Sanwa SP-6D User manual

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SP-Gp Multitester

TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
GENERAL MAINTENANCE
METER MOVEMENT PROTECTION
OPERATION
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Test
Lead
Connections
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.DC
Voltage
Measurements:
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6.
DC
Current
Measurements
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14
7.
Internal
Resistance
of
Voltage
Ranges
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Resmtance
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9.
Volume
Level
Measurements
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10.
Capacity,
Inductance
and
High
Resistance
Measurements-::-:-
28
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
1.
Schematic
Diagram
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List
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35

SANWA MULTITESTER SP-6p
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
1. Introduction.
Built of choice materials and for its dependable perfor-
mance, the §P-6p Multitester assures you of unfailing
electrical engineering service.
Functional design of the SP-6p renders it a standard
pocket-size circuit tester of rotary switching system
containing the following features:
a. The meter movement is doubly protected from
_ damage. The protection circuit electrically safeguards
the’ movement against accidental overcurrent, and
mechanically the moving element is supported by
spring-backed jewel bearings to absorb shock.
» oS me

b. The low resistance range measures 0,2 ohm at
minimum.
c. The wide scale dial admits full light for easy
reading. |
d. Ranges are readily selected by a single-control
rotary switch.
e. The battery sheaths eliminate reading error for all
types of cells, magnetic or nonmagnetic armoured.
An electric circuit tester is a precision instrument. To
avoid misuse, read this booklet carefully before you
Operate your meter.

2. Specifications. : | | j x
a. Measurement Ranges.
DC voltage: 10V 50V 250V 500V 1000V (2k a/V)
_ AC voltage: 10V SOV 250V 500V_ 1000V (2k 2/V)
DC current: 0.5mA 25mA 500mA
Resistance: Range Qx1 2x10 KQ
Midscale 202 2002 10ka
Maximum 5000 5ka 1MQ
Minimum 0.20 20, 2002
Volume level: —20~+22dB & +20~+36dB
*Capacity : 0. 0001~0. 03uF & 0.01~0. 6yF
*Inductance: 10~1000H
*High resistance: 0.1~50M0Q *Use external power.
b. Batteries. Two 1.5 volt dry cells (UM-3 or equivalent).
c. Size & weight. 132x95x40mm & 435 ¢r
d. Allowance.
DC voltage & current: Within +3 at full scale deflection
AC voltage: vw +49% at full scale deflection
Resistance: vw +39% of scale length

GENERAL MAINTENANCE .
‘
Before applying the test leads to a circuit, always
confirm
the
range
to
be
used.
Misapplication
of
an
ohm
or
current
range
for
a
voltage
measurement
will
burn
a
shunt,
resistor
or
the
rectifier
rendering
the meter out of use.
For
accurate
measurements
of
voltage
and
current,
choose
a
range
which
will
allow
the
pointer
to
fall
within
the
right
hand
half
of
the
scale.
For
instance,
1.5
and
9
volt
batteries
should
be
checked
on
the
DC
10
volt
range,
while
the
power
distribution
line
of
220
volts,
on
the
AC
250
volt
range.
Less
accu-
rate
are
the
readings
on
the
left
hand
half.
When
checking
an
unknown
voltage
or
current,
always
start
with
the
highest
range
to
safeguard
the
meter
movement
from.
getting
overloaded.
After
the
first
reading,
the
switch
can
be
reset
to
a
lower
range
for
a
more
accurate
reading.
— 5 —

Aer
.
2
He
ts
sy
a
4.
When
rotating
the
switch
for
voltage
or
cutrent
|
measurement,
disconnect
either
of
the
test
leads.
If
the
switch
is
turned
while
the
power
is
on,
the
meter
movement
can
be
damaged,
5.
Do
not
give
the
meter
severe
vibration
ot
shock.
Avoid
placing
it
in
the
direct
sun
or
where
there
is
high
temperature
or
moisture.

