Safetytest 1LT User manual

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
_________________________________________________________________________
SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 1 of 20
Safetytest 1LT User Manual

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
_________________________________________________________________________
SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 2 of 20
Texts, drawings and technical information were prepared with great care. However, errors
may still be present. The author and the manufacturer assume no direct or indirect liability for
any incorrect or incomplete descriptions or any damages that may occur.
The user manual should be read carefully and completely before using the tester.
Warning markings in the manual and on the clamp are meant to warn of risks or dangers.
Warning markings in the manual on the tester and on the accessories have to be adhered to
and describe the following:
General warning, warning of a danger!
See user manual!
Warning of hazardous electrical voltage!
Warning when exchanging fuses!
Warning of the risk of fire, e. g. when using improper fuses!

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
_________________________________________________________________________
SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 3 of 20
1General Safety and Warning Notes ........................................................... 5
2Application................................................................................................... 7
3Scope of Delivery and Accessories........................................................... 7
3.1 Scope of Delivery (Standard):.....................................................................................7
3.2 Accessories (optional):................................................................................................7
4Connections, Display and Keyboard......................................................... 8
4.1 Connection (Figure 2).................................................................................................9
4.2 Mains connection, Type Schuko –IEC (Figure/1) .......................................................9
4.3 Measuring terminal black „GND“ (Figure 2/2)..............................................................9
4.4 Measuring terminal red „Probe“ (Figure 2/2) ...............................................................9
4.5 Interface USB B (Figure 2/12).....................................................................................9
4.6 Test socket (Figure 2/11)............................................................................................9
4.7 Keyboard and Display (Figure 2/6, 7)........................................................................10
4.8 Display (Figure 2/5)...................................................................................................10
5Functional Description ............................................................................. 10
5.1 Power Supply............................................................................................................10
5.2 Memory.....................................................................................................................10
5.3 Interface USB ...........................................................................................................10
5.4 Bluetooth Interface....................................................................................................10
6Testing the Mains Connection ................................................................. 11
7Connection Display................................................................................... 12
7.1 AC Connection..........................................................................................................12
8Display and Menu Structure..................................................................... 12
9Taking the Tester into Operation............................................................. 12
9.1 Visual check..............................................................................................................12
9.2 Connecting the tester to the mains system ...............................................................12
9.3 Starting the test.........................................................................................................12
10 Testing Electrical Appliances .................................................................. 13
10.1 Qualification..............................................................................................................13
10.2 Mains connection......................................................................................................13
10.3 Visual inspection.......................................................................................................14
10.4 Measurements..........................................................................................................14
10.5 Functional Test.........................................................................................................14
10.6 Checking the Markings .............................................................................................14
10.7 Documentation of the test.........................................................................................14
11 Connections, Pictures, Examples............................................................ 15
11.1 Earth bond test of AC appliances..............................................................................15
11.2 Earth bond test of permanently connected equipment ..............................................15
11.3 Earth bond test of three phase equipment using two test leads.................................15
11.4 Earth bond test of three phase equipment using the extension lead adapter.............16
11.5 Accessible conductive parts not connected to PE.....................................................16
11.6 Insulation Resistance LN-PE ....................................................................................17
11.7 Insulation resistance test LN-PE of three phase equipment using the extension lead
adapter.............................................................................................................................17
11.8 Earth leakage test of AC appliances with plug ..........................................................17
12 Error messages, Removing Faults .......................................................... 18
12.1 The display remains dark..........................................................................................18
12.2 Touch current display is 0,000 mA............................................................................18
12.3 Contact current measurement larger than 0,5 mA.....................................................18
12.4 Leakage current measurement shows “F“ as a result................................................18
12.5 Bluetooth-Communication.........................................................................................18

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
_________________________________________________________________________
SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 4 of 20
13 Spare Parts................................................................................................ 18
14 Technical Data........................................................................................... 19
15 Disposal..................................................................................................... 19
16 Warranty..................................................................................................... 20

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
_________________________________________________________________________
SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 5 of 20
1 General Safety and Warning Notes
The tester “Safetytest 1LT” was built and complies with the following safety standards.
