Palax KS45S User manual

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
USER MANUAL
KS45S
Powered by tractor
Powered by electric motor
Serial number _________________
Year of manufacture _________________
PALAX
Lahdentie 9
FI-61400 Ylistaro, FINLAND
Tel. [phone]
Fax. [phone]
www.palax.fi

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
Contents
1. Oberview......................................................................................................................................4
1.1. Foreword ...............................................................................................................................4
1.2. EU Declaration of Conformity ...............................................................................................5
1.3. Intended use of the machine ................................................................................................6
1.4. Warning signs ........................................................................................................................6
1.5. Nameplates ...........................................................................................................................9
1.6. The main dimensions and models of the machine ...............................................................9
1.7. Safety instructions...............................................................................................................10
1.8. Noise emission and vibration ..............................................................................................11
1.9. Responsibilities of the operator..........................................................................................11
1.10. Operating conditions .......................................................................................................11
1.11. Terms of warranty ...........................................................................................................12
1.12. Operating instructions for the winch ..............................................................................12
2. Acceptance and setting up the machine for operation.............................................................13
2.1. State of delivery and acceptance control............................................................................13
2.2. Topping up hydraulic oil, Fig. 2.4 ........................................................................................15
2.3. Checking and topping up the saw-chain oil, Fig. 2.5...........................................................15
2.4. Bringing the conveyor into the work position, Figs. 2.6, 2.7, 2.8 and 2.9 ..........................16
2.5. Bringing the in-feed conveyor into the work position, Fig. 2.9...........................................17
2.6. Lifting and moving the machine, Figs. 2.10, 2.11................................................................17
3. Using the firewood processor, description of operation...........................................................18
3.1. Operating controls, Figs. 3.1 ...............................................................................................18
3.2. Setting up the machine for operation.................................................................................18
3.3. Testing the machine ............................................................................................................18
3.4. Electric drive, start and emergency stop. ...........................................................................19
3.5. Starting the electric motor using the Y/D starter, Fig. 3.2 ..................................................19
3.6. Emergency stopping of an electrically powered machine, Fig. 3.2.....................................19
3.7. Powered by tractor..............................................................................................................20
3.8. The machine is equipped with a system to prevent simultaneous operation in two modes,
Fig. 3.3 ............................................................................................................................................20
3.9. Adjusting the log length, Fig. 3.4.........................................................................................20
3.10. In-feed conveyor, Fig. 3.5 and 3.6 ...................................................................................21
3.11. How the safety features affect the operation of the machine .......................................21
4. Use of the firewood processor, crosscut operation ..................................................................22
4.1. During the operation...........................................................................................................22

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
4.2. Crosscut operation ..............................................................................................................23
4.3. Instruction for problematic situations ................................................................................23
4.4. Lubricating the chain-saw, Fig. 4.3......................................................................................24
4.5. Adjusting the oil feeding rate..............................................................................................24
5. Use of the firewood processor, splitting operation...................................................................25
5.1. Splitting speed and force.....................................................................................................25
5.2. Splitting wedges ..................................................................................................................25
5.3. Dropping plate, Fig. 5.1 .......................................................................................................26
5.4. Disturbances during the splitting operation and their remedy ..........................................26
5.5. Re-splitting the logs safely ..................................................................................................27
5.6. Operation of the splitting mechanism ................................................................................27
6. Maintenance of the machine.....................................................................................................28
6.1. Changing the angular gear oil, Fig. 6.3 ................................................................................29
6.2. Coupling for electric motor, Fig. 6.4....................................................................................30
6.3. Oil change............................................................................................................................30
6.4. Maintenance of the valve....................................................................................................30
6.5. Detent end of valve .............................................................................................................31
6.6. Lubricating the spool shifter ...............................................................................................31
6.7. Structure of the detent end and the correct order of parts. Fig. 6.8..................................32
6.8. Discharge conveyor .............................................................................................................32
6.9. Cleaning the machine..........................................................................................................33
6.10. Washing the machine ......................................................................................................33
6.11. Storing the machine.........................................................................................................33
7. Maintenance schedule...............................................................................................................34
8. Malfunctions and their remedy .................................................................................................35
9. Electric diagrams........................................................................................................................37

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
1. Oberview
1.1.Foreword
This Instruction Manual is intended for a professional operator of the machine. The operator must
have usual general knowledge and skills. For example, the buyer of a tractor-powered machine is
expected to master the use of PTO shaft transmission.
Before the installation and operation, the operator of the machine must become thoroughly
familiar with the contents of the manual. The operator is also obliged to gain familiarity with the
operating controls of the machine and the emergency stop mechanism. For more information
about our products, please visit our website at www.palax.fi.
Register at https://info.palax.fi to ensure that you at all times have the most recent information
about your machine at your disposal.
NOTE ! Keep this manual with the machine at all times.

