HPE Aruba 3810 User manual

Aruba 3810 / 5400R Multicast and
Routing Guide for ArubaOS-Switch
16.08
Part Number: 5200-5492
Published: December 2018
Edition: 1

© Copyright 2018 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP
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Chapter 1 About this guide........................................................................... 18
Applicable products..................................................................................................................................18
Switch prompts used in this guide........................................................................................................... 18
Chapter 2 Multimedia traffic control with IP multicast (IGMP)...................19
Overview of IGMP....................................................................................................................................19
Enabling IGMP.........................................................................................................................................19
Configuring and displaying IGMP (CLI)................................................................................................... 19
show ip igmp vlan .........................................................................................................................19
Viewing the current IGMP configuration........................................................................................20
show ip igmp statistics.................................................................................................................. 21
show ip igmp vlan vid.................................................................................................................... 21
show ip igmp groups..................................................................................................................... 22
show ip igmp vlan group............................................................................................................... 22
ip igmp...........................................................................................................................................23
vlan ip igmp................................................................................................................................... 23
vlan ip igmp querier.......................................................................................................................24
ip igmp querier interval..................................................................................................................24
ip igmp static-group.......................................................................................................................25
ip igmp fastleave...................................................................................................................................... 25
ip igmp forcedfastleave............................................................................................................................ 25
igmp fastlearn ...............................................................................................................................26
show igmp delayed-flush...............................................................................................................26
Preventing unjoined multicast traffic..............................................................................................26
Configuring IGMP proxy (CLI)..................................................................................................................26
Adding or leaving a multicast domain........................................................................................... 27
Informs the VLAN which IGMP proxy domains to use with joins on the VLAN............................. 28
Viewing the IGMP proxy data........................................................................................................28
IGMP general operation and features......................................................................................................29
Options..........................................................................................................................................29
Number of IP multicast addresses allowed................................................................................... 30
How IGMP operates.................................................................................................................................30
Operation with or without IP addressing....................................................................................... 31
Automatic fast-leave IGMP........................................................................................................... 32
Default (enabled) IGMP operation solves the "delayed leave" problem....................................... 33
Forced fast-leave IGMP................................................................................................................ 33
Fast learn...................................................................................................................................... 34
Unjoined multicast traffic............................................................................................................... 34
IGMP proxy forwarding................................................................................................................. 36
How IGMP proxy forwarding works.................................................................................... 37
Operating notes for IGMP proxy forwarding.......................................................................38
About using the switch as querier............................................................................................................ 39
Well-known or reserved multicast addresses excluded from IP multicast filtering...................................40
IP multicast filters.....................................................................................................................................40
Reserved addresses excluded from IP multicast (IGMP) filtering.................................................41
Multicast ARP support...................................................................................................................41
IGMPv3.................................................................................................................................................... 41
IGMPv3 commands.......................................................................................................................42
igmp lookup-mode..............................................................................................................42
Contents
Contents 3

igmp reload.........................................................................................................................43
ip igmp................................................................................................................................43
ip igmp version................................................................................................................... 43
ip igmp last-member-query-interval....................................................................................44
ip igmp querier....................................................................................................................44
ip igmp query-max-response-time......................................................................................44
ip igmp robustness............................................................................................................. 44
show ip igmp...................................................................................................................... 44
show ip igmp vlan 1............................................................................................................46
show ip igmp vlan group.....................................................................................................46
show ip igmp vlan group source.........................................................................................47
show ip igmp vlan group port............................................................................................. 48
show ip igmp vlan counters................................................................................................ 48
show ip igmp vlan statistics................................................................................................ 49
show ip igmp statistics........................................................................................................49
show ip igmp vlan config.................................................................................................... 50
show ip igmp config............................................................................................................50
show ip igmp vlan group.....................................................................................................51
igmp reload.........................................................................................................................52
Chapter 3 PIM-DM (Dense Mode).................................................................. 53
Overview of PIM-DM................................................................................................................................53
Global and PIM configuration contexts.................................................................................................... 53
Enabling or disabling IP multicast routing..................................................................................... 53
Enabling or disabling PIM at the global level; placing the CLI in the PIM context.........................53
Setting the interval in seconds between successive state-refresh messages originated by
the routing switch.......................................................................................................................... 53
Enabling and disabling PIM SNMP traps...................................................................................... 54
PIM VLAN (interface) configuration context.............................................................................................55
Enabling multicast routing on the VLAN interface to which the CLI is currently set......................55
Specifying the IP address to use as the source address for PIM protocol packets outbound
on the VLAN..................................................................................................................................56
Changing the frequency at which the routing switch transmits PIM hello messages on the
current VLAN.................................................................................................................................56
Changing maximum time before the routing switch transmits the initial PIM hello message
on the VLAN..................................................................................................................................57
Changing the interval the routing switch waits for the graft ack from another router before
resending the graft request........................................................................................................... 57
Changing the number of times the routing switch retries sending the same graft packet to
join a flow...................................................................................................................................... 57
Enabling the LAN prune delay option on the current VLAN.......................................................... 58
Computing the lan-prune-delay setting......................................................................................... 58
Setting the multicast datagram time-to-live (router hop-count) threshold for the VLAN................59
Example of configuring PIM-DM operation at the VLAN level.......................................................59
Displaying PIM data and configuration settings....................................................................................... 61
Displaying PIM route data............................................................................................................. 61
Displays the PIM interfaces currently configured.......................................................................... 62
Viewing VLAN, protocol identity, and TTL settings........................................................................63
Viewing data for a specified flow (multicast group)....................................................................... 63
Show IP PIM................................................................................................................................. 65
Listing the PIM interfaces (VLANs) currently configured in the routing switch..............................66
Viewing the current configuration for the specified VLAN (PIM interface).................................... 67
Viewing PIM-specific information from the IP multicast routing table (MRT).................................68
Viewing the PIM route entry information for the specified multicast group (flow)..........................69
Listing PIM neighbor information for all PIM neighbors connected to the routing switch.............. 70
4Aruba 3810 / 5400R Multicast and Routing Guide for ArubaOS-
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PIM-DM....................................................................................................................................................71
PIM-DM features........................................................................................................................... 71
PIM-DM operation....................................................................................................................................72
Multicast flow management...........................................................................................................73
Initial flood and prune......................................................................................................... 73
Maintaining the prune state................................................................................................ 73
State-refresh packets and bandwidth conservation........................................................... 74
General configuration elements.................................................................................................... 74
Configuring PIM-DM................................................................................................................................ 75
