Intellijel Scales User manual
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Scales Manual
Scales
Dual Channel Note Quantizer and Step Sequencer
Manual Revision: 2019.01.13
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Scales
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Compliance
Installation
Installing Your Module
Overview
Front Panel
Inputs & Outputs
Controls
MODES
Scale Display Mode
LEARN Mode
CONFIG Mode
SHIFT MODE: PRE
SHIFT MODE: DIATONIC
SHIFT MODE: POST
SHIFT MODE: OUT A
SHIFT MODE: OUT B
SHIFT MODE: ROOT
SHIFT MODE: SCALE
A -> TRIG
B -> TRIG
OUT B: CHROM
OUT B: DIATONIC
OUT B: DUAL
OUT B: SEQ
ROOT Mode
INTRVL Mode
Tuning Mode
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Scales
SAVE Mode
LOAD Mode
Appendix A: Using SEQ Mode
Enter SEQ Mode
Record a Sequence
Playback a Sequence
Transpose a Sequence
Replace Notes In a Sequence
Overwrite An Existing Sequence
Clear a Sequence
Save and Load Sequences
Clocking the Sequencer
Resetting the Sequencer
Appendix B: Factory Scales
Bank 1: Major Scale & Modes
Bank 2: Melodic Minor Scale & Modes
Bank 3: Harmonic Minor Scale & Modes
Bank 4: Special Scales
Bank 5: World Scales
Appendix C: Calibration
OUT A Calibration
OUT B Calibration
PITCH Calibration
SHIFT Calibration
Appendix D: Firmware
Firmware Version Display
Technical Specifications
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Scales
Compliance
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that
may cause undesired operation.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Intellijel Designs, Inc. could
void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
Any digital equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the
equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates,
uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications.
This device meets the requirements of the following standards and directives:
EMC: 2014/30/EU
EN55032:2015 ; EN55103-2:2009 (EN55024) ; EN61000-3-2 ; EN61000-3-3
Low Voltage: 2014/35/EU
EN 60065:2002+A1:2006+A11:2008+A2:2010+A12:2011
RoHS2: 2011/65/EU
WEEE: 2012/19/EU
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Scales
Installation
Intellijel Eurorack modules are designed to be used with a Eurorack-compatible case and power
supply. We recommend you use Intellijel cases and power supplies.
Before installing a new module in your case, you must ensure your power supply has a free
power header and sufficient available capacity to power the module:
● Sum up the specified +12V current draw for all modules, including the new one. Do the
same for the -12 V and +5V current draw. The current draw will be specified in the
manufacturer's technical specifications for each module.
● Compare each of the sums to specifications for your case’s power supply.
● Only proceed with installation if none of the values exceeds the power supply’s
specifications. Otherwise you must remove modules to free up capacity or upgrade your
power supply.
You will also need to ensure your case has enough free space (hp) to fit the new module. To
prevent screws or other debris from falling into the case and shorting any electrical contacts, not
leave gaps between adjacent modules, and cover all unused areas with blank panels. Similarly,
do not use open frames or any other enclosure that exposes the backside of any module or the
power distribution board.
You can use a tool like ModularGrid to assist in your planning. Failure to adequately power your
modules may result in damage to your modules or power supply. If you are unsure, please
contact us before proceeding.
Installing Your Module
When installing or removing a module from your case
always turn off the power to the case and disconnect the
power cable. Failure to do so may result in serious injury
or equipment damage.
Ensure the 10-pin connector on the power cable is
connected correctly to the module before proceeding.
The red stripe on the cable must line up with the -12V
pins on the module’s power connector. The pins are
indicated with the label -12V, a white stripe next to the
connector, the words “red stripe”, or some combination of
those indicators.
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Scales
Most modules will come with the cable already connected but it is good to double check the
orientation. Be aware that some modules may have headers that serve other purposes so
ensure the cable is connected to the right one.