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
1.2.EU Declaration of Conformity
Directive 2006/42/EC
Manufacturer: TP Silva Oy
www.palax.fi
Lahdentie 9
FI-61400 Ylistaro
Finland
[phone]
The person in charge of Technical Construction File: Kai Koskela, [e-mail]
Product: Palax KS 45 Firewood Processor with discharge conveyor of 4.3 m.
Powered by: Tractor PTO or electric motor
Models: TR Powered by tractor equipped with own hydraulic system
TR/SM Powered either by tractor or electric motor
Serial number: _____________________________
We hereby certify that the machine meets the requirements of the Government Decree
12.6.2008/400 on safety of machinery through which the Machine Directive 2006/42/EC has been
put into effect, and that during the manufacturing process the following harmonized standards
have been applied.
SFS-HANDBOOK93-series, SFS-EN 349-1+A1, SFS-EN 609-1+A1, SFS-EN 618, SFS-EN 620,
SFS-EN 953+A1, SFS-EN 954-1, SFS-EN 982+A1, SFS-EN 4254-1, SFS-EN 11684, SFS-EN
12100-1+A1, SFS-EN 12100-2, SFS-EN 13850, SFS-EN 13857, SFS-EN 14121-1, SFS-EN 14121-
2 SFS-EN 60204-1+A1, SFS-EN 13849.
Notified body No. 2157: Spitzenverband der landwirtschaftichen
Sozialversicherung Prüf- und Zertifizierungsstelle
Weißensteinstraße 70/72
D-34131 Kassel
TP Silva Oy
1.6.2020
Jori Lammi
Managing Director

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
1.3.Intended use of the machine
This Firewood Processor with Conveyor is intended to be used for production of firewood from
round timber. Use of the machine for any other purposes is prohibited.
Maximum size of the wood
For cutting, the maximum diameter of the tree is about 43 cm.
The maximum length of the log is 4 m.
When handling long trees, we recommend using a specific log-lifting deck with rollers or
hydraulic feed.
1.4.Warning signs
Read the instruction manual
Beware of the moving saw-bar
Wear protective clothing
Use eye guards and hearing
protectors
Wear safety shoes
Reversing the in-feed
conveyor
Feeding with the
in-feed conveyor
Interrupting the
splitting
Launch of splitting.
Adjusting the splitting
wedge height.
Permissible revolutions
range of the PTO shaft
Opening the protective net for the splitting
chute interrupts the splitting
Direction of rotation
of the motor/PTO
shaft

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
Lifting point for forklift
truck
Saw-chain oil tank
The machine may only
be operated by one
person
Keep clear of the
machine’s moving
parts
Beware of the PTO
shaft
The danger zone around the machine is 5
metres
See instructions for cutting the last billet in the
manual
Disconnect the
machine from the
power source before
servicing
Adjustment of discharge conveyor speed
Emergency stop (only in machines powered
by electricity)

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
Lifting the hydraulic log-clamp
Using the hydraulic log-deck
Dropping plate in use
Dropping plate not in use
Manual operation of the dropping plate Adjusting the saw-bar speed
Lifting point
Adjusting the chain oil flow
Reversing the in-feed conveyor – Sawing –Advancing the in-feed conveyor

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
1.5.Nameplates
Nameplate on the machine

The name and address of the manufacturer
Designation of the machine type
Serial number and year of manufacture
Total weight of the machine
The sign is located at the same end of the machine
as the in-feed conveyor.
Always mention the serial number and year of
manufacture when ordering spare parts.
Nameplates on the electric drive
3-phase motor
Voltage 230/380 V or 380/600 V, may vary depending on the country.
Output 22 kW, current 50A.
The sign is located in the connecting box of the electric motor.
1.6.The main dimensions and models of the machine
Item
Tractor-powered
Tractor/Electrically
powered
Output
-
22 kW
Fuse size
-
50A
Weight
1,390 kg
1,490 kg
Height/width/length
2510 x 1240 x 3250 mm
Crosscut deck
Length 2,500 mm
Height of crosscut deck
1020 mm
Saw-bar length
20”
Saw-chain
Gauge 1,6 mm; pitch 0,404”; 71
links
Max. diameter of the log
43 cm
Max. length of the log to be split
55 cm
The 4.3 m firewood conveyor is included in the dimensions and weight.

