Nikon Eclipse E400 POL User manual

rizing Micr
ECLIPSE
E400
POL
Instructions

Thank you for purchasing the Nikon products.
This
instruction
manual
is
written
for the
users
of
the
Nikon
Polarizing
Microscope
ECLIPSE
E400
POL.
To
ensure
correct
usage,
read
this
manual
carefully
before
operating
the
instrument
е
It
is
prohibited
to
reproduce
or
transmit
this
manual
in
part
or
whole
without
Nikon's
expressed
permission.
*
The
contents
of
this
manual
are
subject
to
change
without
notice.
*
Some
of
the
products
described
in
this
manual
may
not
be
included
in
the
set
you
have
purchased.
* Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this manual, if you
note
any
points
that
are
unclear
or
incorrect,
contact
your
nearest
Nikon
representative.
m
Warning/Caution
Symbols
Used
in
This
Manual
us
ein
Although
Nikon
products
are
designed
to
provide
you
with
the
utmo:
lety
during
use,
incorrect
usage
or
disregard
of
the
instructions
can
cause
personal
injury
or
property
damage.
For
your
safety,
read
the
instruction
manual
carefully
and
thoroughly
before
using
the
instrument.
Do
not
discard
this
manual
but
keep
it
near
the
product
for
easy reference.
In
this
manual,
safety
instructions
are
indicated
with
the
symbols
shown
below.
Вс
sure
to
follow
the
instructions
indicated
with
these
symbols
to
ensure
correct
and
safe
operation.
Symbol Meaning
WARNING
—
Distearding
instructions
marked
with
this
symbol
may
lead
to
death
or
serious
injury.
A
CAUTION
—
Disreganding
instructions
marked
with
this
symbol
may
lead
to injury or property damage.
Meaning
of
Symbols
Used
on
the
Equipment
Symbol Meaning
Caution for heat.
A
This
marking
on
the
lamp
cover
calls
your
attention
on
the
following:
* Lam cover becomes very hot during and immediately after
the illumination.
©
Risk
of
burns.
Do
not
touch
the
lamp
cover
during
and
immediately
after
the
illumination.
• Make sure that the lamp cover is sufficiently cool before
the lamp replacement.

Z\warninc
1. Intended product use
This
microscope
should
only
be
used
for
microscopic
observation.
Do
not
use
it
for
any
other purpose.
. Do not disassemble
Disassembling
may
cause
malfunction
and/or
electrical
shock.
Do
not
disassemble
any
parts
other
than
those
mentioned
in
this
manual.
If
you
notice
any
malfunction,
notify
your
nearest Nikon representative.
Input voltage
Make sure that the input voltage indicated on
the back panel of the microscope is the same
as your regional voltage. If not the same. do
not use the microscope; instead, notify your
nearest Nikon representative immediately. If
the microscope is used with the wrong input
voltage, a short circuit or fire may result,
causing the damage of the microscope.
Power cord
To prevent electrical shock, always turn off
the power switch (flip it to the ide)
before connecting or disconnecting the power
cord, Use only the following power supply
cord set. Using the wrong power cord could
result in damage or fire.
* For 100-120V area
UL Listed, detachable cord set, 3 conductor
grounding type SVT, No. 18 AWG rated at
125V. 7A minimum.
In
case
of
using
the
extension
cord,
use
only
the
power
supply
cord
with
the
PE
(protective
earth) wire.
* For 220-240V area
3
pole
power
supply
cord
set,
which
must
be
approved
according
to
EU/EN
standards.
Class I equipment should be connected to PE (protective carth) terminal.
In
case
of
using
the
extension
cord,
use
only
the
power
supply
cord with
the
PE
(protective
earth) wire.
. Heat from the light source
The lamp and the lamp cover become
extremely hot. To avoid burns, do not touch
the lamp cover while the lamp is lit or for
thirty minutes after it has been turned off.
Furthermore, in order to avoid the risk of fire,
do not place fabric, paper or highly
flammable materials such as gasoline,
petroleum benzine, paint thinner or alcohol
near the lamp cover while it is lit or for about
thirty minutes after it has been turned off.
The back of the microscope also becomes hot
during use. Although this is not a
malfunction, be careful not to touch the back
of the microscope when it is hot.

