Kowa VX-10a User manual

KOWA
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
FUNDUS CAMERA
KOWA VX-10aEU

INTRODUCTION
P0-1
INTRODUCTION
This manual provides a description of the operating procedures of KOWA along with important
precautions to be observed during its use. Please read this entire manual carefully to assure that the instrument
can demonstrate its full capabilities and be used effectively. After you have nished reading it, please keep it in an
easily accessible location near the instrument for future's reference.
Operational considerations for safety
This manual describes important precautions to be observed during its use to assure that the instrument can be
used safely without causing any damage to the human body and property of its purchaser and other persons. The
designations and their pictorial symbols have the following meanings. These should be fully comprehended before
reading the text of this manual.
■Meanings of markings
Warning
If the instrument should be operated wrongly, there may occur a danger of causing death or serious injury.
Caution
If the instrument should be operated wrongly, there may result an injury to the human body (not so serious as to
cause death though)*1or damage to property*2.
*1: An injury to the human body means any injury, burn, electrical shock and so forth that will not necessitate
hospitalization or long-term outpatient treatment.
*2: Damage to property means an extensive damage to the house and household goods as well as the domestic
animal and pet.
■Meanings of symbols
Graphical indication of any danger (including warning and caution). What is warned is explicitly
and pictorially indicated by a picture or its associated message on or near a pictorial symbol.
Graphical indication of prohibited operation (prohibitive item). What is prohibited is explicitly and
pictorially indicated by a picture or it's associated message on or near a pictorial symbol.
Graphical indication of mandatory action (obligatory item). What must always done is explicitly
and pictorially indicated by a picture or it's associated message on or near a pictorial symbol.
■Kowa is not responsible for:
• Any damage caused by fire, earthquake, third party’s action, any other accident or user’s intentional or
unintentional error, abuse or use under abnormal conditions.
• Any damage resulting from use of the product or its malfunction (e.g. Operating loss, shutdown, change/loss of
stored data and so forth).
•Any damage resulting from disobedience of what is described in the instruction manual.
• Any damage resulting from, for instance, malfunctioning of the instrument caused by a combination of
connected devices.

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P0-2
Warning
Unplug
If any abnormal smell or sound, or overheating or smoke should be detected, be sure to turn OFF
power supply immediately and then unplug it from the power outlet. If it should continue in use, a re
may break out on the instrument resulting in its malfunctioning.
Contact your Kowa dealer where you purchased it or your nearest repair shop for inspection.
Unplug Warning
High-voltage
When replacing the ash tube or observation light bulb, be sure to turn OFF the
main power switch and unplug it from the power outlet, and wait for 30 minutes or
more. Otherwise, there may occur electrical shock.
Unplug Warning
High-voltage
When replacing the fuse, be sure to turn OFF the main switch and unplug it from
the power outlet.
If the fuse holder cover is removed with the instrument unplugged, there may
occur electrical shock.
Obligatory
Be sure to properly plug the plug or AC adapter into the power outlet.
Otherwise, there may occur a re or electrical shock.
Obligatory
Use an accessory or designated fuse.
Otherwise, the instrument may malfunction or a re may break out.
Obligatory
Make sure that the instrument is properly grounded to protect the human body. Put the plug in the
three-wire grounding socket. Otherwise, there may occur electrical shock.
Prohibitory
Install at a location away from, for instance, a cup containing liquid.
If liquid should be spilled into the instrument, there may occur electrical shock. If so, turn OFF the
instrument and then unplug it from the socket. Contact your Kowa dealer where you purchased it or
your nearest repair shop for inspection.
Disassembly
prohibited
Do not disassemble, modify or repair the instrument yourself. Otherwise, there may occur a re,
electrical shock, instrument malfunctioning or the human body may be injured.
Contact your Kowa dealer where you purchased the instrument for repair. The product assembled
by yourself will not get warranty or any other service.
Prohibitory
The socket or plug board must not be loaded in excess of its rated capacity.
If the main power cable should share an outlet with many other devices, there may occur a re or
you may get an electrical shock.
Prohibitory
Insertion of any metallic object in air vent slots may cause electrical shock resulting in malfunction,
re or electrical shock.
Obligatory
Be sure to use accessory batteries. When replacing them because of their having been in use longer
than a specied useful life, be sure to use specied ones. Because the battery contains ammable
substance such as lithium and organic solvent, there may occur heat build-up, burst or re.
1. Be sure to observe the following:
• Do not charge, short-circuit, disassemble, deform, heat or put into re, the battery.
• Do not connect the battery’s (+) and (–) poles by wire. Do not carry or store it closely together
with metal necklace or the like.
• Properly wire either of the battery’s (+) and (–) poles.
• Do not combine new batteries and used or any other types of batteries when in use.
• Do not solder a wire directly on the battery.
2. Before discarding used batteries, apply adhesive tape around their terminals for insulation. If
they jumble up with other metallic objects or batteries, there may result heat build-up, burst or
re.
3. Be sure to keep batteries off children.

