R&S ZNB Series User manual

R&S®ZNB/ZNBT
Vector Network Analyzers
User Manual
1173916302
Version 62
(;×éÍ2)

This document applies to the following vector network analyzer models and their options:
●R&S® ZNB4, 9 kHz to 4.5 GHz, 2 test ports, order no. 1311.6010K22
●R&S® ZNB4, 9 kHz to 4.5 GHz, 2 test ports, order no. 1334.3330K22
●R&S® ZNB4, 9 kHz to 4.5 GHz, 4 test ports, order no. 1311.6010K24
●R&S® ZNB4, 9 kHz to 4.5 GHz, 4 test ports, order no. 1334.3330K24
●R&S® ZNB8, 9 kHz to 8.5 GHz, 2 test ports, order no. 1311.6010K42
●R&S® ZNB8, 9 kHz to 8.5 GHz, 2 test ports, order no. 1334.3330K42
●R&S® ZNB8, 9 kHz to 8.5 GHz, 4 test ports, order no. 1311.6010K44
●R&S® ZNB8, 9 kHz to 8.5 GHz, 4 test ports, order no. 1334.3330K44
●R&S® ZNB20, 100 kHz to 20 GHz, 2 test ports, order no. 1311.6010K62
●R&S® ZNB20, 100 kHz to 20 GHz, 2 test ports, order no. 1334.3330K62
●R&S® ZNB20, 100 kHz to 20 GHz, 4 test ports, order no. 1311.6010K64
●R&S® ZNB20, 100 kHz to 20 GHz, 4 test ports, order no. 1334.3330K64
●R&S® ZNB26, 100 kHz to 26.5 GHz, 2 test ports, order no. 1334.3330K63
●R&S® ZNB26, 100 kHz to 26.5 GHz, 4 test ports, order no. 1334.3330K65
●R&S® ZNB40, 10 MHz to 40 GHz, 2 test ports, order no. 1311.6010K72
●R&S® ZNB40, 100 kHz to 40 GHz, 2 test ports, order no. 1311.6010K82
●R&S® ZNB40, 100 kHz to 40 GHz, 4 test ports, order no. 1311.6010K84
●R&S® ZNB43, 100 kHz to 43.5 GHz, 2 test ports 2.92 mm, order no. 1334.3330K92
●R&S® ZNB43, 100 kHz to 43.5 GHz, 2 test ports 2.4 mm, order no. 1334.3330K93
●R&S® ZNB43, 100 kHz to 43.5 GHz, 4 test ports 2.92 mm, order no. 1334.3330K94
●R&S® ZNB43, 100 kHz to 43.5 GHz, 4 test ports 2.4 mm, order no. 1334.3330K95
●R&S® ZNBT8, 9 kHz to 8.5 GHz, 4 test ports (up to 24 ports optional),
order no. 1318.7006K24
●R&S® ZNBT20, 100 kHz to 20 GHz, 8 test ports (up to 24 ports optional),
order no. 1332.9002K24
●R&S® ZNBT26, 100 kHz to 26.5 GHz, 8 test ports (up to 24 ports optional),
order no. 1332.9002K34
●R&S® ZNBT40, 100 kHz to 40 GHz, 8 test ports (up to 24 ports optional),
order no. 1332.9002K44
© 2022 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Muehldorfstr. 15, 81671 Muenchen, Germany
Phone: [phone] - 0
Email: [email protected]
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
1173.9163.02 | Version 62 | R&S®ZNB/ZNBT
Throughout this manual, R&S® is abbreviated as R&S.

