Netopia R7200 Product information sheet

Netopia
™
R7200 SDSL Router
Nokia Speedlink™ certified
User’s Reference Guide

Copyright
©2000, Netopia, Inc., v.0300
All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A.
This manual and any associated artwork, software, and product designs are copyrighted with
all rights reserved. Under the copyright laws such materials may not be copied, in whole or
part, without the prior written consent of Netopia, Inc. Under the law, copying includes
translation to another language or format.
Netopia, Inc.
2470 Mariner Square Loop
Alameda, CA 94501-1010
U.S.A.
Part Number
For additional copies of this electronic manual, order Netopia part number 6160021-PF-02
Printed Copies
For printed copies of this manual, order Netopia part number TER7200/Doc
(P/N 6160021-00-02)

G
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Part I: Getting Started
Chapter 1 — Introduction..........................................................1-1
Overview....................................................................... 1-1
Features and capabilities ............................................... 1-1
How to use this guide .................................................... 1-2
Chapter 2 — Setting Up Internet Services .................................2-1
Finding an Internet service provider................................. 2-1
Unique requirements............................................ 2-2
Pricing and support.............................................. 2-2
Endorsements ..................................................... 2-2
Deciding on an ISP account............................................ 2-2
Setting up a Netopia R7200 account..................... 2-2
Obtaining an IP address........................................ 2-2
Obtaining information from the ISP.................................. 2-3
Local LAN IP address information to obtain............ 2-3
Chapter 3 — Making the Physical Connections..........................3-1
Find a location............................................................... 3-1
What you need .............................................................. 3-2
Identify the connectors and attach the cables.................. 3-2
Netopia R7200 SDSL Router back panel ports ................ 3-3
Netopia R7200 SDSL Router status lights....................... 3-4
Chapter 4 — Connecting to Your Local Area Network.................4-1
Overview....................................................................... 4-1
Readying computers on your local network....................... 4-1
Connecting to an Ethernet network.................................. 4-3
10Base-T............................................................. 4-4
Welcome to the Netopia R7200 SDSL Router User’s Reference Guide . This guide is designed to be
your single source for information about your Netopia R7200 SDSL Router. It is intended to be
viewed on-line, using the powerful features of the Adobe Acrobat Reader. The information display
has been designed to present the maximum information in the minimum space on your screen. You
can keep this document open while you perform any of the procedures described and find useful
information about the procedure you are performing.
This Table of Contents page you are viewing consists of hypertext links to the chapters and
headings listed. If you are viewing this on-line, just click any link below to go to that heading.
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iv User’s Reference Guide
Adding an external modem............................................. 4-5
Connecting to a LocalTalk network ................................. 4-6
Chapter 5 — Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard5-1
Before running SmartStart ............................................. 5-2
Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard........... 5-3
SmartStart Wizard configuration screens............... 5-3
Easy option.......................................................... 5-4
Advanced option .................................................. 5-5
Sharing the Connection.................................................. 5-6
Configuring TCP/IP on Windows 95, 98, or NT
computers........................................................... 5-6
Configuring TCP/IP on Macintosh computers........ 5-10
Chapter 6 — Console-Based Management.................................6-1
Connecting through a Telnet session............................... 6-2
Configuring Telnet software................................... 6-3
Connecting a console cable to your router ....................... 6-3
Navigating through the console screens .......................... 6-4
Chapter 7 — Easy Setup...........................................................7-1
Easy Setup console screens........................................... 7-1
Accessing the Easy Setup console screens............ 7-1
Quick Easy Setup connection path .................................. 7-3
SDSL Line Configuration ....................................... 7-4
Easy Setup Profile................................................ 7-5
IP Easy Setup ...................................................... 7-6
Easy Setup Security Configuration ......................... 7-7
Part II: Advanced Configuration
Chapter 8 — WAN and System Configuration.............................8-1
WAN configuration.......................................................... 8-1
Creating a new Connection Profile................................... 8-3
The default profile.......................................................... 8-6

