Nidec Leroy-Somer R449 Instruction Manual

X2 X1 Z2 E+ E- 0V
110 220 380
Z1
R449
R449 revision f
AVRs
Installation and maintenance

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Installation and maintenance
R449 revision f
AVRs
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SAFETY MEASURES
Before using your machine for the rst time,
it is important to read the whole of this
installation and maintenance manual.
All necessary operations and interventions
on this machine must be performed by a
qualied technician.
Our technical support service will be pleased
to provide any additional information you
may require.
The various operations described in this
manual are accompanied by recom-
mendations or symbols to alert the user to
potential risks of accidents. It is vital that
you understand and take notice of the
following warning symbols.
Warning symbol for an operation capable
of damaging or destroying the machine
or surrounding equipment.
Warning symbol for general danger to
personnel.
Warning symbol for electrical danger to
personnel.
All servicing or repair operations
performed on the AVR should be
undertaken by personnel trained in the
commissioning, servicing and main-
tenance of electrical and mechanical
components.
When the generator is driven at a
frequency below 28 Hz for more than 30
seconds with an analogue AVR, its AC
power supply must be disconnected.
WARNING
This AVR can be incorporated in a EC-
marked machine.
This manual is to be given to the end
user.
© - We reserve the right to modify the
characteristics of this product at any time in
order to incorporate the latest technological
developments. The information contained in
this document may therefore be changed
without notice.
This document may not be reproduced in
any form without prior authorisation.
All brands and models have been registered
and patents applied for.
WARNING
This manual concerns the alternator AVR which you have just purchased.
We wish to draw your attention to the contents of this maintenance manual.

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CONTENTS
1 - INTRODUCTION TO THE R449 .........................................................................................4
1.1 - Application....................................................................................................................4
1.2 - Description...................................................................................................................4
1.3 - Electrical characteristics...............................................................................................8
1.4 - Environment............................................................................................................... 11
2 - R726: REGULATION OF POWER FACTOR (2F) AND MAINS SENSING (3F) ...............12
2.1 - Operating diagram .....................................................................................................12
2.2 - Potentiometers........................................................................................................... 13
3 - TYPICAL DIAGRAMS......................................................................................................14
3.1 - AREP 1F LV excitation ...............................................................................................14
3.2 - AREP 1F MV excitation ..............................................................................................15
3.3 - AREP 3F LV excitation ...............................................................................................16
3.4 - AREP 3F MV excitation ..............................................................................................17
3.5 - 1F LV shunt + booster excitation ................................................................................18
3.6 - 1F LV PMG excitation.................................................................................................19
4 - COMMISSIONING............................................................................................................ 20
4.1 - In case of standalone regulation.................................................................................20
4.2 - In case of 1F regulation (parallel operation between alternators) ...............................20
4.3 - In case of 2F (power factor regulation) and 3F (voltage match circuit)........................20
5 - TROUBLESHOOTING .....................................................................................................22
5.1 - Checking the windings and rotating diodes using a separate excitation .....................22
5.2 - Static checking of the regulator ..................................................................................22
5.3 - Troubleshooting table ................................................................................................23
5.4 - Replacing the regulator with a spare voltage regulator ..............................................25
6 - SPARE PARTS.................................................................................................................25
6.1 - Designation................................................................................................................25
6.2 - Technical support service ...........................................................................................25
Disposal and recycling instructions

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1 - INTRODUCTION TO THE R449
1.1 - Application
The R449 voltage regulator is of a shunt
type. It is designed to t as standard on A50
to A54 alternators. It can be supplied with
power either by a power VT, or by the AREP
eld excitation system, or by a single-phase
or 3-phase PMG. Using the R726 external
module, the regulator can control the power
factor (2F) and can match the alternator
voltage to the mains voltage (3F) prior to
synchronisation.
1.2 - Description
The electronic components mounted in a
plastic casing are sealed with opaque
elastomer. Connection is via 2 connectors
(male «Faston» lugs 6.3).
The regulator includes:
- a main terminal strip (10 terminals) ......J1
- a secondary terminal block
(5 terminals).......................................... J2
- a frequency selection terminal block
(3 terminals).......................................... J3
- a quadrature droop potentiometer....... P1
- a voltage potentiometer ...................... P2
- a stability potentiometer ..................... P3
- a maximum excitation potentiometer .. P5
- a sensing selection jumper (single/
3-phase with an external module) ...... ST1
- a response time jumper .................... ST2
- a frequency selection jumper ............ ST3
- an external voltage setting jumper .... ST4
- a LAM (load adjustment module)
jumper ............................................... ST5
From R449 Version E number 10,000, this
jumper will be removable.
- a selection jumper 13% 25% LAM... ST10
- bend at 65 Hz (U/F)......................... ST11
Two fuses (F1 and F2) are connected to this
regulator; they are mounted in the alternator
on terminal block C.
Type: gG 10/38 16A 500V.
- ATQ20 (10x38US) 500 VAC UL/CSA
Simplied diagram of a potentiometer: to
adjust the potentiometer, check the actual
position of the potentiometer stop.
5
0
10
Stop

