Leader LG 3219 User manual

LG 3219 / LG 3238
RDS SIGNAL GENERATOR /
AM/FM STEREO SIGNAL GENERATOR
INSTRUCTION MANUAL

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
(Be sure to keep the following precautions.)
Precautions that must be kept in order to prevent injuries to users or any other people and damages to their
properties are explained below.
Use this instrument in a manner specified in this instruction manual. Otherwise, the protection provided by this
instrument may be impaired.
■Levels of injuries or damages that may occur when the instrument is used incorrectly without paying
attention to descriptions of warnings or cautions are divided with marks shown below and their meanings
are explained.
WARNING
DANGER
Indicates a potentially hazardous situations which, if not
heeded, could result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situations which, if not
heeded, should result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION Indicates a potentially hazardous situations which, if not
heeded, could result in minor or moderate injury or machine
damage.
■Precautions that must be kept are divided with marks shown below and their meanings are described.
(Some of the marks are given below.)
This mark describes matters which users must perform.
This mark describes matters which users must not perform.
This mark describes matters which users must pay attention to.
■SAFETY SYMBOLS.
High voltage symbol:
This mark describes dangerous voltage exceeding 600 V.
Frame or chassis terminal:
Terminals with this mark are connected to chassis ground.
Power ON symbol:
In-position of the bistable power switch.
At in-position, power is turned on.
Power OFF symbol:
Out-position of the bistable power switch.
At out-position, power is turned off.

Any dust on the plug may cause insulation failure due to absorbed moisture. It may further
result in fire.
Disconnect the power plug to wipe it with a dry cloth.
電源コードの保護接地端子は必ず接地する
Do not damage, modify, forcefully bend, twist, stret
ch, nor bind the power cable and power
plug. Do not put a heat apparatus close to them nor a heavy object on them.
Be sure to connect the protective earth termi
nal of the power cable to the
ground.
Connect the protective earth terminal of the power cable to the ground to avoid an electric
shock.
WARNING
Using a damaged power cable or power plug may cause an electric shock, short-circuit, or fire.
・
For repair of the damaged power cable or power plug, contact the dealer or representative from which you
purchased the product.
電源コードの保護接地端子は必ず接地する
Do not attempt to damage the power cable and power plug.
Clean dust off the power plug periodically.
Improper insertion may cause an electric shock or fire due to the heated plug.
Never use a damaged plug or loose socket outlet.
Surely insert the power plug to the full.
Such an attempt may cause an electric shock.
Never insert or pull out the power cable with a wet hand.
Never use the instrument in rooms having a flammable or volatile gas or vapor. Otherwise,
explosion or fire may break out.
Do not use the instrument in an explosive environment.
Follow the supply voltage specified in the instruction manual. Otherwise, fire may break out.
Operate the instrument at the specified supply voltage.

Fire may break out. Do not apply voltage exceeding the value specified in this manual.
Do not apply voltage exceeding the specified value.
Disassembly may cause an electric shock or malfunction.
・
Though critical sections on safety are shielded, disassembly work may expose a hazardous
section.
電源コードの保護接地端子は必ず接地する
Do not disassemble the instrument.
WARNING
CAUTION
Otherwise, an electric shock or fire may break out. Immediately turn off the instrument and
disconnect the power cable. Then contact the dealer or representative from which you
purchased the instrument.
Do not use the instrument which has any trouble nor is broken.
Use the rated fuse specified in the instruction manual for replacement. Otherwise, fire may
break out.
Use the specified fuse.
Information on Disposal for Users of Waste Electrical & Electronic Equipment (private households)
This symbol on the products and/or accompanying documents means that used electrical and
electronic products should not be mixed with general household waste.
For proper treatment, recovery and recycling, please take these products to designated
collection points, where they will be accepted on a free of charge basis. Alternatively, in some
countries you may be able to return your products to your local retailer upon the purchase of
an equivalent new product.
Disposing of this product correctly will help to save valuable resources and prevent any
potential negative effects on human health and the environment which could otherwise arise
from inappropriate waste handling. Please contact your local authority for further details of your nearest
designated collection point.
Penalties may be applicable for incorrect disposal of this waste, in accordance with national legislation.
For business users in the European Union
If you wish to discard electrical and electronic equipment, please contact your dealer or supplier for further
information.
Information on Disposal in other Countries outside the European Union
This symbol is only valid in the European Union.
If you wish to discard this product, please contact your local authorities or dealer and ask for the correct
method of disposal.