Contents v
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IP parameters (default profile) screen.................... 8-8
IPX parameters (default profile) screen .................. 8-9
System configuration screens ........................................ 8-9
Navigating through the system configuration screens...... 8-10
System configuration features............................. 8-11
Network protocols setup..................................... 8-12
Filter sets (firewalls)........................................... 8-12
IP address serving ............................................. 8-12
Date and time.................................................... 8-12
Console configuration......................................... 8-13
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)..... 8-14
Security............................................................. 8-14
Upgrade feature set ........................................... 8-14
Logging ............................................................. 8-14
Installing the Syslog client .................................. 8-15
Chapter 9 — Line Backup .........................................................9-1
WAN Configuration ......................................................... 9-2
Backup Configuration screen................................. 9-3
IP Setup screen............................................................. 9-4
Connection Profiles........................................................ 9-5
Using Scheduled Connections with Backup...................... 9-5
Management/Statistics.................................................. 9-7
QuickView ..................................................................... 9-9
Event Logs.................................................................... 9-9
SNMP Support .............................................................. 9-9
Chapter 10 — IP Setup and Network Address Translation ........10-1
Network Address Translation features ........................... 10-1
Using Network Address Translation ............................... 10-3
Associating port numbers with nodes .................. 10-6
Advanced IP/IPX router configuration options................. 10-7
Connection Profiles...................................................... 10-8
Network Address Translation guidelines............. 10-10

vi User’s Reference Guide
IP setup.................................................................... 10-11
IP subnets....................................................... 10-15
Static routes.................................................... 10-17
IP address serving..................................................... 10-21
IP Address Pools.............................................. 10-24
DHCP NetBIOS Options..................................... 10-26
MacIP (KIP forwarding) setup ............................ 10-28
Chapter 11 — IPX Setup.........................................................11-1
IPX features ................................................................ 11-1
IPX definitions ............................................................. 11-1
Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX)..................... 11-1
IPX address....................................................... 11-2
Socket .............................................................. 11-2
Routing Information Protocol (RIP)....................... 11-2
Service Advertising Protocol (SAP)....................... 11-2
NetBIOS............................................................ 11-3
IPX spoofing....................................................... 11-3
IPX setup screen ......................................................... 11-3
IPX routing tables ........................................................ 11-5
Chapter 12 — AppleTalk Setup................................................12-1
AppleTalk networks ...................................................... 12-1
AppleTalk protocol.............................................. 12-1
MacIP................................................................ 12-3
AURP................................................................. 12-3
Routers and seeding .......................................... 12-3
Installing AppleTalk ...................................................... 12-4
Configuring AppleTalk ................................................... 12-6
EtherTalk setup.................................................. 12-6
LocalTalk setup ................................................. 12-7
AURP setup ....................................................... 12-8

Contents vii
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Chapter 13 — Monitoring Tools...............................................13-1
Quick View status overview .......................................... 13-1
General status................................................... 13-2
Current status ................................................... 13-3
Status lights...................................................... 13-3
Statistics & Logs......................................................... 13-4
General Statistics .............................................. 13-4
Event histories ............................................................ 13-5
Routing tables............................................................. 13-7
Served IP Addresses.................................................. 13-10
System Information.................................................... 13-12
SNMP....................................................................... 13-12
The SNMP Setup screen................................... 13-13
SNMP traps..................................................... 13-14
Web-based management pages .................................. 13-16
System Information page.................................. 13-16
Event History pages ......................................... 13-17
Chapter 14 — Security ...........................................................14-1
Suggested security measures....................................... 14-1
User accounts............................................................. 14-1
Dial-in console access.................................................. 14-3
Enable SmartStart/SmartView/Web server................... 14-4
Telnet access.............................................................. 14-4
About filters and filter sets ........................................... 14-4
What’s a filter and what’s a filter set?.................. 14-4
How filter sets work............................................ 14-5
How individual filters work................................... 14-6
Design guidelines............................................. 14-11
Working with IP filters and filter sets............................ 14-12
Adding a filter set............................................. 14-13
Viewing filter sets............................................. 14-16
Modifying filter sets.......................................... 14-17

viii User’s Reference Guide
Deleting a filter set........................................... 14-17
A sample IP filter set........................................ 14-17
IPX filters .................................................................. 14-21
IPX packet filters.............................................. 14-22
IPX packet filter sets ........................................ 14-23
IPX SAP filters.................................................. 14-25
IPX SAP filter sets ............................................ 14-27
Firewall tutorial.......................................................... 14-29
General firewall terms ...................................... 14-29
Basic IP packet components............................. 14-29
Basic protocol types......................................... 14-29
Firewall design rules......................................... 14-30
Filter basics..................................................... 14-33
Example filters................................................. 14-34
Chapter 15 — Utilities and Diagnostics...................................15-1
Ping............................................................................ 15-2
Trace Route................................................................. 15-4
Telnet client................................................................. 15-5
Disconnect Telnet console session ............................... 15-6
Factory defaults........................................................... 15-6
Transferring configuration and firmware files with TFTP.... 15-7
Updating firmware.............................................. 15-7
Downloading configuration files ........................... 15-8
Uploading configuration files ............................... 15-9
Transferring configuration and firmware files with
XMODEM..................................................................... 15-9
Updating firmware............................................ 15-10
Downloading configuration files ......................... 15-11
Uploading configuration files ............................. 15-11
Restarting the system................................................ 15-12

