Rohde & Schwarz ZNL6-COM User manual

R&S®ZNL
Vector Network Analyzer
Getting Started
1323286702
Version 18
(=GLÑ2)

This manual applies to the following R&S®ZNL models with firmware version 1.71
and higher:
●R&S®ZNL3, 5 kHz to 3 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors,
order no. 1323.0012K03
●R&S®ZNL4, 5 kHz to 4.5 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors,
order no. 1323.0012K04
●R&S®ZNL6, 5 kHz to 6 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors,
order no. 1323.0012K06
●R&S®ZNL14, 5 kHz to 14 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors,
order no. 1323.0012K14
●R&S®ZNL20, 5 kHz to 20 GHz, 2 ports, 3.5 mm (m) connectors,
order no. 1323.0012K20
© 2023 Rohde & Schwarz
Muehldorfstr. 15, 81671 Muenchen, Germany
Phone: [phone] - 0
Email: [email protected]
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
All other trademarks are the properties of their respective owners.
1323.2867.02 | Version 18 | R&S®ZNL
Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol, e.g.
R&S®ZNL is indicated as R&S ZNL.

Contents
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3Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
Contents
1 Safety and regulatory information....................................... 5
1.1 Safety instructions................................................................................5
1.2 Labels on R&S ZNL...............................................................................9
1.3 Warning messages in the documentation........................................ 10
1.4 Korea certification class A.................................................................10
2 Documentation overview.................................................... 11
2.1 Getting started manual....................................................................... 11
2.2 User manuals and help.......................................................................11
2.3 Service manual....................................................................................12
2.4 Instrument security procedures........................................................ 12
2.5 Printed safety instructions.................................................................12
2.6 Data sheets and brochures................................................................12
2.7 Release notes and open source acknowledgment (OSA)...............13
2.8 Application notes, application cards, white papers, etc................. 13
2.9 Calibration certificate......................................................................... 13
3 Preparing for use................................................................. 14
3.1 Lifting and carrying............................................................................ 14
3.2 Unpacking and checking....................................................................14
3.3 Choosing the operating site.............................................................. 15
3.4 Setting up the R&S ZNL..................................................................... 15
3.5 Connecting to power.......................................................................... 18
3.6 Switching on or off............................................................................. 21
3.7 Connecting to LAN............................................................................. 23
3.8 Connecting a keyboard...................................................................... 24
3.9 Connecting an external monitor........................................................24

Contents
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3.10 Windows operating system................................................................27
3.11 Logging on.......................................................................................... 29
3.12 Checking the supplied options..........................................................31
3.13 Considerations for test setup............................................................ 31
4 Instrument tour.................................................................... 33
4.1 Front panel view..................................................................................33
4.2 Rear panel view...................................................................................41
5 Trying out the instrument................................................... 49
5.1 Performing measurements................................................................ 49
5.2 Zooming into the display................................................................... 59
5.3 Saving settings................................................................................... 60
5.4 Printing and saving results................................................................62
5.5 Activating additional channel setups............................................... 63
5.6 Trying out spectrum mode.................................................................66
5.7 Performing sequential measurements..............................................74
6 Operating the instrument....................................................76
6.1 Understanding the Display Information (VNA Mode)...................... 76
6.2 Accessing the functionality............................................................... 78
6.3 Entering data....................................................................................... 83
6.4 Touchscreen gestures........................................................................85
6.5 Getting help......................................................................................... 88
7 Customer support................................................................90
7.1 Collecting information for support....................................................90
7.2 Contacting customer support............................................................92
Index..................................................................................... 93