PIM-DM DT.............................................................................................................................................. 75
show distributed-trunking consistency-parameters global .............................. 76
Error Log....................................................................................................................................... 77
Exception............................................................................................................................78
Operating notes....................................................................................................................................... 78
PIM-DM operating rules................................................................................................................ 78
PIM routers without state-refresh messaging capability .......................................................78
Flow capacity................................................................................................................................ 79
IGMP traffic high-priority disabled................................................................................................. 79
ACLs and PIM............................................................................................................................... 79
When to enable IGMP on a VLAN................................................................................................ 79
IP address removed...................................................................................................................... 79
Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................................... 79
Symptom: Noticeable slowdown in some multicast traffic.............................................................79
Heavy memory usage................................................................................................................... 79
IPv4 table operation...................................................................................................................... 80
Messages related to PIM operation......................................................................................................... 80
Applicable RFCs...................................................................................................................................... 84
Exceptions to Support for RFC 2932 - Multicast Routing MIB................................................................. 85
Chapter 4 PIM-SM (Sparse Mode)................................................................. 86
Configuring router protocol independent multicast (PIM).........................................................................86
Configuring PIM-SM on the router........................................................................................................... 87
Global configuration context for supporting PIM-SM.....................................................................87
Configuring global context commands.......................................................................................... 87
VLAN context commands for configuring PIM-SM...................................................................................89
Enabling or disabling IGMP in a VLAN......................................................................................... 89
Enabling or disabling PIM-SM per-VLAN...................................................................................... 89
Changing the interval for PIM-SM neighbor notification................................................................90
Changing the randomized delay setting for PIM-SM neighbor notification................................... 90
Enabling or disabling lan prune delay........................................................................................... 91
Changing the Lan-prune-delay interval ..................................................................................91
Neighbor timeout...........................................................................................................................92
Changing the DR priority...............................................................................................................92
Configuring PIM-SM support in a VLAN context........................................................................... 92
Router PIM context commands for configuring PIM-SM operation..........................................................92
Configuring a BSR candidate........................................................................................................93
Enabling or disabling a BSR Candidate........................................................................................ 93
Changing the priority setting......................................................................................................... 93
Changing the distribution.............................................................................................................. 94
Changing the message interval.....................................................................................................94
Configuring C-RPs on PIM-SM routers....................................................................................................94
Specifying the source IP VLAN (optionally configuring multicast groups or range of groups)...... 95
Enabling or disabling C-RP operation........................................................................................... 96
Adding or deleting a multicast group address............................................................................... 96
Changing the C-RP hold-time....................................................................................................... 97
Contents 5

Changing a C-RP's election priority.............................................................................................. 97
Enabling, disabling, or changing router PIM notification traps................................................................. 97
Changing the global join-prune interval on the router.............................................................................. 98
Changing the shortest-path tree (SPT) operation.................................................................................... 98
Statically configuring an RP to accept multicast traffic.............................................................................98
Configuring PIM-SM support in the router PIM context.................................................................99
PIM RPF override configuration.............................................................................................................101
Displaying configured RPF overrides.....................................................................................................102
Displaying PIM route data......................................................................................................................102
Listing basic route data for active multicast groups.................................................................... 102
Listing data for an active multicast group....................................................................................104
Listing all VLANs having currently active PIM flows....................................................................106
Viewing PIM-specific data......................................................................................................................106
Viewing the current PIM status and global configuration............................................................ 106
Displaying current PIM entries existing in the multicast routing table......................................... 107
Listing currently configured PIM interfaces................................................................................. 107
Displaying IP PIM VLAN configurations...................................................................................... 108
Displaying PIM neighbor data................................................................................................................ 109
Display pending join requests................................................................................................................ 110
Displaying BSR data...............................................................................................................................111
Displaying BSR status and configuration.....................................................................................111
Listing non-default BSR configuration settings............................................................................112
Displaying the current RP set.................................................................................................................112
Displaying C-RP data.............................................................................................................................113
Displaying the router's C-RP status and configuration................................................................ 113
Listing non-default C-RP configuration settings.......................................................................... 114
PIM-SM overview................................................................................................................................... 115
PIM-SM features.................................................................................................................................... 115
PIM-SM operation and router types....................................................................................................... 116
PIM-SM operation........................................................................................................................116
Rendezvous-point tree (RPT)......................................................................................................116
Shortest-path tree (SPT)............................................................................................................. 117
Shortest-path tree operation.............................................................................................117
Restricting multicast traffic to RPTs.................................................................................. 118
Maintaining an active route for multicast group members................................................ 118
Border routers and multiple PIM-SM domains..................................................................118
PIM-SM DT.............................................................................................................................................118
PIM-SM router types.............................................................................................................................. 118
DR............................................................................................................................................... 119
BSR............................................................................................................................................. 119
BSR configuration and election........................................................................................ 120
BSR role in fault recovery.................................................................................................120
RP............................................................................................................................................... 120
Defining supported multicast groups................................................................................ 120
C-RP election................................................................................................................... 121
Redundant Group Coverage Provides Fault-Tolerance................................................... 122
Static RP (static RP)................................................................................................................... 122
General application.......................................................................................................... 122
Supporting a static RP as primary....................................................................................123
Operating rules for static RPs.......................................................................................... 123
Configuration.................................................................................................................... 124
Operating rules and recommendations..................................................................................................124
Configuration steps for PIM-SM.............................................................................................................124
Planning considerations.............................................................................................................. 124
Per-router global configuration context....................................................................................... 125
Per-VLAN PIM-SM configuration................................................................................................ 125
Router Pim configuration.............................................................................................................127
6Aruba 3810 / 5400R Multicast and Routing Guide for ArubaOS-
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Operating notes..................................................................................................................................... 128
Chapter 5 Routing Basics............................................................................130
Overview of IP routing............................................................................................................................130
Viewing the IP route table...................................................................................................................... 130
Increasing ARP age timeout (CLI)......................................................................................................... 130
Setting and viewing the arp-age value...................................................................................................131
Reconfiguring the router ID (optional)....................................................................................................132
Changing the router ID................................................................................................................132
