mikroElektronika EasyPIC5 User manual

EasyPIC5 KEY FEATURES 4
CONNECTING THE SYSTEM 5
INTRODUCTION 6
Switches 7
Jumpers 8
MCU Sockets 9
Power Supply 11
On-Board USB 2.0 Programmer 12
Oscillator 14
mikroICD (Hardware In-Circuit Debugger) 16
LEDs 17
Reset Circuit 19
Push Buttons 20
7-segment Displays 22
2x16 Character LCD 23
Graphic LCD 24
Touch Panel 25
RS-232 Communication Module 26
USB Communication Module 27
PS/2 Communication Module 28
DS1820 Digital Thermometer 29
A/D Converter Test Inputs 30
Direct Port Access Connectors 32
CONTENTS

EasyPIC5 KEY FEATURES
1. External power supply connector 8 - 16V AC/DC;
2. Power supply selector. It is possible to use external or
USB power supply. When using USB port, there is no
need for external power supply;
3. Power ON/OFF switch;
4. On-board USB programmer with mikroICD support. Its
key feature is an ability to upgrade. By downloading a
new software, it will be possible to program new MCUs
in coming years;
5. RS-232 communication module with selectable TX and
RX for all microcontrollers;
6. USB port for MCU with USB support;
7. PC keyboard connector;
8. DS1820 temperature sensor connector;
9. A/D input selector used for testing the operation of A/D
converter. It is connected to potentiometers P1 and P2;
10. 7- segment displays in multiplex mode;
11. 16-pin connector allows an easy connection of LCD;
12. LCD contrast potentiometer;
13. DIP switch SW6 turns on/off LEDs on ports A, B, C, D
and E and enables digits on 7-segment LED display.
DIP switch SW9 turns on/off touch panel controller, PS/2
and LCD and GLCD backlights;
14. EasyPIC5 supports microcontrollers in DIP8, DIP14,
DIP18, DIP20, DIP28 and DIP40 packages;
15. Jumper to determine port performance in idle state (pull-
up/pull-down). Select pull-up to enable port pins to detect
logic zero (0) and vice versa;
16. PORTA connected to a resistor network using DIP switch
SW1. If a switch is OFF, the appropriate pin does not have
a resistor attached. It enables PORTA pins to be used in
analog mode as well as digital I/O pins. The same applies
to other ports: PORTB, PORC, PORTD and PORTE;
17. 36 LEDs connected to the microcontroller I/O ports;
18. 20-pin connector allows an easy connection of graphic LCD;
19. Graphic LCD contrast potentiometer;
20. Reset circuit;
22. 36 push buttons allow control of every pin on the micro-
controller;
21. Jumper to select high/low state of an input pin when the
appropriate push button is pressed;
23. Touch panel connector; and
24. Touch panel controller.
44

CCOONNNNEECCTTIINNGGTTHHEESSYYSSTTEEMM
CONNECTING THE SYSTEM
Apart from this manual, the development system box contains development system, product CD, USB cable
and user manuals for PICflash programmer, mikroICD Debugger and Installing USB drivers. In order to use the
EasyPIC5 properly, it is necessary to go through the following steps:
Step no.1 Take the development system and product CD out of the box. Insert the product CD into
CD drive. Do not connect the development system to a PC yet.
Step no.2 Install PICflash programmer software to enable a program to be transferred from PC to the
microcontroller chip. For detailed installation instructions refer to the PICflash programmer
manual.
Step no.3 Install USB drivers on your PC to enable programmer's hardware to operate properly on
the EasyPIC5 board. For detailed installation instructions refer to the Installing USB driv-
ers manual.
Step no.4 Connect the EasyPIC5 to PC using USB cable. Please use one of the USB ports on the
back of the PC because these are directly connected to the computer motherboard. If you
turn ON the power supply switch on the EasyPIC5 board for the very first time, your PC
will immediately detect a new hardware. You will be immediately prompted whether Win-
dows should search for new drivers update or not. Select the option No, not this time and
click Next. Another window appears, click Next and the operating system will automatical-
ly find the drivers. Click Finish to complete this process and run PICflash as explained in the
PICflash programmer manual.
After these four steps, your EasyPIC5 is successfully installed and ready for use. You can read a program from
the chip or write another one into it. The product CD provides numerous simple program examples to make
your first steps Easy...
.
55

IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN
INTRODUCTION
The EasyPIC5 is a full-featured development system for almost all Microchip PIC microcontrollers.
It is designed to allow students and engineers to easily test and explore the capabilities of PIC
microcontrollers. It also allows PIC microcontrollers to be interfaced with external circuits and a
broad range of peripheral devices. The user can therefore concentrate on software development
only.
Figure 1 illustrates the EasyPIC5 development system. There are identification marks next to each
component on a silkscreen, both on the top and bottom. These marks describe connection to the
microcontroller, operation modes and provide additional useful information so that there is almost no
need for additional schematics.
66
Figure 1 EasyPIC5 development system

SSWWIITTCCHHEESS
SWITCHES
The EasyPIC5 development system features a number of peripheral devices. In order to enable
these before programming, the appropriate jumpers or switches have to be properly set. Switches
are mechanical devices used to establish or break connection between two contacts. As for this sys-
tem, switches are grouped in nine DIP switches.
DIP switches SW1 - SW5 are used to enable external pull-up/pull-down resistors on port pins. Each
pull-up/pull-down resistor is individually enabled.
DIP switch SW6 is used to enable/disable LEDs connected to the microcontroller ports. Each group
of 8 port LEDs has its own switch. Four lower switches in this group are used to enable/disable 7-
segment LED displays. Each display digit can be individually enabled.
DIP switches SW7 and SW8 select MCU pins to be used as RX or TX in serial communication.
DIP switch SW9 is used to control both LCD backlights, communication via PS/2 connector and
touch panel driver.
Figure 2 illustrates the DIP switch SW9. As seen, switches 1, 2, 3 and 4 are ON, whereas 5, 6, 7
and 8 are OFF.
77
Figure 2 DIP switch SW9

JJUUMMPPEERRSS
JUMPERS
Similarly, jumpers are used to break or establish connection between two points. Under the plastic
cover of a jumper, there is a metal contact which establishes connection when the jumper is placed
over two pins.
Jumper is commonly used as a selector between two possible connections via 3-pin connector. As
illustrated in Figure 4, the middle connector pin can be connected to the left or right pin, depending
on the jumper’s position.
88
Figure 3 Jumper as a switch
Figure 4 Jumper as a multiplexer
Jumper is not placed and
middle pin is unconnected.
Jumper is placed on the left side
connecting middle and left pin.
Jumper is placed on the right side
connecting middle and right pin.

MMCCUUSSOOCCKKEETTSS
MCU SOCKETS
The EasyPIC5 comes with a 40-pin microcontroller PIC16F887. The user can remove this microcon-
troller and fit another one in DIP40, DIP28, DIP20, DIP18, DIP14 or DIP8 package into MCU socket.
Note: There are two DIP18 sockets with different pinouts (DIP18A and DIP18B). If you use 18-pin micro-
controllers, make sure to select the right socket. For example, PIC18F1220 uses DIP18A socket,
while PIC16F628A uses DIP18B socket.
All 8-pin microcontrollers use DIP8 socket. The exception is PIC10F family which uses 10F MCU socket.
Note: Since all packages have parallel connections, it is not allowed to have more than one microcon-
troller on the board at a time.
Note: Some of the 28-pin PIC microcontrollers use the seventh pin as RA5, while some of them use this
pin as VCC. Depending on this, jumper J18 must be set in RA5 and VCC position, respectively. For
example, if you use the PIC18F2331 microcontroller, jumper J18 has to be set in VCC position.
99
Figure 5 MCU sockets

MMCCUUSSOOCCKKEETTSS
The microcontroller pins are routed to various peripherals as illustrated in Figure 6. All MCU ports
are directly connected to Direct Port Access 2x5 (10-pin) connectors. These are normally used for
connecting external peripherals to the board or as points for digital logic probe connecting.
All ports are connected to LEDs and push buttons, which allows you to easily test and monitor dig-
ital pin state.
Some of the pins are connected to on-board peripherals, such as DS1820 temperature sensor, RS-
232 communication module, 7-segment displays, LCD etc.
1100
Figure 6 System connection