[caution
1.
Only
use
the
specified
halogen
lamp
The
power
supply
unit
in
the
microscope
provides
the
power
for
the
halogen
lamp
that
serves
as
the
microscope
light
source.
This
unit
can
supply
power
for
a
halogen
lamp
of
up
to
6V-30W.
The
specified
lamp
must
be
used,
otherwise,
the
microscope
could
be
damaged.
Specified
lamp:
6V-30W
halogen
lamp
(PHILIPS
5761)
.
Precautions
for
replacing
the
lamp
To
prevent
burns,
allow
the
lamp
to
cool
for
at
least
thirty
minutes
after
turning
off
the
power
switch
before
replacing
it.
Furthermore,
to
prevent
electrical
shock
and
damage
to
the
microscope,
always
turn
off the
power
switch
(flip
it
to
the
“O”
side)
and
unplug
the
power
cord
before
replacing
the
lamp.
After
replacing
the
lamp,
be
sure
to
attach
the
lamp
cover
securely.
Never
light
the
lamp
without
its
cover.
. Do not wet the microscope
If
the
microscope
gets
wel,
a
short
circuit
may
result
that
could
damage
it
or
make
it
extremely
hot.
If
you
accidentally
spill
a
liquid
on
the
microscope,
immediately
turn
off
the
power
switch
(flip
it
to
the
"O"
side)
and
unplug
the
power
cord.
Then
use
a
dry
cloth
to
wipe
away
the
moisture.
If
any
liquid
gets
inside
the
microscope,
do
not
use
it;
instead,
notify
your
nearest
Nikon
representative.
Weak electromagnetic waves
This
microscope
emits
weak
electromagnetic
waves,
The
accuracy
of
any
precision
electronic
equipment
may
be
adversely
affected
if
positioned
too
close.
If
the
microscope
affects
TV
or
radio
reception,
move
the
radio
or
TV
further
away
from
the
microscope.
. Precautions for installation
Be
careful
not
to
pinch
your
hands
or
fingers
when
installing
the
microscope.
This
microscope
is
a
precision
optical
instrument,
and
using
or
storing
it
under
unsuitable
conditions
may
damage
it
or
may
have
an
adverse
effect
on
its
accurac:
е
"Installation
location"
on
p.28
and
always
use
the
microscope
in
a
suitable
environment.
Precautions
for
moving
the
microscope
Securely
hold
the
microscope
by
the
base
of
the
arm
from
the
back.
Do
not
grasp
the
focus
knobs,
eyepiece
tube,
stage,
etc.
when
carrying
the
microscope.
This
could
cause
the
part
to
come
off,
resulting
in
damage
to
the
microscope.
Be careful not to hit the lamp cover against
the other objects when lifting up or placing
the microscope.
This microscope is a precision optical
instrument, so handle it carefully and do not
subject it to a strong physical shock. (The
accuracy
of
the
objective
in
particular
may
be
adversely affected by even a weak physical
shock.)

CONTENTS
Warning/Caution Symbols Used in This Manual ...
ÆA WARNING ..
A CAUTION
il Names of Component Parts and Operational Parts ...
Microscopic Procedure...
Operation of Each Part
Ш Coarse and fine focus knobs
1. Rotation of the coarse and fine focus knobs and
vertical movement of the stage ..
2. Adjusting the torque of the с;
3. Coarse focus stopper......
Trinocular eyepiece tube
1. Optical path selection
2. Vertical tube adapter...
3. Optical path selection lever clicking
El Diopter adjustment
E Interpupillary distance adjustment
В Conden:
1. Focusing and centering .
2. Condenser aperture diaphragm
Swing-out the top lens of the condense:
Field diaphragm
E Filters
Auto-photo switch (for photomicrography) ..............
Oil-immersion operation
(using an oil-immersion type of objective)...
Orientation of polarizing plates (Polarizer and Analyzer)
Focusing and centering the Bertrand len:
P-CL 1/4) & tint plate
Centering the objectives ..
Ш Circular graduated stage for polarizing microscope
Use of optional accessories (Sold Separately).
1. P-CS Sénarmont Compensator
2. P-CQ Quartz wedge...
3. Attachable Mechanical Stage ....
Assembly ...........
Troubleshooting Tables ..
n Care and Maintenance ...
Specifications and Standards ....