The other end of the cable, with a 16-pin
connector, connects to the power bus board of
your Eurorack case. Ensure the red stripe on
the cable lines up with the -12V pins on the
bus board. On Intellijel power supplies the
pins are labelled with the label “-12V” and a
thick white stripe:
If you are using another manufacturer’s power
supply, check their documentation for
instructions.
Once connected, the cabling between the module and power supply should resemble the
picture below:
Before reconnecting power
and turning on your modular
system, double check that the
ribbon cable is fully seated on
both ends and that all the pins
are correctly aligned. If the
pins are misaligned in any
direction or the ribbon is
backwards you can cause
damage to your module,
power supply, or other
modules.
After you have confirmed all
the connections, you can
reconnect the power cable and turn on your modular system. You should immediately check that
all your modules have powered on and are functioning correctly. If you notice any anomalies,
turn your system off right away and check your cabling again for mistakes.
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Scales
Overview
Scales is an 8hp dual-channel note quantizer and step sequencer. Fundamentally, it takes an
input voltage, quantizes it to notes in a user-defined scale, and sends that quantized voltage to
an output, where you can use it as a melodic pitch source for oscillators or any other module
that expects to see discreet note values at its input.
This makes it possible to turn LFO’s into arpeggiators; random voltages into harmonic
counterpoint; and unquantized external CV sequencers into chromatically tuned note
sequencers.
But Scales goes far beyond the fundamental, allowing you unprecedented control of the pitches
and intervals hiding inside your control voltages.
For example, Scales features two independent outputs, enabling you to create shifted harmonic
intervals within your chosen scale using only a single pitch input. Scales can even be split into
two quantizers — each conforming to a common scale, but fed entirely different voltage
sources.
Quantization can be triggered or untriggered. If untriggered, voltages are quantized and output
whenever the input voltage changes enough to force a new note. If triggered, new quantization
values are output only when an input trigger is received, allowing you to precisely time your
quantization to external events. Similarly, there are a number of trigger output options as well,
ranging from no triggering (good for pitch shifting drones); through triggers that sync with either
of the two outputs (or both); to a trigger or gate transmitted in sync with one sent to the module’s
trigger input.
And since the module is called “Scales” (plural) and not “Scale” (singular), you can bet it has the
ability to save and recall up to 35 different scale patterns, arranged in 5 banks (black keys) of 7
scales each (white keys). An assortment of factory scale patterns is provided with the module,
but you can overwrite these with your own scales anytime you wish. You can even use external
CV to switch between scales or to change the root of any existing scale pattern.
And if all this weren’t enough, Scales even doubles as a 128-step SH-101 style step sequencer
(complete with storage for up to 35 fully programmable patterns) — allowing you to feed OUTB
with internally created notes and rhythm patterns, while OUTA continues to function as a
standard pitch quantizer for external voltages.
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Scales
Front Panel
Inputs & Outputs
A. PITCH IN - Connect the signal you wish to quantize to this input. Any voltage from -10V
to 10V will be quantized and sent to the OUTA and OUTB jacks in accordance with
Scales’ parameter settings.
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Scales
B. TRIG IN - With a trigger or gate signal inserted in this jack, Scales will sample the PITCH
input every time the trigger goes high, sending the nearest quantized pitch to OUTA and
OUTB (in accordance with their output configuration settings).
If nothing is inserted into the TRIG IN jack, Scales will continuously sample the PITCH
input and compare it to the active scale. Every time the pitch changes enough to trigger
a new quantization value, Scales sends the newly quantized pitch to OUTA and OUTB
(in accordance with their output configuration settings).
If Scales is in SEQ Mode, this jack functions as a clock input.
In the example shown top-right,
no TRIG input is used. A Steady
voltage sweep is sent to the
PITCH in, and the active scale is
as shown. The quantized output
value changes whenever the
input voltage crosses another
quantization threshold.
In the example shown
bottom-right, a TRIG input is
used. A steady voltage sweep is
sent to the PITCH in, and the
active scale is as shown. Scales
only outputs a new quantized
voltage when it receives a TRIG
input.