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Caution
Prohibitory Pull off the plug from the power outlet without giving a pull.
Prohibitory Do not plug or unplug the power cord with wet hand.
Prohibitory
Do not install the power unit at unstable locations, for instance, on a shaky base or a tilting surface.
Otherwise, if it should drop off or fall over, the human body may be injured.
Prohibitory Warning
High-temperature
Do not replace flash tube and the observation light bulb immediately after its
service.
Otherwise, you may burn your ngers on the hot tube or lamp. Allow 30 minutes or
so of cool-off before replacing.
Obligatory
When replacing the camera back, rmly hold by hand and x it. Otherwise, it may drop off resulting
in a bodily injury.
Obligatory
The power supply must be provided for the sole use of this fundus camera. Sharing one and the
same power supply with other devices may cause a malfunction.
Obligatory
• This camera back uses two lithium batteries CR123A. Be sure to use appropriate batteries.
• Remove the batteries when the camera is expected to be kept unused for a long period of time.
• Store batteries in a dry and cool place with no direct sunlight.
Obligatory
When moving up or down the chin-rest to adjust the height of the patient’s eyes, carefully manipulate
the camera while checking the position of the patients’ head. A patient with the smaller head may
get his or her head caught between the device components.
Prohibitory
Do not increase the amount of observation light more than is required.
Otherwise, the eye may be injured.
Prohibitory
Do not increase the amount of ash level more than is required.
Otherwise, the patient’s eyes may be injured.
Prohibitory
The air vent must not be obstructed. Such obstruction will cause internal temperature to increase
resulting in occurrences of breakdown, malfunction or a re.
Prohibitory
When batteries are stored, they must not be exposed to direct sunlight, high temperature or high
humidity.
Prohibitory
Keep your ngers off the spaces between sliding base and base’s power housing when operating
the control lever.
There is a fear of your ngers being caught and injured when the sliding base moves.
Prohibitory
Keep your hand off the space between the main camera unit and the horizontal arm when tilting the
camera.
There is a fear of your ngers being caught and injured when the main camera unit is tilted.
Prohibitory
Keep your ngers off the space between the tilt arm and its sliding area.
There is a fear of your ngers being caught and injured when the tilt's sliding area is moving.

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Caution
Prohibitory
Keep your ngers off the gap between the base’s power housing and the poles of chin-rest unit.
Therefore, instruct the patient not to hold the poles by hand because there is a fear of your ngers
being caught and injured.
Prohibitory
Keep your ngers off the gap between the base’s power housing and the horizontal arm.
There is a fear of your ngers being caught and injured. When the horizontal arm is lowered or the
sliding base is moving.
Prohibitory
Be careful about the distance between the objective lens and patient's face.
There is a fear that the end of objective lens may get in touch with the patient’s face (eye, nose, so
forth) and injure it when you bring the camera close to the patient.
Prohibitory
Keep your ngers off the space between the ocular and the 35-mm camera back when adjusting
diopter.
There is a fear of your ngers being caught and injured when you rotate the eyepiece.
Prohibitory
Do not wipe the exterior of the instrument with solvent such as benzene, alcohol, thinner and ether.
Doing so may cause discoloration or degradation.