Enabling proxy ARP...............................................................................................................................132
Enabling local proxy ARP............................................................................................................133
Configuring source MAC based ARP attack detection (ARP throttle)....................................................134
ARP throttle operation.................................................................................................................134
ip arp-throttle enable................................................................................................................... 134
ip arp-throttle remediation-mode................................................................................................. 134
ip arp-throttle aging-time............................................................................................................. 135
ip arp-throttle threshold............................................................................................................... 135
ip arp-throttle exclude-mac..........................................................................................................135
show ip arp-throttle......................................................................................................................136
Identifying blacklisted and restored clients..................................................................................137
Enabling forwarding of IP directed broadcasts (CLI)............................................................................. 138
Introduction to feature................................................................................................................. 138
CLI commands............................................................................................................................ 138
Configuration commands................................................................................................. 138
Show commands..............................................................................................................141
MIB..............................................................................................................................................143
Disabling the directed broadcasts............................................................................................... 143
Disabling replies to broadcast ping requests......................................................................................... 143
Disabling all ICMP unreachable messages.................................................................................144
Disabling ICMP redirects.............................................................................................................144
IP interfaces........................................................................................................................................... 144
IP tables and caches..............................................................................................................................144
ARP cache table......................................................................................................................... 144
ARP cache....................................................................................................................... 145
IP route table...............................................................................................................................145
Routing paths................................................................................................................... 145
Administrative distance.................................................................................................... 145
IP forwarding cache............................................................................................................................... 146
IP route exchange protocols.................................................................................................................. 146
IP global parameters for routing switches................................................................................... 146
IP interface parameters for routing switches...............................................................................149
Configuring IP parameters for routing switches..................................................................................... 150
Configuring IP addresses............................................................................................................150
Changing the router ID................................................................................................................150
Configuring ARP parameters...................................................................................................... 151
How ARP works............................................................................................................... 151
About enabling proxy ARP............................................................................................... 152
Proxy ARP and local proxy ARP behavior....................................................................... 152
Configuring forwarding parameters........................................................................................................153
Enabling forwarding of directed broadcasts................................................................................ 153
Configuring ICMP...................................................................................................................................153
Disabling ICMP messages.......................................................................................................... 153
Disabling ICMP destination unreachable messages...................................................................154
Contents 7

Chapter 6 Static Routing............................................................................. 155
Configuring an IPv4 Route.....................................................................................................................155
Configuring an IPv6 Route.....................................................................................................................158
Viewing static route information............................................................................................................. 160
Configuring the default route.......................................................................................................160
Static route types................................................................................................................................... 160
Other sources of routes in the routing table................................................................................ 161
Static IP route parameters.......................................................................................................... 161
Static route states follow VLAN states........................................................................................ 162
Configuring equal cost multi-path (ECMP) routing for static IP routes............................. 162
Chapter 7 Log violation of Blackhole route............................................... 163
Overview of Blackhole routes................................................................................................................ 163
Commands.............................................................................................................................................163
ip route........................................................................................................................................ 163
[no] debug ip fib blackhole.......................................................................................................... 164
sys-debug ip fib blackhole...........................................................................................................165
Modifying existing commands................................................................................................................166
[no] sys-debug <FILTER-TYPE> | <FILTER-OPTIONS>............................................................ 166
debug ipv6 fib blackhole...................................................................................................166
[no] sys-debug <DESTINATION> [logging | buffer].....................................................................166
Show commands enhancement.............................................................................................................167
show ip route...............................................................................................................................167
show running-config.................................................................................................................... 167
Restrictions............................................................................................................................................ 168
Chapter 8 Routing Information Protocol (RIP).......................................... 169
Overview of RIP..................................................................................................................................... 169
Configuring RIP parameters.................................................................................................................. 169
Enabling RIP............................................................................................................................... 169
Enabling RIP on the routing switch and entering the RIP router context.................................... 170
Enabling IP RIP on a VLAN........................................................................................................ 171
Configuring a RIP authentication key..........................................................................................171
Changing the RIP type on a VLAN interface...............................................................................171
Changing the cost of routes learned on a VLAN interface.......................................................... 171
Configuring for redistribution..................................................................................................................172
Modifying default metric for redistribution................................................................................... 172
Enabling RIP route redistribution................................................................................................ 173
Changing the route loop prevention method..........................................................................................173
Viewing RIP information.........................................................................................................................174
Viewing general RIP information.................................................................................................174
Viewing RIP interface information............................................................................................... 175
Viewing RIP peer information......................................................................................................177
Viewing RIP redistribution information........................................................................................ 177
Viewing RIP redistribution filter (restrict) information.................................................................. 178
RIP parameters and defaults................................................................................................................. 178
RIP global parameters................................................................................................................ 178
RIP interface parameters............................................................................................................ 179
Configuring RIP redistribution................................................................................................................ 180
Defining RIP redistribution filters.................................................................................................180
Changing the route loop prevention method..........................................................................................180
8Aruba 3810 / 5400R Multicast and Routing Guide for ArubaOS-
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Chapter 9 RIPv2 MD5 authentication..........................................................182
Introduction............................................................................................................................................ 182
Configuration commands....................................................................................................................... 182
Show commands................................................................................................................................... 183
Operating notes..................................................................................................................................... 184
Error messages......................................................................................................................................185
Chapter 10 RIPng......................................................................................... 186
RIPng for IPv6........................................................................................................................................186
Configure RIPng.................................................................................................................................... 187
Enable/Disable RIPng global...................................................................................................... 187
Configure a RIPng setting........................................................................................................... 187
Configure a default metric........................................................................................................... 187
Configure the administrative distance for routes.........................................................................188
Redistribute router RIPng............................................................................................................188
Configure RIPng timers...............................................................................................................189