Contents
R&S®ZNB/ZNBT
3User Manual 1173.9163.02 ─ 62
Contents
1 Safety and regulatory information......................................................15
1.1 Safety instructions......................................................................................................15
1.2 Warning messages in the documentation................................................................ 18
1.3 Korea certification class A......................................................................................... 18
2 Welcome to the R&S ZNB/ZNBT......................................................... 19
2.1 What's new in firmware version 3.45.........................................................................19
2.2 Documentation overview............................................................................................20
2.2.1 Getting started manual..................................................................................................21
2.2.2 User manual and help................................................................................................... 21
2.2.3 Service manual............................................................................................................. 21
2.2.4 Instrument security procedures.....................................................................................21
2.2.5 Printed safety instructions............................................................................................. 21
2.2.6 Data sheets and brochures........................................................................................... 22
2.2.7 Release notes and open source acknowledgment (OSA)............................................ 22
2.2.8 Application notes, application cards, white papers, etc.................................................22
3 Getting started......................................................................................23
3.1 Preparing for use........................................................................................................ 23
3.1.1 Lifting and carrying........................................................................................................23
3.1.2 Unpacking and checking............................................................................................... 23
3.1.3 Choosing the operating site.......................................................................................... 23
3.1.4 Setting up the product................................................................................................... 24
3.1.5 Considerations for test setup........................................................................................ 26
3.1.6 Connecting the analyzer to the AC supply.................................................................... 27
3.1.7 Switching the instrument on and off.............................................................................. 28
3.1.8 Standby and ready state............................................................................................... 29
3.1.9 Windows operating system........................................................................................... 29
3.1.10 Minimizing the VNA application.....................................................................................31
3.1.11 Connecting external accessories.................................................................................. 31
3.1.12 Remote operation in a LAN...........................................................................................35
3.2 Instrument tour............................................................................................................39
3.2.1 Front panel R&S ZNB................................................................................................... 39

Contents
R&S®ZNB/ZNBT
4User Manual 1173.9163.02 ─ 62
3.2.2 Front panel R&S ZNBT................................................................................................. 44
3.2.3 Rear panel R&S ZNB.................................................................................................... 47
3.2.4 Rear panel R&S ZNBT..................................................................................................49
3.3 Operating the instrument........................................................................................... 51
3.3.1 Manual operation.......................................................................................................... 52
3.3.2 Control elements of the application window..................................................................56
3.3.3 Touchscreen gestures................................................................................................... 62
3.3.4 Working with dialogs..................................................................................................... 64
3.3.5 Handling diagrams, traces, and markers...................................................................... 66
3.3.6 Entering data.................................................................................................................69
3.3.7 Scaling diagrams...........................................................................................................73
3.4 Performing measurements.........................................................................................78
3.4.1 Transmission S-parameter measurement..................................................................... 78
3.4.2 Reflection S-parameter measurement.......................................................................... 85
4 Concepts and features........................................................................ 87
4.1 Basic concepts............................................................................................................87
4.1.1 Global (persistent) settings........................................................................................... 87
4.1.2 Recall sets.....................................................................................................................88
4.1.3 Traces, channels and diagrams.................................................................................... 88
4.1.4 Sweep control............................................................................................................... 90
4.1.5 Data flow....................................................................................................................... 98
4.2 Screen elements........................................................................................................102
4.2.1 Display elements of a diagram....................................................................................102
4.2.2 Dialogs.........................................................................................................................113
4.2.3 Trace formats.............................................................................................................. 117
4.3 Measurement results................................................................................................ 125
4.3.1 S-parameters.............................................................................................................. 125
4.3.2 Reference impedances............................................................................................... 128
4.3.3 Impedance parameters............................................................................................... 130
4.3.4 Admittance parameters............................................................................................... 134
4.3.5 Wave quantities and ratios.......................................................................................... 135
4.3.6 Unbalance-balance conversion...................................................................................138
4.3.7 Stability factors............................................................................................................142

