Sharp EL-9900 User manual

Sharp EL-9900
Graphing Calculator
Basic Keyboard Activities
General Mathematics
Algebra
Programming
Advanced Keyboard Activities
Algebra
Calculus
Statistics
Trigonometry
Programming

Sharp EL-9900
Graphing Calculator
Advanced Keypad
EL-9900
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1
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for creating a non-weighted one-variable data set
1. Turn the calculator on and press STAT to enter the statistics menu.
2. Touch A (EDIT) ENTER , to view the statistics data entry screen.
If there is a data set present within the lists on your calculator, use the
arrow keys to move to the list, if necessary, and press ▲to highlight the
list label.
3. Press DEL ENTER to delete the old data. Repeat for other lists of data.
4. Move the highlighter to the cell directly below the L1 in the table. Enter the
following data set:
58768935
by pressing 5 ENTER 8 ENTER 7 ENTER 6 ENTER 8 ENTER
9 ENTER 3 ENTER 5 ENTER .
5. To check the data you have entered, press ▲to move back through the
data values.
6. To sort your data set in an ascending manner, press STAT B
(OPE) 1(sortA) 2ndF L1 ) ENTER . Press STAT A (EDIT)
ENTER . Notice this first cell now contains the smallest value 3.
7. To save this data set, press 2ndF LIST C (L_DATA) 1
(StoLD) 1 ENTER . You can store up to ten sets of six lists.
8. To retrieve a data set matrix into a statistical data set, press 2ndF
LIST C (L_DATA) 2(RclLD) 1 ENTER .
CREATION OF A ONE-VARIABLE DATA SET
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2
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for creating a weighted one-variable data set
1. Turn the calculator on and press STAT to enter the statistics menu.
2. Press A (EDIT) ENTER , to view the statistics data entry screen.
Remove old data by using the arrow keys to move to the list of data, and
press ▲to highlight the list label. Press DEL ENTER to delete the old
data. Repeat for other lists of data.
3. Move the highlighter to the cell directly below the L1 in the table. Enter the
following data set into L1 with the frequencies entered into L2. If a value
appears three times within a data set, its weight or frequency is 3. Enter the
following data set using the weights:
5557777899
by pressing 5 ENTER 7 ENTER 8 ENTER 9 ENTER 3
ENTER 4 ENTER 1 ENTER 2 ENTER .
4. To save this data set, press 2ndF LIST C (L_DATA)
1(StoLD) 2 ENTER .
CREATION OF A ONE-VARIABLE DATA SET
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3
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for calculating numerical descriptions of a one-variable
non-weighted data set
1. Turn the calculator on and press STAT to enter the statistics menu.
Press A (EDIT) ENTER to view the statistics data entry screen.
If there is a data set present within the lists on your calculator, use the
arrow keys to move to the list, if necessary, and press ▲to highlight the
list label. Press DEL ENTER to delete the old data. Repeat for other lists
of data.
2. Move the highlighter to the cell directly below the L1 in the table.
Enter the following data set:
25 32 28 33 31 27 40 38 29 30
3. Check the data you have entered and correct any errors you may find.
Press 2ndF QUIT to exit the data entry screen. To calculate the numerical
descriptions of the data set, press STAT C (CALC) and 1 (1_Stats).
Press ENTER and the statistical results will appear.
4. The statistics displayed are:
1. the average or mean value of the data set, ;
2. the standard deviation assuming the data set is a sample from a
population, sx;
3. the standard deviation assuming the data set represents the entire
population, σx;
4. the sum of the data values, ∑x;
5. the sum of the squared data values, ∑x2;
Press ▼five times to see more of the statistics.
6. the number of values in the data set, n;
7. the minimum value in the data set, xmin;
8. the first quartile (25th percentile), Q1;
9. the median (50th percentile), Med;
10. the third quartile (75th percentile), Q3; and
Press ▼one more time to see the final statistic.
11. the maximum value in the data set, xmax.
NUMERICAL DESCRIPTION OF A
ONE-VARIABLE DATA SET
x

4
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for creating a non-weighted data set's histogram
1. Turn the calculator on, press STAT A (EDIT) ENTER to view the
statistics data entry screen. Delete old data sets.
2. Move the highlighter to the cell directly below the L1 in the table and enter
the following data set:
15 28 17 36 38 19 13 25 27 41
3. Check the data you have entered by pressing ▲to move back through
the data.
