Keithley 7054 User manual

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Model 7054 High Voltage
Scanner Card
Instruction Manual
Contains Operating and Servicing Information
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WARRANTY
Keithky Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of 3 years fmm
date of shipment.
Keithky Inshuments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable batter-
ies, diskettes, and documentation.
During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defective.
To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley representative. or contact Keitbley headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. You
will be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility.
Repairs will be made and the pmduct retomed, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance
of the orighd warranty period, or at least 90 days.
LIMITATIONOF WARRANTY
This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley’s express written consent, or misuse
of any product or part. Tbis warranty also does not apply to fuses, software. non-rechargeable batteries, damage from battery leak-
age.,or problems arising from normal wear or failurc to follow instructions.
THISWARRANTYISINLJELJOFALLOTHEXW-, EXPRJZXED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN
ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.
m KEZTHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONS!ZQJENTlAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRU-
MENTS AND SOFTWARE EVBN IF KFJTHLBY INSTRUMENTS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED To:
COSTS OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINEZI AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR
DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.
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Model 7054 High Voltage Scannr Card
Instruction Manual
Q 1987, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
TestInstrumentation Group
All rights reserved.
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
February 1987, Third Printing
Document Number: 7054-901-01 Rec. C
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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
The following safety precautions should be observed before using this
product and any associated instrumentation. Although some instruments
and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages,
there are situations where hazardous conditions may be present.
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize
shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required to
avoid possible injury. Read the operating information carefully before us-
ing the product.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltage
may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures. The American
National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists
when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V peak, or 60VDC are
present. A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is
present in any unknown circuit before measuring.
Before operating an instrument, make sure the line cord is connected to a
properly grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting cables, test
leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other
instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test. ALWAYS re-
move power from the entire test system and discharge any capacitors be-
fore: connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers, installing or
removing switching cards, or making internal changes, such as installing
or removing jumpers.
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common
side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) ground. Always make
measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface
capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and acces-
sories, as defined in the specifications and operating information, and as
shown on the instrument or test fixture rear panel, or switching card.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits. They
are intended to be used with impedance limited sources. NEVER connect
switching cards directly to AC main. When connecting sources to switch-
ing cards, install protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to
the card.
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When fuses are used in a product, replace with same type and rating for
continued protection against fire hazard.
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for measur-
ing circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections.
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied
to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use of a Bd interlock.
If a @ screw is present on the test fixture, connect it to safety earth
ground using #18 AWG or Iarger wire.
The t symbol on an instrument or accessory indicates that IOOOVor
more may be present on the terminals. Refer to the product manual for de-
tailed operating information.
Instrumentation and accessories should not be connected to humans,
Maintenance should be performed by qualified service personnel. Before
performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables.
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SPECIFICATIONS
MODEL 7054 HIGH VOLTAGE SCANNER CARD
CHANNELS PER CARD: 10.
CONTACT CONFIGURATION: l-pole Form A, common guard connection.
CONNECTOR TYPE: Quick disconnect screw terminal, No. 18 AWG maximum
wire size.
RELAY DRIVE CURRENT: 50mA (per relay).
MAXIMUM SIGNAL LEVEL: lOOOV,0.5A, 1OVA peak (resistive load).
CONTACT LIFE: 10”closures (cold switching); 10 6closures (at maximum signal
level).
CONTACT RESISTANCE: c 1l-l.
ACTUATION TIME: <2Oms, exclusive of mainframe.
CHANNEL ISOLATION: > 10’9 and c 10pF.
INPUT ISOLATION: > 109Rand < 150pF.
GUARD TO CHASSIS VOLTAGE: 200V maximum.
ENVIRONMENT:
Operating: 0” to SOT, up to 35°C at 70% non-condensing relative humidity.
Storage: -25” to t7O”C.
DIMENSIONS, WEIGHT: 32mmhigh x l&run wide x 272mm long (l*/(” x 44’2”
x 10%“). Net weight 0.28kg (10 oz.).