DIN EN 61010-1 (VDE 0411 part 1),
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR
MEASUREMENT, CONTROL, AND LABORATORY USE
DIN VDE 0404 parts 1 and 2,
“Geräte zum Prüfen, Messen oder Überwachen von Schutzmaßnahmen“
Immunity according to DIN EN 61326,
“Elektrische Betriebsmittel für Leittechnik und Laboreinsatz - EMV-Anforderungen“
In order to warrant the safe application of the tester the following warnings have to be
adhered to:
All tests may only be carried out by a skilled electrician or under
the supervision of a skilled electrician. The qualified person must
be trained for the specific task.
The tester subject only to its intended use. The warning markings
on the tester, the connecting cables and accessories have to be
observed.
The tester may be used only on 230V AC main systems which are
protected with max 16A circuit breakers or fuses.
Measurements may not be performed on unfused circuits.
Repairs and alterations to the tester may be carried out only by the
manufacturer or by a service organization qualified by the
manufacturer. Repairs on the supply leads or adapter cables may
be carried out only by skilled electricians.
Only original spare parts supplied by the manufacturer may be
used.
Fuses may be replaced only by the original fuses of the
manufacturer.
If a safe application is not possible, e. g. due to:
- Visual defects,
- Improper storage,
- Improper transport,
- Failure of a phase control lamp,
- Failure of measurement functions,
the tester must be decommissioned! Repair may be done only by
the manufacturer or a service organization authorised by the
manufacturer.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
_________________________________________________________________________
SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 6 of 20
Earth bond tests and touch current tests in power systems are
only allowed in specific cases and when regarding the appropriate
safety precautions.
Note that large voltages may appear on appliances during tests,
e. g. by charged capacitors.
Only connect the appliance that is being tested to the power
socket once the power system is safe!
NOTE! When connecting the appliance to mains, hazardous
voltages may occur on a defective appliance or on conductive
parts which are not connected to PE.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
_________________________________________________________________________
SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 7 of 20
2 Application
The tester “SAFETYTEST 1LT” is used for testing the electrical safety of appliances.
3 Scope of Delivery and Accessories
3.1 Scope of Delivery (Standard):
•1 probe lead red and black, 2 m
•1 power cord 1,8 m (Art.-Nr.: 0004520) - IEC 60230,16 A, 1,5 m,
•1 USB AB cable
•1 soft carrying case
•1 user manual (English) on CD (Art.-Nr.: 0019800)
•App-licence for 1 year
•Factory calibration certificate
3.2 Accessories (optional):
Artikelnummer
Brush probe 4mm red
6462270
Crocodile clamp 4mm red
6462250
VLCEE16, for testing the PE continuity and insulation of appliances
with a CEE16-400V connector
0003120
Software
Safety-Remote (database software)
0001004
Report-Master (simple protocol software for IOS, Android, Windows)
In the shop
Test-Master (Report and database app remotely ontrolling the tester,
only for Android)
im Playstore

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
_________________________________________________________________________
SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 8 of 20
4 Connections, Display and Keyboard
Bild 2

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
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SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 9 of 20
1. Main connection IEC 60320 C19
2. Connection for test probes (red/black)
3. OK LED
4. FAULT LED
5. LCD-Display
6. Setup keys (dark blue)
- Esc /Print:
When selecting: Back
When measuring: Transmit the measurement value to the Test Report
app
- Arrow keys for moving the cursor
- Enter-key for confirming the input and exiting a measurement
7. Measurement selection keys
8. LED indicating power on the test socket
9. LED for finger contact
10. Finger contact
11. Test socket
12. USB PC connection
4.1 Connection (Figure 2)
Before connecting the tester to the mains, the appropriate warnings in chapter 1 have
to be observed, as well as the warnings for connecting the leads and accessories
attached. It is safe to use the instrument for its intended use only. The testing of the
protective conductor potential takes place through using the finger contact after the
tester is connected
4.2 Mains connection, Type Schuko –IEC (Figure/1)
Mains connection of the tester. The tester may be connected only to a power system
of 230 V AC 40 –60 Hz, protected by a circuit breaker of max 16 A!