Enable/Disable RIPng traps........................................................................................................ 189
VLAN Level Configuration......................................................................................................................190
IPv6 RIPng.................................................................................................................................. 190
Show commands................................................................................................................................... 190
Show IPv6 ripng general............................................................................................................. 191
Show IPv6 ripng interface........................................................................................................... 191
Show IPv6 RIPng peer................................................................................................................192
Show IPv6 RIPng redistribute..................................................................................................... 192
Show IPv6 RIPng traps............................................................................................................... 193
Show IPv6 route RIPng...............................................................................................................193
Show ipv6 route summary...........................................................................................................194
Debug commands..................................................................................................................................194
Debug IPv6 RIPng...................................................................................................................... 194
Additional commands.............................................................................................................................194
VLAN VLAN–ID IPv6...................................................................................................................195
Show running config ...................................................................................................................195
Show running-config vlan............................................................................................................196
Chapter 11 Open Shortest Path First Protocol (OSPF).............................197
Configuring OSPF on the routing switch................................................................................................197
Enabling IP routing......................................................................................................................197
Enabling global OSPF routing.....................................................................................................197
Changing the RFC 1583 OSPF compliance setting....................................................................198
Assigning the routing switch to OSPF areas..........................................................................................199
Configuring an OSPF backbone or normal area......................................................................... 199
Configuring a stub or NSSA area................................................................................................200
Assigning VLANs and/or subnets to each area...........................................................................201
Assigning loopback addresses to an area.................................................................................. 203
OSPF redistribution of loopback addresses..................................................................... 204
Configuring external route redistribution in an OSPF domain (optional)................................................205
Configuring redistribution filters...................................................................................................205
Enabling route redistribution....................................................................................................... 205
Modifying the default metric for redistribution............................................................................. 206
Modifying the redistribution metric type.......................................................................................206
Configuring ranges on an ABR to reduce advertising to the backbone................................................. 207
Assigning a cost.......................................................................................................................... 208
Contents 9

Allowing or blocking advertisement of a range of internal routes available in an area by an
ABR.............................................................................................................................................209
Allowing or blocking a range of external routes available through an ASBR in an NSSA...........209
Influencing route choices by changing the administrative distance default........................................... 210
Changing OSPF trap generation choices.............................................................................................. 210
Adjusting performance by changing the VLAN or subnet interface settings.......................................... 211
Indicating the cost per-interface.................................................................................................. 211
Indicating the per-interface dead interval.................................................................................... 212
Indicating the per-interface hello interval.................................................................................... 212
Changing priority per-interface....................................................................................................213
Changing retransmit interval per-interface.................................................................................. 213
Changing transit-delay per-interface........................................................................................... 213
Examples of changing per-interface settings.............................................................................. 214
Configuring OSPF interface authentication............................................................................................214
Configuring OSPF password authentication............................................................................... 214
Configuring OSPF MD5 authentication....................................................................................... 215
Configuring a virtual link.........................................................................................................................216
Changing the dead interval on a virtual link................................................................................ 217
Indicating the hello interval on a virtual link.................................................................................218
Changing the retransmitting interval on a virtual link.................................................................. 218
Changing the transit-delay on a virtual link................................................................................. 219
Configuring OSPF authentication on a virtual link................................................................................. 219
Authenticating OSPF MD5 on a virtual link................................................................................. 219
Configuring a passive OSPF interface...................................................................................................220
Configuring the calculation interval........................................................................................................ 221
Viewing OSPF information.....................................................................................................................222
Viewing general OSPF configuration information........................................................................222
Viewing OSPF area information..................................................................................................224
Viewing OSPF external link-state information.............................................................................225
Viewing OSPF interface information........................................................................................... 227
Viewing OSPF interface information for a specific VLAN or IP address..................................... 228
Viewing OSPF packet statistics for a subnet or VLAN................................................................231
Clearing OSPF statistics for all VLAN interfaces on the switch.................................................. 233
Viewing OSPF link-state information...........................................................................................233
Viewing OSPF neighbor information........................................................................................... 237
Viewing OSPF redistribution information.....................................................................................240
Viewing OSPF redistribution filter (restrict) information...............................................................240
Viewing OSPF virtual neighbor information.................................................................................241
Viewing OSPF virtual link information......................................................................................... 241
Viewing OSPF SPF statistics...................................................................................................... 243
Displaying OSPF route information.............................................................................................244
Viewing OSPF traps enabled...................................................................................................... 246
Debugging OSFP routing messages...........................................................................................246
Enabling load sharing among next-hop routes...................................................................................... 246
Viewing the current IP load-sharing configuration.......................................................................247
Overview of OSPF................................................................................................................................. 247
OSPF router types...................................................................................................................... 249
Interior routers.................................................................................................................. 249
Area border routers (ABRs)..............................................................................................249
Autonomous system boundary router (ASBR)................................................................. 249
Designated routers (DRs).................................................................................................250
OSPF area types................................................................................................................................... 251
Backbone area............................................................................................................................ 252
Normal area................................................................................................................................ 252
Not-so-stubby-area (NSSA)........................................................................................................ 252
Stub area.....................................................................................................................................253
OSPF RFC compliance..........................................................................................................................253
10 Aruba 3810 / 5400R Multicast and Routing Guide for ArubaOS-
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Reducing AS external LSAs and Type-3 summary LSAs...................................................................... 253
Algorithm for AS external LSA reduction.....................................................................................254
Replacing type-3summary LSAs and type-7 default external LSAs with a type-3 default
route LSA.................................................................................................................................... 254
Equal cost multi-path routing (ECMP)....................................................................................................255
Dynamic OSPF activation and configuration......................................................................................... 257
General configuration steps for OSPF........................................................................................ 257
Configuration rules........................................................................................................... 258
OSPF global and interface settings..................................................................................258
Changing the RFC 1583 OSPF compliance setting...............................................................................258
Assigning the routing switch to OSPF areas..........................................................................................259
Configuring for external route redistribution in an OSPF domain.......................................................... 259
Configuring ranges on an ABR to reduce advertising to the backbone................................................. 260
Influencing route choices by changing the administrative distance default (optional)........................... 260
Adjusting performance by changing the VLAN or subnet interface settings.......................................... 260
Configuring OSPF interface authentication............................................................................................260
Configuring an ABR to use a virtual link to the backbone......................................................................261
Adjusting virtual link performance by changing the interface settings................................................... 261
Configuring OSPF authentication on a virtual link................................................................................. 261
About OSPF passive..............................................................................................................................261