i
Contents
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
1-1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................1-1
1-2 DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................................1-2
1-3 FEATURES............................................................................................................................1-3
1-3-1 Features common to the two instruments.....................................................................1-3
1-3-2 Features applied to LG 3219 only .................................................................................1-3
1-4 FUNCTION ............................................................................................................................1-4
1-4-1 FM stereo modulator .....................................................................................................1-4
1-4-2 RDS signal (LG 3219 only)............................................................................................1-6
1-4-3 RDS data editor (LG 3219 only) ....................................................................................1-7
1-4-4 TRI (=ARI) signal (LG 3219 only)..................................................................................1-7
1-4-5 Preset function ..............................................................................................................1-7
1-4-6 GP-IB control.................................................................................................................1-8
1-4-7 RS-232-C interface .......................................................................................................1-8
1-4-8 External control interface ..............................................................................................1-8
CHAPTER 2 SPECIFICATIONS
2-1 ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE............................................................................................2-1
2-2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ........................................................................................2-7
2-3 MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE ..........................................................................................2-8
2-4 ACCESSORIES .....................................................................................................................2-8
2-5 WIRING REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................................2-8
2-6 REGULATORY INFORMATION............................................................................................2-9
CHAPTER 3 INSTALLATION
3-1 POWER REQUIREMENT .....................................................................................................3-1
3-2 FUSE .....................................................................................................................................3-1
3-3 POWER CABLE ....................................................................................................................3-2
3-4 CONNECTING TO OTHER EQUIPMENT ............................................................................3-2
3-5 INSTALLING ON A DESKTOP..............................................................................................3-3
3-6 OPTIONAL RACK MOUNT ...................................................................................................3-3
3-7 BATTERY ..............................................................................................................................3-3
3-8 INSTALL OF EDITOR (LG 3219 only)...................................................................................3-3
3-8-1 Operational environment...............................................................................................3-3
3-8-2 Connection ....................................................................................................................3-4
3-8-3 Install of editor...............................................................................................................3-4
3-9 OTHERS ................................................................................................................................3-4

ii
CHAPTER 4 NAMES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE OPERATIONAL PARTS
4-1 GENERAL..............................................................................................................................4-1
4-2 DESCRIPTION OF THE FRONT PANEL..............................................................................4-1
4-3 DESCRIPTION OF THE REAR PANEL ................................................................................4-10
CHAPTER 5 OPERATION
5-1 GENERAL..............................................................................................................................5-1
5-2 RF FREQUENCY...................................................................................................................5-2
5-2-1 General .........................................................................................................................5-2
5-2-2 Direct setting with the data keys....................................................................................5-3
5-2-3 Modification with the EDIIT knob...................................................................................5-3
5-2-4 Relative value display....................................................................................................5-4
5-2-5 Specifying a relative RF frequency value ......................................................................5-5
5-2-6 Disabling the relative value display ...............................................................................5-6
5-2-7 Specifying a variable step amount of an RF frequency.................................................5-6
5-2-8 Changing an RF frequency with a variable step amount ..............................................5-7
5-2-9 Disabling the variable step operation of an RF frequency ............................................5-7
5-3 OUTPUT LEVEL....................................................................................................................5-8
5-3-1 General .........................................................................................................................5-8
5-3-2 Direct setting with the data keys....................................................................................5-8
5-3-3 Modification with the EDIIT knob...................................................................................5-9
5-3-4 Relative value display....................................................................................................5-9
5-3-5 Specifying a relative output level value .........................................................................5-10
5-3-6 Disabling the relative value display ...............................................................................5-11
5-3-7 Turning an RF output signal ON or OFF .......................................................................5-11
5-3-8 Specifying a variable step amount of an output level....................................................5-11
5-3-9 Changing an output level with a variable step amount..................................................5-12
5-3-10 Disabling the variable step operation of an output level................................................5-13
5-4 AMPLITUDE MODULATION (AM) ........................................................................................5-14
5-4-1 General .........................................................................................................................5-14
5-4-2 Turning amplitude modulation ON or OFF....................................................................5-14
5-4-3 Selecting an AM signal..................................................................................................5-15
5-4-4 Direct setting with the data keys....................................................................................5-15
5-4-5 Modification with the EDIIT knob...................................................................................5-16
5-4-6 External amplitude modulation......................................................................................5-16
5-5 FREQUENCY MODULATION (FM).......................................................................................5-18
5-5-1 General .........................................................................................................................5-18
5-5-2 Turning frequency modulation ON or OFF....................................................................5-18
5-5-3 Selecting an FM signal..................................................................................................5-19
5-5-4 Direct setting with the data keys....................................................................................5-19
5-5-5 Modification with the EDIIT knob...................................................................................5-20
5-5-6 External frequency modulation......................................................................................5-20

