Morbark TORNADO 13 User manual

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76340-241
1/99
Manufactured By:
Morbark, Inc.

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WARNING
The engine exhaust from this product contains
chemicals known to the state of California to cause
cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm.
CALIFORNIA
Proposition 65 Warning
Diesel engine exhaust and some of its constituents are
known to the state of California to cause cancer, birth
defects, and other reproductive harm.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction 2
Main Components 3
Description of Chipper Components 4
Safety 5
Safety Operation 7
Safety Maintenance
Maintenance Schedule 17
General Maintenance 18
Changing Chipper Knives 19
Inspecting and Adjusting the Knife Anvil Clearance 20
Sharpening Chipper Knives 21
Torque Chart 22
Air Filter 23
Lubrication Schedule 25
Adjusting the Belt Tension 26
Transporting the Brush chipper 27
Electrical Diagram 28
Adjusting The Auto-feed 28
Trouble Shooting The Chipper 29
Parts Table of Contents 30
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Congratulations on your purchase of a new Morbark brush chipper. The brush chipper,
designed and introduced by the world's leading manufacturer of portable chippers, is produced
with the finest components and workmanship available. If you show proper care and
maintenance, your brush chipper will prove to be a safe and reliable unit.
This manual was prepared to make it easy for you to operate and maintain your new brush
chipper. In addition to guidelines for safe operation and maintenance, you will find parts listings
and detailed assembly illustrations.
The serial number of your brush chipper is located on the side of the tongue. If for any reason
you should find it necessary to correspond with us or one of our dealers, please include this
number.
We believe it is the responsibility of the customer to ensure that all personnel, especially
operators and maintenance people, view any applicable video tapes and become familiar with
this operator's manual prior to working with or around the brush chipper. Safety is everyone's
responsibility, but the owner/operator must assume the duty of making sure that these training
tools are actually used to help prevent injury.
The information, specifications and illustrations in this manual are based on the information in
effect at the time of approval for printing. We reserve the right to discontinue model lines at
any time or to change specifications of design without notice and without incurring obligations.
INTRODUCTION
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A. Frame E. Adjustable Deflector I. Axle
B. Hitch F. Fuel/Hydraulic Tank J. Hood - Hinged
C. Infeed G. Belt Shield K. Anvil
D Jack Stand H. Discharge Spout L. Instrument Panel
MAIN COMPONENTS
J
I
G
B
F
L
D
H
3
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DESCRIPTION OF CHIPPER COMPONENTS
Chipper Drum This is the component in which the knives are
mounted. The chipper drum is dynamically
balanced and should not be welded on or modified.
Chipper Bearings These support the chipper drum.
Chip Pockets Each drum is designed with chip pockets to allow for
accumulation until discharged.
Chipper Base The chipper base holds the chipper drum assembly
and its bearings. The base is a welded construction.
Knife Anvil The chipper knife cuts against the knife anvil. The
knife anvil is adjustable. See "Inspecting and
Adjusting Anvil" (pg. 20) for proper adjustment.
Chipper Knife These are attached to the chipper drum with four
bolts.
Feed Wheel Feeds the material at steady rate to the chipper
drum.
Drum Lock Pin A steel pin used to stabilize the drum when
changing knives. It is located on the side of the
chipper base.
Chipper Hood Allows the operator access to the chipper drum.
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SAFETY
PROTECT CHILDREN
Keep children and other personnel away when
operating machine.
Do not let children or untrained personnel
operate machine.
Hard Hat
Pullover Vest
Dust Mask
Goggles
Ear Protection
Face Shield
Gloves
Work Boots
WEAR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
Wear close-fitting clothing and safety equipment appro-
priate to the job.
Prolonged exposure to loud noise can cause impaired
or loss of hearing.
Wear a suitable hearing protective device such as
earmuffs or earplugs to protect against objectionable or
uncomfortable loud noises.
HANDLE FUEL SAFELY
AVOID FIRES
Handle fuel with care. It is highly flammable. Do not
refuel the machine while smoking or when near open
flames or sparks.
Always stop engine before refueling machine. Fill the
tank outdoors.