4.3 Measuring terminal black „GND“ (Figure 2/2)
Connection for the negative pole for dc voltage measurements and other two probe
measurements.
4.4 Measuring terminal red „Probe“ (Figure 2/2)
Connection for the probe for earth bond and touch current measurements. Check the
polarity when connecting the key probe.
4.5 Interface USB B (Figure 2/12)
Connection to a USB connector to communicate with the PC via a virtual Com
interface. The driver of FTDI has to be installed and is available on the CD which
comes with the tester. This took place during the installation of the software.
4.6 Test socket (Figure 2/11)
Schuko Test socket up to 16 A.
The PE connector is connected only before active measurements.
NOTE!!!
When connecting a faulty appliance to the test socket a hazardous voltage may occur when
mains is applied on accessible conductive parts not connected to the protective earth and on
the housing if the protective earth is out of order.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
_________________________________________________________________________
SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 10 of 20
4.7 Keyboard and Display (Figure 2/6, 7)
The keyboard allows an easy way to perform all tests and the display shows all
results.
4.8 Display (Figure 2/5)
The display has a resolution of 320x240 pixels and is backlit. The menus, help texts,
measurement functions, limits, measured values and quantities are displayed as text
messages.
5 Functional Description
5.1 Power Supply
The device is powered with mains (230V 10%). The electronic measurements are
supplied by an internal fuse
5.2 Memory
Measurements must be stored on the smart phone, tablet or PC The tester hasn’t
internal memory.
5.3 Interface USB
USB: The PC is connected via a USB Type AB cable.
The FTDI is installed with the PC software.
The baud rate to the PC is 19200 baud.
The interface is galvanic isolated.
The firmware of the “SAFETYTEST 1LT” may be updated easily via the USB/COM
interface. An update allows you to get the latest testing sequences and change the
display language.
5.4 Bluetooth Interface
The tester is equipped with a Bluetooth module. The following profiles are possible:
-SPP=serial port protocol, please choose this for use with the bidirectional
Android Apps (Test Master) or with a Windows software (Safety Remote).
-HID=human interface device, emulating a keyboard for use with the Protocol
Master App for iOS, Android and Windows.
Please set up the interface as follows:
-Activate Bluetooth and make the interface visible
-When pairing select the tester with the serial number displayed as SSID.
-If asked for a password enter “0000” or “8888”
-Start the app and perform the measurements indicated by the app. Transmit
each mesurement by pressing the “Print” button.
When using iOS devices the cursor must be placed inside the input field.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
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SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 11 of 20
6 Testing the Mains Connection
The person responsible for the electrical installation is responsible for the safety of the power
system to which the tester is connected.
The test of the installation is not part of the appliance test. However, it is important to know
before testing if the electrical installation is safe.
The tester does not perform a complete test as required by DIN VDE 0100.
Nevertheless a few important measurements are made giving an indication of the mains
connection, as for example:
•Testing of the protective earth potential using the finger contact
•Mains PE against N voltage < 30V.
•Check if the N conductor is open circuit (the display does not light up).
•Display of the orange phase check glow lamp if mains is on (yellow light)
•Voltage measurement phase against N (range 1 to 260V AC)
Note:
•Through touching the finger contact, it is possible to determine whether the
protective conductor is connected. This is not the case, if after touching the
finger contact the red LED lights up.
•If the mains connection is faulty a message “PE>30V!!“ is displayed on the
display. Further, the tester makes a loud beep sound. Further tests may only
be performed after the power system has been repaired.
•If N/PE are exchanged the RCD of the installation switches off
•If no display appears PE may be hazardous live. Test this using the finger
contact. Disconnect tester from the mains and check on another mains
socket. If the tester now works, get a specialist to check the faulty mains
socket.