About configuring shortest path first (SPF) scheduling..........................................................................262
Graceful shutdown of OSPF routing...................................................................................................... 262
Modules operating in nonstop mode........................................................................................... 262
OSPF equal-cost multipath (ECMP) for different subnets available through the same next-
hop routes................................................................................................................................... 262
Global OSPF Cost Setting..................................................................................................................... 263
router ospf reference-cost............................................................................................ 264
Chapter 12 Route Policy.............................................................................. 266
Using prefix lists.....................................................................................................................................266
Creating prefix list entries............................................................................................................266
Entering a prefix list description.................................................................................................. 267
Viewing prefix lists.......................................................................................................................268
Creating a route map............................................................................................................................. 269
Deleting all or part of a route map...............................................................................................269
Viewing route maps.....................................................................................................................270
Using match commands........................................................................................................................ 270
Matching VLANs......................................................................................................................... 270
Matching prefix lists.....................................................................................................................271
Matching next-hop addresses..................................................................................................... 271
Matching route sources...............................................................................................................271
Matching route metrics................................................................................................................272
Matching metric types................................................................................................................. 272
Matching source protocols.......................................................................................................... 272
Matching tags..............................................................................................................................273
Using set commands............................................................................................................................. 273
Setting the next hop.................................................................................................................... 273
Setting the route metric............................................................................................................... 273
Setting the metric type................................................................................................................ 273
Setting the tag value................................................................................................................... 274
Route policy overview............................................................................................................................ 274
Configuring route policy.............................................................................................................. 274
Route maps............................................................................................................................................275
Match commands...................................................................................................................................276
Using route policy in route redistribution................................................................................................277
Contents 11

Baseline: Intra-domain routing using default settings................................................................. 277
Basic inter-domain protocol redistribution................................................................................... 280
Finer control of inter-domain routing using route policy.............................................................. 282
Redistribution using tags.............................................................................................................286
Chapter 13 ICMP Router Discovery Protocol............................................ 288
Configuring IRDP................................................................................................................................... 288
Enabling IRDP globally............................................................................................................... 288
Enabling IRDP on an individual VLAN interface......................................................................... 289
Viewing IRDP information...................................................................................................................... 290
Chapter 14 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol....................................291
Enabling DHCP relay............................................................................................................................. 291
Using DHCP Option 12 to send a hostname......................................................................................... 291
Configuring a BOOTP/DHCP relay gateway..........................................................................................292
Viewing the BOOTP gateway......................................................................................................292
Operating notes................................................................................................................293
Configuring an IP helper address.......................................................................................................... 293
Operating notes...........................................................................................................................293
Disabling the hop count in DHCP requests............................................................................................293
Operating notes...........................................................................................................................294
Verifying the DHCP relay configuration..................................................................................................294
Viewing the DHCP relay setting.................................................................................................. 294
Viewing DHCP helper addresses................................................................................................294
Viewing the hop count setting..................................................................................................... 295
Viewing the MAC address for a routing switch.......................................................................................295
Configuring Option 82............................................................................................................................ 296
Operating notes...........................................................................................................................298
Overview of DHCP.................................................................................................................................299
DHCP packet forwarding.............................................................................................................299
Unicast forwarding............................................................................................................299
Broadcast forwarding....................................................................................................... 299
Enabling DHCP relay operation.................................................................................................. 299
Hop count in DHCP requests.................................................................................................................300
DHCP Option 82.................................................................................................................................... 300
Option 82 server support.............................................................................................................301
General DHCP Option 82 requirements and operation...............................................................301
Requirements................................................................................................................... 301
General DHCP-relay operation with Option 82................................................................ 301
Option 82 field content................................................................................................................ 302
Forwarding policies..................................................................................................................... 303
Multiple Option 82 relay agents in a client request path............................................................. 305
Validation of server response packets.........................................................................................306
Multinetted VLANs...................................................................................................................... 308
Chapter 15 User Datagram Protocol...........................................................309
Configuring and enabling UDP broadcast forwarding............................................................................309
Globally enabling UDP broadcast forwarding............................................................................. 309
Configuring UDP broadcast forwarding on individual VLANs..................................................... 309
Viewing the current IP forward-protocol configuration.................................................................311
Operating notes for UDP broadcast forwarding.......................................................................... 312
Maximum number of entries.............................................................................................312
TCP/UDP port number ranges......................................................................................... 312
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Messages related to UDP broadcast forwarding.........................................................................312
UDP broadcast forwarding.....................................................................................................................313
Subnet masking for UDP forwarding addresses.................................................................................... 314
Chapter 16 Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP).........................315
VRRP overview......................................................................................................................................315
Configuring VRRP..................................................................................................................................315
Enabling VRRP in the global configuration context.....................................................................315
Creating a VR and entering the VR context................................................................................ 316
Selecting a Version of VRRP................................................................................................................. 317
Configuring a VR instance on a VLAN interface.................................................................................... 317
Configuring a virtual IP address (VIP) in a VR............................................................................ 317
Reconfiguring the priority for a backup....................................................................................... 318
Changing VR advertisement interval and source IP address................................................................ 319
Configuring preempt mode on VRRP backup routers............................................................................319
Enabling or disabling VRRP operation on a VR.....................................................................................320
Dynamically changing the priority of the VR.......................................................................................... 320
Configuring track interface.......................................................................................................... 320
Configuring track VLAN...............................................................................................................320
Removing all tracked entities................................................................................................................. 321
Viewing VRRP tracked entities.............................................................................................................. 321
Forcing the backup VR operating as master to relinquish ownership of the VR instance..................... 321
Forcing the backup VR to take ownership of the VR instance...............................................................322
Configuring the Authentication Data Field............................................................................................. 322
Pinging the virtual IP of a backup router................................................................................................ 322
Enabling the response to a ping request.....................................................................................322
Controlling ping responses..........................................................................................................323
Viewing VRRP ping information.................................................................................................. 323