PPOOWWEERRSSUUPPPPLLYY
POWER SUPPLY
The EasyPIC5 can use one out of two power supply sources - PC
power supply over USB cable (by default) or external power supply
(external AC/DC power adapter). When using power supply over USB
cable, jumper J6 should be set in the right-hand position.
When using external power supply, the EasyPIC5 board produces
+5V using LM7805 voltage regulator. The external power supply can
be AC or DC, while its voltage ranges between 8 and 16V. In this case
jumper J6 should be set in the left-hand position. Figure 9 illustrates
USB and external power supply circuit diagram.
1111
Power supply connector
Figure 7
Figure 8 Power supply select jumper
Figure 9 Power supply circuit diagram
J6 in the right-hand
position: system is
powered from PC over
USB cable.
J6 in the left-hand
position: system is
powered from external
AC/DC power adapter.

OONN--BBOOAARRDDUUSSBB22..00PPRROOGGRRAAMMMMEERR
ON-BOARD USB 2.0 PROGRAMMER
There is no need to use external equipment during pro-
gramming as the EasyPIC5 development system has its
own on-board USB 2.0 programmer. All you need to do is
to connect the system to PC using the USB cable. Then,
load your program into the microcontroller via the
PICflash programming software supplied with the
EasyPIC5 board.
Please refer to PICflash documentation for more information.
There are two different programming modes for PIC MCUs: Low-Voltage and High-Voltage. Some
of the PIC MCUs are shipped with Low-Voltage programming mode enabled by default. PICflash is
a High-Voltage programmer only and it can program MCUs regardless of whether they have Low-
Voltage programming mode enabled or disabled. In the USB programmer section there is the jumper
group J10. These jumpers are used for PGM pin selection. The PGM pin is used to enter program-
ming mode when Low-Voltage programming is enabled. As the Low-Voltage programming mode is
not supported by PICflash programmer, this jumper group J10 should remain in default position.
Note: There is no need to reset MCU after programming because it will be automatically cleared by
the programmer.
1122
Figure 10 USB 2.0 programmer
Figure 11 J10 jumpers

OONN--BBOOAARRDDUUSSBB22..00PPRROOGGRRAAMMMMEERR
When using DIP28, DIP40, DIP18A and DIP18B sockets, jumpers J8 and J9 should be set in the
upper position (default) as shown in Figure 12.
When using DIP8, DIP14 and DIP20 sockets, these jumpers should be set in the lower position as
shown in Figure 13.
Jumper J7 allows the use of the MCLR pin as a RESET or a digital I/O pin. It can be RE3, RA5 or
RA3 pin depending on MCU in use.
When J7 is in lower position, the hardware reset is enabled by pressing the reset button. The MCLR
pin cannot be used as I/O pin.
When J7 is in upper position, the MCLR pin can be used as I/O pin. Hardware reset is disabled in
this case.
1133
Figure 12
Figure 13
J8 and J9 for DIP28, DIP40,
DIP18A and DIP18B
J8 and J9 for DIP8,
DIP14 and DIP20
Figure 14 J7 jumper

OOSSCCIILLLLAATTOORR
OSCILLATOR
The EasyPIC5 enables you to use microcontrollers fitting eight different sockets. Since these are not
close to each other, there are two on-board clock oscillators. One of them, denoted by OSC1, is con-
nected to DIP28, DIP40, DIP18A and DIP18B sockets. Another one, denoted by OSC2, is connected to
DIP8, DIP14 and DIP20 sockets. There are identification marks next to each MCU socket on a
silkscreen indicating which oscillator should be used. Quartz crystal is placed in the X1 socket by default.
If you use OSC2, it is necessary to remove it from the X1 socket and place it in the X2 socket.
Note: 10F MCU socket is not connected to either oscillator. The appropriate MCUs have only an internal
oscillator and do not use quartz crystal. Refer to the Figure above.
1144
Figure 15 Oscillators

OOSSCCIILLLLAATTOORR
On some of the microcontrollers, oscillator input pins can also be used as digital input/output pins.
In order to implement this feature, the EasyPIC5 has jumpers enabling MCU to be connected to
either oscillator or digital I/O pins. Refer to the schematic of the OSC oscillator in Figure 16.
1155
Figure 16 Oscillator connection with MCU