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Scales
C. SHIFT IN - Connect a modulation source (such as a second sequencer output, LFO,
offset generator or keyboard) to this input to shift the range of quantized outputs
up/down in accordance with various SHIFT Mode options (accessed via CONFIG Mode).
This input accepts a -10V to 10V signal.
If Scales is in DUAL mode, the SHIFT input functions as a dedicated PITCH input for
OUTB.
If Scales is in SEQ Mode, the SHIFT input functions as a reset jack — a trigger received
here resets the internal sequencer to the first step.
D. OUT A - Outputs a quantized version of the signal appearing at the PITCH input jack.
Quantized output voltages fall within a 20 Octave (-10V to 10V) range, tuned to 1V/Oct,
and conform to the currently active scale notes and (if applicable) any scale shifts routed
to OUTA.
E. OUT B - Outputs a quantized version of the signal appearing at the PITCH input jack.
Quantized output voltages fall within a 20 Octave (-10V to 10V) range, tuned to 1V/Oct,
and conform to the currently active scale notes and (if applicable) any scale shifts routed
to OUTB.
If Scales is in DUAL mode, then OUTB quantizes voltages sent into the SHIFT input to
the active scale, enabling the unit to quantize two entirely different voltage inputs to a
common scale.
If Scales is in SEQ Mode, then OUTB is the output of the step sequencer.
F. TRIG OUT - Outputs a trigger or gate setting depending on how Scales is configured.
Specifically, if both A >TRIG and B>TRIG are turned off in CONFIG Mode, then
Scales thru’s any gate arriving at the TRIG In jack to the TRIG Out jack. If either (or
both) A >TRIG and B>TRIG are turned on in CONFIG Mode, then Scales sends a
trigger to the TRIG Out only when OUTA and/or OUTB detects a quantized pitch
change.
If Scales is in SEQ Mode, TRIG > A and B > TRIG are exclusive. If neither are selected,
incoming gates on TRIG In will be passed through to TRIG Out and advance the
sequence. When TRIG > A is selected, the sequencer becomes tied to the quantizer; a
quantized pitch change detected on OUT A will advance the sequence and fire a trig on
the TRIG Out. When TRIG > B is selected, an incoming gate on TRIGIn will advance
the sequence, but not pass through to TRIG Out unless the sequencer is playing.
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Scales
Controls
1. MULTIFUNCTION buttons - These buttons perform different tasks depending on which
mode is currently active. In Scales’ default mode (none of the bottom buttons [2]-[7] are
lit), it’s in Scale Display Mode, and the buttons set/display the scale notes. In ROOT
Mode, they set the scale’s root note; in INTRVL Mode, they set the interval amounts; in
SAVE and LOAD Modes, they select the Bank and Preset slot of the scale you wish to
save or load; and in CONFIG Mode, they set the options indicated by the labels to the
right.
2. LEARN button - Press this button to enter Learn Mode and light the button. Use Learn
Mode to enter a scale via the PITCH input jack. This is particularly useful if, for example,
you want to quantize Scales to match the scale used by another sequencer or pitch
source, and don’t know exactly what scale that device is using.
NOTE: A short press of the LEARN button retains the active scale, and any notes you
add via Learn Mode will be added to that scale. A long-press (>1 sec) of the LEARN
button clears the active scale, so any notes you add via Learn Mode define the scale
entirely.
In SEQ Mode, this button shifts the note scale down one octave when recording a
sequence.
3. CONFIG button - Press this button to enter CONFIG Mode and light the button. Exit
CONFIG Mode by pressing the button again, returning to Scale Display Mode.
CONFIG Mode contains numerous parameters, all of which are indicated by the labels to
the right of the MULTIFUNCTION buttons. Use CONFIG mode to configure all the Shift
options (as indicated by the labels with the blue background), Trigger options (red
background), and OUTB options (grey background). See CONFIG Mode to learn about
all the various configuration options.
