SMA SUNNY BOY 2500TL Single Tracker User manual

SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 | IMEN-SBTLST-21 | Version 1.0
EN
PV Inverter
SUNNY BOY 2500TLSingleTracker
SUNNYBOY3000TLSingleTracker
Installation Manual

SMA Solar Technology AG Table of Contents
Installation Manual SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 3
Table of Contents
1 Information on this Document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.1 Validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.2 Target Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.3 Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.4 Symbols Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.1 Intended Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2 Qualification of Skilled Persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3 Safety Precautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3 Scope of Delivery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4 Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.1 Sunny Boy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.2 Symbols on the Inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.3 Type Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.4 Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.5 Electronic Solar Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
4.6 Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.7 Multi-Function Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.8 Grid Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.9 Varistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5 Mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5.1 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5.2 Selecting the Mounting Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5.3 Mounting the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Table of Contents SMA Solar Technology AG
4 SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 Installation Manual
6 Electrical Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
6.1 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
6.2 Overview of the Connection Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
6.3 Connection to the Electricity Grid (AC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
6.3.1 Conditions for the AC Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
6.3.2 Connecting the Inverter to the Electricity Grid (AC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
6.3.3 Additional Earthing of the Enclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
6.4 Connecting the PV Array (DC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
6.4.1 Conditions for the DC connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
6.4.2 Assembling the DC Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
6.4.3 Opening the DC Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.4.4 Connecting the PV Array (DC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
6.5 Setting the Country Standard and Display Language . . . . . . . 46
6.5.1 Checking the Country Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
6.5.2 Setting the Country Standard and Language using the
Rotary Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
6.6 Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
6.6.1 Interface for RS485 Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
6.6.2 Setting the Bluetooth NetID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
6.6.3 Multi-Function Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
7 Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
7.1 Commissioning the Inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
7.2 Display Messages during the Start Phase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
7.3 Self-test in Accordance with ENEL Guideline (Only for Italy) . . 56
7.3.1 Starting the Self-Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
7.3.2 Test Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
7.3.3 Aborting the Self-Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
7.3.4 Restarting the Self-Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

SMA Solar Technology AG Table of Contents
Installation Manual SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 5
8 Opening and Closing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
8.1 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
8.2 Disconnecting the Inverter from Voltage Sources . . . . . . . . . . . 62
8.3 Closing the Inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
9 Maintenance and Cleaning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
9.1 Cleaning the Inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
9.2 Checking Heat Dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
9.3 Checking the Electronic Solar Switch for Wear . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
10 Slot for SD Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
11 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
11.1 LED Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
11.2 Event Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
11.3 Error Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
11.4 DC Current after AC-side Disconnection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
11.5 Checking the PV Array for Earth Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
11.6 Checking the Function of the Varistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
12 Decommissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
12.1 Disassembling the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
12.2 Replacing the Enclosure Lid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
12.3 Packing the Inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
12.4 Storing the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
12.5 Disposing of the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
13 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
13.1 DC/AC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
13.1.1 Sunny Boy 2500TL Single Tracker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
13.1.2 Sunny Boy 3000TL Single Tracker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
13.2 General Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Table of Contents SMA Solar Technology AG
6 SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 Installation Manual
13.3 Protective Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
13.4 Approvals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
13.5 Climatic Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
13.6 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
13.7 Electronic Solar Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
13.8 Torques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
13.9 Earthing Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
13.10 Data Storage Capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
14 Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
15 Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

SMA Solar Technology AG Information on this Document
Installation Manual SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 7
1 Information on this Document
1.1 Validity
This document is valid for the following device types:
• SB 2500TLST-21
• SB 3000TLST-21
1.2 Target Audience
This document is for skilled workers. Only skilled workers are allowed to perform the tasks set forth in
this document (see Section 2.2"Qualification of Skilled Persons" (page11)).
1.3 Additional Information
Additional information is available at www.SMA.de/en.
Title Document type
Miniature Circuit-breaker Technical information
Measured Values, Operating Parameters, and Event
Messages.
Technical description
Parameter Settings ‒
SUNNY BOY 2500TL / 3000TL Single Tracker
SUNNY BOY 3000TL / 3600TL / 4000TL / 5000TL
Technical description
SMA Bluetooth ‒ SMA Bluetooth® Wireless Technology
in Practice
Technical information
SMA Bluetooth® Wireless Technology Technical description
Multi-functional relay and OptiTrac Global Peak Technical description
Module Technology Technical information
Capacitive Discharge Currents Technical information