iii
5-6 MAIN- AND SUB-CHANNEL SIGNALS OF FM STEREO.....................................................5-22
5-6-1 General .........................................................................................................................5-22
5-6-2 Turning main- / sub-channel signals ON or OFF ..........................................................5-23
5-6-3 Selecting a modulation signal .......................................................................................5-23
5-6-4 Direct setting with the data keys....................................................................................5-23
5-6-5 Modification with the EDIIT knob...................................................................................5-24
5-7 PILOT SIGNAL ......................................................................................................................5-25
5-7-1 General .........................................................................................................................5-25
5-7-2 Turning pilot signal ON or OFF .....................................................................................5-25
5-7-3 Direct setting with the data keys....................................................................................5-25
5-7-4 Modification with the EDIIT knob...................................................................................5-26
5-8 PRE-EMPHASIS....................................................................................................................5-27
5-8-1 General .........................................................................................................................5-27
5-8-2 Selecting a time constant ..............................................................................................5-27
5-9 SCA SIGNAL .........................................................................................................................5-28
5-10 COMPOSITE SIGNAL OUTPUT LEVEL ...............................................................................5-28
5-11 RDS SIGNAL (LG 3219 only) ................................................................................................5-29
5-11-1 General .........................................................................................................................5-29
5-11-2 Turning an RDS signal ON or OFF ...............................................................................5-29
5-11-3 Direct setting of a signal level with the data keys..........................................................5-30
5-11-4 Modification of a signal level with the EDIIT knob.........................................................5-30
5-11-5 Direct setting of pattern data with the data keys ...........................................................5-31
5-11-6 Modification of pattern data with the EDIIT knob ..........................................................5-32
5-11-7 Selecting a sub-carrier phase .......................................................................................5-32
5-12 TRI (=ARI) SIGNAL (LG 3219 only).......................................................................................5-33
5-12-1 General .........................................................................................................................5-33
5-12-2 Turning an SK signal ON or OFF..................................................................................5-34
5-12-3 Direct setting of an SK signal level with the data keys ..................................................5-34
5-12-4 Modification of an SK signal level with the EDIIT knob .................................................5-34
5-12-5 Turning a BK signal ON or OFF....................................................................................5-35
5-12-6 Direct setting of the AM degree of a BK signal with the data keys................................5-35
5-12-7 Modification of the AM degree of a BK signal with the EDIIT knob...............................5-36
5-12-8 Selecting a BK signal code data....................................................................................5-37
5-12-9 Modification of a BK signal code data with the EDIIT knob...........................................5-37
5-12-10 Turning a DK signal ON or OFF....................................................................................5-38
5-12-11 Direct setting of the AM degree of a DK signal with the data keys ...............................5-38
5-12-12 Modification of the AM degree of a DK signal with the EDIIT knob...............................5-39
5-13 DDS FREQUENCY ..............................................................................................................5-40
5-13-1 General .........................................................................................................................5-40
5-13-2 Direct setting with the data keys....................................................................................5-40
5-13-3 Modification with the EDIIT knob...................................................................................5-41
5-13-4 Specifying a variable step amount of the DDS frequency.............................................5-41
5-13-5 Changing the DDS frequency at a variable step amount ..............................................5-42