In SEQ Mode, this button shifts the note scale up one octave when recording a
sequence.
4. ROOT button - Press this button to enter ROOT Mode and light the button. Exit ROOT
Mode by pressing the button again, returning to Scale Display Mode.
In ROOT Mode, the MULTIFUNCTION buttons display notes, which you use to set the
root of the scale. Pushing any of the note buttons transposes the scale pattern so it’s
rooted at that note. Holding any of the note buttons sets that note as the root without
transposing the pattern.
In SEQ Mode, this button inserts a rest into the step sequence when recording a
sequence.
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Scales
5. INTRVL button - Press this button to enter INTRVL Mode and light the button. Exit
INTRVL Mode by pressing the button again, returning to Scale Display Mode.
INTRVL Mode sets the interval of OUT B relative to OUT A, and the MULTIFUNCTION
buttons are used to display and edit that interval. Specifically, the “C” note is an interval
of 0 semitones, C# is one semitone, D is two, etc. Click a note button once to apply a
positive interval offset to OUTB (indicated by a green note button). Click a note button a
second time to turn it red, and apply a negative interval offset to OUTB.
In SEQ Mode, pressing this button will tie (or slur) the previously entered note to the next
note you enter, when recording a sequence.
6. SAVE button - Press this button to enter SAVE Mode and light the button.
This mode saves scales to the EEPROM memory. The black buttons select the scale
bank, with bank 1 on C#, bank 2 on D#, etc. The white buttons select the actual “slot”
into which you wish to save your scale pattern.
In SEQ Mode, a long-press (>1 sec) of this button enables you to save sequences,
rather than scale patterns, while a short-press plays the internal step sequence in time
with a clock received at the TRIG input jack.
7. LOAD button - Press this button to light the LOAD button and enter LOAD Mode.
This mode loads scales from the EEPROM memory. The black buttons select the scale
bank, with bank 1 on C#, bank 2 on D#, etc. Clicking a white button loads the current
scale pattern from that location within a bank and exits LOAD Mode.
In SEQ Mode, a long-press (>1 sec) of this button enables you to load sequences, rather
than scale patterns, while a short-press of this button enables/disables recording. When
recording is enabled, the note, rest and tie buttons are used to step-record a sequence.
8. Trigger LED - Lights every time Scales sends a trigger (or gate) signal to its TRIG out
jack.
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Scales
MODES
Though it masquerades as a simple and elegant quantizer, below the surface lies a multitude of
functions, options, and capabilities that transcend what one might traditionally expect from a
quantizer. These features are accessed via the numerous blue buttons at the bottom of the
module, which reassign the functionality of the the vertical scale note buttons and the in/out
jacks at the top.
The following sections discuss these various modes in detail.
Scale Display Mode
When none of the lower buttons are lit, Scales is in Scale
Display Mode. In this mode, the 12Multifunction buttons
are used to display and define an active scale (the notes
to which the incoming PITCH voltage is quantized). The
12 buttons are arranged like a one-octave vertically
oriented keyboard, with “C” at the bottom and “B” at the
top. The “black keys” are the five buttons in the left
column, and the “white keys” are the seven buttons in
the right column.
Push a button to toggle the corresponding note
assignment on or off. Notes that are “on” and included in
the currently active scale glow green. When a note
button lights red, it indicates the note value to which
Scales is currently quantizing OUTA. Notes being sent
to OUTB light yellow. If the notes being sent to both
OUTA and OUTB are the same, only the red light is
used.
The Scale Display is always active, meaning you can
turn notes on/off while Scales continues to quantize
incoming voltages.
IMPORTANT: The scale you are editing is volatile and
will not be recalled unless you save it to a bank and
preset.
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Scales
LEARN Mode
Press the LEARN button to enter Learn Mode. Use Learn Mode to enter a scale via the PITCH
input jack. This is particularly useful if, for example, you want to quantize Scales to match the
scale used by another sequencer or pitch source, and don’t know exactly what scale that device
is using.