Contents
R&S®ZNB/ZNBT
5User Manual 1173.9163.02 ─ 62
4.3.8 Group delay.................................................................................................................143
4.4 Operations on traces................................................................................................ 144
4.4.1 Limit check.................................................................................................................. 144
4.4.2 Trace files....................................................................................................................151
4.4.3 Memory-mapped trace data transfer...........................................................................160
4.5 Calibration................................................................................................................. 162
4.5.1 Calibration types......................................................................................................... 163
4.5.2 Calibration standards and calibration kits................................................................... 174
4.5.3 Calibration pool........................................................................................................... 181
4.5.4 Calibration labels.........................................................................................................181
4.5.5 Automatic calibration...................................................................................................181
4.5.6 Scalar power calibration..............................................................................................193
4.5.7 SMARTerCal................................................................................................................199
4.5.8 Parallel calibration of multiple channels...................................................................... 201
4.5.9 Joining calibrations......................................................................................................202
4.6 Offset parameters and de-/embedding................................................................... 202
4.6.1 Offset parameters........................................................................................................202
4.6.2 Embedding and deembedding.................................................................................... 208
4.7 Optional extensions and accessories.....................................................................221
4.7.1 Additional test ports (R&S ZNBT only)........................................................................222
4.7.2 Time domain analysis..................................................................................................222
4.7.3 Distance-to-fault measurements................................................................................. 235
4.7.4 Frequency conversion measurements........................................................................ 236
4.7.5 Receiver bandwidth 10 MHz....................................................................................... 246
4.7.6 Frequency resolution 1 mHz....................................................................................... 247
4.7.7 Measurement uncertainty analysis..............................................................................247
4.7.8 Eazy de-embedding based on IEEE 370.................................................................... 250
4.7.9 In-situ de-embedding.................................................................................................. 251
4.7.10 Smart fixture de-embedding........................................................................................252
4.7.11 Delta-L 4.0 PCB characterization................................................................................252
4.7.12 Health and usage monitoring service (HUMS)............................................................253
4.7.13 Bias tees (R&S ZNB only)...........................................................................................254
4.7.14 Internal second source................................................................................................255

Contents
R&S®ZNB/ZNBT
6User Manual 1173.9163.02 ─ 62
4.7.15 Precision frequency reference.................................................................................... 255
4.7.16 GPIB interface.............................................................................................................256
4.7.17 Device control............................................................................................................. 256
4.7.18 Handler I/O (universal interface)................................................................................. 256
4.7.19 RFFE GPIO interface.................................................................................................. 257
4.7.20 Additional removable system drive............................................................................. 258
4.7.21 Extended power range................................................................................................ 258
4.7.22 Extended dynamic range............................................................................................ 259
4.7.23 Receiver step attenuators........................................................................................... 261
4.7.24 R&S ZNB40 reflector module with ESD limiters..........................................................262
4.7.25 DC inputs.................................................................................................................... 262
4.7.26 USB-to-IEC/IEEE adapter........................................................................................... 265
4.7.27 External power meters................................................................................................ 265
4.7.28 External generators.....................................................................................................267
4.7.29 External switch matrices............................................................................................. 269
4.7.30 External DLLs..............................................................................................................276
4.7.31 R&S ZNXSIM.............................................................................................................. 278
5 GUI reference......................................................................................282
5.1 Function Keys and Softtools................................................................................... 282
5.2 Meas softtool............................................................................................................. 284
5.2.1 S-Params tab.............................................................................................................. 285
5.2.2 Ratios tab.................................................................................................................... 294
5.2.3 Wave tab..................................................................................................................... 297
5.2.4 Intermod. tab............................................................................................................... 300
5.2.5 Z←Sij tab.................................................................................................................... 304
5.2.6 Y←Sij tab.................................................................................................................... 306
5.2.7 Y-Z-Params tab........................................................................................................... 308
5.2.8 Imbal. CMRR tab.........................................................................................................309
5.2.9 Stability tab..................................................................................................................312
5.2.10 Power Sensor tab........................................................................................................313
5.2.11 DC tab......................................................................................................................... 314
5.2.12 External DLL tab......................................................................................................... 317
5.3 Format softtool..........................................................................................................322