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
1.7.Safety instructions
General regulations and restrictions
The maximum length of log that can be cut is 4 metres. If no log-stand or log-deck is used.
The machine is exclusively intended for the production of firewood.
The machine may only be operated by one person.
The danger zone around the machine is 5 metres to the sides and away from the conveyor.
Lift and lock the in-feed deck and the discharge conveyor in the transport position for
transportation.
Never remove any safety-related devices from the machine.
Transport width of the machine is 3.2 m. The machine must not be transported on public roads
hitched to the three-point linkage of the tractor.
A transport platform for towing the machine with a tractor is available as an option.
The operator
Only persons over 18 years of age are allowed to operate this machine.
Every person operating the machine, must thoroughly study the entire user manual.
Always use eye guards and hearing protectors.
Always wear protective shoes.
Always wear work gloves.
Do not wear loosely-fitting clothing.
Before use
Always carry out the required preparations on both the machine and the conveyor before
starting the operation.
Make sure that all other people stay outside the operating range.
Only use a fault-free PTO shaft and attach the chain for the shaft-guard. The permissible
revolutions range of the PTO shaft is 450–500 r.p.m.
Only operate the machine on a sufficiently firm and level surface.
Only operate the machine in an adequately lit space.
Keep the tractor-powered machine hitched to the tractor. Also ensure that sufficient space is
provided for the PTO shaft and its guard.
Always check that all the covers are intact and properly fastened.
Always ensure that the saw-chain is in perfect condition.
Always ensure that the electric conductors are intact.
Always check that all the controls are operational.
Always check the oil level and make sure that the hydraulic hoses and components are free of
damage.
Before starting the work, make sure that the machine is firmly in position.
During operation
Carelessness during the cut-off operation constitutes a major hazard!
During the cut-off operation, make sure that the tree is always supported by the log-clamp and
the in-feed deck: danger of rolling over!
Exercise particular caution when cutting knotty or crooked logs, because, as faulty cutting might
roll the log over or twist the saw-bar with enough force to break it.
Keep the working space clean and clear of foreign objects.

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
Always stop the machine and disconnect the power supply cable or the PTO shaft before
servicing.
Only cut one log at a time.
Danger! Stay away from moving parts.
1.8.Noise emission and vibration
Equivalent continuous A-weighted sound-pressure level at the workstation is 89.5 dB (A) and the
sound power level is 100.5 dB (A).
The vibration emission values do not exceed the limit 2.5m/s2.
1.9.Responsibilities of the operator
The machine may only be used to produce firewood.
All the safety-related devices are necessary to ensure a sufficient level of safety.
The Palax KS 45 is a very safe machine provided that the instructions supplied are properly
followed, the regular maintenance routines are duly executed and the work is carried out without
haste.
It is the responsibility of the operator to ensure before the work is started that all the safety-
related devices are in perfect order and the machine has been serviced in a due manner.
The operator is responsible for ensuring that no one else is subjected to any danger.
Modifying the construction of the machine is prohibited.
The machine must never be operated under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
Remember that as the operator you are responsible for any injuries caused if safety-related
devices have been removed from the machine.
1.10.Operating conditions
Always place the machine on as level a surface as possible.
Prevent risks, such as slipping in winter, by organising the work site in a due manner.
When starting the machine in severe frost, allow it to idle at about 1/4 of the maximum speed for
about 5 to 10 minutes in order to warm up the oil and make it less viscous.
Only operate the machine in an adequately lit space.
It is recommended that a suitable stand be purchased or made that enables the trees to be
processed where the logs are ready at the level of the in-feed deck. Hence, unnecessary lifting
may be avoided and the work can proceed much faster. We recommend using the Palax Mega
log-deck, the Palax Midi log-deck or the Palax Log log-stand.
The most suitable temperature range for operation is approximately - 20 to +30 degrees
Centigrade. Otherwise, the weather conditions do not set any restrictions on the operation.
Make sure that no other people, especially children, are present inside the operating range.
Never use the machine indoors, owing to the risk of dust generation or the danger of exhaust
gases.

