Netgate SG-2100 User manual

Security Gateway Manual
SG-2100
© Copyright 2022 Rubicon Communications LLC
Jul 22, 2022

OUT OF THE BOX
1 Getting Started 2
2 Initial Configuration 4
3 pfSense Plus Software Overview 9
4 Input and Output Ports 13
5 Safety and Legal 16
6 Netgate 2100 Wall Mount 24
7 Connecting to the Console Port 27
8 Reinstalling pfSense Plus Software 36
9 Optional M.2 SATA Installation 40
10 Configuring the Switch Ports 44
11 Configuring an OPT interface as an additional WAN 50
12 Configuring an OPT interface as an additional LAN 57
13 Factory Reset Procedure 64
14 Switch Overview 65
15 Additional Resources 67
16 Warranty and Support 68
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Security Gateway Manual SG-2100
This Quick Start Guide covers the first time connection procedures for the Netgate® 2100 Firewall Appliance. It will
provide the information needed to keep the appliance up and running.
Tip: Before getting started, a good practice is to download the PDF version of the Product Manual and the PDF
version of the pfSense Documentation in case Internet access is not available during setup.
© Copyright 2022 Rubicon Communications LLC 1

CHAPTER
ONE
GETTING STARTED
The basic firewall configuration begins with connecting the Netgate® appliance to the Internet. The Netgate appliance
should be unplugged at this time.
Connect one end of an Ethernet cable to the WAN port (shown in the Input and Output Ports section) of the Netgate
appliance. The other end of the same cable should be inserted into a LAN port on the ISP CPE device, such as a cable
or fiber modem. If the CPE device provided by the ISP has multiple LAN ports, any LAN port should work in most
circumstances.
Next, connect one end of a second Ethernet cable to the LAN port (shown in the Input and Output Ports section) of
the Netgate appliance. Connect the other end to the computer.
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1.1 What next?
To connect to the GUI and configure the firewall in a browser, continue on to Initial Configuration.
To connect to the console and make adjustments before connecting to the GUI, see Connecting to the Console Port.
Warning: The default IP Address on the LAN subnet on the Netgate firewall is 192.168.1.1/24. The same
subnet cannot be used on both WAN and LAN, so if the default IP address on the ISP-supplied modem is also
192.168.1.1/24,disconnect the WAN interface until the LAN interface on the firewall has been renumbered
to a different subnet (like 192.168.2.1/24) to avoid an IP Address conflict.
To change an interface IP address, choose option 2 from the Console Menu and walk through the steps to change
it, or from the GUI, go through the Setup Wizard (opens at first boot, also found at System > Setup Wizard) and
change the IP address on Step 5. Complete the Wizard and save the changes.
© Copyright 2022 Rubicon Communications LLC 3

CHAPTER
TWO
INITIAL CONFIGURATION
Plug the power cable into the power port (shown in the Input and Output Ports section) to turn on the Netgate®
Firewall. Allow 4 or 5 minutes to boot up completely.
Warning: If the CPE on WAN (e.g. DSL or Cable Modem) has a default IP Address of 192.168.1.1,
disconnect the Ethernet cable from the WAN port on the Netgate 2100 Security Gateway before proceeding.
Change the default LAN IP Address of the device during a later step in the configuration to avoid having conflicting
subnets on the WAN and LAN.
1. From the computer, log into the web interface
Open a web browser (Google Chrome in this example) and enter 192.168.1.1 in the address bar. Press
Enter.
Fig. 1: Enter the Default LAN IP Address
2. A warning message may appear. If this message or similar message is encountered, it is safe to proceed. Click
the Advanced Button and then click Proceed to 192.168.1.1 (unsafe) to continue.
3. At the Sign In page, enter the default pfSense®Plus username and password and click Next.
• Default Username: admin
• Default Password: pfsense
2.1 The Setup Wizard
The following steps will step through the Setup Wizard for the initial configuration of the firewall.
Note: Ignore the warning to reset the ‘admin’ account password. One of the steps in the Setup Wizard is to change
the default password.
1. Click Next to start the Setup Wizard.
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Fig. 2: Click Advanced and then Proceed to 192.168.1.1 (unsafe)
Fig. 3: Click Next
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Security Gateway Manual SG-2100
2. Click Next after reading the information on Netgate Global Support.
3. On the General Information page, use the following as a guide to configure the firewall.
Hostname Any desired name can be entered. For the purposes of this guide, the default hostname
pfsense is used.
Domain The default home.arpa is used for the purposes of this tutorial.
DNS Servers For purposes of this setup guide, use the Google public DNS servers (8.8.8.8 and
8.8.4.4).
Fig. 4: Type in the DNS Server information and Click Next
4. Use the following information for the Time Server Information page.
Time Server Hostname Use the default time server address.
Timezone Select the time zone for the location of the firewall. For this guide, the Timezone will be
set to America/Chicago for US Central time.
5. The WAN interface is the Public IP address the network will use to communicate with the Internet. Use the
following information for the WAN configuration page.
DHCP is the default and is the most common type of interface for home cable modems.
Default settings for the other items on this page should be acceptable for normal home users.
6. Configuring LAN IP Address & Subnet Mask. The default LAN IP address of 192.168.1.1 and subnet mask
of 24 is usually sufficient.
Tip: If the CPE on WAN (e.g. DSL or Cable Modem) has a default IP Address of 192.168.1.1, disconnect
the Ethernet cable from the WAN port on the Netgate 2100 Security Gateway before proceeding.
© Copyright 2022 Rubicon Communications LLC 6