Contents
R&S®ZNB/ZNBT
7User Manual 1173.9163.02 ─ 62
5.4 Scale softtool.............................................................................................................328
5.4.1 Scale Values tab..........................................................................................................328
5.4.2 Scale Coupling tab...................................................................................................... 330
5.4.3 Zoom tab..................................................................................................................... 331
5.5 Trace Config softtool................................................................................................ 333
5.5.1 Traces tab................................................................................................................... 333
5.5.2 Mem tab...................................................................................................................... 338
5.5.3 All Mem All Data tab....................................................................................................341
5.5.4 Math tab...................................................................................................................... 342
5.5.5 Time Domain tab......................................................................................................... 348
5.5.6 Time Gate tab..............................................................................................................353
5.5.7 Distance to Fault tab................................................................................................... 355
5.5.8 Trace Statistics tab......................................................................................................355
5.5.9 Smooth Shift Hold tab................................................................................................. 361
5.5.10 Infinite Averaging tab...................................................................................................364
5.5.11 Trace Data tab.............................................................................................................365
5.6 Lines softtool.............................................................................................................373
5.6.1 Limit Test tab............................................................................................................... 373
5.6.2 Ripple Test tab............................................................................................................ 381
5.6.3 Circle Test tab............................................................................................................. 386
5.6.4 Display Circle tab........................................................................................................ 389
5.6.5 Horiz. Line tab............................................................................................................. 390
5.7 Marker softtool.......................................................................................................... 391
5.7.1 Markers tab................................................................................................................. 391
5.7.2 Marker Props tab.........................................................................................................394
5.7.3 Marker Search tab.......................................................................................................396
5.7.4 Multiple Peak tab.........................................................................................................402
5.7.5 Target Search tab........................................................................................................404
5.7.6 Bandfilter tab............................................................................................................... 406
5.7.7 Set by Marker tab........................................................................................................410
5.7.8 Info Field tab............................................................................................................... 412
5.7.9 Marker Coupling tab....................................................................................................412
5.8 Stimulus softtool.......................................................................................................413

Contents
R&S®ZNB/ZNBT
8User Manual 1173.9163.02 ─ 62
5.8.1 Stimulus tab................................................................................................................ 414
5.8.2 Power tab.................................................................................................................... 415
5.8.3 Time Domain X-Axis tab..............................................................................................418
5.9 Power Bw Avg softtool............................................................................................. 419
5.9.1 Power tab.................................................................................................................... 419
5.9.2 Bandwidth tab............................................................................................................. 420
5.9.3 Average tab.................................................................................................................421
5.10 Sweep Softtool.......................................................................................................... 422
5.10.1 Sweep Params tab......................................................................................................423
5.10.2 Sweep Type tab.......................................................................................................... 426
5.10.3 Trigger tab................................................................................................................... 437
5.10.4 Sweep Control tab.......................................................................................................441
5.11 Cal softtool................................................................................................................ 445
5.11.1 Start Cal tab................................................................................................................ 446
5.11.2 Cal Devices tab........................................................................................................... 511
5.11.3 Pwr Cal Settings tab....................................................................................................524
5.11.4 Use Cal tab................................................................................................................. 531
5.11.5 METAS Cal tab............................................................................................................538
5.12 Channel Config softtool............................................................................................547
5.12.1 Channels tab............................................................................................................... 547
5.12.2 Port Config tab............................................................................................................ 560
5.12.3 Mode tab..................................................................................................................... 577
5.12.4 Intermod. tab............................................................................................................... 582
5.12.5 Pwr Cal Settings tab....................................................................................................594
5.12.6 Mixer Mode tab........................................................................................................... 594
5.13 Offset Embed softtool...............................................................................................605
5.13.1 Offset Embed dock widget.......................................................................................... 605
5.13.2 Offset tab.....................................................................................................................615
5.13.3 One Way Loss tab.......................................................................................................621
5.13.4 Single Ended tab.........................................................................................................623
5.13.5 Fixture modeling dialog............................................................................................... 626
5.13.6 Port Sets tab............................................................................................................... 641
5.13.7 Balanced tab............................................................................................................... 643