Information on this Document SMA Solar Technology AG
8 SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 Installation Manual
1.4 Symbols Used
The following types of safety precautions and general information appear in this document:
Nomenclature
The following nomenclature is used in this document:
DANGER!
DANGER indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury.
WARNING!
WARNING indicates a safety precaution which, if not avoided, could result in death or
serious injury.
CAUTION!
CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or
moderate injury.
NOTICE!
NOTICE indicates a situation which, if not avoided, could result in property damage.
Information
Information provides tips that are valuable for effective installation and operation of the
product.
☑ This symbol indicates the result of an action.
Complete designation Abbreviation in this document
Sunny Boy 2500TL Single Tracker/
Sunny Boy 3000TL Single Tracker
Inverter, product
Electronic Solar Switch ESS
SMA Bluetooth® Wireless Technology Bluetooth

SMA Solar Technology AG Information on this Document
Installation Manual SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 9
Abbreviations
Abbreviation Designation Explanation
AC Alternating Current -
DC Direct Current -
EG European Community -
LED Light-Emitting Diode -
MPP Maximum Power Point -
NetID Network Identification Identification number for
SMA Bluetooth network
MSL Mean Sea Level -
PE Protective Earth Protective conductor
PV Photovoltaics -
AF Width Across Flats The distance between two parallel
flat surfaces ("flats") of a screw head.
VDE Verband der Elektrotechnik
Elektronik Informationstechnik e.V.
Association for Electrical, Electronic
and Information Technologies

Safety SMA Solar Technology AG
10 SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 Installation Manual
2 Safety
2.1 Intended Use
The Sunny Boy is a PV inverter, which converts the direct current of the PV array to grid-compliant
alternating current and feeds it into the electricity grid.
Principle of a PV Plant with this Sunny Boy
The Sunny Boy is suitable for indoor and outdoor use.
The Sunny Boy may only be operated with PV arrays (PV modules and cabling) of protection class II.
The PV modules used must be suitable for use with the Sunny Boy and must be released by the module
manufacturer.
PV modules with large capacities to earth may only be used if their coupling capacity does not exceed
1.4 μF.
All components must remain within their operating ranges at all times.
For safety reasons, it is not permitted to modify the product or install components that are not explicitly
recommended or distributed by SMA Solar Technology AG for this product.
Only use the Sunny Boy in accordance with the information provided in the enclosed documentation.
Any other use can result in personal injury or property damage.
• Do not mount the inverter on flammable construction materials.
• Do not mount the inverter in areas where highly flammable materials are stored.
• Do not mount the inverter in a potentially explosive atmosphere.

SMA Solar Technology AG Safety
Installation Manual SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 11
The enclosed documentation is an integral part of this product.
• Read and adhere to the documentation.
• Keep the documentation in a convenient place for future reference.
2.2 Qualification of Skilled Persons
The tasks described in this document are intended for skilled persons only. Skilled persons must have
the following qualifications:
• Knowledge of how an inverter works and is operated
• Training in how to deal with the dangers and risks associated with installing and using electrical
devices and plants
• Training in the installation and commissioning of electrical devices and plants
• Knowledge of all applicable standards and guidelines
• Knowledge of and adherence to this document and all safety precautions

