Schäfter+Kirchhoff SK8100U3JRC User manual

SK8100U3JRC
Sample Configuration
1CCD line scan camera
SK8100U3JRC
mounted with
2Mounting bracket SK5105
3Clamping claws SK5102
4Photo lens SK1.4/50-40
(integrated focus/aperture adjustment)
2
1
3
4
Schäfter + Kirchhoff © 2015 • Line Scan Camera SK8100U3JRC Manual (07.2015) • shared_Titel_ML.indd (07.2015)
Kieler Str. 212, 22525 Hamburg, Germany • Tel: [phone] • Fax: [phone] • [email protected] •www.SuKHamburg.de
SK8100U3JRC
Color Line Scan Camera
3x 2700 pixels, 8 µm x 8 µm, 24 / 15 MHz pixel frequency
Instruction Manual
07.2015
Read the manual carefully before the initial start-up. For the content table refer to page 3.
The producer reserves the right to change the herein described specifications in case of technical advance of the product.
USB 3.0
• Robust cable connections
• Hot-pluggable
• Perfect for movable setups

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SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015) © 2015
Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
How to Use this Instruction Manual
Electricity Warning
Assembly and initial operation of the line scan camera must be carried out
under dry conditions.
Do not operate the camera if you notice any condensation or moisture in
order to avoid danger of a short circuit or static discharge!
Risk of High Power Lighting
According to the application laser or high power LED light sources might be
used. These can affect your eyesight temporarily or even cause permanent da-
mage to the eyes or skin.
Do not look directly into the light beam!
Mechanical Warning
Ensure that the scanner axis is free to move and that no obstacles are in the way
– especially fingers!
Do not place any body parts in the way of moving parts!
For typical use in a scanning application, please consider the following
warnings:
Safety Warnings
Please read the following sections of this Instruction Manual before unpacking,
assembly or use of the Line Camera System:
• The safety warnings on this page
• Introduction to the system, page 4
• Assembly and initial setup, page 6
Keep this Instruction Manual in a safe place for future reference.
!

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SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015)
© 2015
Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
How to Use this Instruction Manual................................................................................. 2
Safety Warnings .............................................................................................................. 2
Contents ......................................................................................................................... 3
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 4
1.1 Intended Purpose and Overview................................................................................................ 4
1.2 System Setup at a Glance ......................................................................................................... 4
1.3 Computer System Requirements............................................................................................... 5
1.4 SK8100U3JRC Line Scan Camera - Specifications .................................................................. 5
2 Installation and Setup ................................................................................................. 6
2.1 Mechanical Installation: Mounting Options and Dimensions..................................................... 6
2.2 Electrical Installation: Connections and I/O Signals .................................................................. 7
2.3 Software Installation................................................................................................................... 8
SK91USB3-WIN Installation
Driver Installation
SkLineScan Start-up
Initial Function Test
Camera Setup
3 Camera Control and Performing a Scan..................................................................... 10
3.1 Software: SkLineScan.............................................................................................................. 10
Function Overview: SkLineScan Toolbar
Basic Visualization of the Sensor Output
3.2 Adjustments for Optimum Scan Results.................................................................................. 12
Lens Focussing
Sensor Alignment
Gain/Offset Control Dialog
White Balance and Shading Correction
Integration Time
Synchronization of the Imaging Procedure and the Object Scan Velocity
RGB Sensors: 2D Imaging and Pixel Allocation
4 Advanced SkLineScan Software Functions ................................................................ 20
4.1 Camera Control by Commands ............................................................................................... 20
Set Commands
Request Commands
4.2 Advanced Synchronization Control.......................................................................................... 22
Advanced Trigger Functions and Sync Control Register Settings
Example Timing Diagrams of Advanced Synchronization Control
5 Sensor Information.................................................................................................... 24
Features
Block Diagram
Pin Configuration (Top View)
Example of Representative Characteristics
Electrooptical Characteristics
Glossary ........................................................................................................................ 29
CE-Conformity............................................................................................................... 31
Warranty........................................................................................................................ 31
Accessories and Spare Parts......................................................................................... 32
Contents

