Renesas DA16200 PMOD User manual

User Manual
DA16200 DA16600 Linux Driver
Getting Started Guide for RZ/G2L
UM-WI-059
Abstract
The DA16200 is a highly integrated ultra-low power Wi-Fi system on chip (SoC) that allows users to
develop a complete Wi-Fi solution on a single chip. The DA16600 also includes the DA14531 BLE
solution. This document is a DA16200/DA16dk600 getting started guide intended to help new or
existing developers quickly get started using Linux driver source codes to develop Wi-Fi and BLE
applications with the DA16200/DA16600 chipset on RZ/G2L Linux system.

UM-WI-059
DA16200 DA16600 Linux Driver Getting Started Guide for RZ/G2L
User Manual
Revision 1.9
31-Mar-2023
CFR0012
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© 2023RenesasElectronics
Contents
Figures ...................................................................................................................................... 4
Tables........................................................................................................................................ 4
1Terms and Definitions ......................................................................................................... 5
2References .......................................................................................................................... 5
3Overview.............................................................................................................................. 6
4Linux Driver for Wi-Fi .......................................................................................................... 7
4.1 Required Preparations.................................................................................................. 7
4.1.1 How to Erase Flash........................................................................................ 7
4.2 RZ/G2L Linux System................................................................................................... 8
4.2.1 SD Card ........................................................................................................ 8
4.2.2 NFS .............................................................................................................. 8
4.3 Kernel Config............................................................................................................... 9
4.3.1 SD Card ........................................................................................................ 9
4.3.2 NFS .............................................................................................................10
4.4 U-boot Environment ....................................................................................................11
4.4.1 SD Card .......................................................................................................11
4.4.2 NFS .............................................................................................................11
4.5 DA16200 Driver Module...............................................................................................12
4.5.1 How to Compile Module (Optional).................................................................12
4.5.2 Installing the Driver as a Linux Module ...........................................................13
4.6 SPI Pin Connection for Wi-Fi........................................................................................16
4.6.1 How to Set Interrupt Pin in the Device Tree ....................................................16
4.7 SDIO Pin Connection for Wi-Fi.....................................................................................17
4.8 BT COEX configuration ...............................................................................................17
4.9 MAC Address..............................................................................................................17
4.10 Architecture ................................................................................................................18
4.11 H/W Reset..................................................................................................................18
4.12 Throughput Test..........................................................................................................19
4.12.1 Test Setup....................................................................................................19
4.12.2 iperf3 Test with Client Mode...........................................................................19
4.12.3 iperf3 Test with Server Mode .........................................................................21
4.13 Supported Commands for RF Tests .............................................................................22
4.14 Test Example in RZ/G2L Evaluation Board ...................................................................25
4.14.1 Test Condition..............................................................................................25
4.14.2 tx (Packet mode)...........................................................................................26
4.14.3 cont.............................................................................................................26
4.14.4 cw ................................................................................................................27
4.14.5 per...............................................................................................................27
4.14.6 rd and wr......................................................................................................28
4.14.7 ird and iwr..................................................................................................28
5Linux Driver for BLE ...........................................................................................................29
5.1 RZ/G2L Linux System..................................................................................................29
5.1.1 SD Card .......................................................................................................29

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5.1.2 NFS .............................................................................................................29
5.2 Linux Driver ................................................................................................................29
5.3 U-boot Environment ....................................................................................................29
5.3.1 SD Card .......................................................................................................29
5.3.2 NFS .............................................................................................................29
5.4 Serial Port Connection for HCI .....................................................................................30
5.5 Test............................................................................................................................31
Revision History.......................................................................................................................32
Status Definitions.....................................................................................................................33