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
1.11.Terms of warranty
The warranty period runs for 12 months from the date of purchase.
The parts that affect the safety or the adjustment of the machine are sealed. The
seal must not be broken without the consent of the manufacturer or the dealer.
Breaking the seal voids the warranty, and transfers the liability from the machine's
manufacturer to the person, who broke the seal.
The warranty covers
Parts which have been damaged during normal operation of the machine due to any defects in
material or workmanship.
The reasonable repair cost as set forth in the agreement between the buyer and the
manufacturer.
A new part delivered as a replacement for the defective one.
The warranty does not cover
Defects due to normal wear, faulty operation or negligent maintenance.
The saw-bar, the drive wheel, the saw-chain and the in-feed conveyor belt are wear parts that are
not covered by the warranty.
Defects in the machine due to any modifications which the buyer has made or ordered from a
third party and which have affected the machine in such a way that it can no longer be
considered to correspond to its original configuration.
Other possible expenses or financial claims due to the above-mentioned measures.
Indirect expenses and/or travel costs incurred while making repairs under warranty.
For parts changed during the warranty period, the warranty expires at the same time as the
warranty period of the machine.
1.12.Operating instructions for the winch
Please refer to the user manual of the winch or visit our website at www.palax.fifor more detailed
operating instructions for the winch.

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
2. Acceptance and setting up the machine for operation
2.1.State of delivery and acceptance control
The machine is delivered almost ready-assembled, adjusted and test driven.
Check the delivered goods without delay.
If the product shows transport damage, contact the transport company and your dealer
immediately.
Main parts of the machine, Figs. 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3
1In-feed conveyor extension
2In-feed conveyor
3Cover for splitting area
4Control panel
5Saw-bar cover
6Controls for the starting, stopping and emergency stopping of a machine powered by
electricity
7Cover for splitting area
8Winch
9Discharge conveyor

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
10 Hydraulic oil tank
11 Log-clamp
12 Crosscut saw-blade
13 Wood length limiter
14 splitting wedge
15 Table extension leg
16 Three-point linkage
17 Exit opening for sawdust
17 Electric socket
18 PTO shaft
19 Additional hydraulic circuit, for example, for a log-deck
20 Lifting point

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
2.2.Topping up hydraulic oil, Fig. 2.4

The hydraulic oil volume is 135 litres.
Filling cap 2 for the hydraulic oil.
The oil should be Univis 32, Shell Tellus 32, NESTE
HYDRAULI 32 or of equivalent quality.
Only use fresh, clean oil, because smooth operation of
the machine is highly dependent on the purity of the oil.
Regularly check the oil level in the level glass. 1
2.3.Checking and topping up the saw-chain oil, Fig. 2.5
Regularly check the level of the saw-chain oil in the
level hose 1.
Top up oil as necessary. The oil level must reach to
at least the lower edge of the gauge at all times.
The volume of the tank is about 1.5 litres.

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
2.4.Bringing the conveyor into the work position, Figs. 2.6, 2.7, 2.8 and 2.9
Pull down the conveyor and leave it supported by the
winch ropes and the tip wheel. Remove the conveyor
chain holder from under the conveyor.
Lock the conveyor in the work position by means of
the cotters. Fig. 2.7
Bringing the conveyor into the transport position
Bringing the conveyor into the transport position is
done in the same manner as bringing it into the work
position, but in reverse order.
NOTE! Only lift the conveyor when it has been swung
to the centre position! When it is lifted up, the conveyor
must always be in the centre position. If the conveyor is in
a swung position while lifted up, it may hit the surrounding structures and get damaged.
While the conveyor is in the transport position,
the locking cotters can be kept behind the locking
pin. Fig. 2.8, 1.
In the transport position, the conveyor must be
locked into place using the chain. Hook the chain in
the slot in the winch stand. Fig. 2.9

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
2.5.Bringing the in-feed conveyor into the work position, Fig. 2.9
Pull in the handle A for the locking device,
and swing the extension table B into the
work position. Place the support leg C in
the slot D, when you swing the table into
the work position.
2.6.Lifting and moving the machine, Figs. 2.10, 2.11
Lifting the machine is allowed:
With a forklift truck, by the lifting points A
in the front and rear under the machine's
frame.
When moving the machine by tractor,
ensure that the transfer/lifting capacity of
the tractor is sufficient with respect to the
machine’s weight.