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Caution
Air vent
Air vent
Air vent
Air vent
Air vent
A
A
A
A
F
D
D
C
C
D
E
B
A
AG
A
A
Caution
A. Keep your ngers off the spaces between the sliding base and the base’s power housing when
operating the control lever.
There is a fear of your ngers being caught and injured when the sliding base moves.
Caution
B. Keep your hand off the space between the main camera unit and the horizontal arm when tilting
the camera.
There is a fear of your ngers being caught and injured when the main camera unit is tilted.
Caution
C. Keep your ngers off the space between the tilt arm and its sliding area.
There is a fear of your ngers being caught and injured when the tilt's sliding area is moving.
Caution
D. Keep your ngers off the gap between the base’s power housing and the poles of chin-rest unit.
Therefore, instruct the patient not to hold the poles by hand because there is a fear of your ngers
being caught and injured.
Caution
E. Keep your ngers off the gap between the base’s power housing and the horizontal arm.
There is a fear of your ngers being caught and injured when the horizontal arm is lowered or the
sliding base is moving.
Caution
F. Be careful about the distance between the objective lens and patient’s face. There is a fear that
the end of objective lens gets in touch with the patient’s face (eye, nose, so forth) and injures it when
you bring the camera close to the patient.
Caution
G. Keep your ngers off the space between the optical viewnder and the 35-mm camera back when
adjusting diopter.
There is a fear of your ngers being caught and injured when you rotate the eyepiece.
Caution
Insertion of any metallic object in air vent slots may cause electrical shock resulting in malfunction,
re or electrical shock.
Caution
The air vent must not be obstructed.
Such obstruction will cause internal temperature to increase resulting in occurrences of breakdown,
malfunction or a re.

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Indication of caution label
Emblem list
Type B applied part
Alternative Current
OFF
ON
Warning,Caution :
See APPENDIX
Warning High-voltage
(See P7-3,P7-4)
Caution High-temperature
(See P7-3,P7-4)
Symbol for
"MANUFACTURER"
Symbol for "AUTHORISED
REPRESENTATIVE IN THE
EUROPEAN COMMUNITY"
High-temperature
Caution
High-voltage
Warning
Warning
Pull the plug of
power cable from
wallsocket when
fuses are replaced.
High-voltage
Warning
Warning
Turn off the power
switch when the
lamp or strobo is
replaced.
Wait until the lamp
or strobo has
cooled when the
lamp is replaced.
Caution