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Figures
Figure 1: Example of Erasing Flash...............................................................................................7
Figure 2: RFKILL Configuration.....................................................................................................9
Figure 3: Wireless Configuration ...................................................................................................9
Figure 4: Linux Driver Architecture...............................................................................................18
Figure 5: Check IP Address ........................................................................................................19
Figure 6: Disable Firewall for iperf3 Test ......................................................................................19
Figure 7: Run iperf3 Server on PC...............................................................................................20
Figure 8: Result of iperf3 TCP Tx ................................................................................................20
Figure 9: Result of iperf3 UDP Tx................................................................................................21
Figure 10: TCP iperf3 Rx Result..................................................................................................21
Figure 11: UDP iperf3 Rx Result .................................................................................................22
Figure 12: Test Condition............................................................................................................25
Figure 13: Preparation for RF Test ..............................................................................................25
Figure 14: Help Message for RF Test ..........................................................................................25
Figure 15: tx Command .............................................................................................................26
Figure 16: tx Start/Stop Command Example................................................................................26
Figure 17: cont Command ..........................................................................................................26
Figure 18: cont Start/Stop Command Example............................................................................27
Figure 19: cw Command .............................................................................................................27
Figure 20: cw Start/Stop Command Example................................................................................27
Figure 21: PER Command ..........................................................................................................27
Figure 22: per Command Example..............................................................................................28
Figure 23: rd and wr Command Example.....................................................................................28
Figure 24: ird and iwr Command Example.................................................................................28
Figure 25: hiconfig......................................................................................................................31
Figure 26: hcitool lescan Result...................................................................................................31
Figure 27: Connection Result of hcitool lecc.................................................................................31
Tables
Table 1: SPI Pin Connection for Wi-Fi..........................................................................................16
Table 2: SDIO Pin Connection for Wi-Fi.......................................................................................17
Table 3: Pin Configuration of Bluetooth® LE Coexistence .............................................................17
Table 4: PIN Configuration of HW Reset......................................................................................18
Table 5: Common Command List ................................................................................................22
Table 6: RF Test Command List..................................................................................................23
Table 7: Serial Port Connection for HCI .......................................................................................30

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1 Termsand Definitions
AP Access Point
BSP Board Support Package
CMD Command
FW Firmware
GPIO General Purpose Input Output
MAC Medium Access Control
OTP One-Time Programmable Memory
RX Receive
SDIO Secure Digital Input Output
SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
STA Station
TCP Transport Control Protocol
TX Transmit
UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter
UDP User Datagram Protocol
2 References
[1] UM-WI-046, DA16200 DA16600 FreeRTOS SDK Programmer Guide, User Manual, Renesas
Electronics

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3 Overview
The DA16200 is a highly integrated Wi-Fi system onchip (SoC) that allows users to develop Wi-Fi
solutions using a single chip. The DA16600 also includes DA14531 BLE solution. The DA16200
(DA16600) provides the Linux driver for the SPI interface and BLE HCI forthe UART interface, so it
can be used as a MAC-only chip on the RZ/G2L Linux system.
This document is a getting started guide to help new or existing developers develop Wi-Fi and BLE
systems with the DA16200/DA16600 chipset on RZ/G2L Linux systems using the DA16200 and
DA16600 Linux driver source code quickly.

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4 Linux Driver for Wi-Fi
4.1 Required Preparations
The flashmemory should be erased before it can be programmed. This section describes how to
erase the flash memory.
4.1.1 How to Erase Flash
Afterconnecting to DA16200 or DA166600 through UART, execute the command below at the
prompt.
[combo] reset
[MROM] sflash erase 0 1000
[MROM] sflash read 0 100 (To check if ff ff ff ff is printed)
Figure 1: Example of Erasing Flash

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4.2 RZ/G2L Linux System
4.2.1 SD Card
The Wi-Fi Linux driver is based on the Renesas RZ/G2L Linux SD card image for Linux kernel and
file systems. The SD card image is written to the SD card using the MS Windows “Win32 Disk
Imager” tool.
4.2.2 NFS
Ethernet cable is required to use NFS mount function.
The supported kernel and image were built using the RZ/G Verified Linux PackageV3.0.1. This
package can be downloaded from: “RZ/G Verified Linux Package V3.0.1 (RTK0EF0045Z9006AZJ-
v3.0.1.zip)”.