Specifications subject to change without notice.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SEcmON i- GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 Introduction. ......................................... 1
1.2 Warranty Information ................................. 1
1.3 Manual Addenda ..................................... 2
1.4 Safety Symbols and Terms ............................ 2
1.5 Unpacking and Inspection. ............................ 2
1.6 Specifications ........................................ 3
SECTION 2 - OPERATION
2.1 Zntroduction..............................~ ........... 5
2.2 Safety Precautions .................................... 5
2.3 Wiring. .............................................. 5
2.4 Installation and Removal .............................. 6
2.5 Operating Considerations ............................. 6
2.6 Applications. ........................................ 11
2.7 Switch Terminology .................................. 13
SECTION 3 - SERVICING INFORMATION
3.1 Introduction ......................................... l5
3.2 Handling and Cleaning .............................. 15
3.3 Recommended Test Equipment. ....................... 16
3.4 Contact Resistance Test ............................... 16
3.5 Isolation Tests ....................................... ‘18
3.5.1 Channel isolation .................................. 18
3.5.2 Input Isolation, .................................... 19
SECTION 4 - REPLACEABLE PARTS
ii Introduction ......................................... 21
Replaceable Parts.. .................................. 22
4.3 Ordering Information ................................ 22
4.4 Factory Service
...................................... 22
4.5 Component Layout and Schematic Diagram. ........... 22
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LIST OF TABLES
SECTION 3 - SERVICING INFORMATION
3-1 Recommended Test Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
SECTION 4 - REPLACEABLEPARTS
4-1 Model 7054 Replaceable Parts . , . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
SECTION 2 - OPERATION
2-1 Limiting Ca
cp
acitive Reaction Current ................... 9
2-2 Limiting In uctive Reaction Voltage. ................... 10
2-3 Measuring 3-Phase Voltages .......................... 12
2-4 Switch Terminology .................................. 13
SECTION 3 - SERVICING INFORMATION
3-l Contact Resistance ................................... 17
3-2 Channel Isolation .................................... 19
3-3 Input Isolation ...................................... 20
SECTION 4 - REPLACEABLE PARTS
4-1 Model 7054 Component Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4-2 Model 7054 Schematic Diagram . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
ii
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SECTION 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The Model 7054 is a high voltage scanner card that switches signal levels
up to lOOOV,0.5A or 1OVApeak (lOmA at 1OOOV)for resistive loads only.
Each of the 10 channels on the card conSists of a single-pole, Form A
(normally open) relay with a common guard connection and a fused
input. The output connection and the input connections have quick
disconnect screw terminals with a maximum allowable wire size of No.
18 AWG.
Single-pole switching is done in less than 20msec exclusive of the main-
frame, and the specified contact life is 10Bclosures with cold switching
and lo6 closures at maximum signal levels. Contact resistance is less
than 10. The relay drive current is 50mAlrelay.
The Model 7054 is field installable in an appropriate Keithley scanner
mainframe (e.g. Model 705 or Model 706). With the isolation between
each channel being greater than 1O”Q and less than lOpF, each chan-
nel is well insulated from cross channel noise and interference.
1.2 WARRANTY INFORMATION
Warranty information is stated on the inside front cover of this manual.
If there is a need for service, contact the Keithley representative or
authorized repair facility in your area. Check the back cover for ad-
dresses. The service form supplied at the end of the manual should
be used to provide the service facility with information concerning any
difficulty.
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1.3 MANUAL ADDENDA
Product improvements or changes to this manual will be explained on
an addendum included with the manual. It is recommended that this
information be incorporated immediately into the appropriate places
in the manual.
If an additional instruction manual is required, order the manual
package (Keithley Part Number 7054-901-00). The manual package in-
cludes an instruction manual and all pertinent addenda.
1.4 SAFETY SYMBOLS AND TERMS
The symbol !
A on the card denotes that the user should refer to the
operating instructions.
The symbol AIM
terminals. denotes that a high voltage may be present on the
The WARNING used in this manual explains dangers that could result
in personal injury or death.
The CAUTION used in this manual explains hazards that could damage
the instrument.
