Kyoritsu Electrical Instruments Works, Ltd. KEW 4506 User manual

Instruction Manual
INTELLIGENT SOCKET TESTER
KEW 4506

Contents
KEW 4506
1
.Safetyprecautions.............................................................................  1
2
.Features..............................................................................................  5
3
.Instrumentlayout................................................................................  6
4
.Accessories........................................................................................  9
5
.Gettingstarted....................................................................................  9
6
.Sockettest........................................................................................  10
 6 - 1 Outletwithearthpole[ 3 P]....................................................  10
 6 - 1 - 1 N-Ewiringcheckbasedonresistancesofearthwire(E)
andneutralwire(N).......................................................... 
11
 6 - 1 - 2 N-Ewiringcheckbasedonpolaritiesofvoltagesignal
fromsignalsource(KEW
8343 )......................................  12
 6 - 1 - 3 Sockettestprocedures....................................................... 13
 6 - 1 - 4 ConnectionofKEW 8343 .................................................. 15
 6 - 1 - 5 HowtouseKEW 4506 ....................................................... 25
 6 - 2  2 Poutlet....................................................................................  30
7
.Settings.............................................................................................  33
 7 - 1 Disablingresistancemeasurementofearthwire(E)and
neutralwire(N):
3 Poutlet.....................................................  33
 7 - 2 Buzzerandbacklightsettings................................................ 34
8
.LCDbacklight...................................................................................  35
9
.Batteryreplacement........................................................................  36
 10 .Specifications...................................................................................  37

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1
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1. Safety precautions
This tester has been designed, manufactured, and tested according
to IEC 61010 (CAT II 300V): Safety requirements for Electronic
measuring apparatus, and delivered in the best condition after
passing quality control tests.
This instruction manual contains warnings and safety rules
which must be observed by the user to ensure safe operation of
the tester and retain it in safe condition. Therefore, read through
these operating instructions before starting to use the tester.
#DANGER
● Read through and understand the instructions contained in this
manual before starting to use the tester.
● Keep the manual at hand to enable quick reference whenever
necessary.
● The tester is to be used only in its intended applications.
● Understand and follow all the safety instructions contained in
the manual.
● When using the optional KEW 8343 (Signal source) together
with KEW 4506,read the instruction manual for KEW 8343 as
well.
It is essential that the above instructions are adhered to.
Failure to follow the instructions may cause injury, instrument
damage and/or damage to the equipment under test. Kyoritsu is
by no means liable for any damage resulting from the tester in
contradiction to these cautionary notes.
The symbol #indicated on the tester means that the user must
refer to the related parts in the manual for safe operation of the
tester. It is essential to read the instructions wherever the symbol
appears in the manual.

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2
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#DANGER : is reserved for conditions and actions that are
likely to cause serious or fatal injury.
#WARNING : is reserved for conditions and actions that can
cause serious or fatal injury.
#CAUTION : is reserved for conditions and actions that can
cause injury or instrument damage.
- Measurement (over-voltage) category -
To ensure safe operation of measuring instruments, IEC 61010
establishes safety standards for various electrical environments,
categorized as CAT O to CAT IV and called measurement
categories.
Higher-numbered categories correspond to electrical environments
with greater momentary energy, so a measuring instrument
designed for CAT III environments can endure greater momentary
energy than one designed for CAT II.
O (None, Other) : Circuits which are not directly connected to the
mains power supply.
CAT II : Primary electrical circuits of the equipment
connected to an AC electrical outlet by a power
cord.
CAT III : Primary electrical circuits of the equipment
connected directly to the distribution panel, and
feeders from the distribution panel to outlets.
CAT IV : The circuit from the service drop to the service
entrance, and to the power meter and primary
overcurrent protection device (distribution panel).
O: Device which is
not directly
connected to the
mains power supply

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3
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#DANGER
● Use the tester under operating conditions as specified;
otherwise, the protection supplied by the tester can be
compromised and damage itself or lead to a serious accident.
Verify proper operation on a well-known source before using the
tester, or taking actions against the indication of the tester.
● This tester is rated to CAT II 300 V AC. (max. voltage to ground)
Do not test the circuits which exceed this rating: circuits in which
300 V or higher voltage to ground exists.
●
Do not attempt to operate this tester in an explosive atmosphere.
(e.g.: in the presence of flammable or explosive gasses or
vapor)
● Never attempt to use the tester if the tester or your hands are
wet.
- Measurement -
● Be careful not to short-circuit a power line with the metal tips of
KEW 4506 during a measurement. It may cause personal injury.
● Do not exceed the maximum allowable input of any measuring
range.
●
Never open the battery compartment cover during a measurement.
#WARNING
● Always verify the proper operation on a well-known power
source before starting to use the tester.
● If any breaks or cracks are noted on the tester or tip plugs, or
exposed metal parts are noted, do not use the tester.
● Press the test button after connected to the outlet to be tested.
● Never install substitute parts or make any modifications to the
tester. Send the tester to your local KYORITSU distributor for
repair or recalibration.
● Do not try to replace batteries if the surface of the tester is wet.
● Firmly insert and attach the conversion adapter to the tip plugs
as necessary.
● When opening the battery compartment cover for battery
replacement, power off the tester and disconnect from the
object to be tested.