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4.3 Kernel Config
The wireless network stack is not enabled by default in the Linux kernel and must be enabled using
menuconfig.
•Run bitbake forkernelconfig
build$ bitbake -c menuconfig virtual/kernel
•To use mac80211 as a module driver, RFKill shouldbe enabled.
Networking support ->RF switch subsystem support<*> -> GPIO RFKILLdriver<*>
Figure 2: RFKILL Configuration
•Enable the Wireless drivers, go to Networkingsupport -> Wireless,andchoose Select.
Figure 3: Wireless Configuration
•Build the kernel
build$ bitbake core-image-weston
4.3.1 SD Card
•Copy build/tmp/deploy/images/smarc-rzg2l/Image to theSD card boot partition.

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4.3.2 NFS
•Copy build/tmp/deploy/images/smarc-rzg2l/Image to NFS server.

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4.4 U-boot Environment
4.4.1 SD Card
To boot from the microSD card on the SMARC carrier board, set the environment variables using the
following commands at the U-boot prompt:
=> env default -a
=> setenv sd_boot1 'mmc dev 1 ; fatload mmc 1:1 0x48080000 Image ; fatload mmc 1:1 0x48000000 /Image-
r9a07g044l2-smarc.dtb'
=> setenv sd_boot2 'setenv bootargs 'root=/dev/mmcblk1p2 rootwait' ; booti 0x48080000 - 0x48000000'
=> setenv bootcmd 'run sd_boot1 sd_boot2'
=> saveenv Saving Environment to MMC... Writing to MMC(0)….OK
4.4.2 NFS
To boot to NFS on the SMARC carrier board, set the environment variables using the following
commands at the U-boot prompt:
=> setenv bootargsnfs ‘setenv bootargs nfsrootdebug root=/dev/nfs rootfstype=nfs
ip=172.16.31.160:172.16.31.14:pi:255.255.224.0:pi:eth0:off nfsroot=172.16.31.14:/nfsroot/rzg2lc,tcp,vers=3
vmalloc=384M'
=> setenv nfsload 'nfs 0x48080000 172.16.31.14:/nfsroot/rzg2lc/Image;nfs 0x48000000
172.16.31.14:/nfsroot/rzg2lc/Image-r9a07g044c2-smarc.dtb'
=> setenv serverip '172.16.31.14'
=> setenv ipaddr '172.16.31.160'
=> setenv netmask '255.255.224.0'
=> setenv ethact 'ethernet@11c20000'
=> setenv ethaddr '5A:54:E4:4D:03:9D'
=> setenv nfsboot 'run nfsload;run bootargsnfs;booti 0x48080000 - 0x48000000'
=> setenv bootcmd 'run nfsboot'
=> saveenv Saving Environment to MMC... Writing to MMC(0)….OK
The IP address, foldername, and ethaddr used above should be changed according to theuser
environment.