Contents
R&S®ZNB/ZNBT
9User Manual 1173.9163.02 ─ 62
5.13.8 Ground Loop tab......................................................................................................... 646
5.13.9 Differential Match tab.................................................................................................. 649
5.13.10 Config tab....................................................................................................................650
5.13.11 Deembed Assistant tab............................................................................................... 652
5.13.12 Delta-L tab...................................................................................................................661
5.14 File softtool................................................................................................................668
5.14.1 Recall sets tab.............................................................................................................669
5.14.2 Favorites tab............................................................................................................... 673
5.14.3 Print tab.......................................................................................................................674
5.14.4 Printer Setup dialog.....................................................................................................675
5.14.5 Trace Data tab.............................................................................................................676
5.14.6 More tab...................................................................................................................... 677
5.14.7 Configure Additional Simulation Data dialog...............................................................678
5.15 DUT Softtool.............................................................................................................. 681
5.16 Applic softtool........................................................................................................... 681
5.16.1 External Tools application........................................................................................... 682
5.16.2 TDR application...........................................................................................................683
5.16.3 DUT Centric application...............................................................................................711
5.16.4 Distance to Fault Application.......................................................................................727
5.17 Display softtool......................................................................................................... 735
5.17.1 Diagram tab.................................................................................................................735
5.17.2 Split tab....................................................................................................................... 739
5.17.3 Config tab....................................................................................................................741
5.17.4 View Bar tab................................................................................................................748
5.17.5 Touchscreen tab..........................................................................................................749
5.18 Setup softtool............................................................................................................ 750
5.18.1 Setup tab.....................................................................................................................750
5.18.2 Freq. Ref. tab.............................................................................................................. 776
5.18.3 Remote Settings tab....................................................................................................777
5.18.4 External Devices tab................................................................................................... 779
5.18.5 External Ports tab........................................................................................................790
5.19 Help softtool.............................................................................................................. 800
5.20 Additional Function Keys.........................................................................................801

Contents
R&S®ZNB/ZNBT
10User Manual 1173.9163.02 ─ 62
6 Remote control...................................................................................803
6.1 Introduction to remote control.................................................................................803
6.1.1 Remote control via USB..............................................................................................804
6.1.2 Starting a remote control session................................................................................805
6.1.3 GPIB Explorer............................................................................................................. 805
6.1.4 Switchover to remote control.......................................................................................807
6.1.5 Combining manual and remote control....................................................................... 810
6.2 Messages................................................................................................................... 811
6.2.1 Device messages (commands and device responses)............................................... 811
6.2.2 SCPI command structure and syntax..........................................................................811
6.2.3 SCPI parameters.........................................................................................................815
6.3 Basic remote control concepts................................................................................817
6.3.1 Traces, channels, and diagram areas......................................................................... 817
6.3.2 Active traces in remote control....................................................................................818
6.3.3 Initiating measurements, speed considerations.......................................................... 819
6.3.4 Addressing traces and channels................................................................................. 820
6.4 Command processing.............................................................................................. 821
6.4.1 Input unit..................................................................................................................... 821
6.4.2 Command recognition................................................................................................. 822
6.4.3 Data base and instrument hardware........................................................................... 822
6.4.4 Status reporting system.............................................................................................. 823
6.4.5 Output unit...................................................................................................................823
6.4.6 Command sequence and command synchronization................................................. 823
6.5 Status reporting system........................................................................................... 825
6.5.1 Overview of status registers........................................................................................826
6.5.2 Structure of a SCPI status register..............................................................................827
6.5.3 Contents of the status registers.................................................................................. 829
6.5.4 Application of the status reporting system.................................................................. 836
6.5.5 Reset values of the status reporting system............................................................... 839
7 Command reference.......................................................................... 840
7.1 Special terms and notation...................................................................................... 840
7.1.1 Upper- vs. lower-case................................................................................................. 841
7.1.2 Special characters.......................................................................................................841