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P0-7
Precautions in operation
● Do not turn ON/OFF the main switch in succession.
There should be an interval of 5 seconds or more.
● When plugging or unplugging, turn OFF the main
switch beforehand.
● Do not change the camera back with the main switch
ON.
●The power line from the power outlet must be exclu-
sively connected to the fundus camera.
Precautions on the main camera unit and
relative systems
● If any stain, smear or scratch should exist on objective
lens, it will appear as a white spot on pictures taken.
Therefore, it is essential to always keep the lens sur-
face clean.
●Do not leave the camera mount open without camera
back mounted. In case the camera is expected to be
not used for a long period of time, be sure to seal the
mount with the accessory cap.
● Protect the optical viewnder barrel and eyepiece tube
from strong shocks or forceful pressures.
● Set a dial or knob with click(s) to its proper click index.
● If picture angle selector, lters in the observation light
system or dioptric lens for compensating the examined
eye should be incorrectly set, pictures taken will result
in failures such as vignetting, under-exposure, and so
forth.
● Securely x the camera back on the camera mount by
its lever. If not, pictures taken will result in failures such
as displaced or out-of-focus images. At worst, the cam-
era back may drop off and damaged and as a result,
you will be obliged to suspend photography.
● Because the main camera unit and camera back are
composed of precision parts, special tools will be
needed for adjustment. Do not attempt to disassemble
or adjust them by yourself.
Disposal Precautions
●LCD display of this instrument has a fluorescent
lamp that contains mercury. When disposing this
instrument, applicable federal, state, and local
regulations must be observed.
● When disposing, this instrument is categorized
as industrial waste; therefore, the disposal must
be handled by licensed industrial waste disposal
contractor.
● Only qualified personnel should operate this equip-
ment.
● When handling the fundus camera, pay special
attention not to give strong shock to it.
●Install and store the instrument in a place free from
high temperature and humidity, direct sunlight, and
avoid the dusty place. Strictly observe the following en-
vironmental conditions:
In operation In Transportation, storage
Environmental Temperature
10 to 35°C -15 to +55°C
Relative Humidity
30 to 90% 10 to 95%
● When in use, in storage or in transit, care must be used
to keep the instrument from dewing.
● Place this fundus camera in room, the luminance of
which can be lowered as low as about 5 lx (the lumi-
nance as low as you can scarcely read newspaper).
● To keep the instrument dust-free, use the cover sup-
plied with it when the camera is not in use.
Precautions on electric system
●In case the KOWA should be used after a
long ‘unused’ period of time, inspect and check the fol-
lowing before starting it:
• The objective lens is neither dusty nor stained.
• The observation light's intensity has not changed.
• The battery (for instance, camera battery) the level of
which stays within service range.
●Connect the camera with the power outlet properly so
that the plug might not be pulled out accidentally.
But if it should occur, be sure to turn OFF the main
switch before connecting the plug again.
●If irregularity should occur in the circuit in the power
unit, for instance, when you plug in with the main
switch ON, “Err 1” will appear on the display and pho-
tographing will be disabled. In this case, turn OFF the
main switch and wait for a while. Then turn it ON. If
“Err 1”does not appear on the display, you may resume
photography.
● Kowa is not responsible for any failure(s) or damage(s)
caused by improvement, repair or maintenance ren-
dered by the third party other than Kowa and its autho-
rized agent.
● Kowa is not responsible for any failure(s) or damage(s)
caused by improvement, repair, or maintenance
rendered using the part(s) other than its designated
one(s).
● The line voltage should be within ±10% of the rated
value.
● Never change the electronic flash intensity when it’s
ashing is on.
● To operate switches on the control panel, rst turn ON
the main switch and then wait for about 10 seconds
(until the power unit becomes internally stable).

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Operational (Safety and Hazard prevention) Considerations for
hospital Grade Electrical Equipment
1. Onlyqualiedpersonnelshouldoperatethisequipment.
2. The following items shall be considered when installing equipment.
(1) Install at a location away from water or accidental splashing.
(2) Install at a location which will not be adversely affected by atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, ventilation,
sunlight, dust, air containing salt, sulfur and other substances, and the like.
(3) Take care to guard against tilt, vibration and strong impacts, for instance, during transportation.
(4) Equipment must not be installed at locations where chemicals are stored or gasses are generated.
(5) Be careful with the radio frequencies, voltages and allowable amperes (power consumption) of the power supply.
(6) Make sure that all batteries are installed properly and in good working order (discharging curve, polarity, and so forth).
(7) Properly connect ground wires.
3. The following items shall be considered when using the instrument.
(1) Make sure that equipment activates properly after checking switch contact, polarity, dial setting and meters and so forth.
(2) Make sure that the instrument is properly grounded.
(3) Make sure that all cords are properly connected and secured.
(4) Use of other instruments and appliances on the same power circuit is liable to cause errors and incorrect ash output
resulting in incorrect diagnosis or hazards.
(5) External circuits and connectors that may come in direct contact with the patient must be checked frequently for signs
of wear.
(6) Before operations, make sure that the camera back battery is sufciently charged.
4. The following items shall be considered when using the instrument.
(1) Be sure to minimize the time and quantity required for diagnosis and treatment.
(2) Always assure that the equipment and patient are in good condition.
(3) When an abnormality is found on the equipment, take proper measures, for instance, to stop the operation of the
instrument while assuring the patient’s safety.
(4) Do not allow the patient to touch any of the instrument controls.
5. The following items shall be considered after using the instrument.
(1) Turn OFF the instrument after setting control switches, dials, and so forth to their initial statuses following with a
specied procedure.
(2) Do not pull cords for removal because an excessive force is exerted on them.
(3) The following shall be considered regarding storage location.
(a) Store the instrument at locations free from splashes of water.
(b) Store at a location which will not be adversely affected by atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, ventilation,
sunlight, dust, air containing salt, sulfur and other substances, and the like.
(c) Take care to guard against tilt, vibration and strong impacts, for instance, during transportation.
(d) Equipment must not be stored at locations where chemicals are stored or gasses are generated.
(4) Clean and rearrange accessories, cords, cord restraints and the like.
(5) The instrument must be cleaned prior to use so that there will be no problem when using it again.
(6) In case it is expected to be not used for a long period of time, keep the camera back with batteries unloaded from it.
6. Ifithassometrouble,alabeldescribingthetroubleshouldbeafxedontheinstrumentandcontactarepair
shop for repair.
7. Equipmentshallnotbemodied.
8. Maintenance
(1) Periodically check the equipment and its components for any abnormality.
(2) When using again the equipment that has not been used for a while, it must be checked beforehand to assure that it is
in normal condition and operates safely.