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4.5 DA16200 Driver Module
4.5.1 Compile a Driver Module (Optional)
DA16200 provides rwnx_drv.tar.gz, Linux driver sourcecode in the SDK. The driver is cross-
compiled using "RZ/G Verified Linux Package V3.0.1" included in the RZ/G2L SDK. To compile the
driver source code, the RZ/G2L SDK should be installed in advance. See the “Linux Interface
Specification Yocto recipe Start-Up Guide”in the Renesas website for details.
To build the driver, users need to change the path in KDIR with the one in the kernel source
directory. You can find the path in the build folder which was generated when the BSP included in the
RZ/G Verified Linux Package V3.0.1 was compiled.
vi Makefile
# rzg_bsp_v3.0.1 released by Renesas
KDIR ?= /home/rzg2l-5.10.131
To build the driver, users need to enable the interface as shown below. For example, if a user is
using SDIO interface, CONFIG_LMAC_DA16K_SDIO should be selected, and CONFIG_LMAC_DA16K_SPI for SPI
interface.
vi softmac/Makefile
# If using SDIO interface (default)
CONFIG_LMAC_DA16K_SDIO ?= y
CONFIG_LMAC_DA16K_SPI ?= n
# If using SPI interface
CONFIG_LMAC_DA16K_SDIO ?= n
CONFIG_LMAC_DA16K_SPI ?= y
$ cd rwnx_drv
$ source /opt/poky/3.1.14/environment-setup-aarch64-poky-linux
$ make
make -C home/rzg2l-5.10.131 M=/home/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv modules
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/rzg_bsp_v3.0.1/build/tmp/work/smarc_rzg2l-poky-linux/linux-
renesas/5.10.131-cip13+gitAUTOINC+61bbadb8a4-r1/linux-smarc_rzg2l-standard-build'
GENVERSION /home/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv/softmac/rwnx_version_gen.h
CC [M] /home/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv/softmac/rwnx_main.o
LD [M] /home/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv/softmac/rwnx_drv.o
MODPOST /home/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv/Module.symvers
LD [M] /home/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv/softmac/rwnx_drv.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/rzg_bsp_v3.0.1/build/tmp/work/smarc_rzg2l-poky-linux/linux-
renesas/5.10.131-cip13+gitAUTOINC+61bbadb8a4-r1/linux-smarc_rzg2l-standard-build'
When compile is complete, the “rwnx_drv.ko” kernel module is created in the rwnx_drv/softmac
folder:
/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv$ ls softmac/rwnx_drv.ko
softmac/rwnx_drv.ko

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4.5.1.1 Kernel 5.10 or Greater
// Example of linux kernel 5.17
// makeFile
// change KERNELDIR
KERNELDIR ?= /home/liam/work/linux-stable/.out
// install gcc-arm-10.3
$ wget https://developer.arm.com/-/media/Files/downloads/gnu-a/10.3-2021.07/binrel/gcc-arm-10.3-2021.07-
x86_64-aarch64-none-elf.tar.xz
$ tar xvf gcc-arm-10.3-2021.07-x86_64-aarch64-none-elf.tar.xz -C /opt/arm/
$ cd rwnx_drv
$ PATH=/opt/arm/gcc-arm-10.3-2021.07-x86_64-aarch64-none-elf/bin:$PATH ; export CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-none-
elf-; export ARCH=arm64
$ make
make M=/home/liam/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv modules
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/liam/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv'
make -C /home/liam/work/linux-stable/.out M=/home/liam/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv modules
make[2]: Entering directory '/home/liam/work/linux-stable/.out'
GENVERSION /home/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv/softmac/rwnx_version_gen.h
CC [M] /home/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv/softmac/rwnx_main.o
LD [M] /home/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv/softmac/rwnx_drv.o
MODPOST /home/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv/Module.symvers
LD [M] /home/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv/softmac/rwnx_drv.ko
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/liam/work/linux-stable/.out'
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/liam/work/da16200_linux_driver/rwnx_drv'
$
4.5.2 Installing the Driver as a Linux Module
The DA16200 firmware is divided into lmacfw_sdio.bin and lmacfw_spi.bin, and either of them will be
used depending on the interface supported by theplatform. The firmware should be located in the
/lib/firmware directory and will be downloaded to the DA16200 when the kernel module is loaded.
The kernel module driver can be loaded using the “insmod”command.
4.5.2.1 SPI Interface
STA and AP mode are supported by SPIinterface. The steps to install and configure the driver are
as follows.
STA Mode
# insmod rwnx_drv.ko
# wpa_supplicant -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf &
AP Mode
# insmod rwnx_drv.ko
# ifconfig wlan0 10.0.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0
# dhcpcd -q -b