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4
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#CAUTION
● Do not apply voltage to the tester while the tester is off.
● Do not attempt to operate the tester in dusty or wet place.
● Use the tester at a distance as far as possible from a strong
magnetic field or energized objects.
● Never give shocks, such as vibration or drop, which may
damage the tester.
- Battery -
● Brand and type of the batteries should be harmonized.
- After use -
● Always power off the tester after use. Remove batteries if the
tester is to be stored and will not be in use for a long period.
● Do not give vibration, shock, or drop the tester during
transportation.
● Do not expose the tester to the direct sunlight, extremely high
temperature and humidity, or dew fall.
● Use a damp cloth with neutral detergent or water for cleaning
the tester. Do not use abrasives or solvents.
● If the tester is wet, make sure to let it dry before putting it into
storage.
The following symbols are marked and used on the tester or in this
instruction manual. Before starting to use the tester, please read
and understand the meaning of each symbol.
Symbols
CAT II Electrical circuits of equipment connected to an AC
electrical outlet by a power cord. (Primary side)
Double or reinforced insulation
#User must refer to the explanations in the instruction
manual.
(Functional) Earth
This instrument satisfies the marking requirement
defined in the WEEE Directive. This symbol indicates
separate collection for electrical and electronic
equipment.

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5
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2. Features
This is a socket tester which can test wiring connection and find
miswiring in:
* Single-phase 2-Wire, Single-phase 3-Wire systems,
* 3P outlet with earth pole in Three-phase 3-Wire 200 V
(delta connection, L2(S) grounded) and Three-phase 4-Wire
commercial power line, and
* 2P outlet.
For 3P outlet, it is possible to test whether the outlet is correctly
wired by using KEW 4506 together with KEW 8343 (signal source).
It is applicable to integrated earthing systems with low resistances
such as TN, building structure, and common earth systems.
For a wiring system like TT system which has high integrated
earth resistance - resistance between N-E exceeds 2 Ω -, you just
need KEW 4506 to perform a test. The tester measures resistance
between earth pole (E) and neutral wire (N) and judges N-E
connection is correct or reverse. When NE reverse connection is
detected, LCD visually shows incorrect wiring. (e.g.: L-N Reverse or
E Non-connect, etc.)
● Compatible with 3P and 2P* outlets
* To connect the tester to 2P outlet, commercially available 3P/
2P conversion adapter is required.
● At 3P outlet testing, the tester measures resistance between
N-E and displays the value on the LCD. Test current is 10 mA
max, therefore, RCDs rated to 30 mA (sensitive current) don’t
trip unintentionally.
● If N-E resistance measurement function is turned off*, test is
performed with a test voltage applied from an optional signal
source only: current flows between N-E is less than 1 µA.
* If the function is disabled, KEW 4506 doesn’t show resistance
between N-E.
● LCD with backlight. It turns on/ off depending on the ambient
brightness.
● Compact and easy-to-use design
● Tester automatically powers off after 10 minutes of no use. This
function doesn’t work if 80 V or higher voltage is applied to the
tester.
● It is possible to disable backlight and buzzer.

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6

3. Instrument layout
(1) KEW 4506 main unit
Fig. 3-1
Name Description
①Socket for
test lead
Terminal to connect test lead with IEC connector.
②LED indicator
Indicates test result.
Judgement:
Correct...Green LED lights up.
Reverse.....Red LED lights up.
③Test button
Test button with touch pad. Hold down 0.5 sec
or longer with a bare finger. * Tester measures
potential differences between the operator and
N terminal by touching the pad at test and
check miswiring.
④3P/2P button Selects 3P or 2P. (“3P” is always on when
powering on KEW 4506.)
⑤Power button Powers on/ off KEW 4506 by holding down at
least 1 second.
⑥LCD With auto-backlight: turns on/ off automatically
depending on the ambient brightness.
⑦Illuminance
sensor
Detects ambient brightness and automatically
turns on/ off the LCD backlight.

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7
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(2) LCD
Fig. 3-2
Displayed segments and symbols
Testable and selectable socket system:
* “ ” blinks only when testing for the first time
with default setting.
Ready to detect test voltage
Ready to measure N-E resistance
Low battery warning
Buzzer is disabled.
Appears during judgement is in progress.
Indicates voltage between L-N.
Indicates the following values based on the
measured N-E voltage.
- less than 8.0 V: resistances between
0.0 Ω and 1999 Ω
- 8.0 V or higher: voltages between
8.0 V and 20.0 V.