Names
of
Component
Parts
and
Operational
Parts
If
the
microscope
has
not
yet
been
assembled,
see
chapter
“4.
Assembly"
first
Polarizing
intermediate tube |
Bertrand lens
centering screw
Specimen сір
Substage
Condenser focus
knob
Condenser clamp
screw
Coarse torque adjust-
ment ring (TORQUE) _
Brightness adjuster
(LAMP)
Auto-photo switch
Auto-photo voltage
selection switch
Binocular
eyepiece tube
. Eyepiece
Diopter
_ adjustment ring
Analyzer slider
P-CL 1/4) & tint plate
Revolving nosepiece
Objective centering screws
Objective
Vernier
Stage rotation
.... clamp screw
Circular
graduated stage
Stage clamp screw
... Polarizer
(Bottom of the condenser]
Orientation plate

1. Names of Component Parts and Operational Parts
Eyepiece tube
Berrandlenstumet
—
З
CE
Bertrand
lens
focus
Intermediate tube
clamp screw
Condenser top lens
swing-out knob
Condenser aperture
scale А жа
Condenser aperture.
diaphragm ring ||
Swing-out condenser |
Condenser centering
ja PEE.
Field lens
Field diaphragm ring -
Tool
holder
|
РИТЕ
(Но
а
hexagonal
screwdrver
and
two
centering
screws)
Lamp cover
Se
Power cord
(Rear)

Microscopic Procedure
The general procedure for microscopy is described below.
For del
ils on each step, refer to the
orresponding item in chapter “3. Operation of Басі
s р!
If the microscope has not yet been assembled, see chapter “4. Assembly" first
Turn on the power.
(Flip the switch to the “17 side.)
As soon as the power comes on,
the switch lights.
Set the brightness adjuster to give
B the desired brightness.
Pressing the auto-photo switch will
set the voltage for the brightness
that provides the best color
reproduction. (p.21)
Insert filters NCBI 1 into the
optical path.
NCBI1 improves color
reproduction. (p.20)
Push in the analyzer slider of the
intermediate tube to remove the
analyzer from the optical path.
Put the Bertrand lens turret in the
Bertrand lens from the optical
path
E Flip the switch to the “| " side.
Insert filters.
E Adjust the brightness.
Auto-photo switch can be pressed.
Push in the
analyzer slider.
Turn the turret to
the "O" position.
~

2. Microscopic Procedure
Move the 10x objective into the
optical path.
Rotate the revolving nosepiece
until the 10x objective clicks into
place.
Set the specimen in place with the
cover glass facing up.
Raise the condenser as high as it
will go.
Fully open the field diaphragm and
condenser aperture diaphragm.
~ B Set the 10x
objective.
Cover glass
facing up
H Set the
specimen.
El Fully open
the condenser
aperture
diaphragm.
— E Fully open the
field diaphragm.
E Raise the condenser.
”

Loosen the coarse focus stopper
ring.
Rotate it in the direction opposite
the arrow on the base as far as it
will go. (p.15)
Set the optical path to 100% of the
binocular eyepiece when using the
trinocular eyepiece tube. (p.16)
Turn the diopter adjustment ring of
the right eyepiece (containing the
crosshairs) and focus on the
« crosshairs,
Focus on the specimen. (p.14)
— Ш Loosen the coarse
focus stopper.
` EE Focus on the specimen.
*

2. Microscopic Procedure
Adjust
the
diopter
of
the
left
F
eyepiece.
(p.17)
.u
Ажалы.
Adjust the interpupillary distance.
(p.17)
———J
IB Adjust the
interpupillary
distance.
16] Center the objective. (p24)
S
Focus and center the condenser.
(p.18)
Ш Focusthe —
condenser.
Ш Center the condenser. ^
*
11