1. Press or long-press the LEARN button to enter Learn Mode.
A short press of the LEARN button retains the active scale, and any notes you add via
Learn Mode will be added to that scale.
A long-press (>1 sec) of the LEARN button clears the active scale, so any notes you add
via Learn Mode define the scale entirely.
2. Connect a pitch source to PITCH In jack, and a gate or trigger source to the TRIG In
jack.
This could be the pitch & gate outputs of a keyboard, sequencer, tetrapad, or any other
such device.
3. Play the desired pitches on the external device.
Scales will add any notes you play on the external device to the active scale, lighting the
corresponding note buttons on Scales.
4. When you’re done learning the external scale, press the LEARN button again to exit
Learn Mode, and use Scales as you normally would.
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Scales
CONFIG Mode
Press the CONFIG button to enter CONFIG mode (indicated by the glowing blue CONFIG
button). CONFIG mode sets numerous configuration options for the Scales module and, itself,
contains several sub modes. Specifically, use CONFIG mode to:
● Specify how the SHIFT input is interpreted. For example, it can be summed with the
PITCH input (either PRE quantizer, POST quantizer, or DIATONICALLY) to provide a
shifted output; or it can be used to change the root of the scale, or even the scale itself;
and in Sequencer Mode, it functions as a reset trigger.
● Assign the Shifted value to either OUTA, OUTB, neither, or both
● Configure whether a trigger is sent to the TRIG output whenever OUTA changes
quantization value; OUTB changes quantization value; both; or neither.
● Assign a delay to any incoming TRIG signal. (Some external sequencers take longer to
stabilize their output voltages, so adding some delay to Scales’ detection algorithm can
prevent false readings from a lethargic device).
● Configure OUTB to either chromatically or diatonically offset its pitch, relative to OUTA,
by a defined INTERVAL amount.
● Configure Scales as a DUAL quantizer. In this mode, the PITCH input is quantized to the
active scale and sent to OUTA, while the SHIFT input is quantized to the same active
scale, and sent to OUTB.
● Configure Scales as a 128-step, 101-style step sequencer, with the output of the
sequencer sent to OUTB.
● Calibrate Scales’ OUTA, OUTB, PITCH in and SHIFT in values.
The following sections discuss each of these Config Modes in detail.
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Scales
SHIFT MODE: PRE
In CONFIG Mode, press the PRE(B) button to
set Scales’ shifted output to “PRE scale
quantizer.”
The value of the PITCH input is quantized to its
nearest chromatic value. The actual value of the
SHIFT input is then added to the PITCH input
and the resulting sum is quantized to the active
scale.
Look at the example to the right. Assume
Scales is set to a CMajor scale. If the PITCH
input is C# (1semitone aboveC) and the SHIFT
input is D (2semitones aboveC), then the sum
is 3semitones, or D#. But since the active scale
is a CMajor scale, and D# is not in that scale,
the actual value of the shifted note is raised
toE.
Any output assigned to a Shift Mode of PRE will
always output a shifted note that conforms to
the selected scale.
NOTE: The PRE button/option is unavailable if
OUTB is set to DUAL mode (C button) since, in
that mode, the SHIFT input acts as a dedicated
PITCH input for OUTB.
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Scales
SHIFT MODE: DIATONIC
In CONFIG Mode, press the DIATONIC(A#)
button to set Scales’ shifted output to “Diatonic.”
The value of the PITCH input is quantized to its
nearest Active Scale value, and used to define
the zero point of the diatonic transposition. The
value of the SHIFT input (in semitones) is then
used to define the number of scale degrees by
which the shifted output is changed.
Look at the example to the right. Assume
Scales is set to a CMajor scale. If the PITCH
input is C# (1semitone aboveC) then it is
shifted to D by the C Major scale. If the SHIFT
input is D# (+3 semitones), then Diatonic Mode
uses this value to set the number of scale
degrees (not semitones) by which the quantized
PITCH input is shifted. So 3 scale degrees
above the D note (in the active C Maj scale) is
aG.