Security Gateway Manual SG-2100
Fig. 5: Change the Timezone and Click Next
Fig. 6: Default Settings Should be Acceptable. Click Next
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Security Gateway Manual SG-2100
Change the default LAN IP Address of the device during a later step in the configuration to avoid having
conflicting subnets on the WAN and LAN.
7. Change the Admin Password. Enter the same password in both fields.
8. Click Reload to save the configuration.
9. After a few seconds, a message will indicate the Setup Wizard has completed. To proceed to the pfSense®Plus
dashboard, click Finish.
10. A final notification screen will appear with the Copyright and Trademark Notices. Read and click Accept
to continue to the dashboard.
Fig. 7: Read and Click Accept
If the Ethernet cable was unplugged at the beginning of this configuration, reconnect it to the WAN port now.
This completes the basic configuration for the Netgate appliance.
© Copyright 2022 Rubicon Communications LLC 8

CHAPTER
THREE
PFSENSE PLUS SOFTWARE OVERVIEW
This page provides an overview of the pfSense®Plus dashboard and navigation. It also provides information on how to
perform frequent tasks such as backing up the pfSense®Plus software and connecting to the Netgate firewall console.
3.1 The Dashboard
pfSense®Plus software is highly configurable, all of which can be done through the dashboard. This orientation will
help to navigate and further configure the firewall.
Fig. 1: The pfSense®Plus Dashboard
Section 1 Important system information such as the model, Serial Number, and Netgate Device ID for this Netgate
firewall.
Section 2 Identifies what version of pfSense®Plus software is installed, and if an update is available.
Section 3 Describes Netgate Service and Support.
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Security Gateway Manual SG-2100
Section 4 Shows the various menu headings. Each menu heading has drop-down options for a wide range of config-
uration choices.
3.2 Re-running the Setup Wizard
To re-run the Setup Wizard, navigate to System > Setup Wizard.
Fig. 2: Re-run the Setup Wizard
3.3 Backup and Restore
It is important to backup the firewall configuration prior to updating or making any configuration changes. From the
menu at the top of the page, browse to Diagnostics > Backup/Restore.
Click Download configuration as XML and save a copy of the firewall configuration to the computer con-
nected to the Netgate firewall.
This backup (or any backup) can be restored from the same screen by choosing the backed up file under Restore
Configuration.
Note: Auto Config Backup is a built-in service located at Services > Auto Config Backup. This service will save
up to 100 encrypted backup files automatically, any time a change to the configuration has been made. Visit the Auto
Config Backup page for more information.
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Security Gateway Manual SG-2100
Fig. 3: Backup & Restore
Fig. 4: Click Download configuration as XML
© Copyright 2022 Rubicon Communications LLC 11

Security Gateway Manual SG-2100
3.4 Connecting to the Console
There are times when accessing the console is required. Perhaps GUI console access has been locked out, or the
password has been lost or forgotten.
See also:
Connecting to the Console Port. Cable is required.
Tip: To learn more about getting the most out of a Netgate appliance, sign up for a pfSense Plus Software Training
course or browse the extensive Resource Library.
© Copyright 2022 Rubicon Communications LLC 12

