Precision matthews PM-1440-2SM User manual

1PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
Heavy duty VFD gap-bed machines with 3HP motor
Large bore spindle: 2 inch clearance
D1-5 camlock spindle mount
Adjustable runout 3-jaw chuck with reversible jaws
2SM Choice of 16 spindle speeds, 60 to 1800 rpm
2SM-V Smoothly variable spindle speed from 30 to 400 & 135 to 2000 rpm
Inch threads from 4 to 112 TPI, metric threads from 0.1 mm to 7 mm pitch
40 in. between centers, 14 in. swing over bed, 19-1/2 in. over gap
Weight, including cast iron stand 1600 lb net
PM-1440-2SM-V Includes 8-inch 3-jaw chuck (reversible jaws,
adjustable runout), foot brake, coolant system & work light. Op-
tional 2-axis DRO shown here. Inset: PM-1440-2SM front panel.
PM-1440-2SM Lathe PM-1440-2SM-V Lathe
and
NOTE: Aside from the drive systems, the two lathes described in this manual
are identical, and are referred to generically in most cases as PM-1440-2SM

2PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
PM-1440-2SM-V
FAQ
Power light OFF?
E-Stop button in? (rotate to pop it out)
No tachometer display?
No fans running?
Check circuit breakers QF1, QF2, QF3
AC power connected,
but nothing runs
#1
This manual contains essential safety advice on the proper setup, operation, maintenance, and service of the PM-1440-2SM
and PM-1440-2SM-V lathes. Failure to read, understand and follow the manual may result in property damage or serious
personal injury.
There are many alternative ways to install and use a lathe. As the owner of the lathe you are solely responsible for its proper
installation and safe use. Consider the material contained in this manual to be advisory only. Quality Machine Tools, LLC
cannot be held liable for injury or property damage during installation or use, or from negligence, improper training, machine
modications, or misuse.
This manual describes machines as shipped from December 2022. There may be detail di󰀨erences between your specic
machine and the information given here (with little or no impact on functionality). Please email us if you have questions about
any aspect of the manual or your machine ([email protected]). Your feedback is welcomed!
#1 and #2 checked
OK, but the spindle
motor still doesn’t run
By design it should NOT run if
the Motor Control lever is UP or
DOWN when power is connected.
Electrical schematic, Section 5:
Move the Motor Control switch to
neutral = OFF (mid travel as shown
here) to energize the enabling
contactor KA, thus restoring normal
conditions.
Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
This material was originated by Precision Matthews. No portion of
the manual may be reproduced or distributed in any form without
the written approval of Quality Machine Tools, LLC.
The 3 gearboxes in this machine (Headstock,
Saddle Feed and Apron) may have been
shipped empty. They must be lled before
use, see Section 4.
AC power connected,
but nothing runs
#2
FOOTBRAKE working, not stuck down?
The footbrake, when released, should
open the microswitch inside the left-hand
stand cabinet.
CHUCK COVER This operates a safety
interlock switch on the right side of the
headstock. The cover must be down for the
spindle to run (see Page 1 photo).
GEAR/BELT COVER The gear/belt cover
over the main drive belt and change gears
on the left side of the headstock operates
a safety interlock switch on the headstock
casting. Be sure the cover is in place,
thumb nuts fully tightened.
Power switch ON?
Do not shift
gear levers
when the
spindle is
running
LOW HIGH
SPEED

3PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
PM-1440-2SM
FAQ
By design it should NOT run if the Motor
Control lever is UP or DOWN when
power is connected.
Electrical schematic, Section 5: Move
the Motor Control switch to neutral, mid
travel, to energize the power-switching
contactor KA, thus restoring normal
conditions.
AC power connected,
but nothing runs
#1
Power switch ON?
POWER
light OFF?
E-STOP button in, right arrow?
(rotate to pop it out)
Circuit breaker(s) in the electrical
compartment tripped?
The 3 gearboxes in this machine (Headstock,
Saddle Feed and Apron) may have been
shipped empty. They must be lled before
use, see Section 4.
FOOTBRAKE working, not stuck down?
The footbrake, when released, should
open the microswitch inside the left-hand
stand cabinet.
CHUCK COVER This operates a safety
interlock switch on the right side of the
headstock. The cover must be down for the
spindle to run (see Page 1 photo).
GEAR/BELT COVER The gear/belt cover
over the main drive belt and change gears
on the left side of the headstock operates
a safety interlock switch on the headstock
casting. Be sure the cover is in place,
thumb nuts fully tightened.
#1 and #2 checked
OK, but the spindle
motor still doesn’t run
AC power connected,
but nothing runs
#2
Do not shift
gear levers
when the
spindle is
running

4PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
Section 1 INSTALLATION
THESE ARE THE MAIN POINTS TO WATCH OUT FOR!
But read the following pages for more information
• Handling the lathe is at least a two-person job.
• Lifting gear – sling, hoist or forklift – must be rated for at least 1-1/2 tons.
• Working location of the lathe must allow space for access to the coolant system (back of
right hand cabinet), and the electrical box at the back of the headstock.
• Power requirement is 220V, 60Hz, single phase.
• Extension cord not recommended; if no alternative, use 12 AWG not longer than 20 ft.
• Before connecting power be sure that:
1. The machine is on a rm footing.
2. Chuck camlocks tight, wrench removed from chuck.
3. Saddle and cross slide approx. mid-travel, power feed disengaged (Figure 1-8).
4. The speed control knob is set for a low spindle speed (counter clockwise), with the
headstock gear shift lever set to L(Low).
SETTING UP THE LATHE
The PM-1440-2SM lathe is shipped fully assembled in a single
packing case. The machine can be lifted in one piece by an
overhead hoist or forklift with slings and/or chains, all items
rated for a total weight of at least 1-1/2 tons. A suggested
setup for lifting is shown in Figure 1-1.
When selecting a location for the lathe, allow su󰀩cient room at
both left and right to allow removal/servicing of the leadscrew,
feed shaft and motor control shaft.
Be sure to keep all lifting gear clear of any part of the
lathe, especially the 3 shafts at the front. Use at least 2-by
-4 spreaders.
Figure 1-1 Lifting with slings
Spreader under the bed
keeps slings/chains clear
of feed shafts, etc.
Before lifting, remove the chuck, if installed, then move the
tailstock and saddle as far to the right as possible to help bal-
ance the machine at the point(s) of suspension, Figure 1-1.
Check oil levels in all gearboxes before use
With the lathe in its permanent location, level it using metal
shims under the cabinets, or (preferred), install six 500 lb-rated
leveling mounts in the mounting holes of the two stand cabi-
nets, 4 for the left hand cabinet, 2 for the right. The special
mounts shown in Figure 1-2, available from Precision Mat-
thews, allow leveling adjustment from above. To install this
type of mount, remove the threaded stem from the inverted
cup stamping (yellow), then place the cup under the stand with
holes aligned, with washer between stand and locknut. Once
the stem has bottomed in the mount, further rotation of the
stem (using a wrench) expands the inner core of the mount,
thus raising its upper surface. Secure with the locknut.
Figure 1-2 Top-adjusting leveling mount (optional)
COOLANT TANK
Inspect the coolant tank and pump assembly in the RH cabi-
net, Figure 1-3. The tank may have become dislodged in ship-
ment — level it if necessary. Check that the footbrake spindle
is not pressing on the side of the tank. Reposition the spindle
if necessary.

5PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
Figure 1-4 Chip tray (representative)
CLEANUP
Metal surfaces may have been protected by thick grease and/
or paper. Carefully remove these using a plastic paint scraper,
disposable rags and a light-oil such as WD-40.
CHIP TRAY
Check that the chip tray, Figure 1-4, can be pulled forward
without snagging coolant hoses and worklight wiring. Use ca-
ble ties if necessary.
Figure 1-5 Footbrake switch
LEVELING & ALIGNING THE LATHE
One of the most important attributes of a properly set up lathe
is its ability to “machine parallel”, to cut a cylinder of uniform
diameter over its entire length. In other words, no taper.
To deliver parallel turning, the lathe must be precisely leveled,
briey described in the following summary. Equally important,
especially for turning between centers, is alignment of the
center-to-center axis with the lathe bed, as seen from above.
[Vertical alignment is nowhere near as critical, rarely causing
taper problems.] Both of the procedures are covered in Sec-
tion 4, Servicing the Lathe.
The following procedure ensures that the lathe bed is in the
same state as it was when the lathe was checked for accuracy
in manufacture — level from end to end along the bed, and
from front to back. In other words, no warping.
Make sure all leveling mounts and/or shims are properly
weight bearing, rmly in contact with the oor. Check and ad-
just level from end to end using a precision machinist’s level,
if available. If not, use the most reliable level on hand. Check
and adjust level front-to-back across the bed using a matched
pair of spacer blocks to clear the Vee tenons on the bed ways.
The blocks need to be at least 1/4 inch thick, ground or other-
wise accurately dimensioned. Alternatively, check for level on
the ground upper surface of the cross slide as the carriage is
traversed from end to end.
Figure 1-3 Coolant tank and pump
FOOTBRAKE INTERLOCK
The lathe will not run if the brake interlock switch inside the LH
stand cabinet fails to close when the foot treadle is released
(brake OFF). Check that the cap screw swings clear, opening
the switch when the treadle is pressed, Figure 1-5.
Figure 1-6
220 Vac connection
ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS
As shipped, the lathe is set for 220 Vac single phase power.
Read Initial Checks, Section 3, before connecting power
If the lathe did not come with a pre-installed power cord, con-
nect to the power source using 12 AWG (minimum) 3-wire cord
through a strain relief bushing on the bottom surface of the
electrical box. Connect the ground wire (PE) to the grounding
plate at left. Connect the live wires to the two terminals marked
1 and 2 in Figure 1-6.

6PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
Section 2 FEATURES & SPECIFICATIONS
MODEL PM-1440-2SM-V Lathe
PM-1440-2SM-V Floor plan: approximate dimensions (not to scale)
General information
The PM-1440-2SM-V is a robust, heavy duty gap-bed lathe designed for day-in, day-out use in production in the
larger model machine shop. It features a 3 HP motor with variable frequency single-phase/three-phase converter
(VFD) giving smoothly variable spindle speeds from 30 to 400 rpm and 135 to 2000 rpm. Power requirement is 220
Vac 1Ø. The lathe ships fully assembled, with foot brake, on cast iron stands (all-up weight approximately 1900 lb).
The spindle has a 2-inch bore, and is unusually short — just 18 inches, good for through-spindle work such as
gunsmithing. Long service life is assured by high precision taper-roller spindle bearings, together with hardened
and ground bed ways, shafts, and headstock gears. All gears in the machine are oil-bath lubricated.
A saddle-feed gearbox, together with a set of external change gears, provides for a full range of UNC and UNF
threads from 4 to 112 TPI, and metric threads from 0.1 mm to 7 mm pitch.
In addition to the leadscrew for thread-cutting operations, the power feed gearbox drives an independent feed shaft
that powers both the saddle and cross-slide. A friction clutch allows the saddle to be stopped precisely at any point
along the bed. The VFD comes with an electrical braking system, triggered by the footbrake, that stops the spindle
almost instantly, even at the highest speeds. A circulating coolant system is housed in the right-hand stand cabinet.

7PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
Dimensions, approximate overall, incl. stand
Width 82 in. x Height 61 in. x Depth 31 in. (full range cross
slide motion)
Footprint: 70-1/4 in. wide x 15-3/4 in. deep
Bed length, excluding headstock: 54 in.
Spindle centerline to oor: 47 in.
Weight, approximate: 1600 lb net, approx.1900 lb shipping
Power requirement 220 Vac, 60 Hz, 1Ø, 12A
Motor 3 HP
Work envelope
Headstock center to tailstock center 38 in. max
Swing over bed 14 in. diameter
Swing over cross slide 8-3/4 in. diameter
Swing over gap (gap ller removed) 19-1/2 in. diameter
Gap insert length 7-1/2 in. (faceplate to outer end of insert, 4-7/8 in.)
Spindle face to tailstock quill face 43-1/2in. max
Saddle travel along bed 37 in.
Cross-slide travel 7 in.
Compound (top slide) travel 4-3/8 in.
Drive system
1440-2SM-V VFD drive with 2-speed gearbox)
Low range, rpm 30 to 400
High range, rpm 135 to 2000
1440-2SM 8-speed gearbox, 2-speed belt drive)
Low range, rpm 60, 76, 110, 140, 190, 245, 300, 380
High range, rpm 340, 430, 535, 675, 900, 1135, 1410, 1800
Carriage drive, thread cutting Leadscrew 8 tpi
Inch threads Choice of 49, from 4 to 112 TPI
Metric threads Choice of 72, from 0.1 mm to 7 mm pitch
Saddle drive, turning operations Choice of feed rates from 0.002 to 0.12 in./spindle rev
Cross slide drive, facing operations Choice of feed rates from 0.0005 to 0.03 in./spindle rev
Spindle
Chuck/faceplate attachment D1-5 Camlock
Internal taper MT6
Spindle bore 2 in. diameter
Spindle length, LH end to chuck mounting face 15-3/4 in.
Tailstock
Internal taper MT4
Quill travel 4 in.
Work holding (typical)
3-jaw chuck, 8 in.
Faceplate 10 in. diameter
Center rest (steady rest) capacity Up to 3-1/2 in. diameter
Follower rest capacity Up to 1-1/2 in. diameter
PM-1440-2SM-V SPECIFICATIONS

8PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
Everyday precautions
•This machine is intended for use by experienced users familiar with met-
al-working hazards.
•Untrained or unsupervised operators risk serious injury.
•Wear ANSI-approved full-face or eye protection at all times when using the
machine (everyday eyeglasses are not reliable protection against ying parti-
cles).
•Wear proper apparel and non-slip footwear – be sure to prevent hair, cloth-
ing or jewelry from becoming entangled in moving parts. Gloves – including
tight-tting disposables – can be hazardous!
•Be sure the work area is properly lit.
•Never leave chuck keys, wrenches or other loose tools on the machine.
•Don’t shift gears in the headstock or gearbox when the spindle is running.
•Be sure the workpiece, toolholder(s) and machine ways are secure before
commencing operations.
•Use moderation: light cuts, low spindle speeds and slow table motion usually
give better, safer results than “hogging”.
•Don’t try to stop a moving spindle by hand – allow it to stop on its own.
•Disconnect 220 Vac power from the lathe before maintenance operations
such as oiling or adjustments.
•Maintain the machine with care – check lubrication and adjustments daily
before use.
• Clean the machine routinely – remove chips by brush or vacuum, not com-
pressed air (which can force debris into the ways).
No list of precautions can cover everything.
You cannot be too careful!

9PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
Section 3 USING THE LATHE
What is not in this section ...
This is a conventional engine lathe that requires little expla-
nation other than specic numbers — speed selection, thread
cutting, and the saddle/cross-slide power feed system. Be-
cause the user is assumed to be familiar with general purpose
metal lathes, this section contains no tutorial.
Figure 3-1A 2SM Front panel and power-feed gearbox controls
(1) Power lamp
(2) Intermediate power switch
(3) Coolant ON/OFF
(4) E-Stop button. Disables the machine when pressed; twist it (pops
out) to restore power
(5) Jog push button — runs the spindle forward a few degrees when
pressed (only if the motor control lever is mid-travel, Figure 3-2)
(6) Direction lever (power feed), shown here set to the usual direc-
tion—saddle moves to the left
(7) Speed range selectors — Hi/Lo, plus 8 gearbox speeds
(8) This knob selects either feed shaft or leadscrew, Figure 3-2.
Precision Matthews recommends draining and relling all
three gearboxes (Headstock, Power Feed and Apron) after
approximately 20 hours of initial run time. Lubricants are
specied in Section 4.
8
Feed rate
1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8
Oil
level
2 3 45
1
7
PM-1440-2SM INITIAL CHECKS
Do not shift gears while the spindle is running
Before connecting power, do the following:
1. Visually check the entire machine for possible distur-
bance in shipping, including the motor, belt and external
gears under the belt cover left of the headstock. Replace
the belt cover.
2. Check oil level (sight glasses) in the headstock, the
power-feed gearbox, and the apron. See Section 4.
3. If a chuck or faceplate is installed, check tightness of the
six Camlocks on the spindle nose, explained later.
4. Set the larger gear lever to L(low), and the smaller lever
to 76-60 (these numbers apply if the motor-to-headstock
belt I-II is set for low speed); if I-II is set for high speed,
the numbers will be 430-340. Make sure the gears are
properly meshed by “jiggling while shifting” — rotate the
chuck back and forth by hand while moving the levers
into position. Make certain that the motor control lever is
set to OFF, mid-travel, Figure 3-2.
5. Set the power-feed direction lever to its center (neutral)
position, Figure 3-1A (6).
6. Check that there are no clamps or locks on moving parts,
and that movement of the saddle is not impeded by items
fastened to the bed.
7. Check that the footbrake treadle is released (UP).
8. Set the saddle and cross slide to approximate mid-travel.
9. Switch on 220 Vac power (rotary switch located at
back-left of the headstock), then turn on the "intermedi-
ate" power switch, Figure 3-1A (2). The power lamp (1)
should light, unless a circuit breaker in the electrical com-
partment has tripped, or the Emergency Stop (E-Stop)
button is pushed in (it should pop out when twisted
clockwise).
10. Shift the motor control lever DOWN. The spindle should
turn forward, counter clockwise, viewed at the chuck
(nose) end.
11. Check the emergency function by pressing the E-Stop
button. The motor should stop. If this doesn’t happen,
the E-stop function is defective, and needs attention.
12. Reset (twist) the E-Stop button to restore power.
13. Check that the footbrake stops the motor — a
microswitch in the LH stand cabinet disconnects power,
and a drum brake in the drive pulley stops the spindle.
14. Return the motor control lever to OFF, mid-travel.
15. Shift the motor control lever UP. The spindle should
Reverse, clockwise rotation, viewed at the chuck (nose)
end.
6

10PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
PM-1440-2SM-V INITIAL CHECKS
Do not shift gears while the spindle is running
Before connecting power, do the following:
1. Visually check the entire machine for possible distur-
bance in shipping, including the motor, belt and external
gears under the belt cover left of the headstock. Replace
the belt cover.
2. Check oil level (sight glasses) in the headstock, the
power-feed gearbox, and the apron. See Section 4.
3. If a chuck or faceplate is installed, check tightness of the
six Camlocks on the spindle nose, explained later.
4. Set the speed gear lever to L(low). Make sure the gears
are properly meshed by “jiggling while shifting” — ro-
tate the chuck back and forth by hand while moving the
levers into position. Make certain that the motor control
lever is set to OFF, mid-travel, Figure 3-2.
5. Set the speed control knob fully counter clockwise (slow-
est speed).
6. Set the power-feed direction lever to its center (neutral)
position, Figure 3-1(6).
7. Check that there are no clamps or locks on moving parts,
and that movement of the saddle is not impeded by items
fastened to the bed.
8. Check that the footbrake treadle is released (UP).
9. Set the saddle and cross slide to approximate mid-travel.
10. Switch on 220 Vac power (rotary switch located at back-
left of the headstock). The tachometer display (spindle
speed), Figure 3-1(8), should light, unless a circuit break-
er in the electrical box has tripped, or the Emergency
Stop (E-Stop) button is pushed in (it should pop out when
twisted clockwise).
11. Shift the motor control lever DOWN. Turn the speed
control knob a few degrees clockwise to run the motor
at low speed. The spindle should turn forward, counter
clockwise, viewed at the chuck (nose) end.
12. Check the emergency function by pressing the E-Stop
button. The motor should stop. If this doesn’t happen,
the E-stop function is defective, and needs attention.
13. Reset (twist) the E-Stop button to restore power.
14. Check that the footbrake stops the motor — a
microswitch in the LH stand cabinet disconnects power,
and a drum brake in the drive pulley stops the spindle.
15. Return the motor control lever to OFF, mid-travel.
16. Shift the motor control lever UP. The spindle should
Reverse, clockwise rotation, viewed at the chuck (nose)
end.
LOW HIGH
8
7
2 3 4
6
5
1
Figure 3-1B 2SM-V Front panel and power-feed gearbox controls
(1) Power lamp
(2) Coolant ON/OFF
(3) Speed adjust knob
(4) Jog push button — runs the spindle forward a few degrees when
pressed (only if the motor control lever is mid-travel, Figure 3-2)
(5) E-Stop button. Disables the machine when pressed; twist it (pops
out) to restore power
(6) Direction lever (power feed), shown here set to neutral
(7) Speed range selector
(8) Tachometer display
Power feed gearbox same as lower photo in Figure 3-1A
Precision Matthews recommends draining and relling all
three gearboxes (Headstock, Power Feed and Apron) after
approximately 20 hours of initial run time. Lubricants are
specied in Section 4.

11PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
Figure 3-2 Motor control lever
Mid-travel (shown here) OFF, Down Forward, Up Reverse
Leadscrew
Feed shaft
MOTOR CONTROL
EXTERNAL DRIVE TRAIN
A multi-groove pulley connects the motor to the gearbox, Fig-
ure 3-3. Belt tension will not usually require attention. If neces-
sary, loosen the three hex head bolts securing the motor, then
adjust the motor to re-tension. Be sure the motor is properly
aligned, then re-tighten. See Fig 4-18.
Figure 3-3 External drive train
Firm nger pres-
sure here should
deect the belt
about 1/4"
POWER-FEED TRAIN
The saddle can be power-driven to the left or the right, as se-
lected by the Direction lever on the main control panel, Figure
3-1(6). Other controls in the feed system are on the apron, Fig-
ure 3-4: these are the Power-feed lever and the Leadscrew
split-nut lever.
Figure 3-4 Feed control levers on apron
To run the saddle move the power-feed lever OUT & UP to engage;
to run the cross-slide move the lever IN & DOWN to engage. Before
returning to non-power-feed operations, test for dis-engagement by
turning the saddle and cross-slide handwheels manually.
Power-feed lever
Split-nut lever
Cross-slide
Saddle
When changing ANY gear selection — speed
range, feed direction, feed speed — rst stop the
motor. Be patient! It is not always possible to go
directly from one mesh to another, so move the
spindle back and forth by hand while easing the
lever/knob into position. Don’t use JOG to do
this! This may cause gear damage.
The split-nut lever engages the leadscrew, Figure 3-2, and is
typically used only for screw or worm cutting.
The split-nut lever cannot be engaged unless the power-feed
lever is NEUTRAL, vertically centered. For screw cutting set
the right-hand gearbox control, Figure 3-1(8), to either Wor Y,
see the following pages.
The power-feed lever on the apron is active only when the
feed shaft is rotating. When the lever is out to the right, it can
be moved only upwards to engage the saddle drive; similar-
ly, when the lever is pushed to the left (cross-slide) it can be
pushed only downwards.
For routine turning operations, not screw cutting, set the right-
hand gearbox control to X, see the following pages.
Before power-feeding, exercise the saddle and cross slide
manually, with both of the apron levers disengaged — split-nut
lever up, power-feed lever vertically centered, neither up nor
down.
When engaging any power feed, move the levers gently,
feeling for the gears to mesh as you go. If the gears don’t en-
gage at the rst try, use the appropriate handwheel to nudge
the saddle or cross slide, whichever one you wish to move
under power.
To run the feed system, set the power-feed direction lever Fig-
ure 3-1(6) to the left or right, depending on how you want the
saddle to move — with the lever pushed to the left, the saddle
moves toward the chuck, the usual direction for turning and
thread cutting. NOTE: The selected direction applies to both
the leadscrew (for thread cutting) and the saddle/cross-slide
power-feed.
Power-feeding is disabled when the direction lever (6) is at 12
o’clock as shown in Figure 3-1B.
POWER-FEED RATES
The rate of power-feed relative to spindle speed is set by the
external gears in combination with the internal gearbox below

12PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
Figure 3-5 External gear set G installed To change gear sets loosen
the arrowed nut and cap screw, then swing down the support casting.
Inset: Gear cover interlock.
JOG FEATURE
JOG is momentary-type push-button, active only if the Motor
Control lever is in the mid-travel (OFF) position, Figure 3-2.
Press the button briey to "nudge" the spindle forward by a
few degrees. Jog can be used to reposition the chuck and/or
workpiece, especially useful when low spindle-speed gearing
makes hand rotation di󰀩cult.
the headstock. The gearbox ratio is controlled by the four shift-
er knobs in Figure 3-1A. The W-X-Y knob Figure 3-1A(8) de-
termines which is the driven shaft, the leadscrew (Wand Y) or
the feed shaft (X).
A distinctive feature of the PM-1440-2SM is its ability to cut a
wide range of U.S. and metric threads with only two external
gear sets, Fand G, Figures 3-5, 3-6A, 3-6B and 3-9. A third
set, H, is used for cutting worms to match worm wheels spec-
ied by either diametral pitch (DP) or module number (MP).
The gear sets together with available speeds and tooth pitches
are shown in the label facsimiles, Figure 3-5.
Figure 3-6A Worm pitches available with gear set H
Figure 3-6B Screw threads available with gear sets F and G
TEST RUNNING THE LATHE
Be sure that all gearboxes and sliding
surfaces are lubricated. Check the
precautions on page 8. If testing the
power-feed, be sure there is nothing to
prevent saddle or cross-slide motion.
2SM-V

13PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
FEEDSHAFT CLUTCH
The clutch shown in Figure 3-7 minimizes the potential for
damage by mechanically disengaging feed shaft if the saddle
or cross slide hits an obstruction. This could be the result of
either an accidental event, or deliberately stopping the saddle
at a precise location set by the saddle stop, Figure 3-8.
The clutch comprises a pair of spring-loaded steel balls bear-
ing on a detent disc driven by the power-feed gearbox. Spring
pressure is adjusted by two set screws on either side of the
feed shaft, arrowed in Figure 3-7. Setting the spring pressure
is a process of aiming for the best compromise between too
high — damaging feed pressure — and too low, stopping pre-
maturely.
To have the clutch working reliably with the carriage stop, start
with low spring force, then work up in small increments until
the carriage stops in the same location (say ± 0.002”, assum-
ing a constant depth of cut and feed rate).
Figure 3-7 Feedshaft clutch
SADDLE STOP
The stop assembly, Figure 3-8, has a micrometer-style collar
graduated in 0.001 in. divisions. It can be clamped at any point
along the lathe bed (two socket head screws on the underside
secure the clamp plate to the block).
Figure 3-8 Micrometer saddle stop
Leadscrew
Feed shaft
EXTERNAL GEAR RATIOS
Referring to the gear tooth numbers in Figure 3-6B, the G set
drives the saddle 4 times faster than F. This means that G is
for coarse threads/feeds, and F is for ne.
Ratio of external gear sets G & H relative to F
F = 1 (ne thread)
G = F x 4 (coarse thread)
H = F x 3.14 = F x �
[Gear set H enables the PM-1440-2SM-V lathe to convert from
the circular pitch of a worm wheel to the linear pitch of a match-
ing worm.]
When exchanging gears, make sure that the external gears
are properly meshed. One way to gauge the gap between
gears is to insert a scrap of paper between the teeth as a sep-
arator (use standard printer paper, about 0.004" thick).
Be sure the gears are lubricated!
See recommended lubricants, Section 4.
Figure 3-9 External gear sets
Screw cutting operations use only sets F and G (special-purpose set
H is for worm cutting). Convert from F to G by exchanging the 33T and
66T gears, upper and lower pairs.

14PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
Saddle X slide Saddle X slide Saddle X slide Saddle X slide
FATX 0.002 0.0005 0.002 0.0006 0.003 0.0007 0.003 0.0008
FASX 0.003 0.0009 0.004 0.0012 0.005 0.0014 0.006 0.0016
FARX 0.007 0.0019 0.008 0.0023 0.010 0.0028 0.012 0.0032
FBRX 0.017 0.0046 0.021 0.0058 0.025 0.0069 0.029 0.0081
GBSX 0.034 0.0092 0.042 0.0115 0.050 0.0139 0.059 0.0162
GBRX 0.067 0.0185 0.084 0.0231 0.101 0.0277 0.118 0.0323
1
3
6
8
POWER-FEED RATES
The following table lists inches of travel per revolution of the
spindle. Saddle motion is about 3.6 times cross slide motion.
SCREW CUTTING — U.S. THREADS
UN Coarse & UN Fine
The following table lists threads per inch (TPI).
Gear Set F cuts all UNF threads from #0 to 3/4", plus UNC
from #1 to 3/8"
Gear Set G cuts all UNF threads from 7/8" to 1-1/2", plus UNC
from 7/16" to 1-1/2".
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
GCTY 4 4-1/2 5 5-1/2 5-3/4 6 5-1/2 7
GCSY 8 9 10 11 11-1/2 12 13 14
GBY 9-1/2 9-1/2 9-1/2 9-1/2 9-1/2 9-1/2 9-1/2 9-1/2
FCTY 16 18 20 22 23 24 26 28
FCSY 32 36 40 44 46 48 52 56
FBY 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38
FCRY 64 72 80 88 92 96 104 112
WORM CUTTING — DP
The table on the following page lists DP (Diametral Pitch) values for worm-wheels, and the gearbox set-
tings to cut matching worms. Example: a 16DP worm wheel has a Circular Pitch of π ÷ DP = 3.142 ÷ 16
= 0.1963". This is the distance between a point on one tooth of the worm-wheel and the corresponding
point on its adjacent tooth.
A matching worm has a Linear Pitch of the same value. In other words, the "thread pitch" of the worm
is also 0.1963". In the table, the setup for this pitch is HCTY-1. Compare this with GCTY-1 (U.S. threads
table, preceding page) for a 4 TPI thread, pitch 0.25". Gear set H runs the leadscrew slower (π/4) than G,
so the worm pitch is 0.25 x π/4 = 0.1963".
SCREW CUTTING — METRIC THREADS
The following table lists thread pitch in mm.
Gear Set F cuts all ne threads from M1 to M18 diameters,
plus all coarse threads from M1.6 to M12 diameters, with a
single exception (M5 x 0.8).
Gear Set G cuts all coarse threads from M14 to M68 diame-
ters, plus M5 x 0.8.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
FATW 0.1 0.125 0.15
FASW 0.2 0.225 0.25 0.3 0.35
FARW 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7
FBSW 0.75 0.875
GASW 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
FBRW 1 1.25 1.5 1.75
GARW 1.6 1.8
GBSW 2 2.25 2.5 2.75 3 3.25 3.5
GBRW 4 4.5 5 5.5 5.75 6 6.5 7

15PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
The following table lists Module numbers for metric worm-wheels, and the gearbox settings to cut match-
ing worms. (Module is the inverse of diametral pitch, but with the pitch circle diameter measured in milli-
meters instead of inches.) Example: a Module 1.5 worm-wheel has a Circular Pitch of π x 1.5 = 4.712
mm. This is the distance between a point on one tooth of the worm-wheel and the corresponding point
on its adjacent tooth.
A matching worm has a Linear Pitch of the same value. In other words, the "thread pitch" of the worm
is also 4.712 mm. In the table the setup for this is HBRW-6. Compare this with GBRW-6 (Metric threads
table, preceding page) for a thread of 6 mm pitch. Gear set H runs the leadscrew slower (π/4) than G, so
the worm pitch is 6 x π/4 = 4.712 mm.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
HCTY 16 18 20 44 23 24 26 28
HCSY 32 36 40 44 46 48 52 56
HBY 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38
HCRY 64 72 80 88 92 96 104 112
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
HATW 0.1 0.125 0.15
HASW 0.2 0.225 0.25 0.275 0.2875 0.3 0.325 0.35
HBTW 0.375
HARW 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.575 0.6 0.65 0.7
HBSW 0.5625 0.625 0.6875 0.75 0.8125 0.875
HBRW 1 1.125 1.25 1.375 1.5 1.625 1.75
WORM CUTTING — METRIC
DP
MP
Figure 3-10 Compound set for 30oinfeed
The compound has been rotated counter-clockwise to align its datum
(the short red line) with the 60omark on the cross-slide. For 29orotate
the compound 1 degree more.
30o
COMPOUND SETUP FOR THREAD CUTTING
Thread cutting on the lathe is unlike most other turning oper-
ations, for two reasons: 1. The cutting tool must be precisely
ground with an included angle of 60 degrees for most Ameri-
can and metric threads, and; 2. It is preferable to feed the tool
into the workpiece at an angle so it cuts mostly on the left ank
of the thread. The correct angle relative to the cross slide is
a subject of debate — should it be 29, 29-1/2 or 30 degrees?
Figure 3-9 shows the conventional 30 degree setting. (Some
machinists prefer 29 degrees because it holds the cutting tool
marginally clear of the right ank of the thread, close enough
for cleanup of the ank while at the same time avoiding appre-
ciable rubbing.)
CUTTING PROCEDURE FOR TPI THREADS
This procedure assumes that a single point thread cutting tool
will be used, and that the threading dial assembly has been
pivoted forward to engage its worm wheel with the leadscrew,
Figure 3-11.
The threading dial cannot be used for metric threads! The
split-nut on the apron must be left engaged throughout
the entire process.
For metric and UNC/UNF threads the tool is ground to 60o(in-
cluded angle). It is installed so that its anks are exactly 30o
either side of the cross axis, ideally with the compound o󰀨-
set as Figure 3-10. Single-point threads are cut in 10 or more
successive passes, each shaving a little more material o󰀨 the
workpiece.
To make the rst thread-cutting pass, the leadscrew is run at
the selected setting (table previous pages), and the carriage is
moved by hand to set the cutting tool at the starting point of the
thread. With the tool just grazing the workpiece, the split-nut
Set the scale to
60ofor 30oinfeed!

16PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
Figure 3-11 Threading dial
lever is lowered to engage the leadscrew. This can be done at
any point, provided the split-nut remains engaged throughout
the entire multi-pass process.
When the rst pass is completed, the tool is backed out clear
the workpiece (using the cross slide), and the spindle is re-
versed to bring the saddle back to the starting point. The cross
slide is returned to its former setting, then the tool is advanced
a few thousandths by the compound for the next pass. Each
successive pass is done in the same way, each with a slightly
increased infeed setting of the compound.
Most users working on U.S. threads save time by disengag-
ing the split-nut at the end of each cutting pass, reversing the
saddle by hand, then re-engaging, usually by reference to the
threading dial, Figure 3-11.
If the TPI number is divisible by 2, re-engagement can be done
at any line on the threading dial.
For all other TPI numbers every engagement, including the
rst, must be at the point where a specic line on the thread-
ing dial comes into alignment with the datum mark. If not, the
second and subsequent passes will be out of sync. In some
cases, Figure 3-12, there is a choice of lines for re-engage-
ment, but in every case the process calls for careful timing.
[NOTE: Disengagement and re-engagement of the split-nut is
not applicable to metric threads].
Typical depths of cut per pass vary from an initial 0.005” or so,
to as little as 0.001”, even less. A nishing pass or two with
increments of only 0.0005” (or none at all) to deal with the
spring-back e󰀨ect can make all the di󰀨erence between a too-
tight thread and one that runs perfectly.
Assuming that the compound is set over at between 29 and
30 degrees, the total depth of cut is approximately 0.69 times
the thread pitch, P (this equates to a straight-in thread depth of
0.6 times P). There may be a need for a few thousandths more
in-feed than 0.69P, almost certainly not less.
THREADING DIAL RULES
Referring to Figure 3-12, the general rules are:
1. Divide the TPI value by 2: If this gives a whole number,
example 10/2 = 5, re-engage at any line on the dial. Spe-
cial case: if the result of dividing by 2 is an even number,
example 12/2, you can re-engage midway between lines.
2. If the TPI value is a whole number not divisible by 2, ex-
ample 7, re-engage on the start line, or any line at right
angles to it. In the table this shows as 1-3-5-7 (but could
be 2-4-6-8, etc.).
3. If the TPI value is fractional, but becomes a whole number
when multiplied by 2, example 4-1/2, re-engage only on
the start line, or its diametrical opposite. In the table this
shows as 1-5-1 (but could be 2-6-2, etc.)
If in doubt, re-engage on the start line!
Figure 3-12 Threading dial visualization for selected U.S. threads

17PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
CROSS-SLIDE & COMPOUND
The cross-slide and compound have 10 TPI leadscrews, with
100-division graduated collars, Figure 3-13. Each division rep-
resents a “true” motion of 0.001”. On the cross slide dial only,
a 0.001” depth of cut reduces the diameter of the workpiece
by 0.002”.
TAILSTOCK
The tailstock leadscrew has a 10 TPI thread, with 4 inch travel.
A graduated collar on the tailstock handwheel reads 0.001” per
division. A transverse slot at the narrow end of the internal ta-
per (MT4) provides clearance for drills and other devices with
tang ends. To remove tooling from the tailstock taper, turn the
handwheel counter-clockwise (handle end view) until resis-
tance is felt, then turn the handle a little more to eject the tool.
Conversely, to install a taper tool make certain that the quill is
out far enough to allow rm seating.
For taper turning, the tailstock may be o󰀨set by adjusting set
screws on either side, Figure 3-14. To move the tailstock to
the back, for instance, the screw on the lever side would be
unscrewed, then the opposing set screw would be screwed in
to move the upper assembly. A clamp screw holds the tailstock
rmly against a transverse rib in the base casting. Loosen it if
necessary to allow o󰀨setting.
A visual indication of the o󰀨set is provided by a scale on the
back surface, but this is not a reliable measure for precise
work. In practice, the only way to determine the o󰀨set precisely
is to "cut and try' on the workpiece, or scrap stock, homing in
on the correct degree of o󰀨set in small increments.
The same issues arise when re-establishing "true zero" of the
tailstock, in other words returning it to the normal axis for rou-
tine operations. One way to avoid cut-and-try is to prepare in
advance a bar of (say) 1" diameter quality ground stock, with
precise center drillings at both ends (do this by indicating for
zero TIR in a 4-jaw chuck, not in a 3-jaw unless known to be
predictably accurate). The prepared bar can then be installed
between centers and indicated along its length.
Figure 3-14 Tailstock (representative photo)
Figure 3-13 Cross-slide and compound dials
A battery-powered DRO gives a precise display of quill posi-
tion, in inches and millimeters, Figure 3-15.
Figure 3-15 Tailstock DRO
USING THE TAILSTOCK DRO
In the normal operating mode (REGULAR mode) the DRO
displays scale position, increasing or decreasing, depending
on the direction of the tailstock’s quill motion to the left or the
right. How the display responds to a given direction of motion
is selectable by the DIR button.
Switch on the DRO by pressing the ON/OFF/PRE button. The
DRO displays either millimeters or inches —press the mm/in
button.
mm resolution: 0.01 mm
in resolution: 0.0001 inches
Figure 3-16 DRO in inches mode
Zero the display by pressing the ZERO/ABS button.

18PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
When the DRO is in its regular mode (responding to tailstock
quill motion), press the ZERO/ABS button to zero the display,
Figure 3-16. In this mode, INC shows at the lower left corner
of the display (INC means incremental, not absolute).
Press the HOLD button to freeze the display at its present
value, e.g., 1.0630, Figure 3-17. Movement of the tailstock
quill will not a󰀨ect the displayed value.
ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
The DRO provides two supplementary functions in addition
to the REGULAR mode; these are known as PRESET and
TOLERANCE. Because they are intended for use in quality
assurance and other inspection operations, not in routine ma-
chining, no information is given here on possible applications.
Press the HOLD button again to restore the regular function.
Turn OFF the digital readout by pressing and holding the
ON/OFF/PRE push button.
Figure 3-17
The display does not respond to tailstock quill motion
when the HOLD button is pressed.
PRESET FUNCTION
This allows the user to establish in the DRO memory a
specic value of up to 6 digits, for instance 02.3750. There-
after, every time the DRO is turned OFF (display blank), then
ON again, that number will be displayed regardless of the
tailstock quill location. PRESET values are intended for
use in inspection operations, not in everyday machining.
How to preset a value
Starting in the REGULAR mode (DRO responding to tailstock
quill motion), switch to the PRESET mode by briey pressing
the ON/OFF/PRE button. The PRESET mode is indicated
by a ashing letter Pabove the right-most numeral on the
display. The displayed number will be either all zeros, Figure
3-18, or whatever was saved in memory from an earlier pre-
set operation.
OOPS … If you selected the PRESET mode by mistake, re-
turn to the REGULAR mode by briey pressing the ON/OFF/
PRE button one more time.)
Figure 3-18
Starting the PRESET function setup: the displayed value
here, all zeros, indicates that there was no preset value in
memory. In the setup mode, the letter P (arrow) ashes.
With the letter P ashing, press and hold the ON/OFF/PRE
button. This will blink the rst (left-most) display digit, but the
P will no longer be ashing. Tap lightly the ON/OFF/PRE
button as many times (or simply leave alone) as needed to
change that rst digit to the desired value – this would be 0
for the example 02.3750, Figure 3-19.
With the rst digit now set, press and hold the ON/OFF/PRE
button to work on the next digit — which will blink to indicate
that it can be altered — then release the push button.
Now proceed as before, tapping the ON/OFF/PRE button
lightly as many times as needed to change the second digit to
the desired value, 2in the 02.3750 example.
Repeat the "Press-Hold/Tap” procedure to select and set the
third digit. If this comes up right away with the desired value,
simply press and hold to proceed to the next digit. The se-
quence ends when the 6th, right-most digit blinks. Note that
tapping the button at this point alternates only between 0and
5, not 0through 9.
With the 6th digit set as desired, press and hold the ON/OFF/
PRE button to restore the ashing P, then press it briey
again to exit the PRESET mode.
Figure 3-19
Select each of the digits in turn by holding down the ON/OFF/PRE
button, then tapping it repeatedly to select a desired value.
Flashes
initially
Doesn't ash when the setup
procedure has begun
Note that the above sequence — working
through all 6 digits — is the ONLY WAY to return
to the REGULAR mode!
TOL FUNCTION
TOL, meaning “tolerance”, establishes and saves the upper
and lower limits of a “permissible range of motion” relative
to a previously-established preset value — see the above
procedure.
How to set tolerance values
Starting in the REGULAR mode, briey press the TOL button
to display either all zeros, if starting from scratch, or a number
in memory from a previous setting. In either case, there will
be a ashing arrowhead below the 5th digit, Figure 3-20.
Figure 3-20
Starting the TOL function setup: the displayed value here, all
zeros, indicates that there was no preset value in memory.

19PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
Figure 3-26 Compound lock screw
LOCKING THE SLIDES
When face-cutting large diameter surfaces, for instance, it is
often desirable to lock the saddle, Figure 3-25. Less frequently
it can be helpful to lock, or at least sti󰀨en, sliding motion of the
compound, Figure 3-26.
Figure 3-25 Saddle lock screw
The following illustration assumes a preset value of 2.375,
and a permissible range of motion of 0.025. This calls for one
TOL limit to be 2.375, and the other limit to be 2.350.
With the arrowhead ashing, press and hold the TOL but-
ton. This will blink the rst (left-most) display digit, but the
arrowhead will no longer be ashing. If there is nothing in
memory, all digits will be zero, so the 1st digit remains as is.
In that case, continue to hold down the TOL button until the
2nd digit blinks, then tap the TOL button lightly to change the
2nd digit to 2.
With the 2nd digit now set, press and hold the TOL button to
blink the 3rd digit. Tap the TOL button to change the 3rd digit
to 3, then proceed in the same way — that's Press-Hold/Tap
— to set the remaining digits to 7, followed by 5, Figure 3-21.
Press and hold to blink the nal digit, at which point the ar-
rowhead will begin ashing again, then tap the TOL button
to display the other limit screen — ashing arrowhead below
the 2nd digit), Figure 3-22.
Figure 3-21
Upper TOL limit set to 2.375.
Using the same procedure as before, set the lower limit to
2.350, Figure 3-22.
Tap the TOL button for the 3rd time to enter the position moni-
toring mode — TOL at the lower right corner of the display,
Figure 3-23.
Figure 3-22
Lower TOL limit set to 2.350.
Figure 3-23
Range monitoring mode, with TOL showing on the display. The
value 1.8425 is arbitrary, for illustration only.
Now, to demonstrate the position monitoring feature, move
the tailstock quill to display a value between 2.35 and 2.375,
Figure 3-24. At this point, the arrowhead disappears, and is
replaced by the word GO, indicating that the quill position is
within the permissible range.
Figure 3-24
GO indicates that the quill position is good.
Exit the TOL function by pressing the TOL button one more
time.

20PM-1440-2SM 8-2023 Copyright © 2023 Quality Machine Tools, LLC
STEADY & FOLLOWER RESTS
The hinge-type steady rest, Figure 3-27, can be mounted any-
where along the lathe bed. It makes possible cutting opera-
tions on long, slender workpieces between centers, or held at
one end by chuck. The steady rest is often used in combina-
tion with the saddle-mounted follower rest, Figure 3-28.
To set up the steady rest against a workpiece, rst swing open
the upper casting. Make certain that all three ngers are freely
adjustable by their thumb-wheels. If not, loosen and re-lock
the set screws (arrowed in Figure 3-27). Bring in the two lower
ngers so they just touch the workpiece — without deecting
it — then close and secure the upper casting. Lower the top
nger to just touch the workpiece, clamp the frame, then apply
oil at the point of contact.
The follower rest, Figure 3-28, is secured to the saddle with
two socket head screws. Adjust the follower ngers as de-
scribed for the steady rest.
Figure 3-27 Steady rest (representative photo)
On the steady rest suppled with the PM 1440-2SM the brass nger-
tips are replaced by rollers.
Figure 3-28 Follower rest (representative photo)
On the follower rest suppled with the PM 1440-2SM the
brass ngertips are replaced by rollers.
GAP BED
An 8-7/8 in. long section of the bed at the headstock end can
be removed to allow turning of diameters up to 19-1/2 in., Fig-
ure 3-29.
To remove the gap insert back out the pusher screw one or
two turns, then remove the four large socket head screws se-
curing the insert to the bed. To minimize cosmetic damage, cut
through the paint and ller along the joint between insert and
bed using a sharp knife or pointed scraper.
Jack out the two taper pins using a 13 mm hex wrench.
Before re-installing the insert, be certain that all mating sur-
faces are scrupulously clean. Set the insert in place. Lightly
tap in the two locating pins, then install the four large bolts
(snug, but not fully tightened). Jack the insert to the right with
the pusher screw to close the gap, if any, between the ground
surfaces of the bed ways at the join (a visible parting line may
be acceptable, but a discontinuity that snags the saddle is not).
If a satisfactory join cannot be achieved, it may be necessary
to remove and reinstall the insert from scratch.
Figure 3-29 Gap insert (representative, taper pins not shown)
Pusher screw
Taper pins