Safety SMA Solar Technology AG
12 SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 Installation Manual
2.3 Safety Precautions
DANGER!
Danger to life due to high voltages in the inverter.
High voltages that can result in electric shocks are present in the conductive components
of the inverter.
• Prior to performing any work on the inverter, disconnect the inverter on the AC and
DC sides (see Section 8.2"Disconnecting the Inverter from Voltage Sources"
(page62)).
DANGER!
Risk of burns due to electric arc
To prevent arcing when disconnecting cables in the PV array, the ESS and DC connectors
must be removed from the inverter, or the external DC switch-disconnector must be
switched off and the DC connectors must be removed from the inverter before performing
any work on the PV array.
• Before starting work on the PV array, always disconnect the inverter from the AC and
DC side (see Section 8.2"Disconnecting the Inverter from Voltage Sources"
(page62)).
• Attach the enclosed warning label "Risk of burns from electric arc" so that it is clearly
visible on the external AC disconnection device.
WARNING!
Risk of electric shock when pulling out the DC connectors under load.
If you disconnect the DC connectors from the inverter under load, an electric arc may
occur, causing electric shock and burns.
• If the inverter is not equipped with an Electronic Solar Switch and the regulations in
the country of installation require an external DC switch-disconnector, install an
external DC switch-disconnector.
• Switch off the AC miniature circuit-breaker and disconnect the inverter on the DC side
before pulling out the DC connectors.
CAUTION!
Risk of burns due to hot enclosure parts
Some parts of the enclosure can become hot during operation.
• Only touch the lower enclosure lid of the inverter during operation.

SMA Solar Technology AG Safety
Installation Manual SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 13
NOTICE!
Water and dust intrusion can damage the inverter.
If the inverter is not equipped with an ESS, the electronics in the inverter comply with degree
of protection IP65 when closed. If the inverter is equipped with an ESS, the electronics in
the inverter comply with degree of protection IP65 when closed with the ESS attached. The
inverter is then protected against dust and water intrusion. The inverter's connection area
complies with degree of protection IP54. It is protected against dust deposits in the interior
and against splashes of water from all angles.
• If the ESS is not attached, the inverter must be protected against dust and water.
• Attach the ESS again after any work on the inverter.
PV array earthing
Comply with local regulations for the earthing of the modules and the PV array.
SMA Solar Technology AG recommends connecting the array frame and other electrically
conductive surfaces so that there is continuous conduction and earthing them in order to
ensure maximum protection for property and persons.

Scope of Delivery SMA Solar Technology AG
14 SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 Installation Manual
3 Scope of Delivery
Check the delivery for completeness and any externally visible damage. Contact your dealer if the
delivery is incomplete or you find any damage.
Object Quantity Description
A1 Sunny Boy
B1 Wall mounting bracket
C2 Positive DC connector
D2 Negative DC connector
E4 Sealing plugs for the DC connectors
F1 Installation manual
G1User manual
H1 Document set with explanations and certificates
I1 Supplementary sheet with inverter default settings
K1 Warning label "Risk of burns from electric arc" for the disconnection device
on the AC side.
ABCE
H
FG
IK
_
+
D

SMA Solar Technology AG Product Description
Installation Manual SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 15
4 Product Description
4.1 Sunny Boy
The Sunny Boy is a PV inverter, which converts the direct current of the PV array to grid-compliant
alternating current and feeds it into the electricity grid.
*optional
Position Designation
AType label
BLEDs
CDisplay
DElectronic Solar Switch*
ELower enclosure lid
FUpper enclosure lid

Product Description SMA Solar Technology AG
16 SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 Installation Manual
4.2 Symbols on the Inverter
* QR-Code is a registered trademark of DENSO WAVE INCORPORATED.
Symbol Designation Explanation
Inverter This symbol defines the function of the green LED.
The green LED indicates the operating state of the
inverter.
Read the
documentation!
This symbol defines the function of the red LED
which indicates a fault or disturbance. Read the
manual to remedy the fault or disturbance.
Bluetooth This symbol defines the function of the blue LED.
The blue LED indicates that communication via
Bluetooth is activated.
QR-Code®* for SMA
bonus programme
For information on the SMA bonus programme,
see www.SMA-Bonus.com.
NOTICE, danger! Observe the connection requirements for the
second protective conductor in Section
6.3.1"Conditions for the AC Connection"
(page32).
Danger to life due to
high voltages in the
inverter
The capacitors in the inverter may be charged
with very high voltages.
• Disconnect the inverter from voltage
sources (see Section 8.2) and wait
5 minutes before opening the upper lid, in
order to allow time for the capacitors to
discharge.