iv
5-13-6 Canceling the step DDS frequency ...............................................................................5-42
5-14 ASSORTED PRESET MEMORY...........................................................................................5-44
5-14-1 General .........................................................................................................................5-44
5-14-2 Storing operation...........................................................................................................5-45
5-14-3 Direct recalling operation ..............................................................................................5-46
5-14-4 Sequential recalling operation .......................................................................................5-46
5-14-5 Grouped sequential recalling operation ........................................................................5-48
CHAPTER 6 GP-IB INTERFACE
6-1 GENERAL..............................................................................................................................6-1
6-2 GP-IB INTERFACE FUNCTION ............................................................................................6-1
6-3 GP-IB CONNECTOR.............................................................................................................6-1
6-4 GP-IB ADDRESS SETTING ..................................................................................................6-2
6-5 DEVICE CLEAR.....................................................................................................................6-3
6-6 FUNCTIONS REMOTELY UNCONTROLLABLE..................................................................6-4
6-7 REMOTE / LOCAL FUNCTION .............................................................................................6-4
6-7-1 Local mode....................................................................................................................6-4
6-7-2 Remote mode................................................................................................................6-5
6-7-3 Remote mode with lockout............................................................................................6-5
6-8 RESPONSE TO COMMANDS ..............................................................................................6-5
6-9 PROGRAM CODE INPUT FORMAT.....................................................................................6-6
6-9-1 Input program message format.....................................................................................6-6
6-9-2 Delimiter for a program message..................................................................................6-6
6-9-3 The end code ................................................................................................................6-6
6-9-4 Program code input format ...........................................................................................6-7
CHAPTER 7 RS-232-C INTERFACE
7-1 GENERAL..............................................................................................................................7-1
7-2 INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS ...........................................................................................7-1
7-3 RS-232-C CONNECTOR.......................................................................................................7-1
CHAPTER 8 EXTERNAL CONTROL INTERFACE
8-1 GENERAL..............................................................................................................................8-1
8-1-1 External control interface function.................................................................................8-1
8-1-2 Relay drive output function............................................................................................8-1
8-2 EXT CONTROL I/O CONNECTOR .......................................................................................8-2
8-3 MODE SETTING ...................................................................................................................8-3
8-4 COMMON ITEMS ON EVERY OPERATION ........................................................................8-4
8-5 REMOTE SEQUENTIAL RECALL.........................................................................................8-5
8-5-1 Connector pins used .....................................................................................................8-5

v
8-5-2 Specifications for electrical operation............................................................................8-5
8-6 REMOTE EDIIT .....................................................................................................................8-6
8-6-1 Connector pins used .....................................................................................................8-6
8-6-2 Specifications for electrical operation............................................................................8-6
8-7 REMOTE DIRECT RECALL ..................................................................................................8-7
8-7-1 Connector pins used .....................................................................................................8-7
8-7-2 Specifications for electrical operation............................................................................8-7
8-8 CONTROL OUTPUT .............................................................................................................8-8
8-8-1 Connector pins used .....................................................................................................8-8
8-8-2 Readout.........................................................................................................................8-8
8-8-3 Operating procedure .....................................................................................................8-8
8-9 RELAY DRIVE OUTPUT .......................................................................................................8-10
8-9-1 Output connector...........................................................................................................8-10
8-9-2 Operating procedure .....................................................................................................8-11
APPENDIX GP-IB Program code list

1-1
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
1-1 INTRODUCTION
This instruction manual consists of the following sections:
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Provides a general description and feature of the signal generator.
CHAPTER 2 SPECIFICATIONS
Gives the specifications of this instrument.
CHAPTER 3 INSTALLATION
Describes electrical and mechanical preparations to be made to use the instrument and safety
precautions. Be sure to read this section before operating the instrument.
CHAPTER 4 NAMES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE OPERATIONAL PARTS
Describes names and functions of each operation part of the instrument.
CHAPTER 5 OPERATION
Explains each function on the panel and the operation procedures of the signal generator.
CHAPTER 6 GP-IB INTERFACE
This chapter describes in detail how to use the GP-IB interface to operate this product.
CHAPTER 7 RS-232-C INTERFACE
Describes the RS-232-C interface function of the instrument.
CHAPTER 8 EXTERNAL CONTROL INTERFACE
Describes the external control interface function unique to the instrument.
CHAPTER 9 MAINTENANCE
Describes the daily maintenance procedure.