Prevent fires by keeping machine clean of accumulated
trash, grease and debris. Always clean up spilled fuel.
PREPARE FOR EMERGENCIES
Be prepared if a fire starts.
Keep a first aid kit and fire extinguisher handy.
Keep emergency numbers for doctors, ambulance ser-
vice, hospital, and fire department near your telephone.
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READ SAFETY SIGNS
CAREFULLY
Carefully read and follow all safety signs.
Danger signs identify the most serious
hazards.
Keep safety signs in good condition. Re-
place any missing or damaged safety signs.
Signs are attached to machine near spe-
cific hazard areas. If decals are required,
they can be purchased through your local
Dealer.
SAFETY
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For Owners & Operators of Morbark
Brush Chippers
This special safety manual and the accompa-
nying video tape have been prepared for all
owners and operators of Morbark hand-fed
brush and tree chippers.
SAFETY IS NO ACCIDENT.
Like all good things worth having, proper
safety training and operating procedures re-
quire effort, commitment and concentration
every minute of every day.
Accidents don't just happen. They are caused
by people who make mistakes.
We strongly encourage you to review this
information immediately with all employees
working with and around your hand-fed brush
chipper.
It is also imperative to review this information
with any new employees BEFORE they work
with the chipper.
We urge you to review these safety proce-
dures with your employees on a regular basis
throughout the year. Safety training is not a
one-shot affair. It requires your continuous
commitment.
Over the life of the chipper, it is not unusual to
have as many as 20 or 30 different operators.
Even though we are aware of very few acci-
dents, we are concerned that some operators
may not receive all the proper training.
As a manufacturer, we have done everything
imaginable to design the safest machine pos-
sible and to protect the operator from harm.
SAFETY OPERATION
Review safety procedures with employees on a regular basis.
Morbark has designed a very safe chipper, BUT IT CAN STILL
BE DANGEROUS!
IMPORTANTSAFETYINFORMATION!
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Before anyone starts up a brush chipper they
should know this: ANY MACHINE THAT CAN
PULL IN A WHOLE TREE AND CHIP IT IN
LESS THAN A MINUTE IS DANGEROUS IF
THE OPERATOR DOES NOT FOLLOW
PROPER SAFETY PROCEDURES.
Following are the step-by-step procedures re-
quired to safely operate your brush chipper.
First, every operator should wear the proper
clothing or protective gear on the job.
Clothing should be close fitting and should be
kept tucked in. Recommended working attire:
hard hat, safety goggles, ear protection, gloves
without cuffs, trousers without cuffs, hard toe
shoes with nonskid soles.
Eye protection, hard hats and ear protection
should also be worn at all times.
Gloves are recommended to protect the
operator's hands, but gauntlet style gloves
should never be worn, again due to the possi-
bility of snagging.
Working boots with good traction should be
worn to reduce the possibility of slipping.
Before operating the chipper, all operators
should read and understand all safety informa-
tion in the operator's manual and all safety
decals on the machine. These decals should
never be removed. If they are worn or frayed,
new decals should be ordered from your local
Morbark Brush Chipper Dealer.
Prior to starting the chipper each day, a pre-
startup walk-around inspection should be done.
Check to make sure all bolts, nuts and belts are
tight. Also inspect the infeed chute to make
certain there are no tools or wood debris ob-
structing the infeed.
If the chipper is hitched to a truck or van, make
certain the hitch is secure and the safety chains
are properly attached.
Always wear proper clothing and protective equipment.
SAFETY OPERATION
Make certain hitch and safety chains are properly attached.
Make sure operators read and understand all safety decals.
NEVER REMOVE DECALS!
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SAFETY OPERATION
If the chipper is not hitched to a vehicle, the
tongue should be blocked and wheel chocks
should be placed under both wheels to keep
the chipper from moving.
The safety control bar simply controls the flow
of hydraulic oil to the motor that drives the
chipper's feed wheel.
We believe our design of the safety control bar
is the best possible safety feature. Accessible
along the entire top of the infeed and down both
sides, this control bar instantly stops and re-
verses the hydraulic feed wheel, giving the
operator complete control.
