IBM Personal Computer XT User manual

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Personal Computer
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Hardware Reference
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Library
Guide to
Operations

Revised Edition (April 1984)
This product could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are
periodically made
to the information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new
editions of the publication.
It
is possible that this material may contain references to, or information about, IBM
products (machines and programs), programming or services that are not announced in
your country. Such references or information must not be construed to mean that IBM
intends to announce such IBM products, programming, or services in your country.
Products are not stocked at the address below. Requests for copies of this product and for
technical information about the system should be made
to your authorized IBM Personal
Computer dealer.
The
foUowing paragraph applies only to the United States and Puerto Rico: A Reader's
Comment Form
is provided at the back of this publication. If the form has been removed,
address comments to: IBM Corp., Personal Computer, P.O. Box 1328-C, Boca Raton,
Florida 33432. IBM may use
or distribute any of the information you supply in any way it
believes appropriate without incurring any obligations whatever.
© Copyright International Business Machines Corporation, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984
ii

FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS
COMMISSION RADIO FREQUENCY
INTERFERENCE STATEMENT
Warning: The equipment described herein has been
certified
to comply with the limits for a Class B
computing device, pursuant to Subpart J
of Part 15
of FCC rules. Only peripherals (computer
input/ output devices, terminals, printers, etc.)
certified to comply with the Class B limits may be
attached to this computer. Operation with
noncertified peripherals
is likely to result in
interference to radio and
TV reception. If
peripherals not offered by IBM are used with the
equipment, it is suggested to use shielded grounded
cables with in-line filters if necessary.
INSTRUCTIONS TO USER
This equipment generates and uses radio frequency
energy and if not installed and used properly, i.e., in
strict accordance with the operating instructions,
reference manuals, and the service manual, may cause
interference
to radio or TV reception. It has been
tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B
computing device pursuant
to Subpart J of Part 15 of
FCC rules, which are designed to provide reasonable
protection against such interference when operated in a
residential installation.
iii

If this equipment does cause interference to radio or
TV reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment off and on, the user
is encouraged to try to
correct the interference by one
or more of the following
measures:
• Reorient the receiving antenna.
• Relocate the equipment with respect to the receiver.
• Move the equipment away from the receiver.
• Plug the equipment into a different outlet so that
equipment and receiver are
on different branch
circuits.
• Ensure that card mounting screws, attachment
connector screws, and ground wires are tightly
secured.
• Ensure that card slot covers are in place when no
card is installed.
• If peripherals not offered by IBM are used with this
equipment, it is suggested to use shielded, grounded
cables, with in-line filters if necessary.
If necessary, consult your dealer service representative
for additional suggestions.
The manufacturer
is not responsible for any radio or
TV interference caused by unauthorized modifications
to this equipment.
It is the responsibility of the user to
correct such interference.
CAUTION
This product is equipped with a line cord and plug
for the user's safety.
It is to be used in conjuction
with a properly grounded receptacle to avoid
electrical shock.
iv

Preface
The Guide to Operations manual provides the
information you need to install and operate your IBM
Personal Computer XT, and to diagnose and correct
many problems that may occur. The manual consists of
six sections, each with an external tab to help you find
the section you want. A description of each section
follows.
SECTION 1, INTRODUCTION AND
INSTALLATION, provides a brief description of the
system unit, keyboard, printers, expansion unit, and
displays.
It also shows a typical system arrangement.
Cabling of the system
is shown, and the power-on self
test is described.
SECTION 2, PROBLEM DETERMINATION
PROCEDURES, describes the steps to correct
problems that may occur.
SECTION 3, OPERATING YOUR PERSONAL
COMPUTER XT, shows the location and describes the
operation
of the power switches, describes the
keyboard, and explains the operation of the various
units of the system.
SECTION 4,
OPTION INSTALLATION, is where you
file the installation instructions that come with any
option you purchase for your system. This section also
has charts showing how to set switches for your
particular system arrangement.
SECTION 5, MOVING YOUR IBM PERSONAL
COMPUTER XT, describes how to prepare your
system when you have to move it.
SECTION 6, TEMPLATES, provides graphic layouts
of keyboards for use with international keyboards and
National DOS.
v

A glossary of terms and abbreviations used in the
manual
is also included.
vi

Contents
SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION AND
INSTALLATION
........................ 1-1
Introduction
......................... 1-3
Example
of a System Arrangement .... 1-4
Option Examples
................. 1-5
Handling Diskettes
................ 1-7
Installation
.......................... 1-9
System Cabling
.................. 1-14
Keyboard Tilt Adjustment
......... 1-15
Power-On Self Test
.............. 1-16
Screen Alignment
Procedure. . . . . . .. 1-20
Summary
....................... 1-24
SECTION 2. PROBLEM DETERMINATION
PROCEDURES
.....••.................. 2-1
SECTION 3. OPERATING YOUR IBM
PERSONAL COMPUTER XT
.............. 3-1
System Unit
......................... 3-3
Keyboard
........................... 3-5
The Typewriter Area
.............. 3-6
The Numeric Keypad
............. 3-10
Function Keys
................... 3-14
Diskette Drive
....................... 3-15
Expansion Unit
...................... 3-17
IBM Monochrome Display
............. 3-18
IBM Color Display
................... 3-19
Power-On Control
............... 3-19
Contrast Control
................ 3-19
Brightness Control
............... 3-19
Vertical Hold Control
............. 3-20
Vertical Size Control
............. 3-21
SECTION 4. OPTION INSTALLATION
...... 4-1
How
to Use This Section ............... 4-3
Handling Static-Sensitive Devices
......... 4-4
System Board Switches
................. 4-7
vii