1.5 UNPACKING AND INSPECTION
The Model 7054 was inspected both electrically and mechanically before
shipment. Upon receiving the Model 7054, unpack all items from the
shipping carton and check for any obvious damage that may have oc-
curred during transit. Report any damage to the shipping agent. Re-
tain and use the original packaging materials in case reshipment is
necessary. The following items are shipped with every Model 7054:
Model 7054 High Voltage Scanner Card
Model 7054 Instruction Manual
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1.6 SPECIFICATIONS
Detailed specifications of the Model 7054 precede the Table of Contents
of this manual.
314
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SECTION 2
OPERATION
2.1 INTRODUCTION
This section provides information needed to use the Model 7054 High
Voltage Card with the Model 705 and 706 scanner mainframes. Once
the card is installed in the mainframe, refer to the mainframe instruc-
tion manual for complete operating instructions.
2.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
WARNING
User supplied lethal voltages may be present on the PC
board or the connections. Turn off all power and
discharge stored energy in external circuitry before mak-
ing or breaking connections.
1. Do not exceed the Model 7054 maximum voltages of ltlOOOVpeak
terminal to terminal and &l35OV peak terminal to chassis.
2. Make sure the scanner mainframe is grounded through an earth
grounded receptacle before operation.
3. Ins
an f ect alI test lead connections for wear and defects such as cracks exposed wires.
4. Use appropriately rated cables when switching high voltages.
2.3 WIRING
Each channel on the Model 7054 card consists of a single-pole, Form
A (normally open) switching relay. The Model 7054 will switch any one
of the 10 signals (inputs) to one output, or switch one signal to any
one of 10 outputs.
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NOTE
Because of the high impedance of the board, take special
care when handling and using to prevent degradation of
performance. Handle the board by the edges to avoid con-
taminating it with dirt, body oil, etc. For cleaning instruc-
tions, see paragraph 3.2.
1. Wiring is accomplished by means of terminal strips as shown on the
component layout. See Figure 4-1. Each channel has a HI connec-
tion and a LO (GUARD) connection. Lb (Guard) is common to all
channels.
2. Resistance of the relay contacts path is less than 10.
3. A common guard surrounds all analog signal paths.
4. Use wires or cables that are rated for greater than 1OOOV.The max-
imum allowable wire size is No. 18 AWG. The minimum wire size
is No. 26 AWG.
5. Route the wires through the rubber clamp pads located at the rear
of the card.
2.4 INSTALLATION AND REMOVAL
Once the card is wired, insert it card edge first into the scanner main-
frame by aligning it with the grooves in the appropriate slot. Make sure
it is properly seated into the mainframe connector. Push the locking
tabs forward to the center of the card to lock it in.
To remove a card, first turn off the mainframe and all other equipment
connected to the card. Unfasten the locking tabs on the card by pull-
ing the tabs outward. Grasp the end of the card and carefully pull it
out of the mainframe.
2.5 OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS
Since the Model 7054 is a lo-channel card, set the scanner to the 2-pole
mode when using the Model 7054 by itself or when intermixing with
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other lo-channel cards (such as Models 7056, 7058, 7059, and 7066). In
the 2-pole scanner mode, each scanner channel controls one channel
on one lo-channel card.
Signal Levels-The maximum signal levels for the Model 7054 High
Voltage Card are 1OOOVmaximum, 0.5A or 1OVA
l eak (1OmA at 1OOOV)
for resistive loads only. The specified contact 1’e is lO*closures with
cold switching and lo6 closures at maximum signal levels.
WARNING
When switching signals greater than 30V RMS or 42.2V
peak take care to prevent contact with live circuits which
could cause electrical shock resulting in injury or death.
Cables-Shielded cables should be used with the Model 7054card when
switching above 50V.The shield should be connected to the circuit LO
(GUARD). This prevents excessive radiation from the cables from in-
terfering with any equipment. The cables must be rated for greater than
1ooOV.
Fusible Links-The Model 7054 scanner card has a fusible link in series
with the high input side of each channel relay. A link opens when the
current level on that channel becomes excessive because of an external
circuit misapplication or a relay failure. The links protect the PC board
from damage that is difficult to repair (e.g. lifted or burned traces on
the board).