METER MOVEMENT PROTECTION
am
The meter movement of the $P-6p is protected from
high voltage when any measurement range is acciden-
tally loaded with a voltage below 1000 volts only by
having some resistor or the rectifier suffer burning.
Their replacement restores the meter to its normal per-
formance. The following table shows the resistors to
be burnt on account of a high voltage impressed on
each range: |
Meter range Resistor to burn Part No.
ax i 19.50 RI3
ax10 2082 R12
Ka 5KQ, 4.3K2 Rll, R10
0.5mA DC 11KQ, 21.30 R7, R8
2mA DC 21.32 R8
500mA DC 1.120 RY
10V DC 19.3KQ R5
10V AC 18.5KQ R6

OPERATION
--:—
3
|
[Yo
See
5 pisioker
1. Zero Correction
Before the meter is put to use, confirm if the pointer.
is exactly over zero of the scale. If it is off the posi-
tion, adjust it by turning the corrector screw on the
base of the scale window.
- Selectiig the Range.
Ranges are selected by rotating the selector eed
knob. Around the knob are arranged resistance a
on the top, AC voltage ranges on the right (red), D
voltage ranges on the left and DC current ae
on the bottom.
3. Test Lead Connections.
As a tule, the red lead is connected to the (+) and the -
black lead to the (—) jack. Insert them well down.
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an ae
Power
he ee,
|
“A:
DE
Voltage
Measurements.
=
=
-
Fig. 1-DC Voltage Measurement.
a. DC voltage ranges are mostly used for measurements
of batteries, B(+) power, plate, screen-grid and
cathode voltages of radio and TV sets and amplifiers.
b. The selector switch is rotated to any one of the 5
DCV positions.
c. Voltage is measured in parallel with the load.
Taking note of the polarities of the voltage to be
-measured, the red lead is applied to the positive: side
— G9 —

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of the circuit and the black lead to the negative side. A
Wrong connections deflect the pointer to the reverse
direction across zero.
j
d. Reading the scale. Use the black scale third from
the top marked DCV.mA reading it as follows:
Range | Scale line | Multiplied
' 10(V) 0— 10 1
50(V) 0— 50 1
250(V) 0—250 1
500(V) 0— 50 10
1000(V) 0— 10 100
In these circuits, the minus side of the voltage is
generally earthed or connected to the chassis. When
checking them, the black lead may be fixed to the
chassis or the earth line, and the voltage is checked
by the red lead.
For pnp transistor circuits, plus side is earthed, and
the connections of the test leads are reversed.
or
Ls.
my CTS area
. ee
ep
7

N
ev
7 7
(Vs)
Examples A. (See Fig. 2)
Voltage of: | Red lead-Black lead | Meter range
Plate of detector tube (V1) 5 — E DC 250V
Screen-grid of detector tube 6 — E DC 250V
Grid bias of power tube (V2) 7. — E DC 50V
Plate of power tube 8 aa 7 DC 250V or 500V
9 a 7 DC 250V
Screen-grid of power tube

5. AC Voltage Measurements. .
a.
Fig. 3- AC Voltage Measurement.
As shown in Examples B, AC voltage ranges are
mostly used to measure the output voltages of a
power transformer and power distribution line.
b. The connections of the test leads are same as for
¢:
DC voltage measurements, i.e., in parallel with the
power. Since alternating current is being measured,
readings are correct to which side of the voltage the
test leads are connected. |
Reading the scale. For the AC 10 volt range alone,
use the red scale fourth from the top reading the