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●Combination of medical electrical equipment and non-medical electrical equipment
IEC 60601-1-1 “Safety requirements for medical electrical systems” describes the components combination grouped into
various clinical settings. The brief overview of IEC 60601-1-1 is shown below.
Situation No.
Medically used room Non-medically
used room
Feasible solution
(See clause 19 in all
situations)
Inside
the PATIENT
ENVIRONMENT
Outside
the PATIENT
ENVIRONMENT
1
1a Items Aand B in
PATIENT ENVIRONMENT
A
IEC
60601
B
IEC
60601
1b Items Aand B in
PATIENT ENVIRONMENT
A
IEC
60601
B
IEC
XXXXX
For B:Additional
protective earth or
separating transformer
1c Item A powerd from
specified power supply in
item B in PATIENT ENVI-
RONMENT
B
IEC XXXXX
For B:Additional
protective earth or
separating transformer
2
2a Item A in PATIENT EN-
VIRONMENT and item B
in medically used room
A
IEC
60601
B
IEC
60601
2b Item A in PATIENT EN-
VIRONMENT and item B
in medically used room
A
IEC
60601
B
IEC
XXXXX For B:See 19.201
and its rationale
3
3a Item A in PATI ENT
ENVIRONMENT and item
B in non-medically used
room
A
IEC
60601
B
IEC 60601
or IEC XXXXX
For B:See 19.201
and its rationale
3b Item A in PATI ENT
ENVIRONMENT and item
B in non-medically used
room
A
IEC
60601
B
IEC 60601
or IEC XXXXX For B:Additional
protective earth or
SEPARATION DEVICE
KEY TO TABLE
• Additional protective earth : In necessary, provide additional protective earthing , which is permanently connected(See also 58.201).
NOTE Equipment modication may be required.
• Separating transformer : If necessary, limit the ENCLOSURE LEAKAGE CURRENT, by using an additional separating
transformer according to annex EEE.
NOTE1 No equipment modication is required.
NOTE2 A separating transformer is a transformer with one or more input winding(s) separated from the output winding(s) by at
least basic insulation [IEC 60989]
• SEPARATION DEVICE : If necessary, apply SEPARATION DEVICE.
• IEC 60601 : MEDICAL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT in compliance with IEC 60601.
• IEC XXXXX : Non medical equipment in compliance with relevant IEC safety standards.
Common protective earth
Protective earth
Protective earth with po-
tential diffence
A
IEC 60601