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
3. Using the firewood processor, description of operation
3.1.Operating controls, Figs. 3.1
1. Filling cap for hydraulic oil
2. On/off operation of dropping plate
3. Filling cap for chain oil tank
4. Manual operation of pusher
5. Manual operation of the dropping plate
6. Height adjustment of splitting wedge
7. Control of hydraulic log-clamp
8. Adjustment of discharge conveyor speed
9. Control of additional equipment
10. Joystick
11. Adjustment of sawing pressure
12. Starting, stopping and emergency stopping of an electrically powered machine.
3.2.Setting up the machine for operation
Place the firewood processor by the log-deck or the pile of logs to be split so, that access to-
from and working with the machine is completely unobstructed. A suitable distance from the
log-deck to the in-feed conveyor is about 1/4–1/3 of the length of the trunks.
Set up the discharge and in-feed conveyors in accordance with the guidelines presented above.
Before starting up, check the condition of the operating controls and the safety devices.
Before starting up, always check the levels of the hydraulic oil and the chain oil.
3.3.Testing the machine
When starting the machine in severe frost, allow it first to idle at low speed for about 5
minutes; this warms up the oil.
While the motor is running, check that the hydraulic system and the controls for shutting off
are operational.
Test that the safety limit switches are operating when the cover is opened. Once the cover is
open, the hydraulic valves cannot be operated with the exception of the firewood conveyor.
Check the oil supply to the saw-chain. You may have to adjust the oil flow to the saw-chain, for
example, if the oil is too cold or too warm.
If you observe even a minor malfunction in the operation of the machine, find out the cause
and repair it!
The machine must always be tested before starting its use.
NOTE! Stop the machine and disengage the power take-off of the tractor or disconnect the
power cord from the socket to locate and repair a possible fault in the machine!

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
3.4.Electric drive, start and emergency stop.
The power output of the motor is 22 kW and the speed is 1500 rpm.
The machine is equipped with an automatic Y-D starter with an emergency stop feature.
All the electric installations have been made ready.
The cross-section of the extension cord required for a tension of 400 V must be 10 mm2.
When starting up the machine, check that the direction of rotation corresponds to the arrow
on the blade cover.
To check the direction of rotation, run the motor for a short while and then stop it suddenly.
The machine may only be connected to a power supply equipped with a fault current switch of
30 mA.
The machine must be equipped with a 5-pole extension cord (L1, L2, L3, N ja PE) to operate.
NOTE ! Electric work may only be carried out by a professional person.
3.5.Starting the electric motor using the Y/D starter, Fig. 3.2
Press the start button A. In the Y-position the motor starts rotating at slow speed with low
output. The start phase takes several tens of seconds.
As the engine speed increases, the D-position is automatically switched on and the motor
quickly reaches full speed.
At the same time, the signal light B between the pushbottons illuminates.
Stop the engine using the pushbutton C.
The switch E is for the heater carpet of the hydraulic oil tank (optional).
NOTE ! The machine must not be
operated until the motor is running at full
speed.
3.6.Emergency stopping of an
electrically powered machine,
Fig. 3.2
Push down the emergency stop button D.
Turn the pushbutton clockwise to release it.
The emergency stop button can be locked by
a key. The locking prevents the use of the
machine

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Palax KS45s Translation 1-2017
3.7.Powered by tractor
The tractor-powered machine must always be hitched to the tractor’s lifting arms. This ensures
that the distance between the firewood processor and the tractor stays correct. If it changes
during operation, severe damage might result.
Usually, the machine is delivered with the attachment lug removed. The log shall be attached
by the customer.
A suitable power take-off shaft is, for example, BONDIOLI A 143 or WALTERSCHEID W 2300.
No safety clutch is required for the PTO shaft.
Only use fault-free PTO shafts and always attach the chains for the shaft-guard to the machine
(Fig. 3.3, B).
Start the tractor and switch on its PTO at low revolutions, after that increase the revolutions to
450-500 r.p.m.
The machine comes with towing pins of 28 mm.
3.8.The machine is equipped with a system to
prevent simultaneous operation in two
modes, Fig. 3.3
When the cover plate A is turned down, it is possible to
connect the extension cord. When the cover is raised up, it
is possible to connect the PTO shaft.
Attachment point B for the guard of the PTO shaft
WARNING! Never remove from the machine the plate that
prevents the simultaneous operation in two modes.
Always remove the PTO shaft before operating the machine
by electricity.
3.9.Adjusting the log length, Fig. 3.4

The length of the log is adjusted by shifting
the log length limiter.
Remove the bolt A, and shift the log length
limiter to the desired position on the scale
B.