Safety and regulatory information
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5Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
1 Safety and regulatory information
The product documentation helps you use the product safely and efficiently. Fol-
low the instructions provided here and in the following chapters.
Intended use
The product is intended for the development, production and verification of elec-
tronic components and devices in industrial, administrative, and laboratory envi-
ronments. Use the product only for its designated purpose. Observe the operating
conditions and performance limits stated in the data sheet.
Where do I find safety information?
Safety information is part of the product documentation. It warns you of potential
dangers and gives instructions on how to prevent personal injury or damage
caused by dangerous situations. Safety information is provided as follows:
●In Chapter 1.1, "Safety instructions", on page 5. The same information is
provided in many languages as printed "Safety Instructions". The printed
"Safety Instructions" are delivered with the product.
●Throughout the documentation, safety instructions are provided when you
need to take care during setup or operation.
1.1 Safety instructions
Products from the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies are manufactured
according to the highest technical standards. To use the products safely, follow
the instructions provided here and in the product documentation. Keep the prod-
uct documentation nearby and offer it to other users.
Use the product only for its intended use and within its performance limits. Inten-
ded use and limits are described in the product documentation such as the data
sheet, manuals and the printed "Safety Instructions". If you are unsure about the
appropriate use, contact Rohde & Schwarz customer service.
Using the product requires specialists or specially trained personnel. These users
also need sound knowledge of at least one of the languages in which the user
interfaces and the product documentation are available.
Safety instructions

Safety and regulatory information
R&S®ZNL
6Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
Never open the casing of the product. Only service personnel authorized by
Rohde & Schwarz are allowed to repair the product. If any part of the product is
damaged or broken, stop using the product. Contact Rohde & Schwarz customer
service at http://www.customersupport.rohde-schwarz.com.
Lifting and carrying the product
The maximum weight of the product is provided in the data sheet. To move the
product safely, you can use lifting or transporting equipment such as lift trucks
and forklifts. Follow the instructions provided by the equipment manufacturer.
Choosing the operating site
Only use the product indoors. The product casing is not waterproof. Water that
enters can electrically connect the casing with live parts, which can lead to elec-
tric shock, serious personal injury or death if you touch the casing. If
Rohde & Schwarz provides accessories designed for your product, e.g. a carrying
bag, you can use the product outdoors.
Unless otherwise specified, you can operate the product up to an altitude of
2000 m above sea level. The product is suitable for pollution degree 2 environ-
ments where nonconductive contamination can occur. For more information on
environmental conditions such as ambient temperature and humidity, see the
data sheet.
Setting up the product
Always place the product on a stable, flat and level surface with the bottom of the
product facing down. If the product is designed for different positions, secure the
product so that it cannot fall over.
If the product has foldable feet, always fold the feet completely in or out to ensure
stability. The feet can collapse if they are not folded out completely or if the prod-
uct is moved without lifting it. The foldable feet are designed to carry the weight of
the product, but not an extra load.
If stacking is possible, keep in mind that a stack of products can fall over and
cause injury.
If you mount products in a rack, ensure that the rack has sufficient load capacity
and stability. Observe the specifications of the rack manufacturer. Always install
the products from the bottom shelf to the top shelf so that the rack stands
securely. Secure the product so that it cannot fall off the rack.
Safety instructions

Safety and regulatory information
R&S®ZNL
7Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
Connecting to power
The product is an overvoltage category II product. Connect the product to a fixed
installation used to supply energy-consuming equipment such as household
appliances and similar loads. Keep in mind that electrically powered products
have risks, such as electric shock, fire, personal injury or even death.
Take the following measures for your safety:
●Before switching on the product, ensure that the voltage and frequency indica-
ted on the product match the available power source. If the power adapter
does not adjust automatically, set the correct value and check the rating of the
fuse.
●If a product has an exchangeable fuse, its type and characteristics are indica-
ted next to the fuse holder. Before changing the fuse, switch off the product
and disconnect it from the power source. How to change the fuse is described
in the product documentation.
●Only use the power cable delivered with the product. It complies with country-
specific safety requirements. Only insert the plug into an outlet with protective
conductor terminal.
●Only use intact cables and route them carefully so that they cannot be dam-
aged. Check the power cables regularly to ensure that they are undamaged.
Also ensure that nobody can trip over loose cables.
●If the product needs an external power supply, use the power supply that is
delivered with the product or that is recommended in the product documenta-
tion or a power supply that conforms to the country-specific regulations.
●Only connect the product to a power source with a fuse protection of maxi-
mum 20 A.
●Ensure that you can disconnect the product from the power source at any
time. Pull the power plug to disconnect the product. The power plug must be
easily accessible. If the product is integrated into a system that does not meet
these requirements, provide an easily accessible circuit breaker at the system
level.
Handling batteries safely
The product contains exchangeable or built-in lithium polymer or lithium ion cells
or batteries. The use of the word battery in the following always means all types.
Only the battery contents are potentially hazardous. As long as a battery is
undamaged and the seals remain intact, there is no danger.
Safety instructions