■GENERAL
1-2
1-2 DESCRIPTION
This series of signal generators generates CW, FM, AM, and mixed FM/AM modulation signals in the
range of 100 kHz to 140 MHz, and generates CW and FM modulation signals in the range of 162 MHz to
163 MHz. The series provides the remote control function.
This series features the FM and AM monophonic modulation function and a built-in FM stereo
modulator based on the FM stereo broadcasting system. Additionally the model LG 3219 has built-in
RDS and TRI modulators that are widely used in Europe.
A frequency in the range of 70 MHz to 140 MHz and 162 MHz to 163 MHz is a directly generated
fundamental wave. Using this wave, signals are generated with the heterodyne down conversion
method in the range of 100 kHz to 35 MHz, or with the 1/2 frequency division method in the range of 35
MHz to 70 MHz.
This series of instruments may be defined as synthesized signal generators. They generate a
precise RF frequency that is always phase-locked to the built-in reference crystal oscillator. The
frequency resolution is 100 Hz.
The ⊿F function can be used to directly read out increment or decrement from a predetermined
reference frequency value. Also setting a variable step amount allows a frequency to be changed at a
desired step amount.
An output level can be set in the range of －20 dBµV [emf] to 126 dBµV [emf] with the setting
resolution of 0.1 dB. The attenuator section for output control is provided with a semiconductor to
prolong the life of the instrument except when there is a relay switch at 106 dBµV [emf].
The ⊿dB function can be used to directly read out increment or decrement from a predetermined
reference output level. Also setting a variable step amount allows an output level to be changed at a
desired step amount.
This series of instruments provide modulation of FM and AM, and also mixed AM/FM modulation by
combining internal and external modulation signals.
This series generates composite stereo modulation signals from the built-in stereo modulator to
provide modulation based on the FM stereo broadcasting system.
Besides, the model LG 3219 has built-in modulators for signals of RDS (Radio Data System) that is
used as a digital data transmission method in FM stereo broadcasting in European countries or RBDS
(Radio Broadcast Data System) that is used in the United States, and for signals of TRI (Traffic Radio
Information) that is used as a traffic information identity signal in European countries. Thus this
instrument can provide modulation waves multiplexed with composite stereo modulation signals in FM
stereo modulation.
For further information on stereo modulators, RDS signals, and TRI signals, see the paragraph "1-5
FUNCTION."
These instruments have the assorted preset memory function, which stores up to 100 sets of
parameters for a frequency, output level, modulation status, and external control output signal in
memories. The stored parameters can be recalled as necessary.
Battery backup is available so that the state set with the panel operation is retained even after the
power is turned off.
These features and functions allows this series of signal generators to be used to automate
production and inspection lines for AM/FM receivers, communication equipment and components, as well
as to generate measuring signals for maintenance, research and development.

GENERAL■
1-3
1-3 FEATURES
Given below are main features of the instrument.
1-3-1 Features common to the two instruments
(1) Wide band and high output level
The instrument provides the high output level of 126 dBµV [emf] in the wide frequency range of 100
kHz to 140 MHz.
(2) High stability
An RF output-signal is always phase-locked to the built-in crystal oscillator and kept in ±5×10－6
stability.
(3) Long life
Use of a semiconductor in the attenuator varying RF output signals allows for long life of the
instrument.
(4) ⊿F and ⊿dB direct reading functions
The ⊿F function displays the relative value of an RF frequency as an increment and decrement from
a given reference value. The ⊿dB function displays the relative value of an output level as an increment
and decrement from a given reference value.
(5) Assorted preset memory
The instrument stores up to 100 sets of parameters for a frequency, output level and modulation
status. The stored parameters can be recalled as desired.
(6) Modification of output signal parameters
The instrument modifies any digit of the parameters for an RF frequency, output level and modulation
status with the rotary knob.
(7) Remote control
The instrument is equipped with the GP-IB, RS-232-C and external control interfaces at standard.
(8) Weather band output
The instrument provides RF outputs ranging from 162.000 0 to 163.000 0 MHz. (available for FM
monophonic modulation only)
(9) Built-in stereo modulator
A built-in FM stereo modulator is available. Thus this instrument alone can generate a stereo
modulation wave which is used to test and measure a receiver for FM stereo broadcasting.
(10) DDS oscillator for internal modulation
In addition to the RC oscillator, the instrument is equipped with the built-in DDS which enables the
setting of 1 Hz resolution in the range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz. This is used for measuring the frequency
characteristics of a receiver.
1-3-2 Features applied to LG 3219 only
RDS and TRI signal sources
The instrument has a built-in RDS or RBDS signal source and TRI (=ARI) signal source. With these
signal sources, the instrument alone can generate modulation waves that are to be used to test and
measure FM multiplex broadcasting receivers.

■GENERAL
1-4
1-4 FUNCTION
1-4-1 FM stereo modulator
(1) FM stereo broadcasting
As outlined in Figure 1-2, a broadcasting using the carrier suppression AM / FM system is generally
called an FM stereo broadcasting. This system was established by FCC (Federal Communications
Commission) and EUB (European Broadcasti0g Union), and is now submitted to the Radio Regulatory
Council of the Post and Telecommunications Ministry.
Though established by FCC originally, the SCA (Subsidiary Communications Authorization) indicated
by a dotted line in the figure is considered by EBU as a traffic information signal. This frequency range is
called the second sub-channel in Japan.
The instrument contains the functions of both a stereo modulator and signal generator, as shown in
Figure 1-2.
100
45
10
［Level ratio］ （unit: %）
50 15 k 23 k 38 k 53 k 99 k
［Frequency］
（unit: Hz）
19 k
Monophonic signal Main channel (or L＋R channel)
Pilot signal
Sub channel
(or L－R channel)
SCA
Composite stereo broadcast wave
L＋R signal L－R signal
Sum circuit Difference circuit
L R L R
L (left) channel signal R (right) channel
Stereo signal
Frequency
modulation (FM) for
carrier of broadcast
waves
FM stereo broadcast wave
Stereo modulator Signal generator
(Carrier suppression AM)
Figure 1-2 Outline of FM stereo broadcasting