Switch to any desired objective 3
and view the specimen. / B Switch the objective.
Rotate the revolving nosepiece to
its click-stop position.
In the case of using an oil-
immersion objective, apply oil Ё
while being careful that air bubbles
do not form between the end of the dd
objective and the specimen.
Manipulate the coarse focus knob
or fine focus knob to re-focus on
the specimen.
E Readjust the focus.
~
Close the field diaphragm so that it
is
just
outside
the
field
of
view.
Ell
Adjust
the
condenser
(p.20) aperture diaphragm.
| Close the condenser aperture
diaphragm to about 70 — 80% of
| the numerical aperture of the
* objective. (p.19)
EJ Adjust the field diaphragm.
This completes the procedure for microscopy for normal observation. Refer to the following for
details regarding the microscopy procedures for "Orthoscopic Observation" and "Conoscopic
Observation".
12

2. Microscopic Procedure
The settings of each part in orthoscopic m
refer to the previous
Orthoscopic Observation
Conoscopic Observation
Orthoscopic Observation/Conoscopic Observation NENNEN
The following provides an explanation of the characteristic observation method of polarizing
microscopes along with the microscopy procedure. If normal microscopy has not yet been completed,
section and complete normal microscopy.
In this method, the specimen is observed with
the polarizer and analyzer placed in the
optical path.
Operation
Pull out the analyzer slider and move the
analyzer into the optical path.
In this case. the shape of the specimen is
visible (direction of optical axis) and the
optical properties relative to the direction of
the thickness of the specimen can be
observed.
Analyzer in the optical path
In this method. in addition to the polarizer
and analyzer, the Bertrand lens is also moved
into the optical path when observing a
specimen.
Operation
Move the analyzer into the optical path. and
place the Bertrand lens turret of the
intermediate tube in position “В” to move the
Bertrand lens into the optical path. (Refer to
p.23 for details regarding the focusing
procedure.) Place the P-CL 1/42. & tint plate
in the hollow position. Use an objective
[B]
Analyzer and Bertrand lens
in the optical path
having a large numerical aperture (high
magnification: normally 40 or higher)
Specimens can be observed from various angles with diascopic light in the form of a single
image. Differing from orthoscopic observation, however, the shape of the specimen itself is
not visible with this observation.
croscopy and conoscopic microscopy are summarized below.
‘Orthoscopic Observation Conoscopic Observation
- To investigate the vibration direction and birefringence | To distinguish between uniaxial and biaxial
observation | of observation light by observing the extinction and properties and observe the optic-axial angle
interference color due to the specimen. and optical characteristics in minerals.
Toplensor | 10x or higher IN
the
condenser
|
4x
or
lower
OUT
m
Bertrand lens ‘OUT (Turret position: O) IN (Turret position: В)
70 - 80% of the erical с
Арепше 10x or higher | о ыы ыы | Circumscribed the circumference of the
diaphragm z conoscopic field of view (or fully opened)
4x or lower Fully opened
^ = ibed if
Field 10x or higher | Cireumscribed the circumference of | Cireumscribed the circumference of the
the eyepiece field of view
diaphragm orthoscopic field of view
dx or lower Fully opened
13

Operation of Each Part
Rotation of the coarse and fine focus knobs and
vertical movement of the stage
Rotating the fine focus knob one step moves the stage
1 um.
Rotating the fine focus knob one complete turn moves
the stage 0.1 mm.
Rotating the coarse focus knob one complete turn moves
the stage 12 mm.
The coarse/fine focus stroke (range of vertical motion)
for the stage is 2 mm up and 28 mm down from the
reference (focused) position.
Never attempt either of the following actions. These
actions will damage the microscope.
* Rotating the left and right knobs in opposite
directions at the same time.
* Continuing to rotate the coarse focus knob after the
stage has reached the limit of its motion.
Adjusting the torque of the coarse focus knob
It is possible 1 adjust the torque of the coarse focus
knob.
To increase the torque, turn the torque adjustment ring
(TORQUE) located behind the coarse focus knob in the
direction of the arrow on the microscope base (i.c. the
counter-clockwise direction). To reduce the torque. turn
the ring in the direction opposite to the arrow (i.e. the
clockwise direction).
To increase
the torque
14