SMA Solar Technology AG Product Description
Installation Manual SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 17
4.3 Type Label
The type label provides a unique identification of the inverter. The type label is on the right-hand side
of the enclosure.
The information on the type label is intended to help you use the inverter safely and receive better
customer support from the SMA Service Line. The type label must be permanently attached to the
inverter.
Position Designation Explanation
ADate Manufacturing date of the inverter
(year-month-day)
BDevice-specific
characteristics
‒
CAdditional information Field for additional information, e.g.
country-specific standard information
DSerial No. Inverter serial number
EModel Device type

Product Description SMA Solar Technology AG
18 SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 Installation Manual
Symbols on the Type Label
Symbol Designation Explanation
Danger to life due to high
voltages.
The inverter operates at high voltages. All work
on the inverter must be carried out by skilled
workers only.
Risk of burns from hot
surfaces
The inverter can become hot during operation.
Avoid contact during operation. Allow the
inverter to cool down sufficiently before carrying
out any work. Wear personal protective
equipment such as safety gloves.
Read the documentation Observe all documentation that is supplied with
the inverter.
Without transformer The inverter is transformerless.
DC Direct current
AC Alternating current
Degree of protection IP54 The inverter is protected against dust deposits in
the interior and against splashes of water from all
angles.
Outdoor The inverter is suitable for outdoor installation.
Proper disposal The inverter must not be disposed of together with
the household waste.
CE marking The inverter complies with the requirements of the
applicable EC directives.
Device class label The product is equipped with a wireless
component that complies with the harmonised
standards.
RAL quality mark for solar
products
The inverter complies with the requirements of the
German Institute for Quality Assurance and
Labelling.
Certified safety The inverter complies with the requirements of the
European Equipment and Product Safety Act.
IP54

SMA Solar Technology AG Product Description
Installation Manual SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 19
4.4 Display
The display shows the current operating data of the inverter (e.g. status, power, input voltage) as well
as faults and disturbances.
Australian mark of
conformity
The inverter complies with the requirements of the
applicable Australian guidelines.
Position Designation Explanation
APower Displays the current power
BDay Displays the daily energy
CTotal Displays the total amount of energy fed in until now
DActive functions The symbols indicate which communication or power
regulation functions are enabled.
ELine conductor assignment Shows assignment of the inverter to a line conductor.
It is also used for external power limitation.
FElectricity grid event number Event number of a disturbance in the electricity grid
GOutput voltage/output
current
The display alternately shows the output voltage and
the output current of the inverter.
HInverter event number Event number of a device disturbance
IInput voltage/input current The display alternately shows the input voltage and
the input current of the inverter.
KPV array event number Event number of a disturbance in the PV array
LText line The text line shows event messages or instructions.
Symbol Designation Explanation
kVAr
kVArh
kWh
MVArh
MWh
kW
kWh
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
K
L
M
I
t/hday

Product Description SMA Solar Technology AG
20 SB25_30TLST_21-IA-IEN121110 Installation Manual
Symbols on the Display
MPower and yield curve The diagram shows the changes in power over the
last 16 feed-in hours or the energy yields over the last
16 days. Tap the display once to switch between
views.
Symbol Designation Explanation
Tap symbol You can operate the display by tapping it:
• Single tap: the backlight switches on or the
display scrolls one message further.
• Double tap: the display shows, in succession,
the firmware version, the serial number or
description of the inverter, the Bluetooth NetID,
the set country standard and the display
language.
Telephone receiver Device disturbance present. Contact the SMA Service
Line.
Spanner Signifies a disturbance that can be resolved on-site.
Bluetooth Bluetooth communication is enabled.
Bluetooth connection Bluetooth connection to other devices is active.
Multi-function relay The multi-function relay is active.
Temperature symbol The power of the inverter is limited due to excessive
temperature.
Power limitation The external active power limitation via the Power
Reducer Box is active.
PV array ‒
Position Designation Explanation