Safety and regulatory information
R&S®ZNL
8Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
Impact, shock or heat can cause damage such as dents, punctures and other
deformations. A damaged battery poses a risk of personal injury. Handle a dam-
aged or leaking battery with extreme care. Immediately ventilate the area since
the battery releases harmful gases. If you come into contact with the battery fluid,
immediately remove all contaminated clothing. Irritation can occur if the battery
fluid comes in contact with your skin or eyes. Immediately and thoroughly rinse
your skin or eyes with water and seek medical aid.
For safe handling, follow these rules:
●Do not short-circuit the battery.
●Do not mechanically damage the battery. Do not open or disassemble the bat-
tery.
●Do not expose the battery to high temperatures such as open flames, hot sur-
faces and sunlight.
●Only use the battery with the designated Rohde & Schwarz product.
●Only use the appropriate Rohde & Schwarz charger to charge the batteries. If
the batteries are improperly charged, there is a risk of explosion. For charging
and discharging temperature ranges, see the product documentation.
●Replace exchangeable batteries only with the same battery type.
●Store the battery in the product or use the product packaging.
●Dispose of exchangeable batteries separately from normal household waste
as specified by the local waste disposal agency.
If you disregard these rules, you risk serious personal injury or even death due to
explosion, fire or hazardous chemical substances. The product documentation
provides further details.
If exchangeable batteries or products with built-in batteries are defective, contact
the Rohde & Schwarz customer service. Rohde & Schwarz classifies the severity
of the defect. When returning batteries or Rohde & Schwarz products containing
batteries, use a carrier qualified to transport dangerous goods and notify the car-
rier of this classification. Follow the carrier’s transport stipulations in line with
IATA-DGR, IMDG-Code, ADR or RID.
Using headphones
Take the following measures to prevent hearing damage. Before using head-
phones, check the volume and reduce it if necessary. If you monitor varying sig-
nal levels, take off the headphones and wait until the signal has settled. Then
adjust the volume.
Safety instructions

Safety and regulatory information
R&S®ZNL
9Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
Cleaning the product
Use a dry, lint-free cloth to clean the product. When cleaning, keep in mind that
the casing is not waterproof. Do not use liquid cleaning agents.
Meaning of safety labels
Safety labels on the product warn against potential hazards.
Potential hazard
Read the product documentation to avoid personal injury or product damage.
Electrical hazard
Indicates live parts. Risk of electric shock, fire, personal injury or even death.
Hot surface
Do not touch. Risk of skin burns. Risk of fire.
Protective conductor terminal
Connect this terminal to a grounded external conductor or to protective ground. This
connection protects you against electric shock if an electric problem occurs.
1.2 Labels on R&S ZNL
Labels on the casing inform about:
●Personal safety, see "Meaning of safety labels" on page 9
●Product and environment safety, see Table 1-1
●Identification of the product, see Chapter 4.2.14, "Device ID", on page 47
Table 1-1: Labels regarding R&S ZNL and environment safety
Labeling in line with EN 50419 for disposal of electrical and electronic equipment after
the product has come to the end of its service life.
For more information, see the product user manual, chapter "Disposal".
Labeling in line with directive 2006/66/EC for disposal of batteries after they have come
to the end of their service life.
For more information, see the product user manual, chapter "Disposal".
Labels on R&S ZNL