GENERAL■
1-5
(2) Modulation mode
Six types of modulation modes are available.
(a) Modulation off
Both the main- and sub-channel signals are turned off.
(b) Monophonic
Without stereo modulation, only a main-channel signal is generated. The PILOT signal is
turned off.
As a test tone, an internal AF signal or an externally supplied sine wave ranging from 20 Hz to
100 kHz can be used.
(c) L＝R mode
The same test tone is applied to both L and R inputs shown in the figure 1-2 at the same phase
to generate a composite stereo signal. The resultant signal composes for the main-channel
signal component only.
As a test tone, an internal AF signal or an externally supplied sine wave ranging from 20 Hz to 15
kHz can be used.
(d) L mode
A test tone is applied only to the L input in the figure 1-2 to generate a composite stereo signal.
The resultant signal composes of the main- and sub-channel signal components with the same
level. When demodulated in a stereo receiver, the signal appears only at the L channel.
As a test tone, an internal AF signal or an externally supplied sine wave ranging from 20 Hz to 15
kHz can be used.
(e) R mode
A test tone is applied only to the R input in Figure 1-2 to generate a composite stereo signal. The
resultant signal composes of the main- and sub-channel signal components with the same level.
When demodulated in a stereo receiver, the signal appears only at the R channel.
As a test tone, an internal AF signal or an externally supplied sine wave ranging from 20 Hz to 15
kHz can be used.
(f) L=－R mode
The same test tone is applied to both L and R inputs in Figure 1-2 at the reversed phase to
generate a composite stereo signal. The resultant signal composes of the sub-channel signal
component only.
As a test tone, an internal AF signal or an externally supplied sine wave ranging from 20 Hz to 15
kHz can be used.
(3) PILOT signal
The 19 kHz PILOT signal can be turned on / off independently and used to specify a signal level ratio.
When the modulation mode is set to monophonic, however, this signal is turned off.
(4) Pre-emphasis
The instrument provides the main- and sub-channel with the pre-emphasis feature. The time
constant can be selected out of 25 µs, 50 µs and 75 µs.

■GENERAL
1-6
The pre-emphasis feature of this instrument shows the same level for pre-emphasis on and pre-
emphasis off in the flat zone below 400 Hz. Thus increasing the frequency of a test tone causes both
main- and sub-channel signal to be saturated. When turning the pre-emphasis feature on, be sure to
specify the deviation between a main- and sub-channel signal so that they are not saturated.
(5) SCA input
The instrument is equipped with an SCA input terminal. An input signal applied to the SCA input
terminal is multiplexed with a composite stereo signal. An SCA input signal equals the level ratio or
10 % at about 0.56 V [P-P].
1-4-2 RDS signal (LG 3219 only)
The model LG 3219 can generate RDS signals that are defined in CENELEC EN 50067 and
broadcasted in European countries, and RBDS signals that are defined in NRSC/NAB and broadcasted in
the United States.
Except for a little difference in usage because of different broadcasting areas, the RDS signals and
RBDS signals are same in modulation method, transmission method, and data structure. Thus in the
rest of this manual, it is assumed that the RDS signals include the RBDS signals unless otherwise
specified.
Listed below are the general specifications of RDS signals.
Table 1-1 Outline of RDS signals
Item Specification
Sub carrier frequency 57 kHz
FM deviation ±2 kHz
Modulation method BPSK (Bi-Phase Shift Keying)
Coding method Differential coding
Data rate 1 187.5 bps
Bandwidth 57 kHz ±2.4 kHz (100 % cosign roll-off)
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5
Block 1 Block 2 Block 3 Block 4
Information word Check word
mFmEmDmCmBmAm9m8m7m6m5m4m3m2m1m0m9m8m7m6m5m4m3m2m1m0
104 bits
26 bits
16 bits 10 bits
MSB LSB MSB LSB
Transmission order
Figure 1-3 RDS data structure