Around an IT-network, the protective conductor is not on PE potential. If “PE>30V” appears.
If the tester is connected through an isolation transformer, the PE is missing. “PE>30V”
appears.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
_________________________________________________________________________
SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 12 of 20
7 Connection Display
In the first connection menu the mains voltage and the voltage between N and PE is
displayed.
7.1 AC Connection
NOTE!!!
•If the voltage L1 < 207 V or L1 > 253 V no proper measurements can be made. If
the message “PE>30” appears it is most probable that the PE conductor is not
connected to the mains power socket. It may also happen that the PE conductor
is connected but that it is hazardous live (test using the finger contact)! For
checking the PE conductor refer to the chapter “Mains Connection” above.
8 Display and Menu Structure
The display allows a comfortable menu based testing sequence, shows all measuring
functions, limits and values. The menu structure is documented in a separate document
“SAFETYTEST 1LT-Menu Structure”. It is kept up to date together with the software.
9 Taking the Tester into Operation
9.1 Visual check
•Observe the safety precautions of chapter 1.
•Check the mains connection, tester and accessories
•Observe all warning markings on the tester mains cord and accessories!
9.2 Connecting the tester to the mains system
The tester is supplied from the mains input.
9.3 Starting the test
All measurements may be started using the function keys.Optionally tests can be
performed using:
1. Report-Master with guided measurements
2. Test-Master controlling the tester remotely with an Android App
3. Safety-Remote controlling the tester remotely with a Windows program.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
_________________________________________________________________________
SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 13 of 20
10 Testing Electrical Appliances
The tests required by the standards have been realised by the internal testing sequences.
Before starting a test, the appliance has to be classified in the profile menu.
After repair, modification and after repetitive testing electrical appliances have to provide a
degree of safety to the user which is comparable of that of brand new appliances. Whether
the safety is given can be tested according to the applicable standard. The following tests are
to be performed in the given order. Each test step must have been passed before proceeding
to the following step:
•Visual
•Visual inspection
•Earth bond test
•For class I appliances test of the insulation resistance and or the earth leakage
current or the substitute leakage current.
•For class II equipment as well as for accessible conductive parts not connected to PE
of class I equipment, the insulation resistance and the touch current or the substitute
leakage current.
•Functional Test
Notes:
Before performing a leakage test on class I appliances the earth bond test has to be passed.
Before performing a leakage current test on class II or III (except for IT appliances) an
insulation resistance test of 500 V DC has to be passed. Accessible connections and
generated SELV voltages have to be checked according to the SELV specifications.
10.1 Qualification
High requirements are set to the qualification of the skilled electrician. All tests have
to be performed by a skilled electrician or under his supervision. The skilled
electrician must follow the rules and standards required for his work. Also it is not
allowed to omit any steps which would ensure a correct and safe use of the
appliance. The liability of the skilled person responsible for testing is especially
important if no complete test is possible (e. g. due to permanently installed
equipment). If a complete test is impossible the responsible electrician assumes the
liability and has to document this on the test report.
10.2 Mains connection
According to law the person responsible for the installation of the power system is
responsible for the mains connection, not the manufacturer of the equipment to be
connected.
The required tests on permanently installed equipment are often not possible due to
technical reasons or due to the local conditions. If the equipment is not accessible the
mains connections (L1, L2, L3, N and PE) have to be disconnected from mains.
Therefore the connection should be refitted to a plug and socket connection
according to IEC 60309-1 or a coupling should be inserted according to IEC 60309-1.
The installation costs can be amortized do to a faster safety test.
NOTE!!!
Electrical appliances with a nominal current above 16A must be connected to all pole
circuit breakers according to IEC 60947. These should be mounted at a height of
approx 1.7 m. Plugs and sockets of equipment rated above 16A may not be
connected or disconnected under load. Always open the circuit breaker first.