Any output assigned to a Shift Mode of
DIATONIC will always output a shifted note that
conforms to the selected scale.
NOTE: The DIATONIC button/option is
unavailable if OUTB is set to DUAL mode
(Cbutton) since, in that mode, the SHIFT input
acts as a dedicated PITCH input for OUTB.
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Scales
SHIFT MODE: POST
In CONFIG Mode, press the POST(A) button to
set Scales’ shifted output to “Post scale
quantizer.”
The value of the PITCH input is quantized to its
nearest Active Scale value. The actual value of
the SHIFT input is then added to the quantized
PITCH input and the resulting sum is sent to the
shifted output.
Look at the example to the right. Assume
Scales is set to a CMajor scale. If the PITCH
input is C# (1semitone aboveC), then it is
shifted to D by the C Major scale (2 semitones
above C). If the SHIFT input is E (4semitones
aboveC), then the sum is 6semitones, or F#,
and this is the note sent to the shifted output.
Outputs assigned to a Shift Mode of POST are
not constrained by the active scale, meaning
the shifted output may be any note in the
chromatic scale.
NOTE: The POST button/option is unavailable if
OUTB is set to DUAL mode (Cbutton) since, in
that mode, the SHIFT input acts as a dedicated
PITCH input for OUTB.
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Scales
SHIFT MODE: OUT A
In CONFIG Mode, press the OUT A (G#) button to enable or disable Shift Mode for OUTA.
● If Shift Mode is OFF for OUTA, then the button in unlit, and OUTA contains
scale-quantized values of the PITCH input.
● If Shift Mode is ON for OUTA, then the button is lit, and OUTA contains quantized
values that result from a combination of the PITCH and SHIFT inputs, the active scale,
and the Shift Mode setting (PRE, DIATONIC or POST).
OUTA can be independently enabled or disabled from OUTB, meaning it’s possible for both
outputs to be shifted; either to be shifted; or neither.
SHIFT MODE: OUT B
In CONFIG Mode, press the OUTB (G) button to enable or disable Shift Mode for OUTB.
● If Shift Mode is OFF for OUTB, then the button in unlit, and OUTB contains
scale-quantized values of the PITCH input.
● If Shift Mode is ON for OUTB, then the button is lit, and OUTB contains quantized
values that result from a combination of the PITCH and SHIFT inputs, the active scale,
and the Shift Mode setting (PRE, DIATONIC or POST).
OUTB can be independently enabled or disabled from OUTA, meaning it’s possible for both
outputs to be shifted; either to be shifted; or neither.
NOTE: When in Scale Display Mode, quantized note values being sent to OUTA light red, while
notes being sent to OUTB light yellow. If the notes being sent to both OUTA and OUTB are
the same, only the red light is used.
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Scales
SHIFT MODE: ROOT
In CONFIG Mode, press the ROOT (F#) button to use the SHIFT input (1V/Oct) to select the
root note of the current scale pattern.
For example, assume your current scale is Cmaj (C D E F G A B); If you send a D note into the
SHIFT input, then the active scale shifts to Dmaj (D E F# G A B C#) and any voltages arriving at
the pitch input get quantized to the Dmaj scale, rather than the Cmaj scale.
SHIFT MODE: SCALE
In CONFIG Mode, press the SCALE (F) button to use the SHIFT input (± 0-5 V) to select a
scale from the most recently loaded or saved bank. There are 7 scale patterns in a bank, so
every 0.7V (approximately) will load a new scale, with 0V selecting the first scale in the bank
(the one assigned to the C-note slot).
NOTE: If Scales is in SCALE Shift Mode, then front panel scale editing is not possible (since
scale selection is under voltage control). If you want to manually enter scale patterns, you
cannot be in SCALE Shift Mode.
Page 19
Table of contents
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