The control bar has three positions. It is pulled
to turn the feed wheel forward and pushed to
reverse the feed wheel. In between forward
and reverse is the neutral position. It is vital that
operators know and understand its function.
During the course of a working day, the chipper
operator will use this control bar hundreds of
times to control the feed of wood and brush. It
becomes second nature for an experienced
operator to use the bar and it is very important
to train any new operators in its use.
Before starting the engine, the safety control
bar should be placed in the neutral position.
While chipping wood, the single most important
safety rule is this: NEVER, UNDER ANY CIR-
CUMSTANCES, PLACE YOUR HANDS OR
FEET INSIDE THE INFEED CHUTE WHILE
THE MACHINE IS RUNNING!
It should be remembered that the only reason
for the infeed chute or shroud is to protect the
operator from becoming entangled in the feed
wheel. It has absolutely no bearing on the utility
or operation of the machine.
Use wheel chocks and block the tongue when the chipper is not
hitched to a vehicle
NEVER REACH INSIDE THE INFEED WHEN THE CHIPPER
IS RUNNING!
The safety control bar is an important safety feature.
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SAFETY OPERATION
Again, the single most important chipper
safety rule is: NEVER BREAK THE PLANE
OF THE INFEED CHUTE WITH YOUR
HANDS, AND NEVER, FOR ANY REASON,
ATTEMPTTOKICK BRUSH INWITHYOUR
FEET!
To safely feed short material, place the feed
system in the neutral position. Lay the short
material on top of longer material and en-
gage the feed system.
You should never attempt to feed handfuls of
twigs, leaves and other material that has
been raked up. There is no way to get it into
the chipper without violating safety rules.
This material should be placed in the chip
van or chip pile directly. Not only is it danger-
ous to feed the material, but it can contain
rocks, metal and other material that can
damage the chipper.
NEVER BREAK THE PLANE OF THE INFEED WITH HANDS
OR FEET!
To safely feed short material, place it on top of longer material.
DON'T try to feed twigs, leaves and rakings!
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Turn engine off, remove ignition key and WAIT for drum to
come to a complete stop before attempting maintenance.
Never open chipper hood until drum comes to a complete stop.
SAFETY OPERATION
Brush and limbs should always be fed butt
end first.
At least two people should be on the job site
at all times. No one should ever operate the
chipper alone.
It is the operator's responsibility to ensure
that other workers or bystanders are kept
away from the path of discharged chips.
Be prepared in case of an accident. Always
have a first aid kit and fire extinguisher handy
at the job site.
Never attempt to unclog the chipper or per-
form any other type of maintenance when
the chipper is running.
Before performing any maintenance on the
chipper, always turn off the engine and re-
move the ignition key.
Also, keep in mind that the chipper drum will
coast for several minutes after the machine
is shut off. ALWAYS MAKE CERTAIN THE
DRUM HAS COME TO A COMPLETE STOP
BEFORE ATTEMPTING ANY MAINTE-
NANCE.
Never open the chipper hood until you are
certain the drum has come to a complete
stop. NEVER, UNDER ANY CIRCUM-
STANCES, RUN THE CHIPPER WHEN THE
HOOD IS OPEN.
Always insert the drum lock pin through the
access hole in the drum fan. This pin will hold
the drum in place while performing any knife
maintenance.
Use drum lock pin to hold drum in place.
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SAFETY OPERATION
When refueling the chipper, always be certain
there is no open flame or source of a spark in
the vicinity of the machine.
Always remove the ignition key when the ma-
chine is left unattended for any reason.
No one should ever operate the chipper when
under the influence of drugs, alcohol or pre-
scription medications which could in any way
affect the operator's performance and con-
centration.
When the chipper is hitched to a vehicle, never
attempt to feed material until the vehicle has
come to a complete stop, the parking brake is
applied and the driver has exited the vehicle.
When the chipper is hitched to an aerial lift
truck, always be aware of any power lines in
the vicinity. If the bucket should come in
contact with power lines for any reason, the
current could travel through the truck to the
chipper. Never operate or touch the chipper
until all aerial operations in the vicinity of power
lines are completed.