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Precautions: Use of Medical Electrical System
Precautions for System installation
● All components of this medical electrical system may be installed within a limited patient environment (a radius of 1.5 m
around a patient) when all components are installed in accordance with the installation instructions using “Multi-tap with
Isolation Transformer”, one of the system components.
● Prerequisite for installing other components (a PC, printer, video capture printer, video monitor, or other devices) which
do not comply with IEC60601-1 along with this system is that the electric power to the components is supplied from
“Multi-tap with Isolation Transformer”. The electric power to these components supplied from an electric source other
than Multi-tap with Isolation Transformer (e.g., directly from wall outlets) may cause increased enclosure leakage current
or potential difference between protective grounds, resulting in the injury to the patient or operator. Please use the Multi-
tap with Isolation Transformer only for supplying the power to the components other than the system components.
● Any medical electrical equipment that is connected to this system to compose a medical system must comply with
IEC60601-1.
● Any non-medical electrical equipment that is connected to this system to compose a medical system must comply with
safety standards of IEC or ISO provisions applicable to such a non-medical electrical equipment.
● Do not use any additional multi-tap receptacle or extension power cable other than those specied to this system by
KOWA.
● Power supply to this system or “Multi-tap with Isolation Transformer” must be provided individually. (Do not route the
power supply through other multi-tap receptacle to the system or “Multi-tap with Isolation Transformer”.)
● The power cable for an electrical device that compose a medical system must have durability that meets IEC60245/
IEC60227 or higher standards.
●Assure that the power supply is turned off when connecting an electrical device to the system.
●Do not turn on the power supply until all devices are completely connected.
●Do not place or install the devices and the system components on the unstable or inclined table.
Precautions for “Multi-tap with Isolation Transformer”
● Do not place “Multi-tap with Isolation Transformer” directly on the oor. Water droplets during room cleaning may enter
the multi-tap resulting in the component failure.
● The power supply cable to “Multi-tap with Isolation Transformer” must be connected to a power receptacle with a
protective ground terminal.
● When using “Multi-tap with Isolation Transformer” with a protective ground terminal, read the instruction for use attached
to the “Multi-tap” receptacle to familiarize yourself with the correct use before using it.
Daily Maintenance and Cleaning
1. System components
● Wipe the soiled outer surface with soft cloth from which water was rmly squeezed off. Do not wipe the exterior of
the system components with chemicals or solvents such as thinner and benzene. (Because LCD monitor screen
covers easily get scratched, lightly wipe with soft cloth such as gauze.)
●Refer to the instruction for use provided with each device for details of device maintenance and cleaning.
2. Power cables, connecting cables, and connectors
● Visually verify that all cables have no aw or damage.
●Visually verify that earth leads of all components and protective ground terminals are securely connected.
●Disconnect the power cables from the power supply receptacles when you do not use the system for a long period of
time.
3. Others
● When you add a PC to the system for a ling purpose, captured images are stored in the hard disk drive of the PC.
Back up the data stored in the hard disk drive regularly since hard disk drives may have a mechanical or electrical
failure.

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ACCESSORIES
Dust cover: 1 pc. Instruction manual: 1 Attached document: 1 Quick manual: 1
Externalxationlamp:
1 pc. Hexagonwrench:2pcs. Pin: 2 pcs. Chin-rest paper: 1 set
Fuse: 2 pcs. Observation lamp: 1 pc. Blower: 1 pc. Detach tool: 1 pc.
Grip (option) Internalxationtarget
(option) Data card: (option)

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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Summary of equipment
Preparatory procedure
Basic photography
Other practical photography
Handy features
Troubleshooting
Daily inspection
Specifications
Technical references
10
Photochemical Hazard
(ISO 15004)
11
Electromagnetic Compatibility
(IEC60601-1-2)
KOWAKOWA
P0-13