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1 Introduction
SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015) © 2015 Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
1.2 System Setup at a Glance
The SK line scan camera series is designed for a wide
range of vision and inspection applications in industrial
and scientific environments. The SK8100U3JRC is highly
portableandtherobustlyattached dedicated connections
enable external synchronization of the camera and the
output of data to the USB 3.0 port of the computer.
The USB 3.0 connection supplies power to the camera
and the camera is hot-pluggable, providing the greatest
degree of flexibility and mobility. The computer does not
require a grabber board, allowing a laptop to be used
when space or weight restrictions are also at a premium.
Once the camera driver and the SkLineScan®program
have been loaded from the SK91USB3-WIN CD then the
camera can be parameterized. The parameters, such as
integration time, synchronization mode or shading
correction, are permanently stored in the camera even
after a power-down or disconnection from the PC.
The oscilloscope display in the SkLineScan®program
can be used to adjust the focus and aperture settings, for
evaluating field-flattening of the lens and for orientation
of the illumination and the sensor, see 3.1 Software:
SkLineScan, p. 10.
1 Introduction
1.1 Intended Purpose and Overview
red: SK8100U3JRC scope of delivery
blue: accessories for minimum system configuration
black: optional accessories
For accessory order details see Accessories and Spare
Parts, p. 32.
Motion unit
with encoder
Synchronization
cable
USB cable
Computer
Schäfter+Kirchhoff
USB 3.0 camera driver
Schäfter+Kirchhoff
Software Development Kit
Schäfter+Kirchhoff
VI library for LabVIEW®
Line scan camera
Clamping claw
Mounting bracket
Optics (e. g. lens, focus adapter,
tube extension ring)

Note:
This camera is USB 2.0 downward compatible with following limitations:
When connected to a USB 2.0 interface, the pixel data transfer rate is limited to 20 MByte/s (i.e. 20 MHz pixel
frequency at 8bit video signal) and the line frequency is limited accordingly.
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1 Introduction
SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015)
© 2015
Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
1.3 Computer System Requirements
1.4 SK8100U3JRC Line Scan Camera - Specifications
1 Introduction
• Intel Pentium Dual Core or AMD equivalent
• RAM min. 4 GB, depending on the size of acquired images
• USB 3.0 interface. With a USB 2.0 interface, there are limitations, see footer.
• High-performance video card, PCIe bus
• Operating System Windows 7 (64 or 32-bit)
• CD/DVD drive for software installation
Sensor category CCD Color Sensor
Sensor type ILX724KA
Pixel number 3x 2700
Pixel size (width x height) 8 x 8 µm2
Pixel spacing 8 µm
Line spacing, line sequence 64 µm, red (R) - blue (B) - green (G)
Active sensor length 21.6 mm
Anti-blooming -
Integration control x
Shading correction x
Line synchronization modes Line Sync, Line Start, Exposure Start, Exposure Active
Frame synchronization x
Pixel frequency 24 / 15 MHz
Maximum line frequency 2.865 kHz
Integration time 0.01 ... 20 ms
Dynamic range 1:2000 (rms)
Spectral range 400 ... 700 nm
Video signal color 8/12 Bit digital
Interface USB 3.0
Voltage USB (500 mA)
Power consumption 2.5 W
Casing Ø65 mm x 54 mm (Case type AT2)
Objective mount M40x0.75
Flange focal length 19.5 mm
Weight 0.2 kg
Operating temperature +5 ... +45°C