Contents ix
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Part III: Appendixes
Appendix A — Troubleshooting..................................................A-1
Configuration problems .................................................. A-1
Console connection problems ............................... A-2
Network problems................................................ A-2
How to reset the router to factory defaults ...................... A-3
Power outages............................................................... A-3
Technical support .......................................................... A-4
How to reach us................................................... A-4
Appendix B — Understanding IP Addressing ..............................B-1
What is IP?.................................................................... B-1
About IP addressing....................................................... B-1
Subnets and subnet masks .................................. B-2
Example: Using subnets on a Class C IP internet.... B-3
Example: Working with a Class C subnet................ B-5
Distributing IP addresses ............................................... B-5
Technical note on subnet masking......................... B-6
Configuration ....................................................... B-7
Manually distributing IP addresses ........................ B-8
Using address serving.......................................... B-8
Tips and rules for distributing IP addresses............ B-9
Nested IP subnets....................................................... B-11
Broadcasts.................................................................. B-13
Packet header types........................................... B-13
Appendix C — Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior...................C-1
Network configuration..................................................... C-1
Background................................................................... C-1
Exported services................................................ C-5
Important notes................................................... C-6
Configuration................................................................. C-7
Summary...................................................................... C-8

x User’s Reference Guide
Appendix D — Binary Conversion Table......................................D-1
Appendix E — Further Reading..................................................E-1
Appendix F — Technical Specifications and Safety Information...F-1
Pinouts for Auxiliary port modem cable............................ F-1
Description.................................................................... F-2
Power requirements ............................................. F-2
Environment ........................................................ F-2
Software and protocols......................................... F-3
Agency approvals........................................................... F-4
Regulatory notices ............................................... F-4
Important safety instructions................................ F-5
Appendix G — About SDSL........................................................G-1
Glossary..................................................................................GL-1
Index ..................................................................................Index-1
Limited Warranty and Limitation of Remedies ................................1

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User’s Reference Guide

Introduction 1-1
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Overview
The Netopia R7200 SDSL Router is a full-featured, stand-alone, multiprotocol router for connecting diverse local
area networks (LANs) to the Internet and other remote networks. Once your Netopia R7200 SDSL Router is
connected to your computer, and your account is activated by your network service provider, you will have a fast
Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL) connection between your PC or LAN and the telephone company’s
network of high-speed digital facilities.
This section covers the following topics:
■
“Features and capabilities” on page 1-1
■ “How to use this guide” on page 1-2
Features and capabilities
The Netopia R7200 SDSL Router provides the following features:
■
Certified for use with the Speedlink™ access concentrator from Nokia
■
Support for IP and IPX routing for Internet and intranet connectivity
■
IP address serving (over Ethernet or a WAN link) that allows local or remote network nodes to acquire an IP
address automatically and dynamically from a designated pool of available addresses
■
Multi-speed symmetrical transmission from 192 Kbps up to 1.5 Mbps to provide scalability without
additional equipment investment
■
All digital, continuous-availability networking, eliminating dialing and providing lower, more predictable
transmission costs
■
Connectivity to Ethernet LANs via a built-in 8-port 10Base-T hub with uplink port
■ Status lights (LEDs) for easy monitoring and troubleshooting
■
Support for console-based management over Telnet or serial cable connection
■
Support for remote configuration by your reseller, your network administrator, or technicians at Netopia,
Inc., via external modem or via IP network
■ Wall-mountable, bookshelf (side-stackable), or desktop-stackable design for efficient space usage
■
SmartIP™, making it simple and economical to connect a workgroup of users to the Internet or a remote IP
network by using Network Address Translation and a single IP address
■
AppleTalk support (available as a separate add-on AppleTalk kit, including a firmware feature set
enhancement and custom HD-15 dual RJ-11 PhoneNET® connector), allowing for LocalTalk-to-Ethernet
routing, assigning IP addresses to Macintosh users (MacIP), IP functionality for LocalTalk users, and AURP