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
P0-14
1. Summary of equipment ................... P1-1
1-1 Purpose of use and effectiveness ................P1-1
1-2 General information......................................P1-1
1-3 Features .......................................................P1-1
1-4 System conguration ....................................P1-1
1-5 Name and function of each part ...................P1-2
2. Preparatory procedure..................... P2-1
2-1 Installing.........................................................P2-1
2-2 Connecting to external device .......................P2-1
2-3 Preparatory procedure of fundus camera......P2-1
2-4 Loading 35-mm camera back’s batteries.......P2-2
2-5 Mounting 35-mm camera back ......................P2-3
2-6 Replacing with new 35-mm lm .....................P2-3
2-7 Types of available lms..................................P2-4
2-8 Preparatory procedure of the examined eye ......P2-4
3. Basic photography........................... P3-1
3-1 Operation procedure owchart ......................P3-1
3-2 Non-mydriatic photography............................P3-2
3-3 Mydriatic color photography...........................P3-6
3-4 Mydriatic uorescein angiography ...............P3-10
4. Other practical photography............ P4-1
4-1 Photography of enlarged image.....................P4-1
4-2 Small pupil photography ................................... P4-1
4-3 Red-free photography (mydriatic color mode) ....P4-2
4-4 Photography of data card ..............................P4-3
4-5 Blue Eye switch .............................................P4-3
5. Handy features ................................ P5-1
5-1 LCD monitoring mode
(“mydriatic color” and “mydriatic uorescein”)........P5-1
5-2 External image input display function............P5-2
5-3 Changing initial settings.................................P5-3
6. Troubleshooting............................... P6-1
7. Daily inspection ............................... P7-1
7-1 Daily inspection..............................................P7-1
7-2 Inspecting/cleaning the objective lens ...........P7-2
7-3 Replacing observation light bulb....................P7-3
7-4 Disinfect.........................................................P7-4
7-5 Replacing with new ash lamp ......................P7-4
7-6 Replacing with new fuse................................P7-5
7-7 Fitting chin-rest paper ....................................P7-5
7-8 Replenishing consumables............................P7-5
7-9 Periodical Inspection......................................P7-5
7-10 Repairing the Instrument ...............................P7-5
8. Specications .................................. P8-1
9. Technical references........................ P9-1
10. Photochemical Hazard
(ISO 15004) ................................. P10-1
11. Electromagnetic Compatibility
(IEC60601-1-2).............................P11-1
INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................P0-1
Operational considerations for safety....................................................................................P0-1
Indication of caution label......................................................................................................P0-6
Precautions in operation........................................................................................................P0-7
Operational (Safety and Hazard prevention)
Considerations for hospital Grade Electrical Equipment .......................................................P0-8
Precautions: Use of Medical Electrical System...................................................................P0-10
ACCESSORIES....................................................................................................................P0-11

Summary of equipment
1
P1-1
1-1 Purpose of use and effectiveness
KOWA is intended for taking pictures of fundus images with mydriatic or without mydriatic.
1-2 General information
This equipment is a fundus camera which is capable of mydriatic and non-mydriatic photography with two angles of
view: 50° and 30° (45° and 27° for non-mydriatic photography). You can record photographic data with 35-mm lm,
video and so forth.
1-3 Features
1) A single operation of the instrument allows you to select non-mydriatic color, mydriatic color, or mydriatic
uorescent photography.
2) Design for small size, lightweight and power-saving taking into account the service environment of equipment.
3) Automatic exposure system which can be automatically linked with a camera in use.
4) Wide-range ash of 0.6WS to 300 WS (19 steps) for fully handling lm/digital image recordings.
5) Switch at hand which enables automatic insertion of exciter lter and barrier lter.
6) Switch at hand which enables switching to diopter lens for compensating the examined eye.
7) Working distance guiding function and focus detecting function, enabling are-less, sharp pictures to be taken.
8) Small pupil mode to cope with insufcient pupil’s diameter in mydriatic photography (not for non-mydriatic pho-
tography).
9) LCDmonitoring mode for readily enabling mydriatic photography without an attempt to look through a nder
(switch to infrared illumination).
10) Digital camera can be connected if combined with a ling device.
11) Easy-to-see panel display which will indicate only available switches in each mode.
1-4 Systemconguration
Video camera connecting
adapter (option)
35-mm camera back
Main camera unit
Base/ power unit
Externalxationlamp