Safety and regulatory information
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10Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
1.3 Warning messages in the documentation
A warning message points out a risk or danger that you need to be aware of. The
signal word indicates the severity of the safety hazard and how likely it will occur
if you do not follow the safety precautions.
CAUTION
Potentially hazardous situation. Could result in minor or moderate injury if not
avoided.
NOTICE
Potential risks of damage. Could result in damage to the supported product or to
other property.
1.4 Korea certification class A
이 기기는 업무용(A급) 전자파 적합기기로서 판매자 또는 사용자는 이 점을 주의하
시기 바라며, 가정외의 지역에서 사용하는 것을 목적으로 합니다.
Korea certification class A

Documentation overview
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11Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
2 Documentation overview
This section provides an overview of the R&S ZNL user documentation. Unless
specified otherwise, you find the documents at:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/ZNL
2.1 Getting started manual
Introduces the R&S ZNL and describes how to set up and start working with the
product. Includes basic operations, typical measurement examples, and general
information, e.g. safety instructions, etc.
A printed version is delivered with the instrument. A PDF version is available for
download on the Internet.
2.2 User manuals and help
Separate user manuals are provided for the base unit and the firmware applica-
tions:
●Base unit manual
Contains the description of all instrument modes and functions. It also pro-
vides an introduction to remote control, a complete description of the remote
control commands with programming examples, and information on mainte-
nance, instrument interfaces and error messages. Includes the contents of the
getting started manual.
●Firmware application manual
Contains the description of the specific functions of a firmware application,
including remote control commands. Basic information on operating the
R&S ZNL is not included.
The contents of the user manuals are available as help in the R&S ZNL. The help
offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information for the base
unit and the firmware applications.
All user manuals are also available for download or for immediate display on the
Internet.
User manuals and help

Documentation overview
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12Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
2.3 Service manual
Describes the performance test for checking the rated specifications, module
replacement and repair, firmware update, troubleshooting and fault elimination,
and contains mechanical drawings and spare part lists.
The service manual is available for registered users on the global
Rohde & Schwarz information system (GLORIS):
https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com/irj/portal/SearchDetailView?downloadContai-
nerID=484937
2.4 Instrument security procedures
Deals with security issues when working with the R&S ZNL in secure areas. It is
available for download on the internet.
2.5 Printed safety instructions
Provides safety information in many languages. The printed document is deliv-
ered with the product.
2.6 Data sheets and brochures
The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S ZNL. It also lists
the firmware applications and their order numbers, and optional accessories.
The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific
characteristics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/ZNL
Data sheets and brochures

Documentation overview
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13Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
2.7 Release notes and open source acknowledg-
ment (OSA)
The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the cur-
rent firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.
The software makes use of several valuable open source software packages. An
open-source acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the
used open source software.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/ZNL
2.8 Application notes, application cards, white
papers, etc.
These documents deal with special applications or background information on
particular topics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/ZNL
2.9 Calibration certificate
The document is available on https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com/calcert. You need
the device ID of your instrument, which you can find on a label on the rear panel.
Calibration certificate

Preparing for use
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14Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
3 Preparing for use
Here, you can find basic information about setting up the product for the first time.
●Lifting and carrying..........................................................................................14
●Unpacking and checking................................................................................. 14
●Choosing the operating site............................................................................ 15
●Setting up the R&S ZNL..................................................................................15
●Connecting to power....................................................................................... 18
●Switching on or off...........................................................................................21
●Connecting to LAN.......................................................................................... 23
●Connecting a keyboard................................................................................... 24
●Connecting an external monitor...................................................................... 24
●Windows operating system............................................................................. 27
●Logging on...................................................................................................... 29
●Checking the supplied options........................................................................ 31
●Considerations for test setup.......................................................................... 31
3.1 Lifting and carrying
The carrying handles are designed to lift or carry the instrument. Do not apply
excessive external force to the handles.
See "Lifting and carrying the product" on page 6.
3.2 Unpacking and checking
1. Unpack the R&S ZNL carefully.
2. Retain the original packing material. Use it when transporting or shipping the
R&S ZNL later.
3. Using the delivery notes, check the equipment for completeness.
Unpacking and checking