4. To graph a histogram that represents the data set, you must first press
STAT PLOT A (PLOT1) and press ENTER . A PLOT1 setup screen
will appear. Turn the plot on by pressing ENTER . Select one-variable
data by pressing ▼ENTER . Set the list to L1 by pressing ▼
2ndF L1 ENTER . A blank Freq: prompt indicates the data is non-weighted
and the frequencies are one. Choose the histogram graph by pressing ▼
STAT PLOT A (HIST) and 1 (Hist).
5. Set the calculator to rectangular graphing by pressing 2ndF SET UP
E(COORD) 1(Rect) and press 2ndF QUIT .
6. Set the viewing window by pressing WINDOW . Set the horizontal axis to
10 < x< 50 with Xscl = 10 by pressing 1 0 ENTER 5 0 ENTER 1
0 ENTER . Set the vertical axis to 0 < y< 5 with Yscl = 1 by pressing 0
ENTER 5 ENTER 1 ENTER .
7. To view the histogram, press GRAPH .
HISTOGRAM REPRESENTATION OF A
ONE-VARIABLE DATA SET

5
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for creating a weighted data set's histogram
1. Press STAT A (EDIT) ENTER to view the statistics data entry screen.
Delete old data sets.
2. Move the highlighter to the cell directly below the L1 in the table and enter
the following data set using weights:
1112222344
by pressing 1 ENTER 2 ENTER 3 ENTER 4 ENTER 3
ENTER 4 ENTER 1 ENTER 2 ENTER .
3. Press STAT PLOT A (PLOT1) ENTER and a PLOT1 setup screen
will appear. Turn the plot on by pressing ENTER . Select one-variable
data by pressing ▼ENTER . Set the list to L1 by pressing
▼2ndF L1 ENTER . Set the frequencies to L2 by pressing 2ndF L2
ENTER . Choose the histogram graph by pressing STAT PLOT A (HIST)
and 1 (Hist).
4. To set this viewing window, press WINDOW and set the horizontal axis
to -.5 < x< 5.5 with Xscl = 1 by pressing (–) • 5 ENTER 5 • 5
ENTER 1 ENTER . Next, set the vertical axis to -1 < y< 5 with
Yscl = 1 by pressing (–) 1 ENTER 5 ENTER 1 ENTER .
5. Press Y= and CL to clear any graphs. Press GRAPH view the histogram.
HISTOGRAM REPRESENTATION OF A
ONE-VARIABLE DATA SET
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6
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for creating a non-weighted data set's broken-line graph
1. Turn the calculator on and press STAT to enter the statistics menu.
Delete old data and enter the following data set for L1:
15 28 17 36 38 19 13 25 27 41
2. Check the data you have entered by pressing ▲to move back through
the data.
3. To graph a broken-line graph for the data set, first press STAT PLOT
A(PLOT1) ENTER . Turn PLOT1 on by pressing ENTER .
Press ▼ENTER to choose one-variable data. Press ▼2ndF L1
ENTER to enter L1 as the data list. Clear the frequency prompt by pressing
DEL ENTER . Set the graph to a broken line graph by pressing
STAT PLOT B (B.L.) 3(Broken).
4. In our example, the smallest value is 13 and the largest value is 41.
The logical intervals for the data set would be 10-19 (tens), 20-29 (twenties),
30-39 (thirties), and 40-49 (forties). To set this viewing window, press
WINDOW and set the horizontal axis to 10 < x< 50 with Xscl = 10.
Set the vertical axis to 0 < y< 5 with Yscl = 1.
5. To view the graph, press GRAPH .
6. Press TRACE and then press repeatedly to trace the points making up
the broken-line graph.
7. Turn PLOT1 off by pressing STAT PLOT ENTER ENTER
2ndF QUIT .
OTHER GRAPHICAL PORTRAYALS OF A
ONE-VARIABLE DATA SET
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7
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for creating a weighted data set's box-and-whisker chart
1. Press STAT to enter the statistics menu. Delete old data and enter the
following data set in L1 using weights in L2:
1112222344
2. To construct a box-and-whisker chart, first press STAT PLOT A
ENTER . Press ENTER to turn PLOT1 on. Press ▼ENTER to choose
one-variable data. Press ▼2ndF L1 ENTER to enter L1 as the data
list. Set the frequency prompt to L2 by pressing 2ndF L2 ENTER .