Equipment rated below 16A does not require a separate circuit breaker.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
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SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 14 of 20
10.3 Visual inspection
The appliances are checked for externally visible damages, and, if possible, the
suitability of the surrounding for their use e. g.:
- Damages to the housing
- Suitable place of installation
- Damages to the power cord
- Deficiencies on the strain relief
- Indications of overload or improper use
- Inappropriate alterations
- Missing protective covers
- Dirt and corrosion affecting safety
- Presence of required ventilators
- Open air vents
- Tightness
- Legibility of markings
Note:
Visible damages which might impel the mechanical or electrical safe use or which
might lead to fire must be repaired immediately.
10.4 Measurements
See menu system
10.5 Functional Test
After performing the electrical test a functional test is required. A short test may be
sufficient.
10.6 Checking the Markings
The presence of safety required markings must be checked and if necessary renewed
or completed.
10.7 Documentation of the test
The passed test has to be documented. If an appliance is unsafe, this must be
marked clearly on the appliance and the responsible body to be notified in writing.
The measurement values and alterations performed are to be documented. The
appliance should be marked by a sticker that for example states the following:
“Tested according to VDE 0701-0702 and DGUV Standards 3”.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
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SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 15 of 20
11 Connections, Pictures, Examples
11.1 Earth bond test of AC appliances
Protective conductor: Use the protective conductor probe to scan the housing parts
and move the connection cord.
11.2 Earth bond test of permanently connected equipment
For permanently connected equipment connect the tester to a neighbouring socket
outlet.
Automatic testing sequence using Test-Master and Safety-Remote,
guided testing sequence using Report-Master:
Sequence „Permanent connection“. Probe all conductive parts connected to PE.
The PE resistance is measured as a loop via the installation to the tester.
The limit value is higher than a direct measurement.
11.3 Earth bond test of three phase equipment using two test leads
Automatic sequence with the Test-Master App or Safety-Remote:
„ClI with Insulation resistance test“.
Connect a probe between the black terminal of the tester and the PE parts of the
appliance.
Probe the conductive PE parts using a probe connected to the red socket.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
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SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 16 of 20
11.4 Earth bond test of three phase equipment using the extension lead adapter
Automatic testing sequence using Test-Master and Safety-Remote,
guided testing sequence using Report-Master:
„SKI with Insulation Resistance Measurement“.
Connect the extension lead adapter to the tester and the appliance to the adapter.
Probe all conductive parts connected to PE.
11.5 Accessible conductive parts not connected to PE
Testing conductive parts not connected to PE: Use the probe to test these parts. If
there are rotating or moving parts test these in motion. The best way is to use the
optional brass brush probe. Use protective glasses.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
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SAFETYTEST GmbH
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Page 17 of 20
11.6 Insulation Resistance LN-PE
Insulation resistance LN-PE, Equivalent leakage test LN-PE:
Connect the appliance to the tester. The test is performed without powering up the
appliance.
11.7 Insulation resistance test LN-PE of three phase equipment using the
extension lead adapter
Automatic testing sequence using Test-Master and Safety-Remote,
guided testing sequence using Report-Master:
„ClI with insulation resistance measurement“.
Connect the extension lead adapter to the tester.
Connect the appliance to the adapter, Turn on the appliance
11.8 Earth leakage test of AC appliances with plug
Earth leakage test, functional test: Connect the appliance to the test socket.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
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SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 18 of 20
12 Error messages, Removing Faults
12.1 The display remains dark
Note: Possibly there is no N connection on the mains socket. Possibly one of the
fuses of the tester has blown.
12.2 Touch current display is 0,000 mA
This is no error but the safe condition.
12.3 Contact current measurement larger than 0,5 mA
Note!
Do not touch the appliance under test; there is a hazardous voltage on the accessible
parts!!!
Disconnect the appliance from mains!!!
Perform an insulation resistance measurement between the accessible conductive
parts and mains of the unit under test. While performing the insulation resistance
measurement all switches and contactors have to be closed or bridged in order to test
all parts of the isolation. The measurement value should exceed 2 M. After the
insulation resistance measurement perform a substitute leakage measurement. Then
do a touch current measurement. The current must be less than 0.5 mA.