Preparing for use
R&S®ZNL
15Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
4. Check the equipment for damage.
If the delivery is incomplete or equipment is damaged, contact
Rohde & Schwarz.
3.3 Choosing the operating site
Specific operating conditions ensure proper operation and avoid damage to the
product and connected devices. For information on environmental conditions
such as ambient temperature and humidity, see the data sheet.
For safety information, see "Choosing the operating site" on page 6.
Electromagnetic compatibility classes
The electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) class indicates where you can operate
the product. The EMC class of the product is given in the data sheet.
●Class B equipment is suitable for use in:
– Residential environments
– Environments that are directly connected to a low-voltage supply network
that supplies residential buildings
●Class A equipment is intended for use in industrial environments. It can cause
radio disturbances in residential environments due to possible conducted and
radiated disturbances. It is therefore not suitable for class B environments.
If class A equipment causes radio disturbances, take appropriate measures to
eliminate them.
3.4 Setting up the R&S ZNL
The R&S ZNL is designed for use either on a bench top or in a rack, or as a port-
able instrument (with optional battery operation) in a transport bag in the field.
See also:
●"Setting up the product" on page 6
●"Intended use" on page 5
Setting up the R&S ZNL

Preparing for use
R&S®ZNL
16Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
3.4.1 Placing the R&S ZNL on a bench top
To place the product on a bench top
1. Place the product on a stable, flat and level surface.
2. CAUTION! The top surface of the product is too small for stacking. If you
stack another product on top of the product, the stack can fall over and cause
injury.
If you want to save space, mount several products in a rack.
3. CAUTION! Foldable feet can collapse. For safety information, see "Setting up
the product" on page 6.
Always fold the feet completely in or out. With folded-out feet, do not place
anything on top or underneath.
4. NOTICE! Overheating can damage the product.
Prevent overheating as follows:
● Keep a minimum distance of 10 cm between the fan openings of the prod-
uct and any object in the vicinity to provide sufficient airflow and ventila-
tion.
● Do not place the product next to heat-generating equipment such as radia-
tors or other products.
3.4.2 Mounting the R&S ZNL in a rack
To prepare the rack
1. Observe the requirements and instructions in "Setting up the product"
on page 6.
2. NOTICE! Insufficient airflow can cause overheating and damage the product.
Setting up the R&S ZNL

Preparing for use
R&S®ZNL
17Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
Design and implement an efficient ventilation concept for the rack.
To mount the R&S ZNL in a rack
1. Use an adapter kit to prepare the R&S ZNL for rack mounting.
a) Order the rack adapter kit designed for the R&S ZNL. For the order num-
ber, see the data sheet.
b) Mount the adapter kit. Follow the assembly instructions provided with the
adapter kit.
2. Lift the R&S ZNL to shelf height.
3. Grab the handles and push the R&S ZNL onto the shelf until the rack brackets
fit closely to the rack.
4. Tighten all screws in the rack brackets with a tightening torque of 1.2 Nm to
secure the R&S ZNL in the rack.
To unmount the R&S ZNL from a rack
1. Loosen the screws at the rack brackets.
2. Remove the R&S ZNL from the rack.
3. If placing the R&S ZNL on a bench top again, unmount the adapter kit from
the R&S ZNL. Follow the instructions provided with the adapter kit.
3.4.3 Portable operation
An optional carrying bag designed specifically for the R&S ZNL allows you to pro-
tect the instrument while working in the field. The bag includes ventilation areas at
the position of the ventilation outlets in the casing to ensure air circulation. The
transparent cover allows you to operate the instrument without removing it from
the bag. With the help of the optional vest holster, you can carry the R&S ZNL in
its bag and keep your hands free. Together with the optional battery pack (see
Chapter 3.5.3, "Optional battery pack", on page 20), and packed in the dedica-
ted carrying bag, the R&S ZNL is ideally suited for operation directly in the field,
even in rough environments.
Setting up the R&S ZNL