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1.2.1 - Power supply connection
1.2.1.1 - AREP system
4 x holes Ø 5.8 x
175 x 115 mm
200 mm
140 mm
X2 X1 Z2 E+ E- 0V
110220 380
Z1
AREP SYSTEM
Field
Armature
T1 T2 T3
T4 T5 T6
Varistor
5+ 6-
T7 T8 T9
T10 T11 T12
R449
Aux. windings
10 Yellow
11 Red
9 Green
12 Black
STATOR : 6 or 12-wire (marking T1 to T12)
MAIN FIELD
ST5
with LAM without LAM
P5 Excitation
ceiling
ST11
ST2 ST1
knee-point: 65 Hz
open
Response
time
normal
fast
P3 Stability
P2
Tension
Single-phase
detection
R731 Option
3-ph. detection
External potentiometer
for adjusting the voltage
ST4 Option
T.I.
Option S1 S2
according to tension
Quad
droop
ST3
50Hz 60Hz
ST10
13 %
LAM
25 %
P1
Frequency

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1.2.1.2 - PMG system
4 x holes Ø 5.8 x
175 x 115 mm
200 mm
140 mm
X2 X1 Z2 E+ E- 0V
110220 380
Z1
T1 T2 T3
T4 T5 T6
Varistor
5+ 6-
T7 T8 T9
T10 T11 T12
R449
ST5
P5
ST11
ST2 ST1
P3
P2
Tension R731
ST4 Option
T.I.
Option S1 S2
14 15 16
PMG
PMG SYSTEM
Field
Armature
Aux. windings
STATOR : 6 or 12-wire (marking T1 to T12)
MAIN FIELD
with LAM without LAM
Excitation
ceiling
knee-point: 65 Hz
open
Response
time
normal
fast
Stability
Single-phase
detection
Option
3-ph. detection
External potentiometer
for adjusting the voltage
according to tension
Quad
droop
ST3
50Hz 60Hz
ST10
13 %
LAM
25 %
P1
Frequency

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1.2.1.3 - SHUNT system
4 x trous Ø 5.8 x
175 x 115 mm
200 mm
140 mm
X2 X1 Z2 E+ E- 0V
110220 380
Z1
T1 T2 T3
T4 T5 T6
Varistor
5+ 6-
T7 T8 T9
T10 T11 T12
R449
ST5
P5
ST11
ST2 ST1
P3
P2
Tension R731
ST4 Option
T.I.
Option S1 S2
SHUNT SYSTEM
Field
Armature
STATOR : 6 or 12-wire (marking T1 to T12)
MAIN FIELD
with LAM without LAM
Excitation
ceiling
knee-point: 65 Hz
open
Response
time
normal
fast
Stability
Single-phase
detection
Option
3-ph. detection
External potentiometer
for adjusting the voltage
according to tension
Quad
droop
ST3
50Hz 60Hz
ST10
13 %
LAM
25 %
P1
Frequency

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1.3 - Electrical characteristics
1.3.1 - Operating diagram
DETECTION SENSING
TENSION VOLTAGE
STABILITE STABILITY
STATISME VOLTAGE DROOP
PO
TENTIOMETRE TENSIO
N
EXTERIEUR
EXTERNAL V
OLTAGE
POTENTIOMETRE
BORNIER CONNECTOR J1
SOUS-VITESSE UNDERFREQUENCY
LIMITE D'EXCITATION EXCITATION LIMIT
TEMPS TIME
RESISTANCE RESISTOR
EXCITATEUR EXCITER
TRANSISTOR DE PUISSANCE POWER TRANSISTOR
LAM ST5 V/Hz
% LAM ST10
65Hz ST11
BORNIER CONNECTOR J2 BORNIER CONNECTOR J3
380V
1
DC ST1
P3
ST2 PID
AC
2 3 4 5 4
220V 110V
0V
S2
TI/CT
S1
ST4
3 Ph
60Hz50Hz
ST3
+15V
P5
P1
3 2 1
1
1
1 1
23
6
7
Z2 Z1 X2 X1
9
10
8
5