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8
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Indicates the measured values are out of display
range.
L-N voltage
> 290V : Measured value is over 290 V.
< 80V : Measured value is less than 80 V.
N-E resistance
> 1999Ω: Measured value is over 1999 Ω.
N-E voltage
> 20.0V: Measured value is over 20.0 V.
Indicates N-E resistance measurement is disabled.
* Displayed only when the test voltage is used for
wiring check.
Indicates the result is judged by test voltage
detection method.
Indicates correct wiring.
Indicates miswiring.
Indicates N-E connection is unjudgeable.
Indicates wiring errors are detected.
Indicates abnormal voltage across terminals.
Indicates incomplete connection.
Indicates miswiring or reverse connection terminal.

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9
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4. Accessories
● Carrying case MODEL 9161
● Others:
(1) KAMP10 (1500 mm) test lead with IEC connector/
MODEL 7284 (720 mm) test lead with IEC connector
(2) Strap belt
(3) Two size AA Alkaline batteries
(4) Instruction manual
● Optional accessory
Signal source KEW 8343 (Diameter 24 mm)
5. Getting started
Before starting to use KEW 4506, check the following points.
See “9. Battery replacement” in this manual and insert batteries.
(1) Hold down power button 1 sec. to power on KEW 4506.
A long press (1 sec. or longer) is required to power on the tester
for safety purpose. A long press of power button is also required
to power off the tester.
(2) Confirm that battery level indicator isn’t displayed at the
upper left on the LCD.
Note
● Use of size AA Alkaline battery is recommended. The battery
level indicator may not be properly displayed if the
other types of batteries are used.
Battery level is extremely low when the battery indicator is
displayed on the LCD. To perform further measurements, please
refer to “9. Battery replacement” and replace batteries with new
ones.

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10
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6. Socket test
This tester is designed to perform wiring check for electrical outlet
sockets: 2P and 3P.
#DANGER
● This tester is rated to CAT II 300 V AC (max. voltage to ground).
Do not test the circuits which exceed this rating: circuits in which
300 V or higher voltage to ground exists.
Note
● When conducting a test, stand on the floor and do not touch
anything other than the tester to measure electrical potentials
precisely when touching the touch pad on the tester.
● The tester may suddenly power off if you continue testing with
battery level warning indicator is displayed on the LCD.
6-1 Outlet with earth pole [3P]
Note
● The tester may show “E Non-connect”, although the outlet is
correctly wired, if the earth resistance of the circuit under test
is high or voltage between L-E is extremely low due to large
leakage currents.
The tester measures the following values and judges whether wall
outlets are properly wired or not.
(1) Voltages across terminals
(2) Potential differences between N terminal and touch pad
(operator)
(3) Resistances of earth wire (E) and neutral wire (N)
(4) Polarity of test voltage signal from signal source (KEW 8343)
As for (3) and (4) mentioned above, detailed explanations are
described in the following pages.

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11
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6-1-1 N-E wiring check based on resistances of earth wire (E)
and neutral wire (N)
RE (RE1 + RE2) in Fig. 6-1 includes earth resistance; therefore, the
resistance value is higher than the RN (resistance of a neutral wire).
Compare the measured RE and RN and KEW 4506 judges as follows.
RE > RN……[PASS], RE < RN……[NE Reverse]
RN
Power supply
N
L
E
RE2
RE1
RE=RE2+RE1
3P outlet
Fig. 6-1
Note
This tester cannot be used as an earth resistance tester since the
frequency of test current is low: common earth resistance testers
may have different resistance measurement values.
If any of the conditions described in the following #CAUTION or
Note is applicable, it is recommended to use test voltage signal only
with N-E resistance measurement function turning off. See “Outlet
with earth pole (3P), resistance of earth wire (E), and turning off
resistance measurement of neutral wire (N)” in “7. Settings”.
#CAUTION
●
Anti-trip-technology is applicable to RCDs rated to 30 mA or higher.
It’s not applicable to RCDs rated to 15 mA.
● RCDs rated to 30 mA or higher may trip if the circuit under test
has insulation resistance of 0.1 MΩ or less. It is recommended
to measure leakage current before conducting a test and add it
to test current of 10 mA max and confirm the total current value
doesn’t exceed the rated current.
● If insulation monitoring devices are installed, conducting a test
may activate the warning alarm. In such case, please contact
management company or owner of the test site.