Summary of equipment
1
1. Summary of equipment
P1-2
P1-2
1-5 Name and function of each part
1Objective lens
A large aspherical lens with protective lens cap
for keeping lens surface from dirt and dust.
2Focusing knobs
Knobs located on both sides of main camera
unit for ne focusing adjustment.
3F.D. switch
Used to switch ON/OFF the luminous lines of
focus detection aid (available in mydriatic mode
only).
4W.D. switch
Used to turn ON/OFF the detecting luminous
dots for camera alignment (available in mydri-
atic mode only).
5Upper camera back mount (video mount)
Special mount for xing video camera adapter.
6Opticalviewnder(eyepiece)
Adjustable to the photographer's eye dioptric
power in a range of -8D to +5D (a double-cross
reticle is incorporated for focusing).
Because fundus image must be brought to the
focus point of optical viewnder, the photogra-
pher must adjust the optical viewnder to his or
her eye previously beforehand.
7Lower camera back mount (35-mm mount)
Special mount for fixing 35-mm camera back.
Cordless connection provided of the back to the
main camera unit.
8Capforelectronicashcompartment
Upon removal of this cap, a red-marked base
will be exposed. A simple press on the base will
cause the ash tube to be released. Before re-
placement, be sure to turn off the power switch.
9Shutter button
Pressing this button causes the electronic ash
to energize and shooting is complete.
0Control lever
A stick lever for moving the main camera unit
both laterally and longitudinally so that the inci-
dent light can enter the examined eye properly.
ACamera height adjusting handle
Handle for moving main camera unit vertically
so that the incident light can enter the examined
eye properly.
BPower switch
l : ON O : OFF
CFuse holder
D
E
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
A
B C
H
F
G
I
J
K

Summary of equipment
1
1. Summary of equipment
P1-3P1-3
DPower cord
The shape of the plug varies according to the
input voltage.
EExternaleyexationlamp
Used to guide the examined eye's fixation to
desired direction.
FForehead-rest
Used to rest and fix the patient's forehead
against it.
GChin-rest
Used to rest and x the patient's chin on it.
HHeadxationband
Used to secure patient's head in case his or her
face is likely to move (e.g. child patient).
IChin-rest handle
Used to raise/lower the chin-rest.
JEye level mark
The vertical position of examined eye must be
aligned with this mark.
KFittingpartofinternalxationtarget
Fit internal xation target (optional) at its mount.
LPicture angle knob
Used to select a picture angle of either 50°or
30° (45° or 27°for non- mydriatic photography).
MData card slot
An insertion slot for written data card to be in-
serted.
NFilter inserting slot
Used for inserting optional green lter after re-
moving the protective rubber cap.
OLighthousingcoverxingscrews
Upon removal of this cover and inner cover,
observation bulb and ash bulb will be exposed
allowing replacement.
Be sure to turn off the power switch before re-
placement.
PLiquid crystal monitor (LCD)
In non-mydriatic mode,the examined eye is con-
tinuously observed on this monitor so that the
fundus camera can be properly guided.
This monitor can also be used to check the im-
ages photographed.

Summary of equipment
1
1. Summary of equipment
P1-4
QHorizontal lock lever
Upon operation of this lever, the rotating arm will
be locked.
RTilting handle
By turning this handle, the main camera unit will
be tilted vertically.
SLock handle
By turning this handle, the tilting handle will be
locked.
TLock lever
Upon operation of this lever, the base will be
locked.
UDisplay screen
Timer's count is indicated increasing 0.1 second
at a time on the screen with 5 digits.
When timer is not in work, flash intensity and
error will be indicated.
VObservation lamp indicating lamp
The lamp will indicate a reading of observation
lamp intensity.
WFlash intensity compensation indicating lamp
This lamp indicates flash intensity compensa-
tion.
XObservation light intensity control knob
Used to adjust observation light intensity.
YFlash intensity knob
Used to adjust ash intensity level.
ZWorking camera back indicator
This indicator comes on indicating which cam-
era back of upper or lower ones is in work,
linking with the camera back select switch.
When camera back is not loaded on a selected
camera back mount, the indicator will come off.
When lm is not loaded on the camera back, it
will ash.
[Camera back select switch
Used to select the optical paths, upper (35-mm)
or lower(Electronic images).
\Mydriatic fluorescein angiography select
switch
Used to select Mydriatic uorescein angiogra-
phy mode.
]Mydriatic color switch
Used to switch the system to mydriatic color
photography mode.