Set the graph to a box-and-whisker chart by pressing STAT PLOT E (BOX)
1Box.
3. In the example, the data is discrete with a smallest value of 1 and a largest
value of 4. Set the viewing window to 0 < x< 5 with Xscl = 1. Next, set the
vertical axis to 0 < y< 1 with Yscl = 1.
4. To view the box-and-whisker chart for the data, press GRAPH .
5. Press TRACE followed by and to view the five values making up the
box-and whisker chart.
6. Turn PLOT1 off by pressing STAT PLOT ENTER ENTER
2ndF QUIT .
OTHER GRAPHICAL PORTRAYALS OF A
ONE-VARIABLE DATA SET
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8
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for creating a pie chart from count data
1. Press STAT to enter the statistics menu. Delete old data and enter the
following data set in L1 using weights in L2:
24 18 40 10
2. To construct a pie chart, first press STAT PLOT ENTER . Press ENTER
to turn PLOT1 on. Press ▼ENTER to choose one-variable data. Press ▼
2ndF L1 ENTER to enter L1 as the data list. Leave the Freq prompt
blank. Set the graph to a pie chart by pressing STAT PLOT F (PIE) 1
(PIE) .
3. To view the pie chart for the data, press GRAPH .
4. Press TRACE followed by and to highlight and mark the pieces of
the pie.
5. Turn PLOT1 off by pressing STAT PLOT ENTER ENTER
2ndF QUIT .
OTHER GRAPHICAL PORTRAYALS OF A
ONE-VARIABLE DATA SET
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9
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for creating a non-weighted two-variable data set
1. Turn the calculator on and press STAT to enter the statistics menu.
Press A (EDIT) ENTER to view the data-entry screen. If old
data is present, delete it by moving the highlighter over L1 and pressing
DEL ENTER . Repeat for other lists.
2. Enter the following data set with X in L1 and Y in L2:
X Y
58
76
89
35
by moving the highlighter to the cell below the L1 header and then pressing
5 ENTER 7 ENTER 8 ENTER 3 ENTER 8 ENTER 6
ENTER 9 ENTER 5 ENTER .
3. Sometimes, you will need to sort the data in an ascending or descending
manner for either the X or Y variables. To sort your data set with the X
values ascending, press 2ndF QUIT STAT , press B (OPE)
1(sortA) and press 2ndF L1 ,2ndF L2 ) ENTER . Press STAT
A(EDIT) ENTER to view the list. Notice the ordered pairs were
rearranged with the X values ascending and their appropriate Y values.
4. Save this data set by pressing 2ndF LIST C (L_DATA) 1(StoLD)
and press 1 ENTER .
5. To recall the statistical data from memory, press 2ndF LIST ,
C(L_DATA) 2(RclLD) and press 1 ENTER .
CREATION OF A TWO-VARIABLE DATA SET
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10
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for creating a weighted two-variable data set
1. Turn the calculator on and press STAT to enter the statistics menu.
Press A (EDIT) ENTER to view the data-entry screen. If old data
is present, delete it by moving the highlighter over L1 and pressing
DEL ENTER . Repeat for other lists.
2. Each row will contain a data point (X, Y) and weight or frequency of
occurrence. If a point (X,Y) appears four times within a data set, its weight
or frequency is 4. Enter the following data set in L1 and L2 using L3 for the
weights:
X Y W
537
489
210 3
by pressing 5 ENTER 4 ENTER 2 ENTER 3 ENTER 8
ENTER 1 0 ENTER 7 ENTER 9 ENTER 3 ENTER .
3. Save this data set by pressing 2ndF LIST C (L_DATA) 1(StoLD)
and press 2 ENTER .
CREATION OF A TWO-VARIABLE DATA SET
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11
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for calculating numerical descriptions of a two-variable
data set
1. Turn the calculator on and press STAT to enter the statistics menu. Press
A(EDIT) ENTER to access the data entry screen. Delete old data
by highlighting L1 and pressing DEL ENTER . Repeat for other lists.
Enter the following data set:
X Y
25 32
28 33
31 27
40 38
29 30
2. Check the data you have entered and correct any errors you may find.
To calculate the numerical descriptions of the two variables, press 2ndF
QUIT STAT C (CALC) 22_Stats. Press ENTER and the statistical
results will appear.