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12
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Note
● When testing 3P outlet, do not connect multiple KEW 4506
at the same time. If testing outlets wired from the same
transformer simultaneously, correct judgement result may not
be obtained.
● On the following wiring systems, resistance value isn’t used for
judgment.
- voltage between N-E is 8 V or more
- small differences in RN and RE (|RN－RE| ≦ 1 Ω)
- low resistance between N-E (RN+RE ≦ 2 Ω)
- N-E resistance: over-range (RN+RE > 1999 Ω)
6-1-2 N-E wiring check based on polarities of voltage signal
from signal source (KEW 8343)
As shown in Fig. 6-2, apply test voltage to a neutral wire (N) via
signal source. Connect KEW 4506 to a 3P outlet and measure
the test voltage between N-E and then compare the phase of test
voltage and reference value to judge whether: the phase is the
same with the reference value [Correct] or 180-degree reverse
(opposite to the reference value) [NE Reverse].
Power supply
N
L
E
3P outlet
[correct]
P
hase coordinate
N
L
E
[NE Reverse]
R
eversed phase
Test voltage
N-E voltage
Fig. 6-2

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13
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When testing wiring systems such as TT system, which has high
total earth resistance (resistance between N-E is 2 Ω or higher),
you just need KEW 4506 and measure resistances of earth pole (E)
and neutral wire (N) to check N and E are wired properly.
To test wiring systems with low resistances such as TN, building
structure, and common earth systems, connect KEW 8343 to
the location close to the branch circuit breaker to which 3P outlet
under test is wired and apply test voltage. See “5. Wiring system”
described in the instruction manual for KEW 8343.
6-1-3 Socket test procedures
KEW 4506 conducts test in the following procedures.
VL-N : Voltage between L-N
VL-E : Voltage between L-E
VN-E : Voltage between N-E
VMAX : The maximum voltage among L-N, L-E, and N-E
● : Measured voltage is 70% or higher than VMAX.
* : Measured voltage is less than 70% of VMAX.
RE : Resistance of earth pole (E)
RN : Resistance of neutral wire (N)
RNE : Resistance between neutral wire (N) and earth pole (E)

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14
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Line voltage test
●/＊/＊
●/＊/＊
●/＊/●
＊
●
＊
＊/●
●/＊
●/●
Abnormal Volt.
Potential differences
detected.
L-N voltage:
L-E voltage:
N-E voltage:
●
＊
＊
●
●
＊
L-E Reverse L-N Reverse
No potential
differences.
Touch pad
test
No potential
differences.
Touch pad
test
N-E Volt.
test 1
Test Volt.
signal test
Resistance
test
N-E
unjudgeable
(>20 V)
N-E
unjudgeable
N-E Reverse
N-E Volt.
test 2
Correct
VN-E＜8V
|RN-RE|≦1Ω
or RNE≦2Ω
or RNE≧2000Ω
Positive
Undetectable
VN-E≧8V
VN-E＜20V
VN-E≧20V
RN＜RE RN＞RE
Negative
Fig. 6-3

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15
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6-1-4 Connection of KEW 8343
！To obtain accurate result:
Clamp a neutral wire (N) with test voltage injection clamp observing
the orientation shown below: arrow mark on the clamp shall be
towards the outlet. Ensure that the transformer jaws are firmly
engaged and closed.
Outlet side
Power source side
Arrow mark
Fig. 6-4
Note
●
To apply test voltage correctly, check the size of conductor to be
tested - the maximum measurable conductor size is approx. 24 mm
- so that the jaws close completely.

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16
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Note
● As shown in Fig. 6-5, the phase of test voltage applied to
a neutral wire (N) changes 180-degree depending on the
orientation of the test voltage injection clamp. KEW 4506
performs socket test based on the polarity (phase difference)
of the test voltage signal; therefore, if the orientation of test
voltage injection clamp is incorrect, KEW 4506 judges as [NE
Reverse] even if the tested socket is correctly wired.
Fig. 6-5
[NE Reverse] [correctly wired]
● It is impossible to test ungrounding system (floating power
supply) which is mainly utilized in hospital, sound room, and
UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) because test voltage
cannot be applied to.
Power supply
KEW8343
Fig. 6-6

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17

Note
● Socket test cannot be performed if a neutral wire (N) connected
to ground is closer to the outlet to be tested than the clamp
position of test voltage injection clamp.
Power supply
KEW8343
Fig. 6-7
● KEW 8343 and KEW 4506 (Socket tester) cannot perform
socket test if they are connected to:
* a live phase and in which one voltage phase is different from
other phases in Three-phase 4-wire system (wye or delta
connection).
That is, if you make connections as illustrated on the next page
(Fig. 6-9 and Fig. 6-10) for the wiring systems described below,
correct measurement result cannot be obtained.
Fig. 6-8

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18
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Power supply
KEW8343
Fig. 6-9
Power supply
KEW8343
Fig. 6-10