Operational notes........................................................................................................................327
Specifying the time a router waits before taking control of the VIP........................................................327
Viewing VRRP configuration data..........................................................................................................327
Viewing the VRRP global configuration.......................................................................................327
Viewing all VR configurations on the router................................................................................ 328
Viewing a specific VR configuration............................................................................................ 329
Viewing VRRP statistics data......................................................................................................330
Viewing global VRRP statistics only............................................................................................330
Viewing statistics for all VRRP instances on the router...............................................................331
Viewing statistics for all VRRP instances in a VLAN...................................................................333
Viewing statistics for a specific VRRP instance.......................................................................... 334
Viewing the "near-failovers" statistic........................................................................................... 334
Using the debug command with the VRRP option.................................................................................335
General operation.................................................................................................................................. 336
Virtual router (VR)....................................................................................................................... 338
Virtual IP address (VIP)...............................................................................................................339
Master router...............................................................................................................................339
Control of master selection...............................................................................................339
Function of the VRRP advertisement............................................................................... 339
Owner router............................................................................................................................... 340
Backup router..............................................................................................................................340
VR priority operation.........................................................................................................340
Preempt mode..................................................................................................................340
Virtual router MAC address.........................................................................................................340
VRRP and ARP for IPv4............................................................................................................. 341
VRRP and neighbor discovery for IPv6.......................................................................................341
Duplicate address detection (DAD).............................................................................................341
Contents 13

General operating rules...............................................................................................................341
Steps for provisioning VRRP operation................................................................................................. 343
Basic configuration process........................................................................................................ 343
Example configuration.................................................................................................................344
Associating more than one VIP with a VR.................................................................................. 345
Dynamically changing the priority of the VR.......................................................................................... 345
Failover operation.................................................................................................................................. 346
Pinging the virtual IP of a backup router................................................................................................ 346
Using the Pre-empt Delay Timer (PDT)................................................................................................. 347
When OSPF is also enabled on the VRRP routers.....................................................................347
Configuring the PDT....................................................................................................................347
VRRP preempt mode with LACP and older devices........................................................ 347
What occurs at startup..................................................................................................... 347
Selecting a value for the PDT...........................................................................................348
Possible configuration scenarios.................................................................................................348
PDT=zero seconds...........................................................................................................348
PDT is greater than or equal to the master down time (3 times the advertisement
interval).............................................................................................................................348
PDT is less than the master down time............................................................................348
When the PDT is not applicable..................................................................................................348
Standards compliance........................................................................................................................... 349
Operating notes..................................................................................................................................... 349
Dynamic priority change operating notes....................................................................................350
VRRP-Services enhancements............................................................................................................. 350
show vrrp.................................................................................................................................350
show vrrp config..................................................................................................................351
show vrrp statistics......................................................................................................... 351
show vrrp ipv6 config.......................................................................................................352
show vrrp ipv6 statistics.............................................................................................. 353
VRRP-Show command enhancement................................................................................................... 353
show vrrp summary................................................................................................................353
show vrrp IPv6 summary.....................................................................................................354
Error messages—Track interface.......................................................................................................... 355
Chapter 17 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)............................................. 356
Introduction............................................................................................................................................ 356
Configuring BGP globally.......................................................................................................................357
Configuring a BGP routing process.............................................................................................357
Configuring a fixed router ID for local BGP routing process....................................................... 358
Specifying the networks to be advertised by the BGP routing process.......................................358
Adjusting BGP network timers.................................................................................................... 358
Re-enabling state contained within nodes of BGP processes.................................................... 358
Configuring BGP policy globally.............................................................................................................359
Delaying sending the BGP open message................................................................................. 361
Specifying the maximum routes that BGP will accept for installation into the RIB......................361
Enabling comparison of MED for paths from neighbors in different autonomous systems.........361
Specifying the number of times an AS number can appear in AS_PATH................................... 361
Configuring BGP to not consider AS_PATH................................................................................361
Breaking ties between routes based on originator ID value........................................................362
Comparing identical routes received from different external peers.............................................362
Assigning value of infinity to routes missing MED attribute.........................................................362
Setting BGP MED on routes when advertised to peers.............................................................. 362
Specifying a route's preference...................................................................................................362
Enabling client-to-client route reflection...................................................................................... 363
Specifying cluster ID when BGP router is route-reflector............................................................363
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BGP graceful restart.............................................................................................................................. 363
Configuring BGP graceful restart timers..................................................................................... 363
Enabling event logging................................................................................................................364
Describing a neighbor................................................................................................................. 364
Neighbor configuration and neighbor policy configuration..................................................................... 364
Adding an entry to the BGP neighbor table in router configuration mode...................................366
Enabling or disabling dynamic capabilities..................................................................................367
Specifying the IP address for local end of TCP connection with peer.........................................367
Specifying the number of times the autonomous system can appear in an AS path.................. 367
Replacing occurrences of peer's AS with one from an export.....................................................367
Allowing BGP to keep routes without AS number....................................................................... 368
Identifying the AS that BGP is representing to a peer.................................................................368
Specifying maximum number of routes for installation into the RIB............................................368
Specifying the amount of time route is present in database before exported to BGP.................368
Comparing preferences for route selection................................................................................. 368
Sending a community's attribute to a BGP neighbor...................................................................368
Processing sent and received MEDs.......................................................................................... 369
Setting the timer for a BGP peer................................................................................................. 369
Resetting BGP peering sessions................................................................................................ 369
Enabling or disabling multi-hop peering...................................................................................... 369
Using the router's outbound interface address as next hop........................................................369
Specifying no peering connection to peer................................................................................... 370
Removing the private AS number from updates to EBGP peer.................................................. 370
Acting as a route-reflector for the peer........................................................................................370
Shutting down the BGP peering session without removing peer configuration...........................370
Enabling or disabling advertisement of route-refresh capability in open message..................... 370
Synchronizing BGP-IGP........................................................................................................................ 371
Specifying routes to export into BGP.......................................................................................... 371
Specifying route map to be exported in or out of BGP................................................................371
BGP path attributes................................................................................................................................371
Classification of path attributes................................................................................................... 371
Using BGP path attributes...........................................................................................................372
BGP route selection............................................................................................................................... 375