Coprocessor ..................... 4-8
Memory
........................ 4-8
Displays
........................ 4-9
5-1/4 Inch Diskette Drives ......... 4-10
Memory Option Switches
.............. 4-11
288K Total Memory
.............. 4-11
320K Total Memory
.............. 4-11
352K Total Memory
.............. 4-12
384K Total Memory
.............. 4-13
416K Total Memory
.............. 4-14
448K Total Memory
.............. 4-15
480K Total Memory
.............. 4-16
512K Total Memory
.............. 4-17
544K Total Memory
.............. 4-18
576 Total Memory
............... 4-19
608 Total Memory
............... 4-20
640K Total Memory
.............. 4-21
Extender Card Switches
............... 4-22
SECTION 5. MOVING YOUR IBM PERSONAL
COMPUTER XT
........................ 5-1
Preparing the System
Short Distance Move
.................. 5-8 ~,
.................. 5-3
Long Distance Move
................... 5-9
All Units
........................ 5-9
System Unit
..................... 5-9
Expansion Unit
.................. 5-10
Keyboard
...................... 5-11
IBM Monochrome or Color Display
.. 5-12
IBM Graphics Printer
............. 5-13
Installation
at New Location ............ 5-14
SECTION 6. KEYBOARD TEMPLATES
•..... 6-1
Introduction ......................... 6-3
French
............................. 6-5
German
............................. 6-7
Italian
.............................. 6-9
Spanish
............................ 6-11
u.K. English ........................ 6-13
U.S. English
........................ 6-15
GLOSSARY
•........................•. Glossary-!
viii

INDEX .................................. Index-l
ix

Notes:
x

SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION AND
INSTALLATION
Contents
Introduction ............................. 1-3
Example of a System Arrangement ......... 1-4
Option Examples
....................... 1-5
Handling Diskettes
.. ~ ................ ,. 1-7
Installation ............................... 1-9
System Cabling ....................... 1-14
Keyboard Tilt
Adjust~ent ............... 1-15
Power-On Self Test
.................... 1-16
Screen Alignment Procedure
............. 1-20
Summary .......................... ,. 1-24
Introd~ction 1-1

Notes:
1-2 Introduction

Introduction
The basic IBM Personal Computer XT consists of a
system unit and keyboard. The system unit has a
10M-byte fixed disk drive, a dual-sided diskette drive,
an Asynchronous Communications Adapter, 128K
bytes
of memory, and five expansion slots. The
keyboard, which
is what you use to send data to your
system, attaches to the system unit with a 2-meter
(6-foot) coiled cable. The keyboard consists of three
major sections: the typewriter area, the numeric
keypad, and the function keys.
You can add various options to your
system-a display,
a printer, an expansion unit, a fixed disk drive, memory,
and more.
The IBM Personal Computer XT
is designed for use
with monitors or televisions that meet either the
National Television System Committee (NTSC)l or the
Electronics Industry Association (EIA) RS 170
standards. Therefore, if your device does not meet
these standards, it may not function properly.
Several printers are available for printout
or hard-copy
of your data files. The IBM Graphics Printer and the
IBM Color Printer provide bidirectional printing in
several character sizes
on single- or multi-part forms.
A Compact Printer
is also available at a very attractive
price.
The expansion unit provides space for additional
options to be attached to your IBM Personal Computer
XT. The expansion unit comes equipped with a
10M-byte fixed disk drive and after installation,
contains two 10M-byte fixed disk drives and six
available expansion slots.
The National Television System Committee has set United States
broadcast standards.
Introduction 1-3

Example of a System Arrangement
IBM Monochrome Display
System Unit
Expansion Unit
10 Megabyte
Wl-.__-:;7 Fixed Disk
IBM Graphics Printer
1-4 Introduction

Option
Exalllples
These are optionswhich
yOU
can
add
externally
to
your
system.
\8M
Monochrome
Disp\a,
•
..
•
CIt
\8M
Graphics
Printer
\8M
Co\or
Disp\a,
\8M
Co\or
printer
\8M
Compact
Printer
Introduction
1-5

Option Examples
These are some of the options which you can install in
your system unit or expansion unit.
Asynchronous Communications
IBM Monochrome Display
Adapter
and Printer Adapter
64/256 Kb Memory
Expansion Option
Printer Adapter
Color/Graphics
Monitor Adapter
Prototype Card
t -6 Introduction

Handling Diskettes
The figures below show some proper and improper
ways
of handling your diskettes. Proper handling
greatly reduces the possibility of damage.
Proper
Felt Tip Only Grasp by When
Not In Use
Corner
o
go
o
Improper
Don't Bend No Pencils, No Clips,
No Ballpoints
Don't
.-==-;1-'--------,
Touch
Disk
-==--------, No
Cleaning
~
Introduction 1- 7

Notes:
1-8 Introduction