MMiikkrrooIICCDD((IINN--CCIIRRCCUUIITTDDEEBBUUGGGGEERR))
MikroICD (IN-CIRCUIT DEBUGGER)
MikroICD is a highly effective tool for Real-Time debugging on hardware level. The mikroICD debug-
ger enables you to execute a program on PIC microcontroller and view variable values, special func-
tion registers (SFRs) and EEPROM while the program is running.
MikroICD can be used with any PIC compiler manufactured by MikroElektronika (mikroC, mikroBa-
sic or mikroPascal). You just have to select the appropriate build type (Release or ICD Debug), build
a project, program the MCU and run debugger.
The mikroICD debugger uses on-board programmer to communicate with the compiler and supports
common debugger commands:
Start Debugger [F9]
Run/ Pause Debugger [F6]
Toggle Breakpoints [F5]
Run to cursor [F4]
Step Into [F7]
Step Over [F8]
Stop Debugger [Ctrl+F2]
Note: For more information on how to use mikroICD debugger please refer to the mikroICD User’s Man-
ual. You can also find it in Help documentation inside any of the before mentioned compilers.
1166
Figure 17 On-Board USB programmer
with mikroICD

LLEEDDss
LEDs
Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are components used for displaying pin digital state. The EasyPIC5
has 36 LEDs connected to the microcontroller PORTA, PORTB, PORTC, PORTD and PORTE.
Each group of eight port LEDs can be enabled or disabled using switches of the DIP switch SW6.
The exception is PORTE which has four LEDs and shares the same switch with PORTA.
Port LEDs are enabled when the corresponding switch of the DIP switch SW6 is ON. In this case,
LEDs will display the state of the corresponding microcontroller pin. Otherwise, the LEDs are always
off, no matter what the port state is, as no current can flow through them.
1177
Figure 18 LEDs

LLEEDDss
Figure 19 illustrates the connection between LEDs and PORTB. Resistors are serially connected to
the LEDs in order to limit their current. In this case the resistor value is 1K.
1188
Figure 19 LEDs circuit diagram

RREESSEETTCCIIRRCCUUIITT
RESET CIRCUIT
Apart from 36 push buttons provided on the board, there is one red button on the far left marked as
RESET. As its name suggests it is used for MCU reset.
As seen in Figure 21, the microcontroller MCLR pin is connected to the programmer instead of
being directly connected to the RESET button.
1199
Figure 20 Reset button
Figure 21 Reset switch circuit diagram

PPUUSSHHBBUUTTTTOONNSS
PUSH BUTTONS
The EasyPIC5 has 36 push buttons which
can be used to change states of digital
inputs on the microcontroller ports. Con-
nection between buttons and PORTA,
PORTB, PORTC, PORTD and PORTE is
shown in Figure 22. Jumper J17 deter-
mines whether a button press will bring
logic zero (0) or logic one (1) to the appro-
priate pin. When the button is released,
the pin state is determined by pull-up or
pull-down port jumpers. As seen in the
Figure below, J17 is connected to +5V,
which means that the button press will
bring logic one (1) to the appropriate pin.
2200
Figure 22 Push buttons circuit diagram
Figure 23 Push buttons

PPUUSSHHBBUUTTTTOONNSS
Referring to Figure 24, jumper J2 is set to
pull-up, so that pull-up resistor pulls the
microcontroller pin RB4 to +5V.
By pressing the button, the RB4 pin is
connected to ground via J17.
Accordingly, only when the button is
pressed the microcontroller senses a
logic zero (0). Otherwise, the pin state
will always be a logic one (1).
Referring to Figure 25, switch J2 is set to
pull-down, so that pull-down resistor pulls
the microcontroller pin RB4 to 0V.
By pressing the button, the RB4 pin is
connected to +5V via J17.
Accordingly, only when the button is
pressed the microcontroller senses a
logic one (1). Otherwise, the pin state will
always be a logic zero (0).
2211
Figure 24
Figure 25
Button with pull-up resistor
Button with pull-down resistor