Whenever possible, the chipper should be set
up on level ground.
Never stand in front of the chipper discharge
chute. Never direct the flow of chips towards
anyone. Flying wood chips are very danger-
ous.
Never just turn the engine off and leave the key
in the ignition. If the key is accidentally left in
the "on" position, the engine can start while the
chipper drum is being turned by hand.
Whenever the chipper belt drive guard is re-
moved for service, replace it after you have
finished. Guards are built for your protection.
USE THEM.
Never attempt to do any type of maintenance
on the machine while the engine is running.
ALWAYS REMOVE THE IGNITION KEY.
Don't feed material when chipper is being towed.
Replace all guards.
Never stand in front of the discharge chute when the
chipper is running.
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1. Under no circumstances should any modifications be made without factory authorization. This
machine was designed to do a specific job and alterations could result in injury to the operator
or machine.
2. Never leave one person to work at the job site alone. If an accident occurred, someone
could suffer or even die before help arrived.
3. Keep bystanders away from the machine during operation. Only the operator should be at the
machine.
4. Be constantly aware of people and obstacles in your job area while operating the machine.
5. Never change or work on the chipper knives unless you wear gloves. The knives are very sharp
and can seriously cut you.
6. Always check the tail lights and turn signals before transporting machine.
7. Never haul the machine without safety chains securely attached.
8. Never smoke, weld or use any type of flame around the fuel tank.
9. Remember, do not attempt any maintenance without first removing the ignition key and installing
the drum lock pin.
SAFETY HINTS
SAFETY OPERATION
As an owner or operator of a Morbark chipper,
you know what a useful tool it is. With anti-
burning and anti-burying regulations spreading
across the country, it is absolutely necessary
that we have brush chippers to dispose of and
recycle brush and wood waste.
It is equally necessary that we operate these
machines in the safest manner possible.
We have done all we can do to manufacture the
safest chipper possible that will still do the job it
is intended for. But no matter how we build it, IT
CAN BE DANGEROUS IF IT ISN'T USED PROP-
ERLY.
It is the responsibility of the owner to ensure that
operators are properly trained and that they
practice safe operating procedures on the job.
These chippers are designed to give years of
service. Over the course of the life of the
chipper, it may have several owners and dozens
of different operators. It is vital that each new
operator be trained in safety and that even
experienced operators are given safety reviews
from time to time.
Safety is just too important to be taken lightly.
With proper information and commitment to safety
every day, your Morbark hand-fed chipper will
give you years of reliable, safe service.
With proper safety information and training, your Morbark
chipper will give you years of service.
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SAFETY OPERATION
NEW ENGINE BREAK-IN
Proper break-in will lead to trouble free operation and
increased engine life. The factory test given to a new
engine is not sufficient to establish the polished bear-
ing surfaces which are so necessary for good perfor-
mance and long life. There is no quick way to force the
establishment of good bearing surfaces. These can
only be obtained by running a new engine carefully
and under reduced loads for a short period of time.
Consult the Engine Operator's Manual located at the
rear of this handbook for operation and safety guide-
lines.
CLOTHING
Avoid wearing loose clothing, particularly cuffs
and scarves, which could catch on a branch and
pull you into the chipper. Wear appropriate safety
equipment at all times.
PRIOR TO STARTING
YOURMACHINE
If not attached to the towing vehicle block the
tongue of the machine. Never use the adjustable
jack as the sole support when operating the
machine.
Block the wheels.
Check for foreign objects in the chipper housing,
infeed area.
Check all parts. They should be in good working
condition and be fastened in place.
Make sure all shields and covers are in place and
secure.
Make sure no one is in the path of flying wood
chips.
It is your responsibility as an operator to make sure
that all bystanders are at a safe distance from the
equipment.
For a safe and productive operation, follow the procedures discussed in this section. Safety
guidelines are written in bold print. All personnel must observe these guidelines when
working with the equipment.
Gloves Without Cuffs
All machines are shipped without fuel.
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SAFETY OPERATION
INSPECTING CHIPPER KNIVES
CAUTION
BEFORE INSPECTING KNIVES
Always remove ignition key and
install drum lock wedge.