é
figures
directly.
For
the
other
ranges,
use
the
chit
scale
marked
ACS50V
UP
reading
the
figures
as
4
follows:
Range | - Seale line sacar)
- 50(V) 0— 50 1
- 250(V) 0—250
500(V) oO— 50 oo a
1000('V ) 0—10 (Black) 100
Note. (1) In most power transformers for radio, their
secondary voltages, when unloaded, are about
10% higher than their rated values.
(2) Audio frequency voltages of up to 5kHz can
be measured without trouble, but error might
occur for higher frequencies. The meter is
calibrated for sinusoidal AC (RMS), so error
will also occur for non-sinusoidal voltages.
Examples B. (See Fig. 2)
Voltage of: | Red lead. Black lead | Meter range
1 1 AC 250V
Heater of rectifier tube (Vs) 4 4 AC 10V
Heater except rectifier tube 2 — E AC 10V
B(+) of power transformer 3 E AC 250V or 500V
r Powér distribution line |

6. DC Current Measurements.
~~
Poy
Fig. 4- DC Current Measurement.
a. Different from voltage’ measurememts, the meter
must be connected in series with the load. The test
point (x in Fig. 1) is opened and the meter is placed
in between by way of the test leads.
b. As in DC voltage measurements, take note of the
polarities of the check point for the test lead con-
nections. |
c. Reading the scale. Use the black scale third from

_
~~
the
top
in
common
with
DC
voltage
measurements,
reading
the
figures
as
follows:
Range | Scale line | Multiplied
* 0.5(mA)| 0} 50 | 0.01
f 25(mA) | 0-250 0.1
500(mA) | 0— 50 10
d. When the circuit resistance is known, it need not be
opened, but the current on R is known by dividing
the voltage between 7 and E by R figures (Ohm's
; Law). This is more efficient and practical. :
Examples C. (See Fig. 2)
Voltage of: | Red lead-Black lead | Meter range
Plate of detector tube (V1) | wOLSt'* 11 DC 2%mA
Plate of power tube (V2) 12 — 8 DC 500mA
B(+) 13 — 14 DC 500mA

7. Internal Resistance of Voltage Ranges.
Voltage is measured applying the test leads in parallel
with the load. Current energy (current consumption of.
a voltmeter) can cause the pointer to give an erroneous
reading.
Current consumption of a meter is inversely proportion-
al to its internal resistance: the bigger the resistance,
the less the current consumption, and pers aa eh the
more efficiently the meter functions.
As a rule, the internal resistance of a voltmeter is
expressed by the resistance per volt using the symbol of
Q/V. Therefore, the internal resistance of a certain
voltage range is known by the voltage value multiplied
by the Q/V of the meter. The overall internal resistance
of the SP-6p being 2000 ohms pet volt for both DC
and AC, that of the 500 volt range is 500 2000=
1,000,000 (Q), or 1 megohm.
When the plate or screen-grid voltage of a triode or
pentode of high impedance load and high amplification
factor along with small circuit current is checked by a
meter
of
small
internal
resistance,
considerable
current
-
Whi i so

oe
ae EL Sie
flows from the meter into the series load resistance of
the tube. As a consequence, there is a greater voltage
drop and the meter reads lower than the true value: the
connection of the meter upsets the circuit being checked.
The error can be minimized by the use of a meter of
high internal resistance, but unless it is infinite, some
error is inevitable even if a valve voltmeter be used
for checking such a circuit.
The internal resistance of a meter has little effect when
checking the DC voltage of B(+) power or plate and
screen-grid of a power tube because their impedances
are smaller than the meter impedance: it is the control
grid voltage that is disturbed by voltage measurement.
The internal resistance of a voltage range, is propor-
tionately bigger for higher voltages and readings are
naturally higher on them. On the other hand, the
pointer tends more towards left on account of the
decreased current, and less accurate are the readings. In
consideration of it, the voltage values of radio and TV
sets are usually given specifying the internal resistance
of the meter and its voltage ranges to be used for
their measurements.

8. Resistance Measurements.
a.
The selector switch can be rotated to any one of
the 3 résistance ranges.
Q x1 is for measurements of 0-50 ohms, Q «10 for
50-2k ohms, and KQ for 2k-1M ohms.
For an accurate measurement, use a range which
will allow the pointer to fall near the middle of, the
ohm scale.
Fig. 5- Resistance Measurement.
(Zero ohm adjustment)
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