Preparing for use
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18Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
► Inspect the carrying bag for wear and tear before placing the instrument in it.
For details on optional accessories, see the R&S ZNL data sheet.
3.5 Connecting to power
There are various options to supply power to the R&S ZNL.
●The R&S ZNL is equipped with an AC power supply connector.
●The R&S ZNL can also be equipped with an optional (internal) DC power sup-
ply connector
The optional DC power supply is available with R&S FPL1-B30.
●The R&S ZNL allows for battery operation if option R&S FPL1-B31 is installed.
3.5.1 Connecting the AC power
The R&S ZNL can be used with different AC power voltages and adapts itself
automatically to it. Refer to the datasheet for the requirements of voltage and fre-
quency.
For safety information, see "Connecting to power" on page 7.
Connecting to power

Preparing for use
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19Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
To connect the AC power
1. Plug the AC power cable into the AC power connector on the rear panel of the
instrument. Only use the AC power cable delivered with the R&S ZNL.
2. Plug the AC power cable into a power outlet with ground contact.
The required ratings are listed next to the AC power connector and in the data
sheet.
For details on the connector, refer to Chapter 4.2.1, "AC power supply connection
and main power switch", on page 42.
3.5.2 Connecting an optional DC power supply
The DC power supply is available with option R&S FPL1-B30.
The R&S ZNL can also be equipped with an optional DC power supply connector.
If installed, the R&S ZNL can be operated by a DC voltage of +12 V to +24 V. For
details on the connector see Chapter 4.2.2, "Li-Ion battery packs and DC power
connector", on page 43.
If you use an external power supply unit to supply safety extra-low DC voltage
(SELV) to the instrument, be sure to meet the requirements for reinforced/double
insulation in accordance with DIN/EN/IEC 61010 (UL 3111, CSA C22.2 No.
1010.1) or DIN/EN/IEC 60950 (UL 1950, CSA C22.2 No. 950). Provide current
limitation in accordance with DIN EN 61010-1 Appendix F2.1. Use a cable no lon-
ger than 3 m.
Also see "Connecting to power" on page 7.
Connecting to power

Preparing for use
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20Getting Started 1323.2867.02 ─ 18
DC connection
► Connect the DC power connector on the rear panel of the R&S ZNL to the DC
power source using a cable as described above.
3.5.3 Optional battery pack
The optional battery pack is available with R&S FPL1-B31.
As an alternative to the fixed AC or DC power supply, the R&S ZNL also allows
for battery operation. The "Battery Pack" option comprises two Li-ion batteries
and an internal charger. The internal charger charges the batteries whenever the
instrument is connected to AC power. During operation, if neither DC nor AC
power is supplied, the R&S ZNL automatically switches to battery operation.
The battery pack can be retrofitted by Rohde & Schwarz service.
For models R&S ZNL14 and R&S ZNL20, hot-swapping a single Li-ion bat-
tery is possible. However, long-term operation with a single battery is not
supported.
For safety information, see "Handling batteries safely" on page 7.
Charging batteries
Charge the batteries before using battery operation for the first time. Following a
long storage period, it can be necessary to charge and discharge the batteries
several times to reach full capacity.
For batteries from third parties, follow the instructions provided by the manufac-
turer. For batteries manufactured by Rohde & Schwarz, observe the following:
●If inserted in the R&S ZNL, batteries are charged via the common AC or DC
power supply.
●You can also use the external battery charger R&S FSV-B34 to charge up to 4
batteries.
Connecting to power