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2 Installation and Setup
SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015) © 2015 Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
2 Installation and Setup
2.1 Mechanical Installation: Mounting Options and Dimensions
Casing type AT2
Mounting Options
• The best fixing point of the camera is the seat for
the mounting bracket SK5105, which is available as
an accessory.
• Four threaded holes M3x 6.5 mm provide further
options for customized brackets.
• The length and weight of the optics might be beyond
the capability of the standard mounting bracket
SK5105. For this purpose, a second mounting
bracket type SK5105-2 to hold the tube extension
ring(s) is more appropriate.
Optics Handling
• If the camera and the optics are ordered as a kit,
the components are pre-assembled and shipped
as one unit. Keep the protective cap on the lens
until the mechanical installation is finished.
• If you must handle with an open sensor or lens
surface, make sure the environment is as dust-free
as possible.
• Blow off loose particles using clean compressed air.
• The sensor and lens surfaces can be cleaned with
a soft tissue moistened with water or a water-based
glass cleaner.
Mounting bracket SK5105
Mounting system SK5105-2
for cameras with a tube
extension > 52 mm
Clamping set SK5102
Set of 4 pcs. clamping claws
incl. screws
66
50
20
16.5
3.5 6.5
10 10
36
M3 Ø3.3
Ø4.3
6
15
50.3
41.7
70
63
40
Ø 42
M4
1/4’’ 20G
6
36
Ø 42
70
3.5 31.5
25
10
3.5
70
63
40
1/4’’20G
M4
Ø4.3
Hex socket head screw
DIN 912–M3x12
Clamping claw
Pixel 1
M3 (4x)
depth 6.5 mm
61.5Ø65
M40x0.75 2.5 6
FFL
41.7
Ø42
12.7
Lens mount: M40x0.75
Seat for bracket: Ø42 mm
Flange focal length: FFL = 19.5 mm
CCD-Sensor
AT2

1
3
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2 Installation and Setup
SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015)
© 2015
Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
2.2 Electrical Installation: Connections and I/O Signals
1Data and power
USB 3.0 socket type µB with threaded holes for locking screws
Power: 2.5 W
All Schäfter + Kirchhoff USB 3.0 line scan cameras can be operated with a USB 2.0 interface. Note that there might
be limitations in terms of the maximum data transfer rate and the power supply. The details for your camera can be
found in section 1.4 Line Scan Camera - Specifications, p. 5.
2 Installation and Setup
• The USB 3.0 interfaceprovides data transfer, camera controland power supply capabilities to theSK8100U3JRC
line scan camera. If you want to operate the camera in Free Run (SK Mode 0) trigger mode the USB3.0 cable
is the only connection you have to make.
• For any kind of synchronized operation, the external trigger signal(s) have to be wired to socket 2. A frame
synchronization signal and two separate line synchronization signals can be handled. The various trigger
modes are described in section Synchronization of the Imaging Procedure and the Object Scan Velocity,
p. 17
2
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1112
2
1
3
4
5
6
Synchronization
Socket: Hirose series 10A, male 6-pin
2
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1Line Sync B 4NC
2NC 5Line Sync A
3Frame Sync 6GND
Line Sync A/B and Frame Sync: TTL levels
3Status indicator
off no power, check the USB link for a fault.
red power on
green power on, firmware is loaded, camera is ready
External synchronization cable SK9026.x
Use this cable to feed external synchronization signals
into socket 2.
Connectors:
Hirose plug HR10A, female 6pin (camera side)
Phoenix 6 pin connector incl. terminal block
Cable length:
3.0 m SK9026.3
5.0 m SK9026.5
USB 3.0 cable SK9020.x
For connecting socket 1with the PC or USB hub.
Cable length:
3.0 m SK9020.3 (standard)
5.0 m SK9020.5

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2 Installation and Setup
SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015) © 2015
Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
2.3 Software Installation
SK91USB3-WIN Installation
1. Power on the PC and insert the SK91USB3-WIN
CD to the disk drive.
2. The autostart function will launch the setup
program automatically. If it is deactivated, start the
setup.exe in the root folder of the CD manually.
3. Follow the display instructions and finish the
installation of the software package
SK91USB3-WIN.
Driver Installation
1. Connect the camera to a USB 3.0 connector of the
PC. The camera status indicator (LED) will indicate
the correct power supply for the camera with a red
light. No red light means there is a USB interface
failure, e.g. a faulty connector or cable.
2. The Windows operating system will detect a new
USB device and the Hardware Assistant will guide
you through the installation process.
3. Advise the Hardware Assistant to look for the best
driver on the local PC.
4. Navigate to the folder \Program Files (x86)\SK\
SK91USB3-WIN\Driver.
5. For a 64 bit operating system click on the subfolder
"x64", for a 32 bit system click on "x86".
6. Carry on with automatic driver installation. Ignore
missing driver signature.
SkLineScan Start-up
• Start SkLineScan. A start-up dialog box pops up and
displays the connected cameras that have been
automatically detected.
SkLineScan start-up dialog
• Ensure the displayed camera type is identical with
the connected line scan camera. If necessary shut
down the program, disconnect the camera and wait
a few seconds. Then reconnect the camera and start
SkLineScan once again.
• The start-up dialog also indicates the active USB
standard. The optimum performance is provided by
USB 3.0.
• The camera LED should now light up green.
Initial Function Test
• Quit the SkLineScan startup dialog box.
• Select "OK" in the SkLineScan start-up dialog.
The oscilloscope display showing the current brightness
versus the pixel number indicates the correct
installation.
Line scan in oscilloscope display (brightness vs.
pixel number)
(Basic Visualization of the Sensor Output, p. 11)
Camera Setup
SkLineScan setup dialog
For changing bit depth or pixel frequency the Setup
dialog must be started from the star-up dialog by pressing
the Setup button.
The default setting for the pixel frequency is the maximum
value. The lower value is perferable e.g. when in USB 2.0
mode. In case of USB 2.0 mode 8 bit bit depth is recom-
mended. The USB 2.0 mode can be caused by connecting
the camera in a USB 2.0 connector or from an unsuitable
cable.
• The PC hardware requirements are listed in section 1.3 Computer System Requirements, p. 5
• See section 2.2 Electrical Installation: Connections and I/O Signals, p. 7. prior to software installation.
• This section focusses on driver installation and initial operation of the camera. For a comprehensive description
of the software package, see the separate SK91USB3-WIN software manual.
2 Installation and Setup

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SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015)
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3 Camera Control and Performing a Scan
SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015) © 2015 Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
3 Camera Control and Performing a Scan
Function Overview: SkLineScan Toolbar
1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
SkLineScan: Toolbar
1New line scan. All open "Signal window" windows will be closed. [F2]
3"USB Camera Control" dialog for parameter settings: integration time, line frequency, synchronization
mode, thresholding
4567 Zooming in and out, separately for x- and y-achsis - applicable in "Signal window".
In "Area Scan" view only 4and 5are available and will scale both axis proportionally.
8New line scan. "Area Scan" windows will be closed, "Signal window" windows will remain open. [F2]
9"Shading Correction" dialog to adjust the white balance [Alt+ s]
10 "Gain/Offset Control" dialog, also commands input [Shif+F4]
For additional functions see the SK91USB3-WIN software manual.
Start the SkLineScan program.
• The most common functions of the line scan camera
can be controlled by dialog boxes.
• Commands for comprehensive camera functionality
can be entered in the "Camera Gain / Offset Control"
dialog.
• For a guide on how to carry out imaging and how to
work with the obtained data with the Schäfter +
Kirchhoff software package, see the SK91USB3-WIN
software manual.
The SkLineScan program recognizes the connected line
scan cameras automatically.
• If the SK8100U3JRC camera is identified correctly
confirm with "OK". The "Signal window" graphicaly
showing the intensity signals of the sensor pixels
(oscilloscope display) will open. It is responsive in
real-time, and the zoom function can be used to
highlight an area of interest. The oscilloscope display
is ideally suited for parameterizing the camera, for
evaluating object illumination, for focussing the
image or for aligning the line scan camera correctly.
Basic Visualization of the Sensor Output, p. 11
3.1 Software: SkLineScan
SkLineScan: About dialog

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3 Camera Control and Performing a Scan
SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015)
© 2015
Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
Basic Visualization of the Sensor Output
Signal Window / Oscilloscope Display
The signal window plots the digitalized brightness profile as signal intensity (y-axis) versus the sensor length (x-axis)
at a high refresh rate. The scaling of the y-axis depends on the resolution of the A/D converter: The scale range is
from 0 to 255 for 8-bits and from 0 to 4095 for 12-bits. The scaling of the x-axis corresponds with the number of
pixels in the line sensor.
Line scan in oscilloscope display (brightness vs. pixel number)
Zoom Function 4567
For high numbers of sensor pixels, the limited number of display pixels might be out of range, in which case the
zoom function can be used to visualize the brightness profile in detail. Magnification of one or several sections of
the signal allows individual pixels to be resolved for a detailed evaluation of the line scan signal.
Window Split Function 11
The signal window can be split horizontally into two sections. Use the split handle at the top of the vertical scroll bar
and afterwards arrange the frames with the zoom buttons in the toolbar.
Split signal window. The upper frame shows a magnified section of the lower frame.
11

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3 Camera Control and Performing a Scan
SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015) © 2015
Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
3.2 Adjustments for Optimum Scan Results
• Lens focussing
• Sensor alignment
• Gain/Offset
• Shading correction
• Integration time
• Synchronization of the sensor exposure and
the object surface velocity, trigger mode
options
Prior to a scan, the following adjustments and parameter settings should be considered for optimum scan
signals:
Start with the signal window / oscilloscope display. Any changes in the optical system or camera parameters
are displayed in real-time when using an open dialog box.
Lens Focussing
To focus a line scan camera, the variations in edge steepness at dark/bright transitions and the modulation of the
line scan signal are desisive.
• Adjust the focus using a fully opened aperture to restrict the depth of field and to amplify the effects of focus
adjustments.
• A fully open aperture might cause a too high a signal amplitude, in which case the integration time should be
shortened, as described in Integration Time, p. 16.
Out of focus: edges are indistinct, signal peaks
blurred with low density modulation
Optimum focus: dark-bright transitions are
sharp edged, highly modulated signal peaks
with high frequency density variations
3 Camera Control and Performing a Scan

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3 Camera Control and Performing a Scan
SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015)
© 2015
Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
Sensor Alignment
If you are operating with a linear illumination source, check the alignment of the illumination source and the sensor
prior to a shading correction, as rotating the line sensor results in asymmetric vignetting.
Sensor and optics rotated in apposition Sensor and optics aligned
Gain/Offset Control Dialog
Cameras are shipped prealigned with gain/offset factory settings. Open the "Gain/Offset Control" dialog [Shift+F4]
to re-adjust or customize settings.
Gain/Offset Control dialog
The gain/offset dialog contains up to 6 sliders for altering gain and offset. The number of active sliders depends on
the individual number of adjustable gain/offset channels of the camera.
The 'Camera Control' frame on the right is used for commands and advanced software functions. (4.1 Camera
Control by Commands, p. 20)
2. Adjust channel 1 gain
and minimize difference
between channels
using Gain slider
1. Adjust channel 1 zero
level and minimize diffe-
rence between channels
using Offset slider
Offset and gain adjustment for more than one gain/offset channel
Adjustment principle
1. Offset
To adjust the zero baseline of the video signal, totally
block the incident light and enter "00" (volts) for channel 1.
For a two- or multi-channel sensor minimize any diffe-
rences between the channels by adjusting the other
Offset sliders.
A slight signal noise should be visible in the zero baseline.
2. Gain
Illuminate the sensor with a slight overexposure in order
to identify the maximum clipping. Use the Gain slider "1"
to adjust the maximum output voltage.
For a two- or multi-channel sensor minimize any diffe-
rences between the channels by adjusting the other Gain
sliders.
For the full 8-bit resolution of the camera, the maximum
output voltage is set to 255 and for 12-bit is set to 4095.

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3 Camera Control and Performing a Scan
SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015) © 2015
Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
White Balance and Shading Correction
Shading Correction compensates for non-uniform illumination, lens vignetting as well as any differences in pixel
sensitivity. The signal from a white homogeneous background is obtained and used as a reference to correct each
pixel of the sensor with an individual factor, scaled up to the intensity maximum (255 at 8-bit resolution and 4095 at
12-bit) to provide a flat signal. Shading correction with a balanced RGB sensitivity ensures a natural color reading.
The reference signal is stored in the Shading Correction Memory (SCM) of the camera and subsequent scans are
normalized using the scale factors from this white reference.
Step 1: Gain Adjustment
• Use a homogeneous white object, e.g. a white sheet of paper, to acquire RGB line signals.
Color line signal with separated RGB curves
• Open the "Gain/Offset Control" dialog. Use the gain sliders to adjust all three curves to the same level. Some
camera models provide two gain/offset channels - thus two sliders - per color.
"Gain/Offset Control" Dialog
Color line signal with RGB curves after Gain Adjustment
3 Camera Control and Performing a Scan

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3 Camera Control and Performing a Scan
SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015)
© 2015
Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
A Obtaining shading correction data
from a white homogeneous
background
• Open the Shading Correction dialog
(Alt+s).
Use the entries in the left column to obtain
shading correction reference data from a
white homogeneous background.
• Use a homogeneous white object to acquire
the reference data, e.g. a white sheet of
paper.
• Either take a 2-dimesional scan ("Area Scan
Function" [F3] ) or
use a single line signal that was averaged
over a number of single line scans.
• To suppress any influence of the surface
structure, move the imaged object during
the image acquisition.
• Input the scale range:
Minimum in %: intensity values lower than
“Minimum” will not be changed.
A typical appropriate value is 10% of the full
intensity range, i.e. 26 (= 10% · 255) for an 8-bit
intensity scale.
Maximum in %: target value for scaling
A typical appropriate value is 90% of the full
intensity range. The result will be a homogeneous
line at 230 (= 90% 255) for an 8-bit intensity scale.
• Click on button New Reference
• Click on Save SCM to Flash to save the SCM
reference signal in the flash memory of the camera
B Analytic compensation of
natual lens vignetting
• Open the Shading Correction dialog (Alt+s).
Use the entries in the middle column to calculate
the reference data basing on the imaging setup.
• Enter the parameters focal length (FL), sensor
length (SL) and field of view (FOV) according to your
setup.
The implemented algorithm will compensate the
natural lens vignetting.
• Click on Save SCM to Flash to save the SCM
reference signal in the flash memory of the camera
Step 2: Originating the Shading Correction Data
The shading correction refrence data that is stored in the shading correction memory (SCM) can be originated in
two manners:
Shading Correction dialog
Parameters for correction of natural lens vignetting:
FL = Focal Length of the lens in mm
SL = Sensor Length in mm
FOV = Field Of View in mm
Color line signal with separated RGB
curves after Gain Adjustment and
Shading Correction
Save SCM to Flash Save the SCM reference signal in the flash memory
of the camera
ON Activate Shading Correction with the reference
signal which is stored in the SCM.
OFF Switch off Shading Correction. The Shading
Correction is not retained in camera flash memory
at the next start – even if the SCM data has already
been saved into the flash memory previously.
Load File to SCM A stored reference signal will be loaded in the SCM
of the camera. If the load process completes then
the Shading Correction is active.
Once the reference signal is copied from
the shading correction memory (SCM) to
the camera flash memory it will persist
even after a power down.
On a re-start, this data will be restored
from the flash memory back to the SCM.
The current shading correction status -
active or not active - is also retained on
power down.

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SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015) © 2015
Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
Integration Time
The range of intensity distribution of the line scan signal
is affected by the illumination intensity, the aperture
setting and the camera integration time. Conversely, the
aperture setting influences the depth of field as well as
the overall quality of the image and the perceived illumi-
nation intensity.
The line scan signal is optimum when the signal from the
brightest region of the object corresponds to 95% of the
maximum gain. Full use of the digitalization depth (256 at
8-bit, 4096 at 12-bit) provides an optimum signal sensi-
tivity and avoids over-exposure (and blooming).
A camera signal exhibiting insufficient gain: the
integration time is too short as only about 50%
of the B/W gray scale is used.
Optimized gain of the camera signal after incre-
asing the integration time, by a factor of 4, to
95% of the available scale.
• Open the "USB Camera Control" dialog.
SkLineScan USB Camera Control dialog
• The integration time can be set by two vertical sliders
or two input fields in the section "Integration time" of
this dialog. The left slider is for a corser the right for
finer adjustments.
• The current line frequency is displayed in the Line
Frequency status field.
• The adjustment of the integration time in the range of
Integration Control (shutter) with an integration time
shorter than the minimum exposure period does not
change the line frequency. This will be held at
maximum.
• The 'Default' button sets the integration time to the
minimum exposure period in respective of the
maximum line frequency.
• 'Reset' restores the start values.
• 'Cancel' closes the dialog without changes.
• 'OK' stores the integration time values and closes the
dialog.
• For synchronization settings see Synchronization of
the Imaging Procedure and the Object Scan
Velocity, p. 17.
Shading Correction Memories and API Functions
As an alternative to the user dialog, a new shading correction reference signal can also be created by using appli-
cation programming interface (API) functions. The relationshhip between the storage locations and the related API
functions are shown in the diagram below. The API functions are included in the SK91USB3-WIN software package.
See the SK91USB3-WIN manual for details.
Structure of the shading correction memories and the related API functions for memory handling
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The optimum object scan velocity is calculated from:
WP·fL
VO=
ß
If the velocity of the object carrier is not adjustable
then the line frequency of the camera must be adjusted
to provide an image with the correct aspect ratio,
where:
VO·ß
fL=
WP
VO= object scan velocity
WP= pixel width
fL= line frequency
S= sensor length
FOV = field of view
ß= magnification
= S / FOV
Synchronization of the Imaging Procedure and the Object Scan Velocity
• A two-dimensional image is generated by moving either the object or the camera. The direction of the translation
movement must be orthogonal to the sensor axis of the CCD line scan camera.
• To obtain a proportional image with the correct aspect ratio, a line synchronous transport with the laterally
correct pixel assignment is required. The line frequency and the constant object velocity have to be adapted to
each other.
• In cases of a variable object velocity or for particular high accuracy requirements then an external synchroni-
zation is necessary. The various trigger modes are described below.
Example 1:
Calculating the object scan velocity for a given field of view and line frequency:
Pixel width = 8 µm
Line frequency = 2.865 kHz
S= 21.6 mm
FOV = 40 mm
8µm · 2.865 kHz
VO=
(21.6 mm / 40 mm)
= 42 mm/s
Example 2:
Calculating the line frequency for a given field of view and object scan velocity:
Pixel width = 8 µm
Object scan velocity = 40 mm/s
S= 21.6 mm
FOV = 40 mm
40 mm/s · (21.6 mm / 40 mm)
fL=
8µm
= 2.7 kHz
3 Camera Control and Performing a Scan
FOV
S
V0
Pixel #1
Pixel #1
WP/ ß
CCD Sensor
Scan Object

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The synchronization mode determines the timing of the line scan. Synchronization can be either performed inter-
nally or triggered by an external source, e.g. an encoder signal.
The line scan camera can be externally triggered in two different ways:
1. Line-triggered synchronization:
Each single line scan is triggered by the falling edge of a TTL signal supplied to LINE SYNC A input.
The SK8100U3JRC line scan camera facilitates advanced synchronization control by a second trigger
input LINE SYNC B. For a detailed description see 4.2 Advanced Synchronization Control, p. 22
2. Frame-triggered synchronization:
A set of lines resulting in a 2-dimensional frame or image is triggered by the falling edge of a TTL signal
on FRAME SYNC input.
Schäfter + Kirchhoff differentiates several trigger modes identified by a number, which can be selected in
the control dialog as appropriate.
• Open the 'Camera Control' dialog [F4] to configure
the synchronization. The trigger mode settings are
available in the middle frame.
• Frame- and line-triggered synchronization can be
combined. Tick the 'Frame Sync' box to activate the
frame synchronization mode.
• The Trigger Control stage is followed by a Trigger
Divider stage inside the camera. Enter the division
ratio into the 'Divider' field.
Free Run / SK Mode 0
The acquisition of each line is internally synchronized (free-running) and the next scan is started automatically on
completition of the previous line scan. The line frequency is determined by the programmed value.
LineStart / SK Mode 1
Initiated by the external trigger and the currently exposed line will be read out at the next internal line clock. The start
and duration of exposure are controlled internally by the camera and are not affected by the trigger. The exposure
time is programmable and the trigger does not affect the integration time. The line frequency is determined by the
trigger clock frequency.
Restriction: The period of the trigger signal must be longer than the exposure time.
ExposureStart / SK Mode 4 (only available when camera supports integration control)
A new exposure is started exactly at the time of external triggering and the current exposure process will be inter-
rupted. The exposure time is determined by the programmed value. The exposed line will be read out with the next
external trigger. The trigger clock frequency determines the line frequency.
Restriction: The period of the trigger signal must be longer than the exposure time.
ExposureActive / SK extSOS (Mode 5)
The exposure time and the line frequency are controlled by the external trigger signal. This affects both the start of
a new exposure (start-of-scan pulse, SOS) and the reading out of the previously exposed line.
FrameTrigger / SK FrameSync
The frame trigger synchronizes the acquisition of a 2D
area scan. The individual line scans in this area scan can
be synchronized in any of the available line trigger modes.
The camera suppresses the data transfer until a falling
edge of a TTL signal occurs at the FRAME SYNC input.
The number of lines that defines the size of the frame
must be programmed in advance.
FRAME SYNC
LINE SYNC
Video
Video Valid
Data transmission
Combined frame and line synchronization
USB Camera Control dialog

CCD Sensor
Scan
Object
FOV
V0
WP/ ß
WL/ ß
Pixel #1
Pixel #1
S
VO:object scan velocity
WP:pixel width = pixel height HP
(for sensors with square pixels)
WL:line spacing
S: sensor length
FOV: field of view
ß: magnification = S / FOV
GR
B
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The three lines of the implemented triple line sensor are
sensitive for the primary colors red (R), green (G) and blue
(B). For the spectral sensitivity characteristics see 25.
The pixel width Wpis 8µm, the line spacing WLis 64 µm.
which is 8 times the pixel width.
During object travel, an object point reaches the red line
sensor first. If the object is translated by one pixel height
per clock pulse then after 8lines the green pixels are
exposed. After another 8lines then the blue pixels have
been covered and all color information has been acquired.
RGB Sensors: 2D Imaging and Pixel Allocation
A
B
Monochrome font pattern
Aline synchronous object transport
Basynchronous transport of the object
causes color convergence aberration
The Camera SK8100U3JRC provides the red (R), green
(G) and blue (B) informations sequentially in one single
video output signal.
The color information originating from the different parts
of the object is stored in the buffer of the PC and subse-
quently reallocated correctly.
Generating the color information of object
locations for display
line scan 17
object location no. 1 2 3 ... 2700
RGB RGB RGB ... RGB
PC memory of camera data
column no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ... 8100
line no.
1 R G B R G B R G B ... R G B
...
9 R G B R G B R G B ... R G B
...
17 R G B R G B R G B ... R G B
...
Triple line sensors require a precise synchronous trans-
lation of the object for the correct allocation of pixels.
Also the transport direction has to conform to the
sequence of the line acquisition: First red (R) then blue (B)
and green (G).
When these conditions are not met then images with
color convergence aberrations are generated.
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4 Advanced SkLineScan Software Functions
SK8100U3JRC Instruction Manual (07.2015) © 2015 Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH • Hamburg
4 Advanced SkLineScan Software Functions
In addition to user dialog inputs, the SkLineScan software also provides the option to adjust any camera settings,
such as gain, offset, trigger modes, by sending control commands directly.
Similarly, current parameters, as well as specific product information, can be read from the camera using the request
commands. All set and request commands are listed in the tables below.
• The commands are entered in the 'Input' field in the 'Camera Control' section of the "Camera Gain/Offset
Control" user dialog, [Shift+F4].
• In the 'Output' field either the acknowledgement of the set commands (0 = OK, 1 = not OK) or the return values
of the request commands are output.
The parameter settings are stored in the non-volatile flash memory of the camera and, thereby, are available for
subsequent use and a rapid start-up, even after a complete shut down or loss of power.
Gain/Offset Control dialog: Camera Control input and output in the right section
4.1 Camera Control by Commands