3. Operation of Each Part
W
3.
Coarse
focus
stopper
NENNEN
Clamp the coarse
focus stopper
Т Purpose of the coarse focus stopper
The coarse focus stopper marks the stage position at which the specimen is in focus by
ін restricting the movement of the coarse focus knob. (Movement of the stage by the fine focus
li knob is not restricted.)
Once the coarse focus stopper has been clamped in position. the coarse focus knob cannot be
used to move the stage any higher. In effect, once the coarse focus knob has been clamped in
place at the focus position, a rough focus can be attained the next time simply by turning the
coarse focus knob as far as it will go. This feature is convenient when viewing similar
specimens one after another.
" Using the coarse focus stopper
> With the specimen in focus, turn the coarse focus stopper ring as far as it will go in the dire
i of the arrow on the base of the microscope (about 3/4 revolution). The coarse focus stopper is
^ now clamped in position.
When changing the specimen, lower the stage by turning only the coarse focus knob.
ja After changing the specimen, gently raise the stage by turning only the coarse focus knob as far
ion
as it will go.
The specimen should be roughly in focus when the stage has been raised as far as it will go: use
the fine focus knob to bring the specimen into perfect focus.
If the coarse focus stopper is not being used, be sure to turn the coarse focus stopper ring in the
rrow on the microscope base as far as it will go.
direction opposite to the
15

PA Trinocular eyepiece tube
Ш 1. Optical path selection
The optical path selection lever can be used to select the way to divide the amount of light
between the binocular part and the vertical tube.
Lever
position
НШ me—r
FID "т
Шото
BAe
Į 2. Vertical tube adapter
A photomicrographic vertical tube adapter is provided as
standard equipment that allows a photomicrographic
equipment to be installed. To install the adapter, insert
it into the vertical tube and clamp three screws with the
provided screwdriver. Replace this adapter with the
optional TV vertical tube adapter when using a TV
camera,
| 3. Optical path selection lever clicking
There is a switch identified by “NO CLICK" on the
bottom surface of the eyepiece tube. Turn the switch in
the direction of the arrow with the hexagonal
screwdriver provided to disengage the clicking action of
the optical path selection lever. Disengaging the
clicking action minimizes small vibrations produced by
operating the lever.
16
Light proportion
binocular vertical
part tube
100 : 0
20 : 80
0 : 100

3. Operation of Each Part
The diopter difference between both eyes is adjusted by
adjusting the diopter. In the case of a polarizing
microscope, since an eyepiece containing crosshairs is
used for the right eye, the procedure for adjusting the
diopter differs from that of an ordinary microscope
To begin with, turn the diopter adjustment ring on the
right eyepiece to bring the crosshairs in the eyepiece into
focus 1]. Next, focus on a specimen on the stage while
viewing with the right eye, and then turn the diopter
adjustment ring on the left eyepiece [2] and bring the
specimen into focus.
Before adjusting the interpupillary distance, perform
steps Ø to Шіл chapter “2 Microscopic Procedure" so
that the specimen is in focus with the 10x objective.
Adjust the interpupillary distance so that the view field
for each eye is at the same position on the specimen.
Doing so will make observation through the binocular
eyepiece with both eyes easier.
АУ;

5 | Condenser
1. Focusing and centering
Image of field diaphragm Image of field diaphragm
Eyepiece view field Eyepiece view field
Focus and center the condenser so that the light passing through the condenser forms the image
the correct position on the specimen (i.e., at the center of the optical path).
Before focusing and centering the condenser, perform steps lll to [B] in chapter “2 Microscopic
Procedure" so that the specimen is in focus with the 10x objective.
1 Close the field diaphragm to its minimum setting.
2
Turn
the
condenser
focus
knob
о
that
the
image
of
the
field
diaphragm
is
formed
on
the
specimen.
3 Make rough adjustments with the condenser centering screws so that the image of the field
diaphragm appears at the center of the eyepiece view field.
4 Move the 40x objective into the optical path. Turn the fine focus knob to focus on the
specimen.
5
Turn
the
condenser
focus
knob
so
that
the
image
of
the
field
diaphragm
is
formed
on
the
specimen.
6 Adjust the condenser centering screws so that the image of the field diaphragm appears at
the center of the eyepiece view field. This adjustment is easier to make if you adjust the
size of the field diaphragm to be slightly smaller than the eyepiece view field.
18