Route selection rules...................................................................................................................375
Recursive route in iBGP..............................................................................................................376
Route selection with BGP load sharing.......................................................................................376
BGP route advertisement rules................................................................................................... 377
Protocols and standards........................................................................................................................ 378
BGP extensions..................................................................................................................................... 378
Route reflection........................................................................................................................... 378
BGP graceful restart (GR)...........................................................................................................378
Route refresh.............................................................................................................................. 379
BGP basic configuration ....................................................................................................................... 379
Configuring a BGP connection....................................................................................................379
Prerequisites.................................................................................................................... 379
Creating a BGP connection..............................................................................................380
Specifying the source interface for TCP connections.......................................................380
Establishing MD5 authentication for TCP connections.................................................... 381
Allowing establishment of an eBGP connection to a non-directly connected peer.......... 381
Controlling route distribution, reception and advertisement........................................................ 381
Prerequisites.................................................................................................................... 381
Configuring BGP Route Redistribution.............................................................................382
Configuring BGP route inbound and outbound filtering policies.......................................382
Configuring BGP route attributes................................................................................................ 382
Prerequisites.................................................................................................................... 382
Configuration procedure...................................................................................................382
Tuning and optimizing BGP networks......................................................................................... 384
Contents 15

Prerequisites.................................................................................................................... 384
Configuring a BGP keepalive interval and holdtime......................................................... 384
Configuring a large scale BGP network...................................................................................... 385
Prerequisites.................................................................................................................... 385
Configuring a BGP route reflector.................................................................................... 385
Configuring BGP graceful restart (GR)....................................................................................... 386
Displaying information about BGP configuration................................................................................... 387
Displaying BGP information........................................................................................................ 387
BGP configuration examples................................................................................................................. 388
BGP basic configuration..............................................................................................................388
Network requirements...................................................................................................... 388
Configuration procedure...................................................................................................388
Route filter configuration............................................................................................................. 392
Network requirements...................................................................................................... 392
Configuration procedure...................................................................................................392
BGP route reflector configuration................................................................................................394
Network requirements...................................................................................................... 394
Configuration procedure...................................................................................................394
BGP path selection configuration................................................................................................396
Network requirements...................................................................................................... 396
Configuration procedure...................................................................................................397
BGP GR configuration.................................................................................................................399
Network requirements...................................................................................................... 399
Configuration procedure...................................................................................................400
Verification........................................................................................................................401
BGP show routines................................................................................................................................ 401
BGP solution use cases.........................................................................................................................408
Solution 1 — Campus iBGP........................................................................................................408
Solution 2 — Remote site iBGP.................................................................................................. 410
Troubleshooting BGP.............................................................................................................................410
Debug log messages.................................................................................................................. 410
No BGP peer relationship established.........................................................................................411
Chapter 18 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)............................. 412
Commands.............................................................................................................................................412
Per-session command VLAN...................................................................................................... 412
Set intervals......................................................................................................................412
Echo intervals...................................................................................................................414
Enable BFD under OSPF................................................................................................. 415
Enable BFD under VRRP.................................................................................................417
Set BFD authentication mode and password................................................................... 418
Design considerations for BFD authentication............................................................................ 422
Configuration Requirements.................................................................................................................. 422
BFD static routing.................................................................................................................................. 423
ip route bfd.......................................................................................................................... 423
show bfd...................................................................................................................................434
Smart link configuration commands.......................................................................................................436
Set BFD source IP address for echo packets............................................................................. 436
Enable BFD session....................................................................................................................437
Enable debug logging................................................................................................................. 438
Clear BFD statistics.....................................................................................................................438
VXLAN show commands....................................................................................................................... 440
Show all BFD sessions............................................................................................................... 440
Show the details of a particular BFD session..............................................................................441
Prerequisites.......................................................................................................................................... 442
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Chapter 19 Websites.................................................................................... 443
Chapter 20 Support and other resources.................................................. 444
Accessing Hewlett Packard Enterprise Support.................................................................................... 444
Accessing updates.................................................................................................................................444
Customer self repair...............................................................................................................................445
Remote support..................................................................................................................................... 445
Warranty information..............................................................................................................................445
Regulatory information...........................................................................................................................446
Documentation feedback....................................................................................................................... 446
Apple’s Bonjour and Google’s Chromecast.............................................. 447
Overview of Apple's Bonjour and Google's Chromecast....................................................................... 447
mDNS Gateway..................................................................................................................................... 447
Service filtering............................................................................................................................448
Wireless printer service process................................................................................................. 449
Wireless Printer advertising printer service.................................................................................449
Host 2 queries for printers...........................................................................................................450
iPhone 1 queries for printers....................................................................................................... 450
Limitations of the mDNS gateware and Chromecast............................................................................. 451
Profile and rule limit details.................................................................................................................... 451
mdns enable ...................................................................................................................................... 451
Create mDNS reflection......................................................................................................................... 452
Create or delete a mDNS profile............................................................................................................452
rule ..................................................................................................................................................... 452
Set the specific mDNS profile for VLAN.................................................................................................453
Set the global mDNS profile...................................................................................................................453
Show mdns ...........................................................................................................................................454
Show mDNS gateway............................................................................................................................ 454
Show mDNS profile configuration.......................................................................................................... 454
Show mDNS profile name......................................................................................................................455
Debug mDNS.........................................................................................................................................456
RMON table........................................................................................................................................... 456
Contents 17

This guide provides information on how to configure IGMP, PIM and routing protocols.