3. Press ▼to view the remaining statistics.
4. The statistics displayed are:
1. the average or mean value of the variable, or ;
2. the standard deviation assuming the data points are a sample from
a population, sx or sy;
3. the standard deviation assuming the data points represent the entire
population, σxor σy;
4. the sum of the values, ∑x or ∑y;
5. the sum of the squared values, ∑x2or ∑y2;
6. the number of data points, n;
7. the minimum variable value, xmin or ymin;
8. the maximum variable value, xmax or ymax; and
9. the sum of the xand yproducts, ∑xy.
NUMERICAL DESCRIPTION OF A
TWO-VARIABLE DATA SET
xy

12
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for calculating numerical descriptions of a weighted
two-variable data set
1. Turn the calculator on and press STAT A ENTER to enter the statistics
menu. Delete old data set by highlighting L1 and pressing DEL ENTER .
Repeat for other lists.
2. Enter the following data set which represents the frequency of observing
doubles with a particular pair of dice. The dice were rolled until fifty doubles
were observed.
X Y W
11 8
22 10
33 12
44 9
55 6
66 5
Each row will contain a data pair and the frequency of occurrence.
3. Check the data you have entered. To calculate the numerical descriptions
of the two variables, press 2ndF QUIT STAT C (CALC) and 2
(2_Stats). Press 2ndF L1 ,2ndF L2 ,2ndF L3 ENTER and
the statistical results will appear.
4. Press ▼to view more of the numerical descriptions.
NUMERICAL DESCRIPTION OF A
TWO-VARIABLE DATA SET

13
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for drawing a scatter diagram of a two-variable data set
1. Consider the following table listing the revenue for a large corporation:
Year Revenue (in millions of dollars)
1 48.63
2 48.86
3 48.91
4 49.69
5 51.10
6 52.00
7 52.03
2. Access the statistics data entry screen and delete old data.
3. Enter the data using L1 for the year and L2 for the revenue (in millions
of dollars). Check the data and correct any errors you may find.
4. Press STAT PLOT A (PLOT1) ENTER to access the PLOT1 set up
screen. To turn PLOT 1 on, press ENTER . Press ▼ENTER
to set the data to two-variable. Set L1 for the xvariable by pressing
▼2ndF L1 ENTER . Press 2ndF L2 ENTER to set L2 for
the y variable. To set the graph to scatter diagram, press STAT PLOT
G(S.D.) and 3 (Scattr ).
5. Construct an autoscaled scatter diagram of this data set by pressing ZOOM
A(ZOOM) 9(Stat).
6. Press TRACE and press repeatedly to verify that Xmin= 1, Xmax= 7,
Ymin= 48.63, and Ymax= 52.03.
GRAPHICAL PORTRAYAL OF A
TWO-VARIABLE DATA SET
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Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for calculating the best-fitting line
1. Turn the calculator on and press STAT to enter the statistics menu.
Access the data entry screen by pressing A (EDIT) ENTER .
Delete old data and enter the following data set:
X Y
25 32
28 33
31 27
40 38
29 30
Check the data you have entered and correct any errors you may find.
2. To find the best-fitting line (regression line) for the data, press STAT
D(REG) 0 2 (Rg_ax+b) and press ENTER .
3. To overlay the regression line and the scatter diagram for the data, you must
first set up the scatter diagram by pressing STAT PLOT A (PLOT1)
ENTER ENTER ▼ENTER ▼2ndF L1 ENTER 2ndF L2
ENTER STAT PLOT G (S.D.) and 3 (Scattr ).
4. Display the scatter diagram for the data by pressing WINDOW and setting
Xmin = 20, Xmax = 45, Xscl = 5, Ymin = 25, Ymax = 40, and Yscl = 5. Press
GRAPH to view the scatter diagram.
5. To view the overlay of the regression line and the scatter diagram, press
Y= CL 2ndF VARS H (STAT) ENTER B (REGEQN) 1(RegEqn)
GRAPH .
LINEAR REGRESSIONS
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Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for calculating other regression models
1. Access the data entry screen and delete old data. Enter the following data set:
X Y
610
22 19
34 31
42 39
45 47
48 58
47 66
2. Check the data you have entered and correct any errors you may find.
3. Set up the scatter diagram using the STAT PLOT window
4. Display the scatter diagram for the data by pressing WINDOW and
setting Xmin = 0, Xmax = 50, Xscl = 5, Ymin = 0, Ymax = 70, and Yscl = 5.
Press GRAPH to view the scatter diagram.