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# systemctl stop dnsmasq
# systemctl start dnsmasq
# hostapd -iwlan0 -t -B ./hostapd.conf
※Add below to /etc/dnsmasq.conf
resolv-file=/etc/resolv.dnsmasq
interface=wlan0
listen-address=10.0.0.1
bind-interfaces
domain-needed
server=8.8.8.8
bogus-priv
dhcp-range=10.0.0.2,10.0.0.20,255.255.255.0,24h
4.5.2.2 SDIO Interface
STA, AP, and Concurrent modes are supported by SDOIinterface.
STA Mode
# insmod rwnx_drv.ko
# dhcpcd -q -b
# wpa_supplicant -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf &
AP Mode
# insmod rwnx_drv.ko
# dhcpcd -q -b
# systemctl stop dnsmasq
# systemctl start dnsmasq
# hostapd -iwlan0 -t -B ./hostapd.conf
※Add below to /etc/dnsmasq.conf
resolv-file=/etc/resolv.dnsmasq
interface=wlan0
listen-address=10.0.0.1
bind-interfaces
domain-needed
server=8.8.8.8
bogus-priv
dhcp-range=10.0.0.2,10.0.0.20,255.255.255.0,24h
Concurrent Mode
The AP channel should be the same as the STA connection channel.
# dhcpcd -q -b

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# insmod rwnx_drv.ko
# ifconfig wlan0 up
# iw dev wlan0 interface add wlan1 type managed
# ifconfig wlan1 up
# wpa_supplicant -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf &
# ifconfig wlan1 10.0.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0
# systemctl stop dnsmasq
# systemctl start dnsmasq
# hostapd -iwlan1 -t -B ./hostapd.conf
※Add below to /etc/dnsmasq.conf
resolv-file=/etc/resolv.dnsmasq
interface=wlan1
listen-address=10.0.0.1
bind-interfaces
domain-needed
server=8.8.8.8
bogus-priv
dhcp-range=10.0.0.2,10.0.0.20,255.255.255.0,24h

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4.6 SPI Pin Connection for Wi-Fi
The SPI pin connections between the DA16200 and the RZ/G2L are defined as follows:
Table 1: SPI Pin Connection for Wi-Fi
DA16200Module
Signal Name
RZ/G2L PMOD0 Pin Name
RZ/G2L PMOD0
Pin Number
GPIO [3]
Interrupt from host
GPIO6
9
GPIO [2]
Interrupt to Host
GPIO5
8
GPIO [9]
SPI MOSI
SPI1 DO
2
GPIO [8]
SPI MISO
SPI DIN
3
GPIO [7]
SPI CLK
SPI1 CK
4
GPIO [6]
SPI CS
SPI1 CS0
1
4.6.1 How to Set Interrupt Pin in the Device Tree
The “reg”, “spi-max-frequency, “reset-gpios”, “irq0-gpios” and “reset-gpios can be set in the dts file.
Available values for “spi_clk” are 50, 25, 16.7, 12.5, 10, and 5 Mhz.
The following is the value set on the RZG2L EVK board, and reset-gpios, irq0-gpios, and irq0-gpios
should be changed appropriately foreach board.
arch/arm64/boot/dts/renesas/rz-smarc-common.dtsi
&spi0 {
da16xxx@0 {
compatible = "renesas,da16xxx";
reg = <0>;
spi-max-frequency = <5000000>;
reset-gpios = <&pinctrl RZG2L_GPIO(40, 0) GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
irq0-gpios = <&pinctrl RZG2L_GPIO(2, 0) GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
irq1-gpios = <&pinctrl RZG2L_GPIO(2, 1) GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
};
};

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4.7 SDIO Pin Connection for Wi-Fi
The SDIO pin connections between the DA16200 and the RZ/G2L are defined as follows:
Table 2: SDIO Pin Connection for Wi-Fi
DA16200Module
Signal Name
RZ/G2L microSD
connector Pin Name
RZ/G2L microSD
connector Pin Number
GPIOA [4]
SDIO_CMD
CMD
3
GPIOA [5]
SDIO_CLK
CLK
5
GPIOA [6]
SDIO_D3
CD/DATA3
2
GPIOA [7]
SDIO_D2
DATA2
1
GPIOA [8]
SDIO_D1
DATA1
8
GPIOA [9]
SDIO_D0
DATA0
7
4.8 BT COEX configuration
The BT Coex feature is disabled by default. To enable the feature, run the below command with the
required option. For a detailed description of the BT Coex options, see Section3.12 in FreeRTOS
SDK Programmer Guide [1].
$ insmod rwnx_drv.ko bt_coex=1
Option:
0: bt coex off (default)
1: bt > wi-fi priority
2: bt = wi-fi priority
3: bt < wi-fi priority
Pin configuration of Bluetooth® LE coexistence is defined as following:
Table 3: Pin Configuration of Bluetooth® LE Coexistence
DA16200Module
Signal Name
Description
Note
GPIO [10]
iBtAct
BT active signal
In case of DA16600or DA14531,the pinshouldbe
connectedto GPIO P0_6.
4.9 MAC Address
The Wi-Fi MAC address of the DA16200 is stored in the OTP memory area.