GENERAL■
1-7
1-4-3 RDS data editor (LG 3219 only)
The model LG 3219 is supplied with the RDS data editor software for creating and editing data of
RDS signals. The RDS data editor software runs on Microsoft Windows.
The RDS data editor automatically creates RDS data from entered sequence data and code data.
The created RDS data can be downloaded in the internal memory of LG 3219 and used as its modulation
output signals.
1-4-4 TRI (=ARI) signal (LG 3219 only)
The model LG 3219 has the built-in generators of TRI (=ARI) signals that are defined in CENELEC
EN 50067 and broadcasted in European countries. The instrument can provide both TRI signals and
RDS signals. Listed below are the general specifications of TRI signals.
Table 1-2 Outline of TRI signals
Item Specification
Sub carrier SK＊1
Frequency 57 kHz
FM deviation ±4 kHz (only TRI)
±3.5 kHz (both RDS/TRI)
Modulation method AM
Announcement signal DK＊2
Modulation frequency 125 Hz (57 kHz / 456)
AM degree 30 %
Area signal BK＊3
Modulation frequency A: 23.75 Hz (57 kHz / 2 400)
B: 28.27 Hz (57 kHz / 2 016)
C: 34.93 Hz (57 kHz / 1 632)
D: 39.58 Hz (57 kHz / 1 440)
E: 45.67 Hz (57 kHz / 1 248)
F: 53.98 Hz (57 kHz / 1 056)
AM degree 60 %
*1：Senderkennung, Transmitter Identification Code
*2：Durchsagekennung, Announcement Identification Code
*3：Bereichskennung, Area Identification Code
1-4-5 Preset function
This function stores an RF frequency, output level, modulation status (such as AM / FM, INT / EXT
signal, modulation mode, modulation degree, on / off and external control output signal) and stereo status
in a set in the memory, and recalls the set at a time as desired.
Once recalled, any parameter can be modified at will. The generator accommodates up to 100 sets
of parameters.

■GENERAL
1-8
1-4-6 GP-IB control
Shown below is the GP-IB interface function of these instruments.
Table1-3 GP-IB interface functions
Function Code Description
Source handshake SH1 Complete capability
Acceptor handshake AH1 Complete capability
Talker T7 Basic talker, talker release by MLA, talk only
Listener L3 Basic listener, listener release by MTA, listen only
Service request SR0 No capability
Remote / local RL1 Complete capability
Parallel poll PP0 No capability
Device clear DC1 Complete capability
Device trigger DT0 No capability
Controller C0 No capability
1-4-7 RS-232-C interface
Shown below is the RS-232-C interface of these instruments.
Table 1-4 RS-232-C interface
Item Specification
Baud rate 38 400 bps
Character length 8 bits
Parity EVEN
Flow control Xon / Xoff
Stop bit 1 bit
1-4-8 External control Interface
Shown below are the external control interface functions of these instruments.
(1) Remote sequential recall
(2) Remote modify
(3) Remote direct recall
(4) Control output
(5) Relay drive output

CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 2 SPECIFICATIONS
2-1 ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE
■Frequency
Item Specification Condition & Remark
Range 0.1 MHz to 140 MHz
Resolution 100 Hz
Frequency band Band 1: 0.100 0 MHz to 35.000 0 MHz
Band 2: 35.000 1 MHz to 70.000 0 MHz
Band 3: 70.000 1 MHz to 140.000 0 MHz
Accuracy ±5×10－6
Internal reference
oscillator temperature
effect
±5×10－6
■Output level
Item Specification Condition & Remark
Range －20 dBµV [emf] to 126 dBµV [emf]
Resolution 0.1 dB
Accuracy ±1.5 dB (Output level ≧0 dBµV [emf])
±2.0 dB (Output level ＜0 dBµV [emf])
Output impedance 50 Ω
VSWR ≦1.3 (Output level≦101 dBµV)
Attenuator contact Semiconductor
■Spectral purity
Item Specification Condition & Remark
Spurious output signals
Harmonics (2nd, 3rd) ≦－30 dBc
Non-harmonics ≦－50 dBc (Band 2 to 3)
≦－40 dBc (Band 1: 0.1 MHz ≦fs ≦35 MHz)
≦－30 dBc (Band 1：fs≧35.000 1 MHz)
At a point of 10 kHz or more
from the carrier
fs: Spurious output frequency
Residual modulation
FM component ≧76 dB (10.7 MHz±1MHz, 76 MHz to 108 MHz)
≧73 dB (Band 1 to 3：0.3 MHz to 140 MHz)
Represented as S/N ratio in
reference to 75 kHz deviation
with the modulation frequency
of 1 kHz. Post detection
bandwidth: 50 Hz to 15 kHz
De-emphasis: 50 µs
2-1