12.4 Leakage current measurement shows “F“ as a result
The tester regards the heating power when performing the test. A value of 1 mA/kW
is established as the limit. Check the measurement value to the allowed limits.
If it exceeds the value, disconnect the unit under test from mains.
Do an insulation resistance measurement LN-PE.
All switches have to be closed, internal contactors bridged.
Also measure the capacitance between LN and PE.
Check the mains voltages with a Multimeter.
If the tester display is incorrect send it in for servicing.
12.5 Bluetooth-Communication
-The tester is not found:
Incorrect Bluetooth profile setting compare „5.4 Bluetooth Interface“
The tester is still paired with a different mobile device (smart phone, tablet PC or PC).
Unpair and retry, if still no success, restart the tester.
-Bluetooth Connection unstable:
Make sure that the energy saving for the interface is disable on the mobile device.
The distance to the mobile device must be less than 10 meters. Ensure that there are
no sources of EMC disturbance nearby (e. g. inverters, contactors)
-The HID interface does not work:
Check the settings for the hardware keyboard on the mobile device.
13 Spare Parts
ACHTUNG!!!
Observe the warnings of chapter 1!
Use only spare parts supplied by the manufacturer, see chapter 1!
The tester may be serviced only by the manufacturer or by a service shop authorised by the
manufacturer.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
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SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 19 of 20
14 Technical Data
Mains connection:
AC 230V +/- 10%.
Switching current: Mains Integrated relay 16A.
Temperature:
0°C –40°C.
Measurements (Error max. 1% of +5% of measured value):
PE conductivity (probe-PE, probe PE mains, probe-probe):
0,000 Ohm ...4,000 Ohm. OC voltage 10V, Current 200mA DC.
Insulation resistance measurement: 0,00MOhm...20,00MOhm
Open. circuit voltages 250V, 500V, Short circuit current 1,2 mA.
Equivalent leakage current: 0,00mA ...20,00 mA, Open circuit voltage approx. ca. 85 V.
Differential current: 0,00mA...20,00mA. Filter characteristic according to DIN VDE 0404 for
correct evaluation of the harmonic currents.
Contact current: 0,000mA ... 4,000mA
Voltage measurement probe-probe: 0,0V … 440V AC/DC
Phase voltage: 0,0V...260,0V
Phase current: 0,00A ... 20,00 A
Power: 0W ... 4 kW. Evaluation up to the 15th harmonic.
Power standby: 0,000W…9,999W, Current max. 50 mA
PE monitor: Voltage N-PE> 30V.
Integrated leakage current power off: Differential current > approx. 20 mA.
Differential current 0,00 … 20,00 mA
Line current: 0…20,00 A
Test sequences:
Automatic Test sequence with the Test Master app and the Safety-Remote PC software
Guided test sequence with the Report Master App.
Sequences:
SKI active or passive (with and without mains)
SKII
SKIII
Fixed connection
Extension leads with optional adapters
Interface: USB Type B for PC, Can be remote controlled.
15 Disposal
The disposal of a decommissioned tester must be carried out by the customer according to
the national regulations.

SAFETYTEST 1LT User Manual
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SAFETYTEST GmbH
1LT_BA_En_V1.0
Page 20 of 20
16 Warranty
The tester “SAFETYTEST 1LT” is subject to a strict quality assurance system.
A calibration certificate with the documentation of the test results is delivered together with
the tester.
This certificate should always be available.
The guarantee period is for 12 months after delivery. Manufacturing defects and material
defects are covered by the guarantee.
Transport costs to the manufacturer are born by the sender. For normal transports within
Germany to the customer the manufacturer pays. Special transport costs, e. g. express
delivery have to be borne by the customer.
The warranty is excluded in the following cases:
•Incorrect use, or use with an incompatible other device.
•After performing modifications to the tester without the explicit permission of the
manufacturer.
•After opening the tester without the explicit permission of the manufacturer.
•When using the tester in applications which it was not intended for or which have not
been described in the manual.
•Damages due to mechanical shock or dropping or due to water or chemicals.