tparam 10 (Specify SNMPv2 traps to send)
name v2param
mpmodel snmpv2c
uname v2trap
model snmpv2
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/comm 10 (Define the community string)
index v2trap
name public
uname v2trap
SNMPv3 trap host configuration
To configure a user for SNMPv3 traps, you can choose to send the traps with both privacy and
authentication, with authentication only, or without privacy or authentication. Use the following commands
to configure the access table:
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/access <x>/level
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/tparam <x>
Configure the user in the user table to match the configuration of the access table.
It is not necessary to configure the community table for SNMPv3 traps because the community string is not
used by SNMPv3.

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The following example shows how to configure a SNMPv3 user v3trap with authentication only:
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/usm 11 (Configure user named “v3trap”)
name "v3trap"
auth md5
authpw v3trap
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/access 11 (Define access group to view SNMPv3 traps)
name "v3trap"
level authNoPriv
nview "iso"
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/group 11 (Assign user to the access group)
uname v3trap
gname v3trap
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/notify 11 (Assign user to the notify table)
name v3trap
tag v3trap
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/taddr 11 (Define an IP address to send traps)
name v3trap
addr 47.81.25.66
taglist v3trap
pname v3param
/c/sys/ssnmp/snmpv3/tparam 11 (Specify SNMPv3 traps to send)
name v3param
uname v3trap
level authNoPriv (Set the authentication level)
For more information on using SNMP, see the HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch Command Reference.
See the HP 1:10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch User Guide for a complete list of supported MIBs.
Secure access to the switch
Secure switch management is needed for environments that perform significant management functions
across the Internet. The following are some of the functions for secured management:
•Limiting management users to a specific IP address range. See the “Setting allowable source IP
address ranges” section in this chapter.
•Authentication and authorization of remote administrators. See the “RADIUS authentication and
authorization” section or the “TACACS+ authentication” section, both later in this chapter.
•Encryption of management information exchanged between the remote administrator and the switch.
See the “Secure Shell and Secure Copy” section later in this chapter.
Setting allowable source IP address ranges
To limit access to the switch without having to configure filters for each switch port, you can set a source
IP address (or range) that will be allowed to connect to the switch IP interface through Telnet, SSH, SNMP,
or the switch browser-based interface (BBI).
When an IP packet reaches the application switch, the source IP address is checked against the range of
addresses defined by the management network and management mask. If the source IP address of the
host or hosts is within this range, it is allowed to attempt to log in. Any packet addressed to a switch IP
interface with a source IP address outside this range is discarded.