The links are covered with Plexiglas@ shields to prevent mechanical
damage and still provide a visual check. A repair procedure follows:
1. Unscrew the Plexiglas@ shield. Clean out the PC board feedthru
holes for the fusible link with a desoldering tool.
2. Insert a jumper of No. 38 AWG magnet wire into the holes and solder
in place.
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CAUTION
When replacin the fusible links, use only No. 38 AWG
magnet wire. 18se of any other wire may cause severe
damage to the PC board.
3. Check the same channel’s relay contacts for a short or insufficient
input isolation resistance and replace the relay if necessary.
4. Clean the PC board and Plexiglas @ shield according to the instruc-
tions given in paragraph 3.2, then remount the shield.
Depending on your application, a current limiting resistor can be used
in place of a fusible link. Each resistor will limit the current flow through
one channel. The resistors must be of sufficient power rating to safely
dissipate any overload.
Reactive Loads-The Model 7054 is specified for resistive loads. Since
reactive loads can cause excessive currents and voltages, current surge
limiting (for capacitive loads) and voltage clamping (for inductive loads)
are required to prevent damaging the relays and external circuitry.
1. Ca acitive Loads - The surge current from a ca acitive load must
be ess than 0.5A to protect the relays. Figure 2-P P shows typical cir-
cuits to limit current surges. Also, consider the maximum load of
1OVAwhen determining the current limit. For example, when switch-
ing 5OOV,the current must be limited to 2OmA (I = lOVA/5OOV)and
the limiting resistor calculation of Figure 2-lA would be:
R = VII = 5OWl2OmA = 25k!J
2. Inductive Loads - Inductive reaction voltage, L(di/dt), must be less
than 1OOUV.Typical clampin circuits are shown in Figure 2-2. Also,
consider the maximum loa B of 1OVAwhen determining the voltage
limit. For example, when switching 4OmA, the voltage must be
limited to 250V (V = lOVA14OmA)and the clamping resistor calcula-
tion of Figure 2-2A would be:
R = VII = 25OVl4OmA = 625On
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A. RESISTOR LIMITED
IN
0
L
l HIGH RESISTANCE COLD.
LOW RESISTANCE HOT.
FASTTHERMAL RECOVERY.
B. THERMISTOR LIMITED
LOAD
Figure 2-l. Limiting Capacitive Reaction Current
9
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LOAD
A. RESISTORCLAMPED(ACOR DC VOLTAGES)
B. DIODE CLAMPED (DC VOLTAGES)
C. ZENER CLAMPED(ACVOLTAGES)
LOAD
D. RESISTOR-CAPACITORCLAMPED(ACVOLTAGES)
Figure 2-2. Limiting Inductance Reaction Voltage
10
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2.6 APPLICATIONS
The Model 7054 can monitor high voltages from ten different circuits
or switch a high voltage source to ten separate circuits.
CAUTION
Because of the high voltage applications of the Model
7054, only one channel relay should be energized at a
time. If the break before make operation of the scanner
channels is hindered by the application, the card could
be damaged.
As an example of measuring high voltages, consider the sensing applica-
tion shown in Figure 2-3. Three-phase line or load voltages are switched
by the Model 7054 for monitoring. Since LO is common to all channels
and the output of the card, only one of the channel LOS is connected.
To prevent card damage, voltage clamping is necessary when monitor-
ing line voltages. Current limiting or voltage cIamping are necessary
when measuring capacitive or inductive loads. Put the protection cir-
cuitry between the source of the transient and the card.
An example of switching a high voltage source is given in Application
Note #700, “Switching in Multipoint Testing”. A Model 7054 and a
divider network are used to incrementally increase the output of a
Model 247 High Voltage Supply.
This application is suitable for tests such as insulation resistance of
cables, harnesses, and PC boards, high-pot testing, and breakdown
testing on semiconductors.
11
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MODEL 7054 IN SCANNER MAINFRAME
CHANNEL CHANNEL CHANNEL 0uTPLrr
HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO
L
Figure 2-3. Measuring 3-Phase Voltages
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