5. To find the best-fitting exponential curve (Y = a•ebX) for the data, press
STAT D (REG) 1 0 (Rg_aebx)and press ENTER .
6. To view the overlay of the regression curve and the scatter diagram, press
Y= CL 2ndF VARS H (STAT) ENTER B (REGEQN) 1(RegEqn) and
press GRAPH .
7. Repeat this process to find and view other regression models.
OTHER REGRESSIONS
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Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for calculating other regression models
1. To find the best-fitting quadratic curve (y=ax2+bx +c) for the data, press
STAT D (REG) 0 4 (Rg_x2)and press ENTER .
2. To view the overlay of the regression curve and the scatter diagram, press
Y= CL 2ndF VARS H (STAT) ENTER B (REGEQN) 1(RegEqn) and
press GRAPH . The following overlay will be displayed.
Model of best fit
1. Notice, the r2value for the quadratic regression model is about .9337.
2. Whereas the r2value for the exponential regression model was .9786.
3. The exponential regression model (with the r2value closer to 1) is considered
the better-fitting model. The exponential regression model even fits better
than the linear model with an r2value of .8553.
4. Continue this analysis with other regression models.
OTHER REGRESSIONS (continued)
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17
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for performing a one-small-sample hypothesis test for
the population mean
1. Turn the calculator on and access the data entry screen. Delete old data
and enter the following data set for L1:
7107681015141112 611
11 5 7 9 9 7 4 4 6 5 13
2. Check the data you have entered and correct any errors you may find.
The data shown above reflects the number of wins for the Chicago Bears
in each complete regular season since 1978.
3. Test the alternate hypothesis that "da Bears" are a winning football team
against the null hypothesis that "da Bears" are a .500 ball club (8 wins).
4. Set up the statistical test by pressing 2ndF QUIT STAT E (TEST) and
0 3 (Ttest1samp).
5. Set the alternate hypothesis to µ > µo by pressing ENTER .
Set the null hypothesis equal to 8 wins by pressing ▼8 ENTER .
Set the List to L1 by pressing 2ndF L1 ENTER .
6. Press 2ndF EXE to compute the statistical test.
7. The first item on the screen, µ>8, is the alternate hypothesis of the statistical
test. The second item on the screen is the observed statistic from the sample.
The third item on the screen is the decision statistic or pvalue.
8. The pvalue is .201, which is greater than .05. Our decision is to support the
null hypothesis that µ=8. This test shows that "da Bears" average 8 wins a
season and thus are .500 ball club. However, the fourth item shows that on
the average, "da Bears" win approximately 8.56 games a season, which says
they are winners.
STATISTICAL TESTS
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18
Advanced Keyboard/STATISTICS USING THE SHARP EL-9900
Copyright © 2002, Sharp Electronics Corporation. Permission is granted to photocopy for educational use only.
Steps for performing a two-small-sample hypothesis test for
the population means
1. Access the data entry screen and enter the additional data for L2.
(Use the Bears data in L1.):
L2 Packers 8 5 5 8 8 8 8 4 5 4 10 6
4 9 9 9 11 13 13 11 8 9 12
2. Check the data you have entered and correct any errors you may find.
The data shown above reflects the number of wins for the Green Bay
Packers in each complete regular season since 1978. Test the alternate
hypothesis that "da Bears" are a better (on the average win more games)
football team than the Packers during these recent years.
3. Set up the statistical test by pressing 2ndF QUIT STAT E (TEST)
0 4 (Ttest2samp).
4. Set the alternate hypothesis to µ1 > µ2 by pressing ENTER .
Pool the standard deviations in the calculation by pressing ▼ENTER .
Set the List1 to L1 by pressing ▼2ndF L1 ENTER . Set List2 to L2
by pressing 2ndF L2 ENTER . Press 2ndF EXE to compute the
statistical test.
5. The first item on the screen, µ1>µ2, is the alternate hypothesis of the statistical
test. The second item is the observed statistic from the sample . The third
item is decision statistic or pvalue. In our problem, the pvalue is .3119 which
is more than .05. Our decision is to support the null hypothesis that µ1=µ2.
This test shows that "da Bears" average about the same number of wins a
season as the Packers. However, the fifth and sixth values show, on the
average, "da Bears" win approximately 8.56 games a season, whereas the
Packers win 8.13. The Bears win more on the average, but statistically, they
are not significantly different.
STATISTICAL TESTS (continued)
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