CHAPTER
FOUR
INPUT AND OUTPUT PORTS
4.1 Rear Side
Fig. 1: Rear view of the Netgate 2100 Firewall Appliance
The items in this image are described by entries in Routed Ethernet,Switched Ethernet, and Other Ports.
4.1.1 Routed Ethernet
The WAN Combo-Port is shared between an RJ-45 port and an SFP port. Only one port can be used.
Interface Name Port Name
WAN mvneta0
LED Pattern Description
Left LED only green Flashes with 1Gb traffic, solid with link.
Both LEDs green Both flash with 100Mb traffic, solid with link.
Right LED only green Flashes with 10Mb traffic, solid with link.
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Security Gateway Manual SG-2100
4.1.2 Switched Ethernet
Interface Name Port Name
LAN1 mvneta1
LAN2 mvneta1
LAN3 mvneta1
LAN4 mvneta1
The four LAN Ethernet ports are switched ports. By default all of these ports as a single switch uplinked to the LAN
interface on the firewall.
Note: For more details on how the switch operates, see Switch Overview.
For instructions on how to configure the switch see Configuring the Switch Ports.
LED Pattern Description
Both LEDs green Left Flashes with 1Gb traffic, solid with link.
Left LED only green Left flashes with 100Mb traffic, solid with link.
Right LED only green Left Flashes with 10Mb traffic, solid with link.
Warning: The LAN ports do not support the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). Two or more ports connected to
another Layer 2 switch, or connected to 2 or more different interconnected switches, could create a flooding loop
between the switches. This can cause the router to stop functioning until the loop is resolved.
4.1.3 Other Ports
• Power (12 VDC with threaded locking connector)
• Recessed Reset Button (performs a reset to factory default)
• USB 2.0 Port
• Micro SIM
•Mini-USB Serial Console
• 3x SMA-sized antenna holes (covered by rubber caps)
Note: The reset button is only used to reset the system back to factory defaults. It does not respond when pushed
while the system is running. See Factory Reset Procedure.
© Copyright 2022 Rubicon Communications LLC 14

Security Gateway Manual SG-2100
USB Ports
USB ports on the device can be used for a variety of purposes.
The primary use for the USB ports is to install or reinstall the operating system on the device. Beyond that, there
are numerous USB devices which can expand the base functionality of the hardware, including some supported by
add-on packages. For example, UPS/Battery Backups, Cellular modems, GPS units, and storage devices. Though the
operating system also supports wired and wireless network devices, these are not ideal and should be avoided.
4.2 Front Side
Fig. 2: Front view of the Netgate 2100 Firewall Appliance
4.2.1 LED Patterns
Description LED Pattern
Boot in Process Circle, then square, then diamond all rapidly flash blue
Boot Completed/Ready Diamond slowly flashes blue
Upgrade Available Square slowly flashes orange
Upgrade in Progress Square slowly flashes orange
Factory Reset All rapidly flash red
© Copyright 2022 Rubicon Communications LLC 15