1-2 User’s Reference Guide
tunneling for connectivity between remote AppleTalk networks
■
Web-based management pages aid in managing your router. Internet browsers such as Netscape Navigator
and Microsoft’s Internet Explorer can be used for the web-based management pages.
How to use this guide
This guide is designed to be your single source for information about your Netopia R7200 SDSL Router. It is
intended to be viewed on-line, using the powerful features of the Adobe Acrobat Reader. The information display
has been deliberately designed to present the maximum information in the minimum space on your screen. You
can keep this document open while you perform any of the procedures described and find useful information
about the procedure you are performing.
If you prefer to work from hard copy rather than on-line documentation, you can also print out all of the manual,
or individual sections. The pages are formatted to print on standard 8 1/2 by 11 inch paper. We recommend
that you print on three-hole punched paper, so you can put the pages in a binder for future reference. For your
convenience, a printed copy can be purchased from Netopia. Order part number TER7200/Doc.
This guide is organized into chapters describing the Netopia R7200’s advanced features. You may want to read
each chapter’s introductory section to familiarize yourself with the various features available.
Use the guide’s table of contents and index to locate informational topics.

Setting Up Internet Services 2-1
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This chapter describes how to obtain and set up Internet services.
This section covers the following topics:
■
“Finding an Internet service provider” on page 2-1
■
“Deciding on an ISP account” on page 2-2
■
“Obtaining information from the ISP” on page 2-3
Note: Some companies act as their own ISP. For example, some organizations have branch offices that can
use the Netopia R7200 to access the Internet via the main office in a point-to-point scenario. If you install the
Netopia R7200 in this type of environment, refer to the following sections for specific information you must
receive from the network administrator to configure the Netopia R7200 properly.
Finding an Internet service provider
The Netopia R7200 SDSL Router provides its high speed symmetric (two-way) digital connection to the Internet
through a Competitive Local Exchange Carrier (CLEC) -- a type of mini phone company. The CLEC uses a
compatible type of switching equipment known as a Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM). The
DSLAM that you connect to with your Netopia Router must be capable of handling these symmetric connections.
The Netopia R7200 is certified for use with the Nokia Speedlink™ DSLAM.
If you have purchased your Netopia Router through a Netopia ISP partner, you can be sure that an account that
supports SDSL connections will be available.
If your area has more than one ISP, the following considerations will help you decide which ISP is best suited for
your requirements.
In determining which Internet service provider (ISP) to establish your account with, make sure that your ISP
supports connections via a CLEC with a compatible DSLAM, the Nokia’s Speedlink™ central office equipment.
Use an ISP that provides Internet access through a Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL) and that supports
the Netopia R7200 SDSL Router. If you would like to use an ISP that you already have a relationship with but
that is not familiar with the Netopia R7200, call us at 1-800-NETOPIA. Our representative can call your ISP and
introduce them to the product. If necessary, we will provide them with the technical background they need to
support the product.

2-2 User’s Reference Guide
Unique requirements
Make sure the ISP can meet any unique requirements you may have, such as:
■ Dynamic or static IP addressing
■
Class C IP address
■
Custom domain name
■
Multiple e-mail addresses
■
Web site hosting
Pricing and support
Compare pricing, service, and technical support service among various ISPs.
Endorsements
Consider recommendations from colleagues and reviews in publications. Netopia lists Netopia Certified ISPs on
our Web site at http://www.netopia.com .
Deciding on an ISP account
Your ISP may offer various Internet access account plans. Typically, these plans vary by usage charges and the
number of host IP addresses supplied. Evaluate your networking needs and discuss them with your ISP before
deciding on a plan for your network.
Setting up a Netopia R7200 account
Check whether your ISP has the Netopia R7200 on its list of supported products that have been tested with a
particular configuration. If the ISP does not have the Netopia R7200 on such a list, describe the Netopia R7200
in as much detail as needed, so your ISP account can be optimized. As appropriate, refer your ISP to Netopia’s
Web site www.netopia.com for more information.
Obtaining an IP address
Typically, each network computer that requires Internet access requires its own unique IP address. If some or
all network computers require simultaneous Internet access, obtain a block of IP host addresses large enough
for each computer to have its own address, plus one for the Netopia R7200.
Consider expected growth in your network when deciding on the number of addresses to obtain. Alternatively,
you can use the Network Address Translation feature of SmartIP.
SmartIP
The Netopia R7200 SDSL Router supports the SmartIP™ feature, which includes Network Address Translation.
Network Address Translation provides Internet access to the network connected to the Netopia R7200 using
only a single IP address. These routers translate between the internal or local area network (LAN) addresses
and a single external IP address, and route accordingly.