Applicable products
This guide applies to these products:
Aruba 3810 Switch Series (JL071A, JL072A, JL073A, JL074A, JL075A, JL076A)
Aruba 5400R zl2 Switch Series (J9821A, J9822A, J9850A, J9851A, JL001A, JL002A, JL003A, JL095A)
Switch prompts used in this guide
Examples in this guide are representative and may not match your particular switch/environment. Examples use
simplified prompts as follows:
Prompt Explanation
switch# # indicates manager context (authority).
switch> > indicates operator context (authority).
switch(config)# (config) indicates the config context.
switch(vlan-x)# (vlan-x) indicates the vlan context of config, where x
represents the VLAN ID. For example:
switch(vlan-128)#.
switch(eth-x)# (eth-x) indicates the interface context of config,
where x represents the interface. For example:
switch(eth-48)#.
switch-Stack# Stack indicates that stacking is enabled.
switch-Stack(config)# Stack(config) indicates the config context while
stacking is enabled.
switch-Stack(stacking)# Stack(stacking) indicates the stacking context of
config while stacking is enabled.
switch-Stack(vlan-x)# Stack(vlan-x) indicates the vlan context of config
while stacking is enabled, where x represents the
VLAN ID. For example: switch-
Stack(vlan-128)#.
switch-Stack(eth-x/y)# Stack(eth-x/y) indicates the interface context of
config, in the form (eth-<member-in-stack>/
<interface>). For example: switch(eth-1/48)#
Chapter 1
About this guide
18 Aruba 3810 / 5400R Multicast and Routing Guide for ArubaOS-
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Overview of IGMP
This chapter describes multimedia traffic control with IP multicast—Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).
IGMP reduces unnecessary bandwidth usage on a per-port basis.
More information
IGMP general operation and features on page 29
Enabling IGMP
IGMP is disabled in the default factory configuration. To enable:
Procedure
1. If multiple VLANs are not configured:
Configure IGMP on the default VLAN (DEFAULT_VLAN; VID=1.)
2. If multiple VLANs are configured:
Configure IGMP on a per-VLAN basis for every VLAN where the feature is of use.
Configuring and displaying IGMP (CLI)
show ip igmp vlan
Syntax
show ip igmp vlan vid
Description
Displays IGMP configuration for a specified VLAN or for all VLANs on the switch.
Example output
switch(config)# show ip igmp vlan 1
IGMP Service Protocol Info
Total VLANs with IGMP enabled : 30
Current count of multicast groups joined : 20
VLAN ID : 2
VLAN Name : VLAN2
IGMP version : 2
Querier Address : 10.255.128.2
Querier Port : A1
Querier UpTime : 1h 51m 59s
Querier Expiration Time : 2min 5sec
Ports with multicast routers: A1, A5-A6
Active Group Addresses Type Expires Ports Reports Queries
---------------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- ------- -------
Chapter 2
Multimedia traffic control with IP multicast (IGMP)
Chapter 2 Multimedia traffic control with IP multicast (IGMP) 19

226.0.6.7 Filter 2min 5sec A1 10 10
226.0.6.8 Standard 3min 20sec A2 20 20
Viewing the current IGMP configuration
Syntax
show ip igmp config
Description
Displays IGMP configuration for all VLANs on the switch.
Subcommands
show ip igmp vlan vid config
Displays IGMP configuration for a specific VLAN on the switch, including per-port data.
Example
Suppose you have the following VLAN and IGMP configurations on the switch:
VLAN ID VLAN name IGMP enabled Querier
1 DEFAULT_VLAN Yes No
22 VLAN-2 Yes Yes
33 VLAN-3 No Yes
You could use the CLI to display this data as follows:
Listing of IGMP configuration for all VLANs in the switch
switch(config)# show ip igmp config
IGMP Service Config
Control unknown multicast [Yes] : Yes
Forced fast leave timeout [0] : 4
Delayed flush timeout [0] : 0
VLAN ID VLAN Name IGMP Enabled Querier Allowed Querier Interval
------- ------------ ------------ --------------- ----------------
1 DEFAULT_VLAN Yes No 125
22 VLAN-2 Yes Yes 125
33 VLAN-3 No Yes 125
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