CHAPTER
FIVE
SAFETY AND LEGAL
5.1 Safety Notices
1. Read, follow, and keep these instructions.
2. Heed all warnings.
3. Only use attachments/accessories specified by the manufacturer.
Warning: Do not use this product in location that can be submerged by water.
Warning: Do not use this product during an electrical storm to avoid electrical shock.
5.2 Electrical Safety Information
1. Compliance is required with respect to voltage, frequency, and current requirements indicated on the manu-
facturer’s label. Connection to a different power source than those specified may result in improper operation,
damage to the equipment or pose a fire hazard if the limitations are not followed.
2. There are no operator serviceable parts inside this equipment. Service should be provided only by a qualified
service technician.
3. This equipment is provided with a detachable power cord which has an integral safety ground wire intended for
connection to a grounded safety outlet.
a) Do not substitute the power cord with one that is not the provided approved type. If a 3 prong plug is
provided, never use an adapter plug to connect to a 2-wire outlet as this will defeat the continuity of the
grounding wire.
b) The equipment requires the use of the ground wire as a part of the safety certification, modification or
misuse can provide a shock hazard that can result in serious injury or death.
c) Contact a qualified electrician or the manufacturer if there are questions about the installation prior to
connecting the equipment.
d) Protective grounding/earthing is provided by Listed AC adapter. Building installation shall provide appro-
priate short-circuit backup protection.
e) Protective bonding must be installed in accordance with local national wiring rules and regulations.
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Security Gateway Manual SG-2100
5.3 FCC Compliance
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s au-
thority to operate the equipment. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and
2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant
to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference
when the equipment is operated in a residential environment.
5.4 Industry Canada
This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-3(B). Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme
à la norme NMB-3(B) Canada.
5.5 Australia and New Zealand
This is a AMC Compliance level 2 product. This product is suitable for domestic environments.
5.6 CE Marking
CE marking on this product represents the product is in compliance with all directives that are applicable to it.
5.7 RoHS/WEEE Compliance Statement
5.7.1 English
European Directive 2002/96/EC requires that the equipment bearing this symbol on the product and/or its packaging
must not be disposed of with unsorted municipal waste. The symbol indicates that this product should be disposed
of separately from regular household waste streams. It is your responsibility to dispose of this and other electric and
electronic equipment via designated collection facilities appointed by the government or local authorities. Correct
disposal and recycling will help prevent potential negative consequences to the environment and human health. For
more detailed information about the disposal of your old equipment, please contact your local authorities, waste
disposal service, or the shop where you purchased the product.
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Security Gateway Manual SG-2100
5.7.2 Deutsch
Die Europäische Richtlinie 2002/96/EC verlangt, dass technische Ausrüstung, die direkt am Gerät und/oder an der
Verpackung mit diesem Symbol versehen ist, nicht zusammen mit unsortiertem Gemeindeabfall entsorgt werden darf.
Das Symbol weist darauf hin, dass das Produkt von regulärem Haushaltmüll getrennt entsorgt werden sollte. Es liegt in
Ihrer Verantwortung, dieses Gerät und andere elektrische und elektronische Geräte über die dafür zuständigen und von
der Regierung oder örtlichen Behörden dazu bestimmten Sammelstellen zu entsorgen. Ordnungsgemäßes Entsorgen
und Recyceln trägt dazu bei, potentielle negative Folgen für Umwelt und die menschliche Gesundheit zu vermeiden.
Wenn Sie weitere Informationen zur Entsorgung Ihrer Altgeräte benötigen, wenden Sie sich bitte an die örtlichen
Behörden oder städtischen Entsorgungsdienste oder an den Händler, bei dem Sie das Produkt erworben haben.
5.7.3 Español
La Directiva 2002/96/CE de la UE exige que los equipos que lleven este símbolo en el propio aparato y/o en su
embalaje no deben eliminarse junto con otros residuos urbanos no seleccionados. El símbolo indica que el producto
en cuestión debe separarse de los residuos domésticos convencionales con vistas a su eliminación. Es responsabilidad
suya desechar este y cualesquiera otros aparatos eléctricos y electrónicos a través de los puntos de recogida que ponen
a su disposición el gobierno y las autoridades locales. Al desechar y reciclar correctamente estos aparatos estará
contribuyendo a evitar posibles consecuencias negativas para el medio ambiente y la salud de las personas. Si desea
obtener información más detallada sobre la eliminación segura de su aparato usado, consulte a las autoridades locales,
al servicio de recogida y eliminación de residuos de su zona o pregunte en la tienda donde adquirió el producto.
5.7.4 Français
La directive européenne 2002/96/CE exige que l’équipement sur lequel est apposé ce symbole sur le produit et/ou son
emballage ne soit pas jeté avec les autres ordures ménagères. Ce symbole indique que le produit doit être éliminé dans
un circuit distinct de celui pour les déchets des ménages. Il est de votre responsabilité de jeter ce matériel ainsi que
tout autre matériel électrique ou électronique par les moyens de collecte indiqués par le gouvernement et les pouvoirs
publics des collectivités territoriales. L’élimination et le recyclage en bonne et due forme ont pour but de lutter contre
l’impact néfaste potentiel de ce type de produits sur l’environnement et la santé publique. Pour plus d’informations
sur le mode d’élimination de votre ancien équipement, veuillez prendre contact avec les pouvoirs publics locaux, le
service de traitement des déchets, ou l’endroit où vous avez acheté le produit.
5.7.5 Italiano
La direttiva europea 2002/96/EC richiede che le apparecchiature contrassegnate con questo simbolo sul prodotto e/o
sull’imballaggio non siano smaltite insieme ai rifiuti urbani non differenziati. Il simbolo indica che questo prodotto
non deve essere smaltito insieme ai normali rifiuti domestici. È responsabilità del proprietario smaltire sia questi
prodotti sia le altre apparecchiature elettriche ed elettroniche mediante le specifiche strutture di raccolta indicate dal
governo o dagli enti pubblici locali. Il corretto smaltimento ed il riciclaggio aiuteranno a prevenire conseguenze
potenzialmente negative per l’ambiente e per la salute dell’essere umano. Per ricevere informazioni più dettagliate
circa lo smaltimento delle vecchie apparecchiature in Vostro possesso, Vi invitiamo a contattare gli enti pubblici di
competenza, il servizio di smaltimento rifiuti o il negozio nel quale avete acquistato il prodotto.
© Copyright 2022 Rubicon Communications LLC 18