Setting Up Internet Services 2-3
For more information on Network Address Translation, see Chapter 10, “IP Setup and Network Address
Translation.”
Obtaining information from the ISP
After your account is set up, the ISP should send you the IP parameter information that will help you configure
the Netopia R7200.
Local LAN IP address information to obtain
Your ISP will need to provide you with the following information:
■
The default gateway IP address (same as remote IP address in most cases)
■
Local WAN IP address and subnet mask
■
Primary and secondary domain name server (DNS) IP addresses
■
Domain name (usually the same as the ISP’s domain name unless you have registered for your own
individual domain name)
Note: The default gateway, WAN address and mask, DNS, and domain name are all obtainable via WAN DHCP,
if your ISP supports it.
With Network Address Translation
If you are using SmartIP (NAT), you should obtain the following:
■
If you are connecting to a remote site using Network Address Translation on your router, your provider will
not define the IP address information on your local LAN. You can define this information based on an IP
configuration that may already be in place for the existing network. Alternatively, you can use the default IP
address range used by the router.
Without Network Address Translation
If you are not using Network Address Translation, you will need to obtain all of the local LAN IP address
information from your ISP.
If you are not using SmartIP (NAT), you should obtain:
■
The number of Ethernet IP host addresses available with your account and the first usable IP host address
in the address block
■
The Ethernet IP address for your Netopia R7200
■
The Ethernet IP subnet mask address for your Netopia R7200

2-4 User’s Reference Guide

Making the Physical Connections 3-1
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This section tells you how to make the physical connections to your Netopia R7200 SDSL Router. This section
covers the following topics:
■
“Find a location” on page 3-1
■ “What you need” on page 3-2
■
“Identify the connectors and attach the cables” on page 3-2
■
“Netopia R7200 SDSL Router back panel ports” on page 3-3
■
“Netopia R7200 SDSL Router status lights” on page 3-4
Find a location
When choosing a location for the Netopia Router, consider:
■
Available space and ease of installation
■
Physical layout of the building and how to best use the physical space available for connecting your Netopia
Router to the LAN
■
Available wiring and jacks
■Distance from the point of installation to the next device (length of cable or wall wiring)
■Ease of access to the front of the unit for configuration and monitoring
■Ease of access to the back of the unit for checking and changing cables
■Cable length and network size limitations when expanding networks
For small networks, install the Netopia R7200 near one of the LANs. For large networks, you can install the
Netopia R7200 in a wiring closet or a central network administration site.

3-2 User’s Reference Guide
What you need
Locate all items that you need for the installation.
Included in your router package are:
■The Netopia R7200 SDSL Router
■A power adapter and cord with a mini-DIN8 connector
■One RJ-45 Ethernet cable
■One RJ-11 Telco (or Line) cable
■A dual DE-9 and mini-DIN8 to DE-9 console cable (for a PC or a Macintosh)
■The Netopia CD containing an Internet browser, Adobe Acrobat Reader for Windows and Macintosh, ZTerm
terminal emulator software and NCSA Telnet for Macintosh, and documentation
You will need:
■A Windows 95 or 98–based PC or a Macintosh computer with Ethernet connectivity for configuring the
Netopia R7200. This may be built-in Ethernet or an add-on card, with TCP/IP installed and configured. See
“Before running SmartStart” on page 5-2.
■An SDSL wall outlet wired for a connection to a Competitive Local Exchange Carrier (CLEC) who supports
Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line connections.
Identify the connectors and attach the cables
Identify the connectors and switches on the back panel and attach the necessary Netopia Router cables.
The figure below displays the back of the Netopia R7200 SDSL Router.
Netopia R7200 with SDSL back panel
1. Connect the mini-DIN8 connector from the power adapter to the power port, and plug the other end into an
electrical outlet.
2. Connect one end of the RJ-11 cable to the Line port, and the other end to your SDSL wall outlet.
Ethernet
Normal
Auxiliary Console Power
Line
8 port Ethernet hub
Crossover switch
Line port
Auxiliary port
Console port
Power port
8
1
1
Uplink