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4.10 Architecture
The DA16200 Linux driver architecture is as following:
Figure 4: Linux Driver Architecture
●LMAC SW (lmacfw_sdio.bin or lmacfw_spi.bin) is the DA16200 firmware stored in the
“/lib/firmware” folder.
●Wi-Fi driver (rwnx_drv.ko) is compiled from the DA16200 Wi-Fi driver source code.
●rwnx_spi.c provides the SPI interface for the LMAC SW.
●rwnx_sdio.c provides the SDIO interface for theLMAC SW.
4.11 H/W Reset
RG2L+DA16200 supports H/W reset function for DA16200 module in SDIO and SPI interface. Use
hw_reset_fw() function for hardware reset.
Table 4: PIN Configuration of HW Reset
DA16200Module
Signal Name
RZ/G2L microSD
connector Pin Name
RZ/G2L microSD
connector Pin Number
RTC_PWR_KEY
HW reset
GPIO5
8

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4.12 ThroughputTest
This sectiondescribes the iperf3 throughput test using the TCP/UDP client/server protocol.
RZG2L+DA16200 supports the iperf3command to measure packet transmission performance.
4.12.1 Test Setup
Install the iperf3 tool as follows:
1. Download Iperf3 from https://iperf.fr/iperf-download.php.
Note: Iperf3 Version 3.1.3 is recommended.
2. Create a foldercalled iperf3 in path C:\
3. Unzip the downloaded fileand move the contents to the iperf3 folder.
4. Use the iperf3 or iperf3 -h command to check the options availablefor iperf3.
4.12.2 iperf3 Test with Client Mode
Setup the iperf3 test for Client mode as follows:
1. Connect the server (PC/Laptop) to the AP.
2. In the CMD window, use the command ipconfig to find the IP address.
Figure 5: Check IP Address
NOTE
The IP addresscanbe differentdependingon thehome AP setting.
For stable iperf3testing, run the Windows Security APP to turn off thenetwork firewall. It is
recommended to disableall network firewalls on yourlaptop before running the test.
Figure 6: Disable Firewall for iperf3 Test

UM-WI-059
DA16200 DA16600 Linux Driver Getting Started Guide for RZ/G2L
User Manual
Revision 1.9
31-Mar-2023
CFR0012
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© 2023RenesasElectronics
3. In the CMD window, moveto the directory where iperf3 is installed, and type iperf3 -s -i1 to
configure the TCP server.
Figure 7: Run iperf3 Server on PC
NOTE
When yousee the messageasshownin Figure 7, the iperf3test is readyto start.
4. In the RZG2L+DA16200 console window, run the iperf3test with Client mode.
○For example: [/DA16200/NET] #iperf3 -c 10.0.0.1 -t 10 -i 1
–The format of the command type is:
iperf3 -c [DESTINATION IP] -i [INTERVAL TIME] -t [TEST TIME]
Figure 8: Result of iperf3 TCP Tx
5. In the CMD window, moveto the directory where iperf3is installed, and type iperf3 -s -i1 to
configure the UDP server.
6. In the RZG2L+DA16200 console window, run the iperf3test in Client mode.
○For example: [/DA16200/NET] #iperf3 -c 10.0.0.1 -t 10 -i 1 -u -b 20m
–The format of the command is: