Seagate Decathlon 850 User manual

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Decathlon 850
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ATA Interface Drive
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Product Manual
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Decathlon 850
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ATA Interface Drive
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Product Manual
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© 1995 Seagate Technology, Inc. All rights reserved
Publication Number: 36326-001, Rev. A, July 1995
Supersedes Publication Number 36279-
xxx
Seagate, Seagate Technology and the Seagate logo are registered
trademarks of Seagate Technology, Inc. Decathlon is a trademark of
Seagate Technology, Inc. Other product names are trademarks or reg-
istered trademarks of their owners.
Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product offerings
or specifications. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any
form without written permission from Seagate Technology,Inc.

Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.0 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1 Formatted capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1.1 Standard configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 528-Mbyte capacity barrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Physical organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Functional specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.5 Physical dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.6 Seek time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.7 Start and stop times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.8 Typical power-up and power-down sequence . . . . . . . . . 6
1.8.1 Power-up sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.8.2 Power-down sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.8.3 Auto-park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.9 Power specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.9.1 Power consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.9.2 Voltage tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.9.3 Input noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.10 Environmental specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.10.1 Ambient temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.10.2 Temperature gradient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.10.3 Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.10.4 Relative humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.10.5 Shock and vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.11 Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.12 Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.13 Agency listings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.14 FCC verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.0 Configuring and mounting the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.1 Handling and static-discharge precautions . . . . . . . . . . 15
Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995 iii

2.2 I/O connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.3 Power connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.4 Options jumper block (J8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.4.1 Spare jumpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.4.2 Master/slave configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.4.3 Master/slave timing protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.4.4 Dual-drive emulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.4.5 Remote LED connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.4.6 Cable-select option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.5 Mounting the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.0 ATA interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.1 ATA interface connector pin assignments . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.2 Command set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.1 Identify Drive command (ECH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.2 Set Features command (EFH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.2.3 Sleep command (99H, E6H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Appendix. Timing diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
iv Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995

Figures
Figure 1. Typical startup current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 2. ATA interface connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 3. Type A connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 4. Type A configuration settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 5. Type B connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 6. Type B configuration settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 7. Connecting cable-selected devices . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 8. Mounting dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 9. ATA interface connector pin assignments . . . . . . 26
Figure 10. Programmed I/O timing without IORDY . . . . . . . 35
Figure 11. Programmed I/O timing with IORDY . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 12. Multiword DMA timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995 v

Introduction
This manual describes the functional, mechanical and interface specifi-
cations for the Decathlon 850 hard disc drive. The drive is referred to
throughout this manual by its model number, ST5850A.
The ST5850A is a high-capacity, high-performance, energy-efficient
drive that comes in the mini 3.5-inch form-factor. It is capable of meeting
the needs of PCI, VL, ISA and EISA bus computers.
The drivefeatures FastATA-2 performance. It supports PIOmode4 and
multiword DMA mode 2 transfer modes and multiple block read/write.
When the host chooses either of these modes, the drive is capable of
burst transfer rates of up to 16.6 Mbytes per second. Multiple block
read/write allows the drive to gather several blocks of data in cache and
transfers them in a single burst.
The interface is supported with a 256-Kbyte segmented cache and
embeddedservotechnology.Thesegmentedcacheaidstheflowofread
and write data. The embedded servo allows for accurate positioning of
the heads over the data and eliminates periodic thermal recalibration to
assure data transfer without interruption.
Energy-saving features are designed into the ST5850A drive. The drive
complies with the ATA interface specifications for Active, Idle and
Standby power modes. Power-saving modes are entered upon request
by the computer. Standbymode reducesthe drive’s powerconsumption
to a typical 1 watt while retaining drive accessibility. (A complete listing
of the ATA commands the drive supports is found on pages 27 and 28.
ATA commands and features with specific applications for the drive are
discussed in Section 3.0 on page 25.)
Decathlon drives conform to the standard 3.5-inch footprint but have a
0.75-inch (19-mm) high profile. The lower height gives the designer or
integrator more room for air circulation, other peripherals or a smaller
drive bay.
The following is a summary of the drive’s features:
Capacity
•854 Mbytes formatted
•LBA translation support
•Dual-drive emulation, which turns the drive into two logical drives for
DOS computers that limit the drive’s capacity to 528 Mbytes
•Available installation software to surpass the 528-Mbyte barrier im-
posed by some BIOSs
Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995 1

•Available software driver that provides expanded 32-bit disk access
support for Windows
Performance
•Multiword DMA modes 0, 1 and 2 and PIO modes 0,1, 2, 3 and 4
•Multiple block read/write
•5,400-RPM rotational speed
•256-Kbyte segmented buffer
•12-msec average seek time
Energy efficiency
•Implements an ATA-compliant power-management system using Ac-
tive, Idle and Standby modes
•1 watt typical power dissipation rating in Standby mode
Acoustics
•30-dBA typical idle acoustic sound pressure level
Mini 3.5-inch form-factor
•19-mm-high profile
•Fits standard 3.5-inch footprint
2 Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995

1.0 Specifications
The Seagate ST5850A comes with either of two printed circuit boards.
The drivesare referred to as Type Aand TypeB throughout this manual.
This specification applies to both drives unless otherwise noted.
1.1 Formatted capacity
Decathlon drives are low-level formatted at the factory. You do not need
to low-level format them.
You can operate the drive using many different address configurations,
provided the number of sectors per track does not exceed 63. The
following tables show CHS and LBA translation geometries for standard
and dual-drive emulation configurations. You can verify the parameters
using the Identify Drive (ECH) command.
1.1.1 Standard configuration
ST5850A CHS LBA
Cylinders 1,656 N/A
Heads 16 N/A
Sectors 63 N/A
Total sectors 1,669,248 1,669,260
Formatted capacity (Mbytes1) 854.7 854.7
1.2 528-Mbyte capacity barrier
Computers using some BIOSs impose a 528-Mbyte barrier on the hard
disc drive. The BIOS in these systems use a CHS addressing scheme
that does not acknowledge more than 1,024 cylinders in the translation
geometry. To access the ST5850A’s entire capacity, you must:
•Use a BIOS that acknowledges more than 1,024 cylinders or uses
LBA addressing
•Use a host adapter that accepts more than 528 Mbytes
•Use dual-drive emulation
•Use a software driver that surpasses the 528-Mbyte barrier to install
the drive
1. One Mbyte equals one million bytes.
Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995 3

1.2.0.1 Dual-drive emulation configuration
Dual-drive emulation is a jumper setting on the options jumper block—
see Figure 3 on page 18 for Type A drives or Figure 4 on page 20 for
Type B drives—that allows you to configure the drive as two logical
drives. Each logical drive is assigned a drive type in CMOS and is
partitioned and formatted. When dual-drive emulation is used, a second
physical drive cannot be used on the controller.
ST5850A CHS LBA
Cylinders 827 N/A
Heads 16 N/A
Sectors 63 N/A
Total sectors 833,616 834,374
Formatted capacity (Mbytes) 426.8 427.2
1.2.0.2 Available software driver
The ST5850A is available with a software driver to surpass the 528-
Mbyte barrier. Ask your Seagate representative for more information.
1.3 Physical organization
ST5850A
Read/write heads 4
Discs 2
4 Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995

1.4 Functional specifications
ST5850A
Interface ATA
Zone Bit Recording method RLL (1,7)
External data burst transfer rate:
DMA mode 2 (Mbytes per sec) 16.62
PIO mode 4 (Mbytes per sec) 16.63
Internal data-transfer rate
(Mbits per sec) 32.45 to 61.65
Spindle speed (RPM) 5,376 ±0.5%
Cache size (Kbytes) 256
Physical cylinders 4,085
Bytes per sector 512
Recording density, max (BPI) 69,355
Track density (TPI) 4,250
1.5 Physical dimensions
The mounting dimensions are shown in Figure 8 on page 24.
Height (max) 0.748 inches (19.0 mm)
Width (max) 4.00 inches (101.6 mm)
Depth (max) 5.00 inches (127.0 mm)
Weight 1.0 lb (0.45 Kg)
2. See Figure 12 on page 37 for timing specifications.
3. See Figure 11 on page 36 for timing specifications.
Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995 5

1.6 Seek time
Seek time is the interval between the time the actuator begins to move
and the time the head has settled over the target track. Seek time is a
statistical average of at least 10,000 measurements of seek time. All
measurements for maximum values are taken under nominal conditions
of temperature and voltage with the drive mounted horizontally. The
specifications in the table below are defined as follows:
•Track-to-track seek time is the average of all possible single-track
seeks in both directions.
•Average seektime is measured by executing seeks in bothdirections
between random cylinders.
•Full-stroke seek time is half the time needed to seek from track 0 to
the maximum track and back to track 0.
Track-to-track
seek time Average/typical seek time Full-stroke seek time Average latency
3.5 msec typ
4.5 msec max 12 msec read 14 msec write 25 msec typ 27 msec max 5.56 msec
Note. Host overhead varies between systems and cannot be specified.
Driveinternaloverheadismeasuredbyissuingano-motionseek.
Overhead is typically less than 0.5 msec.
1.7 Start and stop times
Thedriveisready within20 secondsafterthepowerisapplied.Thedrive
spindle stops rotating within 15 seconds after the power is removed.
1.8 Typical power-up and power-down sequence
A typical power-up and power-down sequence is described below to
assist you in evaluating the drive’s performance. It is not a performance
specification. Each drive has a unique startup current profile similar to
Figure 1.
6 Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995

1.8.1 Power-up sequence
1. Power is applied to the drive.
2. After a delay, the startup current is applied and the spindle begins to
turn.
3. The accelerating current is applied, causing the spindle speed to
increase.
4. The spindle speed is close to the final correct value. The drive begins
to lock in speed-control circuits.
5. The magnetic arm-lock releases the arm.
6. The final speed control lock is achieved.
7. The heads are positioned over track 0 and the drive has completed
its power-up sequence.
1.8.2 Power-down sequence
Caution. Do not move the drive until the motor hascome to a complete
stop.
1. The power is turned off.
2. Within 3 seconds, the motor begins to spin down.
3. The read/write heads automatically move to the shipping zone,which
is inside the maximum data cylinder.
4. The magnetic actuator-lock locksthearm. This completes the power-
down sequence.
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
123456789
T1
T2
T3
T4 T5
T6 T7
Seconds
Amps
Figure 1. Typical startup current profile
Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995 7

1.8.3 Auto-park
Upon power-down, the read/write heads automatically move to the
shipping zone. The heads park inside the maximum data cylinder and
the magnetic actuator-lock engages. When power is applied, the heads
recalibrate to track 0.
1.9 Power specifications
1.9.1 Power consumption
The ST5850A supports Active, Idle and Standby power-management
modes.Thepower-managementcommandsthedrivesupportsarelisted
in the command set table on page 27. The following table shows the
average typical power consumption rates for each power-management
mode. The test criteria for each mode is defined in the section following
the table. The Idle and Standby timers are disabled at the factory.
Allmeasurementsweretakenatthedrive’spowerconnector.AtrueRMS
meter is used to measure all modes except Standby.A DMM is used for
Standby measurements.
Spinup Seeking Read/ write Idle Standby
Current at +12V
Amps peak 1.1 — — — —
RMS amps typ — 0.408 0.231 0.158 0.014
Watts typ — 4.896 2.772 1.896 0.168
Current at +5V
RMS amps typ — 0.420 0.445 0.240 0.166
Watts typ — 2.100 2.225 1.200 0.830
Power
Total watts typ — 7.00 5.00 3.10 1.00
1.9.1.1 Active mode
During the Active mode, the drive is involved in spinup, seeking or
read/write activities. The table shows the typical power consumption
rates for these activities.
8 Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995

•Spinup. Spinup mode is entered from the Standby mode. The drive
bringsthespindleanddiscsuptooperatingspeed.Powerinthismode
is defined as the peak power after starting spinup.
•Seeking.SeekmodeisenteredfromIdlemode.Theread/writeheads
are moved to a specific location on the disc surface in preparation for
readingfromorwritingtothedisc.Read/writeelectronicsarepowered
down but servo electronics are active. Typicalpower is defined as the
power average of executing random seeks with a 2-revolution (22.3
msec) dwell between Seek commands.
•Read/write. Read/write mode is entered from Idle mode. Read/write
electronics are activated and the servo is on track. The drive reads
from or writes to the disc.
1.9.1.2 Idle mode
The motor is up to speed, the servo electronics are inactive and the
heads are in the landing zone.
1.9.1.3 Standby mode
The spindle is stopped, the heads are parked in the landing zone, the
actuatoris latchedand some of the drive electronics are powered down.
1.9.2 Voltage tolerance
+5V +12V
Voltage tolerance
(including noise) ±5% ±5%
1.9.3 Input noise
+5V +12V
Input noise frequency
(max) 25 MHz 25 MHz
Input noise
(max, peak-to-peak) 100 mV 240 mV
Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995 9

1.10 Environmental specifications
1.10.1 Ambient temperature
Operating 5°to 55°C (41°to 131°F)
Nonoperating –40°to 70°C (–40°to 158°F)
1.10.2 Temperature gradient
Operating 10°C per hour (18°F per hour)
Nonoperating 15°C per hour (27°F per hour)
1.10.3 Altitude
Operating –1,000 to 10,000 ft (–305 to 3,048 m)
Nonoperating –1,000 to 40,000 ft (–305 to 12,192 m)
1.10.4 Relative humidity
Operating 8% to 80% noncondensing
Maximum wet bulb 26°C (79°F)
Maximum operating
gradient 10% per hour
Nonoperating 5% to 95% noncondensing
Maximum wet bulb 26°C (79°F)
1.10.5 Shock and vibration
All shock and vibration specifications assume that the drive is mounted
as recommended in Section 2.5 on page 23, with the input levels
measured at the drive mounting screws. Shock measurements are
based on an 11 msec, half sine wave shock pulse, not to be repeated
more than twice per second.
During normal operating shock and vibration, there is no physical dam-
agetothedriveorperformancedegradation.During nonoperatingshock
and vibration, the read/write heads are positioned in the shipping zone.
During abnormal operating shock and vibration, there is no physical
damage tothe drive, althoughperformance may be degradedduring the
10 Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995

shockorvibrationepisode.Whennormaloperatingshocklevelsresume,
the drive meets its performance specifications.
Operating Abnormal Nonoperating
Shock 2 Gs 10 Gs 75 Gs
5–22 Hz vibration 0.020-inch
displacement 0.030-inch displacement 0.160-inch displacement
22–350 Hz vibration 0.50 Gs 0.75 Gs 4.00 Gs
1.11 Acoustics
Sound pressure is measured from 1 meter above the drive top cover at
idle.
Value Idle Seek
Sound pressure, typ (dBA) 30 dBA 34 dBA
Sound pressure, max (dBA) 34 dBA 38 dBA
1.12 Reliability
Readerrorratesaremeasuredwithautomaticretriesanddatacorrection
with ECC enabled and all flaws re-allocated (88 bit Reed Solomon code
using 22 bit ECCspan with 11bit on-the-fly is used). Mean time between
failures (MTBF) is measured at nominal power at sea level and an
ambient temperature of 40°C.
Nonrecoverable read errors 1 per 1013 bits transferred
Seek errors 1 per 107physical seeks
Contact Start/Stop 40,000 cycles
MTBF 300,000 power-on hours
Service life 5 years
Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995 11

1.13 Agency listings
This drive is listed by agencies as follows:
•Recognized in accordance with UL478 and UL1950
•Certified to CSA C22.2 No. 220-M1986 and CSA C22.2 No. 950-
M1989
•Certified to VDE 0806/05.90 and EN 60950/1.88 as tested by VDE
1.14 FCC verification
Decathlon family ATA interface drives are intended to be contained
solely within a personal computer or similar enclosure (not attached to
an external device). As such, a drive is considered to be a subassembly
even when individually marketedto the customer.As a subassembly,no
Federal Communications Commission authorization, verification or cer-
tification of the device is required.
Seagate Technology, Inc. has tested these drives in an enclosure as
describedabove toensurethatthetotalassembly(enclosure,disc drive,
motherboard, power supply, etc.) does comply with the limits for a
Class B computing device, pursuant to Subpart J of Part 15 of the FCC
rules. Operation with noncertified assemblies is likely to result in inter-
ference to radio and television reception.
Radioandtelevisioninterference.Thisequipmentgeneratesanduses
radiofrequencyenergyand,ifnotinstalledandusedinstrictaccordance
withthemanufacturer’sinstructions,maycauseinterferencetoradioand
television reception.
This equipment is designed to provide reasonable protection against
such interference in a residential installation. However, there is no
guaranteethatinterferencewillnotoccurinaparticularinstallation.Ifthis
equipment does cause interference to radio or television, which can be
determined by turning the equipment on and off, you are encouraged to
try one or more of the following corrective measures:
•Reorient the receiving antenna.
•Move the device to one side or the other of the radio or TV.
•Move the device farther away from the radio or TV.
•Plug the equipment into a different outlet so that the receiver and
computer are on different branch outlets.
If necessary, you should consult your dealer or an experienced ra-
dio/television technician for additional suggestions. You may find helpful
thefollowingbookletpreparedbytheFederalCommunicationsCommis-
12 Decathlon 850 ATA Product Manual, July 1995