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1.3.2 - Detection
The detection is single-phase and is isolated
using an internal transformer.
Sensing VA: 5VA
J1 connector, input voltages:
- Terminals 0-110V:
voltage range from 85 to 130V
- Terminals 0-220V:
voltage range from 170 to 260V
- Terminals 0-380V:
voltage range from 340 to 520V
1.3.3 - Voltage accuracy
The voltage accuracy is +/- 0.5 %Un, steady
state, linear load.
1.3.4 - Voltage adjustment
The voltage is adjusted either using an
internal potentiometer P2, with a voltage
range of +/- 10%Un, or using an external
potentiometer (as an option).
The voltage is minimum when internal
potentiometer P2 has been rotated fully
anti-clockwise.
P2
Connecting the external potentiometer:
- External potentiometer 470Ω 3W:
voltage range +/- 5%Un
- External potentiometer 1kΩ 3W:
voltage range +/- 10%Un
Remove jumper ST4 and connect the
external potentiometer as shown in the
diagram below. If a regulator is built into the
terminal box, remove jumper ST10 from
terminal block C and connect the external
potentiometer.
J2
ST4 J2
ST4
Rhe
Internal External
Voltage setting : ST4
A.F. = Internal
1.3.5 - Power supply
The power can be supplied:
- using 2 independent auxiliary windings
integrated in the alternator stator (AREP
excitation),
- using a single or 3-phase power VT,
- using a single or 3-phase PMG.
The single or 3-phase voltage must not
exceed 240V AC.
1.3.6 - Output power
The output power is 7A 63V under normal
conditions and 15A for 10s under overload
conditions.
1.3.7 - Quadrature droop (1F)
Quadrature droop is achieved using a
parallel operation CT (In/1A, 10VA Cl1).
The voltage droop can be adjusted using
potentiometer P1. The voltage range is
5%Un for Pn PF 0.8.
The quadrature droop is at 0 when
potentiometer P1 has been rotated fully
anti-clockwise.
P1
1.3.8 - Frequency compared with
voltage (without LAM)
100 %
50 Hz 60 Hz Hz
50 Hz
48 Hz
57.5 Hz
60 Hz
Voltage
Bend
U/UN
Frequency
1.3.9 - LAM (Load Acceptance Module)
characteristics
The LAM system is integrated in the
regulator, as standard it is active (ST5 with
bridge). It can be deactivated by removing
the ST5 bridge. It can be adjusted to 13% or
25% by means of the ST10 jumper (factory
setting 15%).
- Role of the “LAM” (Load Acceptance
Module):
On application of a load, the rotation speed
of the generator set decreases. When it
passes below the preset frequency
threshold, the LAM causes the voltage to
drop by approximately 13% or 25% and

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consequently the amount of active load
applied is reduced by approximately 25% to
45%, until the speed reaches its rated value
again.
Hence the LAM can be used either to reduce
the speed variation (frequency) and its
duration for a given applied load, or to
increase the applied load possible for one
speed variation (turbo-charged engine).
To avoid voltage oscillations, the trip
threshold for the LAM function should be set
approximately 2 Hz below the lowest
frequency in steady state. It is advisable to
use the LAM at 25% for load impacts ≥ 70%
of the genset rated power.
LAM
U
N
0
48 or 57.5 Hz
0.87 U N
Voltage
U/f
50 or 60 Hz
fC fN
Voltage
ST5 disconnected
ST3
P2
Underspeed and LAM
1.3.10 - Typical effects of the LAM with a
diesel engine with or without a LAM (U/F
only)
1.3.10.1 - Voltage
UN
0
0,9
0,8
(U/f)
with
LAM Time
without LAM
1 s 2 s 3 s
Transient voltage drop
1.3.10.2 - Frequency
0.9
0.8
f N
Max speed drop
0
with
LAM
Time
without
LAM
1 s 2 s 3 s
1.3.10.3 - Power
01 s 2 s 3 s
Time
LAM
Variation in the load
Load on the shaft (kW)
Load shedding due to "LAM"
1.3.11 - Gradual voltage return function
During load impacts, the function helps the
genset to return to its rated speed faster
thanks to a gradual increase in voltage
according to the principle:
- if the speed drops between 46 and 50 Hz,
the rated voltage follows a fast gradient as
it is restored.
- if the speed drops below 46 Hz, since the
engine needs more help, the voltage
follows a slow gradient as it returns to the
reference value.
0
Time
Drop N ≤ 46 Hz
U
Drop N > 46 Hz
1.3.12 - Stability
The stability and the response time of the
alternator can be adjusted using
potentiometer P3.
Presetting P3 for different types of
alternator:
5 A50
A53
0
10
A54 A51/52
The ST2 jumper modies the stability. It is
closed as standard. Removing this jumper
can in some cases improve the response
time of the alternator (contact the factory).
1.3.13 - Limiting the excitation current
iex
- The potentiometer P5 is used to adjust the
limitation of excitation Amp. Limitation of the
excitation current is active for 10s. After this
period of time, the excitation current is
limited to 2A.