JDS Uniphase IP Video Test Option HST-3000 User manual

Revision 9.0
March 2012
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HST-3000 VDSL QUICK CARD
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Resistive Fault Location (RFL) Test
Purpose
e purpose of this test is to identify and locate resistive fault conditions such as shorts, grounds and battery
crosses faults.
How RFL works
A technician places a strap or short from the faulted wire to a good wire or pair and performs RFL using a
series of precise resistance (ohmmeter) measurements to accurately determine the resistance to a fault. During
this test, the resistance to the strap (short) is determined along with the fault size. After these measurements,
both the temperature and gauge of the copper wire are taken into consideration and an ohms-to-feet conver-
sion is performed. e results provide information such as DTF (distance to fault), DTS (distance to strap),
and DSTF (distance strap to fault).
e RFL test performed with the HST-3000 (CAT 500 H/W)
When using an HST-3000 for an RFL test, the terms tip, ring, and ground are not used. Instead, the connec-
tions are as follows:
For separate pair RFL measurement, the HST-3000 blue test lead and the HST-3000 green test lead are con-
nected to a known “good” pair.
Connect to Faulted “Bad” Wire
Connect to “Reference“ Good Wire
(Typically ground or shield)
Connect to Unfaulted or “Good” Wire

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Resistive Fault Location (RFL) Test
Two Methods for Performing an RFL Test
Separate pair method (CAT 500 H/W)
e separate pair method is preferred because it is the only method that can be used for a double-sided fault
(both wires in a pair are faulted). In this case, the user locates a known good pair, or if the distance to the strap
is not too long, lays out a separate pair of wires across the ground to use as the known good pair. A strap is
placed from each lead of the known good pair to the faulted lead, or the known good pair is strapped together
and then strapped to the faulted wire. After these straps are placed, the loop is ready for RFL separate pair test-
ing.

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Resistive Fault Location (RFL) Test
Two Methods for Performing an RFL Test
RFL Test Single Pair Method (CAT 500 H/W)
Single pair testing should be used only if the separate pair method is not an option. is situation occurs when
there is no known good pair and if only one side (lead) of the pair under test is faulted. To perform single pair
RFL testing, the technician straps the good wire in the pair under test to the faulted (bad) wire. It is impor-
tant to note that RFL testing takes approximately 30 to 40 seconds. Arrows indicating the paths that are being
tested will be displayed on the HST-3000’s screen. Once the test is completed, each result will be shown in
either ohms or feet.
Temperature and Gauge: e temperature and gauge of the wires must be entered into the HST-3000 before
an accurate distance conversion can be performed.
Temperature: As the wires’ temperature changes, so does their resistance. For example, the higher the temper-
ature is, the greater the resistance. Because RFL determines the location of the fault through a series of resis-
tance measurements, the accuracy of the distance conversion is skewed in proportion to the dierence between
the temperature setting and the actual temperature.
Gauge: Gauge aects distance conversion because dierent gauge wires have dierent levels of resistance. (See
Table 5 below.) e higher the gauge is; the greater the resistance.
Measurement Pass
19 gauge/.8mm 16.09 Ohms/1000 feet (305m)
22 gauge/.6mm 32.4 Ohms/1000 feet (305m)
24 gauge/.4mm 51.32 Ohms/1000 feet (305m)
26 gauge/.4mm 82.01 Ohms/1000 feet (305m)
NOTE1: Typical ohms-per-feet/meter values
Table: 5 - Preferred and Non-Preferred Fault-Finding with a TDR

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Resistive Fault Location (RFL) Test
Two Methods for Performing an RFL Test
RFL Test Single Pair Method (CAT 500 H/W) (continued)
It is possible to have more than one gauge of wire over the length of the cable. ere are dierent methods
for adjusting the temperature and gauge when performing RFL testing on multi-gauge and single gauge cable
spans.
Single-Gauge Cable Span: It is easy to adjust the temperature and gauge displayed on the HST-3000’s RFL
testing screen. Before or after the test is complete, push the Up Arrow to raise the temperature and the Down
Arrow to lower it. Push the Left Arrow and Right Arrow keys to increase or decrease the gauge of the wire.
e HST-3000 automatically recalculates the RFL results to reect the change.