■SPECIFICATIONS
■Spectral purity (Cont’d)
Item Specification Condition & Remark
AM component ≧55 dB (Band 1: 0.4 MHz to 1.7 MHz)
≧50 dB (Band 1 to 3: 0.15 MHz to 140 MHz)
Represented as an S/N ratio in
reference to 30 % modulation
with the modulation frequency
of 1 kHz. (Beat components
are excluded.)
Post detection bandwidth:
50 Hz to 15 kHz
■Modulation
Item Specification Condition & Remark
RC oscillator
Frequency 400 Hz, 1 kHz
Accuracy Within ±3 %
External modulation
input impedance
Approx. 10 kΩ
External modulation
input voltage
Approx. 1 V [peak]
■Amplitude modulation (AM)
Item Specification Condition & Remark
Guaranteed
performance range
Frequency≧0.15 MHz
Modulation degree
range
0 % to 80 %
Modulation degree
indication range
0 % to 100 %
Resolution 0.5 % (0 % to 100 %)
Accuracy ±(Set value×0.1＋1) %
(Band 1: 0.4 MHz to 1.7 MHz)
±(Set value×0.1＋2) %
(Band 1 to 3: 0.15 MHz to 140 MHz)
Represented as a modulation
degree at the 1 kHz
modulation frequency.
The maximum set value is
80 %.
Distortion factor [Band 1: 0.4 MHz to 1.7 MHz]
≦0.5 % (0 % to 30 % AM)
≦1.5 % (30 % to 60 % AM)
≦3 % (60 % to 80 % AM)
[Band 1 to 3: 0.15 MHz to 140 MHz]
≦1.5 % (0 % to 30 % AM)
≦3 % (30 % to 60 % AM)
≦5 % (60 % to 80 % AM)
Modulation frequency: 1 kHz
(RC oscillator)
Post detection bandwidth:
50 Hz to 15 kHz
Beat components are
excluded.
Incidental FM ≦150 Hz (Band 1: 0.4 MHz to 1.7 MHz)
≦300 Hz (Band 1 to 3: 0.15 MHz to 140 MHz)
At 30 % modulation with the 1
kHz modulation frequency
External modulation
frequency response
±1 dB (with reference to 1 kHz)
20 Hz to 10 kHz
The maximum allowable
modulation frequency is 2 % of
the carrier frequency for 30 %
AM.
2-2

SPECIFICATIONS■
■Frequency modulation (FM)
Item Specification Condition & Remark
Guaranteed
performance range
Frequency≧0.3 MHz
Frequency deviation
range
0.0 kHz to 100 kHz The maximum allowable FM
deviation in band 1 is 25 % of
the carrier frequency.
Resolution 0.5 kHz
Accuracy ±(Set value×0.1＋0.5) kHz
(10.7 MHz±1MHz, 76 MHz to 108 MHz)
±(Set value×0.1＋1) kHz
(Band 1 to 3: 0.3 MHz to 140 MHz)
Distortion factor ≦0.05 % (10.7 MHz±1MHz､76 MHzto108 MHz)
≦0.1 % (Band 1 to 3: 0.3 MHz to 140 MHz)
75 kHz deviation with the
modulation frequency of 1 kHz
Post detection bandwidth:
50 Hz to 15 kHz
De-emphasis: 50 µs
Separation for MPX
stereo signals
≧55 dB Frequency: 76 MHz to 108 MHz
Modulation frequency: 1 kHz
100 % modulation
(67.5 kHz deviation)
Incidental AM ≦0.5 % (10.7 MHz±1 MHz､76 MHz to 108
MHz)
At 75 kHz deviation with the
modulation frequency of 1 kHz
External modulation
frequency response
MONO mode ≦±1 dB (20 Hz to 100 kHz, reference to 1 kHz)
Other modes than
MONO mode
≦±1 dB (20 Hz to 15 kHz, reference to 1 kHz)
Pre-emphasis 25 µs / 50 µs / 75 µs / OFF Increase characteristic at the
OFF standard
■FM stereo
Item Specification Condition & Remark
Guaranteed
performance range
Frequency≧0.3 MHz
Main- / Sub-channel
signals
Modulation
mode
Modulation
signal Description
L＝R
L
R
L＝－R
Stereo modulation
with a single signal
MONO
INT / EXT
Monophonic
modulation
Modulation ratio
Range 0 % to 127 %
Resolution 1 %
2-3