
20 Touch and Probing
3.4.2 Analogue output connection
The analogue output of the P32 interface allows connection both of user devices with
differential input, and of user devices with unbalanced input.
3.4.2.1 User devices with differential input
For maximum immunity against interference it is a good idea to use a differential
connection, whose correct set-up is shown in Figure 13. In theory the optimum
situation is when in the user device the analogue earth is internally connected to its
frame earth, because this minimises common-mode interference at the ends of its
input differential amplifier.
3.4.2.2 User devices with unbalanced input
If, instead, the user device has an unbalanced input, the connection to be made is shown
in Figure 14. Again in this case care must be taken, since the analogue earths of the P32
and the user device must be connected; because, as already indicated, the analogue earth
of the P32 is internally connected to its frame, which is in turn connected to the machine
frame, it is essential to avoid connection with user devices that are incompatible with these
features, that is to say, with an analogue earth connected to a potential which is different
from that of the machine frame or which require isolation between the analogue earth and
the frame. Similarly to the above, a compatibility check is easily run by connecting a
multimeter between the analogue earth of the user device input and the machine frame: if
the light comes on, or if there are error or other fault indications, the connection is
absolutely not possible. With the unbalanced type of connection, given the lower immunity
to interference, you must also reduce as much as possible the length of the connecting
cable for the analogue signal between the P32 and the user device, and make the P32 and
user device connections to the machine frame at points which are as close as possible
(coinciding if possible). In fact, although a cable with good shielding can protect against
capacitive interference, its effectiveness is very limited against electromagnetic
interference on “earth coils” or due to “common impedance coupling”.