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Resistive Fault Location (RFL) Test
Two Methods for Performing an RFL Test
RFL Test Single Pair Method (CAT 500 H/W) (continued)
Multi-Gauge Cable Span: Technicians use the multi-gauge setup option to accurately measure a pair con-
taining sections of multiple gauges and/or cable with dierent temperatures (buried and aerial). Because these
variables aect the resistance of the pair, the accuracy of the conversion is also aected. erefore, the HST-
3000 must be congured to closely reect the true conditions of the pair. e larger the error for cable gauge
or temperature is, the greater the impact these variables will have on the accuracy of the measurements.
To prevent any discrepancies that can cause a distance conversion to be inaccurate, enter the gauge, tempera-
ture, and distance for each section of cable by following these steps:
1. Press the
Conf gure action key
2. Press the Display soft key
3. Select “Display Multi-Cable Setup”
To add new sections of cable, press the Add soft key. When prompted, enter the gauge, temperature, and
length of the cable section. If the Delete soft key is pressed, it will delete the last section listed. After entering
each section of cable is entered, press the Home or Cancel button. To enter an unknown value for tempera-
ture or distance on one section of cable, type #; the HST will calculate the value of this missing eld.
4. Press the Actions soft key and select “Use Multi Gauge Cable Span”

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Resistive Fault Location (RFL) Test
CAT 510 Hardware:
In eorts for continuous improvement, the latest hardware circuit board (CAT 510) adds new RFL functions
and features, outlined below.
Green on Ground- Instead of connecting the Green lead to the GOOD wire, Green is connect to Ground for
both single pair and separate good pair RFL.
Automatic Lead Reversal: Occasionally, a technician will incorrectly connect the Red or Faulted lead to the
Good conductor. When this occurs the RFL test will still display distance to fault results but warn the operator
of the incorrect hookup for single good pair RFL.
Connect to Faulted “Bad” Wire
Connect to Unfaulted “ Good Wire
Connect to “Reference” Wire
(Typically ground or shield)

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RFL Test
Cat 510 Hardware
K-Test
e HST-3000 equipped with the CAT 510 copper board adds an additional RFL test feature called K (Kup-
fmuller) Test. e K-Test highlights its to locate double sided cable faults when no “good pair” is available.
is scenario is common when Pulp or Paper insulated cable is damaged.
1. e K-Test requires the following criteria:
a. Will provide accurate results on loops less than 7000 Ohm
b. Will provide accurate results for common cable faults up to 20 Mega Ohm
c. e fault ratio between the two faulted conductors must be at least 2:1
d. e highest fault value must be at least 100 times greater than the loop Ohm
e. e two faults must occur at the same physical location in the cable
f. Because the K-Test is a two step process it is most eectively used in conjunction with the UFED.
UltraFED (uFED)
e ULTRA Far End Device (FED) is used as a test aid with other test equipment (such as the JDSU HST-
3000c) when performing copper tests. After a technician has connected the FED to the far end of the pair
under test and has connected other test set to the near end, the near end equipment controls the FED using
DTMF tones to allow two-ended pair testing with a single piece of test equipment.
UFED Functions
• Open All
• rough Mode
• RFL Strap Mode
• Spectral Tone
• Wideband Balance
• Trace Mode
• Tip, Ring, Ground strap
• Tip, Ring Short
• Pair one, Pair Two short
• Quiet Term
• Single Tone
• ADSL2+ Tone sweep
• VDSL2 Tone sweep

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VDSL2 TEST
RFL Test
Cat 510 Hardware
Using the K-Test
1. Using the HST-3000 Ohm meter, the technician identies two
conductors which meet the above criteria for the K-Test. It is
important to note these can be any two conductors in the cable
provided they meet the ratio requirements listed above.
2. e technician attaches the Blue test leads of the UFED to the
chosen conductors (and attaches the ground lead to Earth) and
turns on the UFED locate tone.
3. e technician goes to the far end of the test section, locates the
two conductors and performs the K-Test.
4. From the HST-3000’s RFL menu, technician selects Display soft
key, 8 - K-Test W/FED
5. Connect Tip, Ring and Ground as shown and select Start RFL
6. e HST will communicate with the UFED and perform the K-Test

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RFL Test
Cat 510 Hardware
Using the K-Test (continued)
7. e HST will determine if the ratio between conductors is correct.
If an invalid ratio is present the HST will abort the K-Test.
8. To determine CAT version, System-Tools, 4 Options/Revs/Copy-
right, Revisions HST-000-500-03 Rev 510 (g6)