1. Remove bolts from hood and open
hood.
2. Turn drum by hand until knife is acces-
sible.
NOTE: Whenever working on the chipper
drum, always insert the drum lock pin through
the access hole in the drum fan. This pin will
hold the drum in place while performing any
knife maintenance. This does not mean the
ignition key can be left in the "on" position.
The drum lock pin is only a secondary safety
system.
3. Install drum lock pin.
4. Inspect knives. If knives need to be
replaced, refer to "Changing Chipper
Knives" section.
5. If knives are in good condition, check
3/4"-16 knife bolts for tightness.
(Refer to torque chart on pg. 22)
6. When checking knives, always check
the chipper bearings and grease them.
Also check knife holder bolts.
7. After inspecting all knives and bolts,
remove the drum lock pin.
8. Close chipper hood, and bolt down
tight.
MAKE ONE LAST VISUAL INSPECTION
1. Check tightness of all bolts.
2. Clear infeed of all debris.
3. You are now ready to begin chip-
ping.
NOTE:
Do not leave the machine unattended with
the engine running.
It is recommended that at least two people
remain at the job site during machine opera-
tions.
Always have an operable fire extinguisher
and first aid kit handy at all times.
Remove the ignition key before attempting
any maintenance.
Check all knife bolts for proper torque.
Drum Lock pin properly installed.
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SAFETY OPERATION
MACHINEWARM-UP
NOTE: Most engines include a safety shutdown
system. This system will shut down if coolant tem-
perature is too high or oil pressure is too low. If service
is required, please refer to your nearest authorized
dealer.
1. Check all engine fluids.
NOTE: On machines equipped with a permissive
start button, hold the button in, start the engine and
hold the permissive start button until oil pressure
reaches operating pressure (approx. 5 seconds).
2. Start the engine according to your Engine
Operator's Handbook which is located in the rear
of this manual.
3. Let the engine idle at 750-800 RPM for no longer
than 2-3 minutes on a "cold start" or until the
engine stabilizes.
CAUTION: Do not allow the engine to idle with
the clutch disengaged for no longer than 2-3
minutes or failure to the pilot bearing will
occour.
4. Engage clutch at 750-800 RPM by slipping (bump
ing) the clutch for a 2-3 second count. Disengage
the clutch handle, and allow the engine to regain
RPM, then fully engage the clutch handle.
CHIPPING WOOD
1. Always position the throttle at full RPM while
chipping.
2. Feed material into infeed spout. Never allow your
hands to enter the infeed spout. Feed short
material by placing it on top of longer material that
is feeding into the chipper.
NOTE: For proper break-in, it is recommended that
you begin by feeding 2" to 3" diameter material into
the chipper and gradually work up to larger diameter
material during the first 4 to 8 hours of operation.
3. Observe gauges throughout operation.
4. Throttle engine down to 600-800 RPM before
disengaging clutch.
5. After the power is shut-off, the chipper drum will
coast for several minutes. Never loosen or
remove the chipper hood or attempt any other
maintenance until the drum and power unit are
completely stopped.
Start the engine according to your
Engine Operators Manual.
Engage the clutch at 750-800 RPM.
Position the throttle at full RPM when chipping.
Never allow your hands to enter the infeed spout.
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SAFETY MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
NOTE: During the first hours of operation, check belt tightness frequently. After the first
week, check tightness of belts and bolts weekly. Please refer to torque schedule.
GENERAL DAILY WEEKLY
Check engine oil level X
Check radiator fluid level (if applicable) X
Check battery water level (fill with distilled water) X
Check hydraulic fluid X
Check clutch engagement torque X
Check tightness of engine bolts* X
Check tire pressure before moving machine
Replace engine air, fuel and oil filters refer to engine manual
CHIPPER
Check sharpness of knives X
Check tightness of chipper bearing bolts* X
Check tightness of chipper knife bolts* X
Check for proper anvil clearance every time you check chipper knives
Check for worn anvil edge X
Check for proper drive belt tension* X
Check tightness of chipper sheave bushing* X
Torque chipper drive sheave* X
* Refer to torque specs. (pg.22)
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