ST P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 User manual

Introduction
This user manual describes how to get started with the P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 and P-NUCLEO-LRWAN3 starter packs.
Hardware and software setups are discussed in detail, together with the setup of supported network and application servers.
The P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 starter pack supports the higher frequency bands (868 MHz and 915 MHz). It includes:
•A sensor node based on STMicroelectronics NUCLEO-L073RZ Nucleo board and USI® I-NUCLEO-LRWAN1 LoRa®
expansion board with antenna
•A LoRaWAN® gateway based on STMicroelectronics NUCLEO-F746ZG Nucleo board and RisingHF LRWAN_GS_HF1
expansion board with antenna
The P-NUCLEO-LRWAN3 starter pack supports the lower frequency bands (433 MHz and 470 MHz). It includes:
•A sensor node based on STMicroelectronics NUCLEO-L073RZ Nucleo board and RisingHF LRWAN_NS1 LoRa®
expansion board
•A LoRaWAN® gateway based on STMicroelectronics NUCLEO-F746ZG Nucleo board and RisingHF LRWAN_GS_LF1
expansion board
• Antennas
This user manual also describes the I-CUBE-LRWAN STM32Cube Expansion Package for the sensor node, and the gateway
binary software.
Figure 1. P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 and P-NUCLEO-LRWAN3 - LoRaWAN® sensors and gateways
Gateway
Sensor
Gateway
Sensor
P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 P-NUCLEO-LRWAN3
Pictures are not contractual.
Getting started with the P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 and P-NUCLEO-LRWAN3
starter packs
UM2587
User manual
UM2587 - Rev 2 - April 2021
For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales office.
www.st.com

1P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 starter pack overview
Figure 2 shows an overview of the P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 starter pack, which includes a LoRaWAN® sensor
device and gateway as well as the antennas.
Instructions at the back of the insert card guide the users on how to power up and configure the sensor device
and gateway and setup the network.
The starter pack is configured to use the EU868 frequency band with the sensor device in OTAA mode and
the gateway forwarding the packets to Loriot EU1 server. The pack is user configurable by firmware and by AT
commands.
Figure 2. STM32 Nucleo LoRaWAN® development kit (P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 starter pack)
The antennas in this product are assembled and locked with the boards, which was not the case in earlier
versions. They do not have to be removed by users to comply with FCC regulations. The current product
packaging is adapted to this configuration. Visuals and illustrations in the related technical documents may differ
from the current product version.
UM2587
P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 starter pack overview
UM2587 - Rev 2 page 2/51

1.1 Sensor hardware overview
The P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 LoRaWAN® sensor device has the following key features:
Main board
•NUCLEO-L073RZ development board (from STMicroelectronics)
–STM32L073RZT6 Arm® Cortex®-M0+ ultra-low-power MCU at 32 MHz with 192-Kbyte Flash memory,
20-Kbyte SRAM and 6-Kbyte data EEPROM
– 1 user LED
– 1 user and 1 reset push-buttons
– 32.768 kHz crystal oscillator
– On-board ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability: mass storage,
Virtual COM port, and debug port
– Board connectors
◦ Mini-AB USB connector for the ST-LINK
◦ARDUINO® Uno V3 expansion connector
◦ ST morpho extension pin headers for full access to all STM32 I/Os
RF module and sensor expansion board
•I-NUCLEO-LRWAN1 LoRa® HF band (868/915/923 MHz) sensor expansion board (from USI®)
– USI® WM-SG-SM-42 low-power long-range LoRaWAN® module, based on the STM32L052 MCU and
Semtech SX1272 transceiver
– STMicroelectronics HTS221 temperature and humidity sensor
– STMicroelectronics LPS22HB pressure sensor
– STMicroelectronics LSM303AGR accelerometer and gyroscope sensor
Note: Arm is a registered trademark of Arm Limited (or its subsidiaries) in the US and/or elsewhere.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Figure 3 shows the two boards in the P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 LoRaWAN® sensor device.
UM2587
Sensor hardware overview
UM2587 - Rev 2 page 3/51

Figure 3. STM32 Nucleo LoRaWAN® sensor device (P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2)
NUCLEO-L073RZ
main board
I-NUCLEO-LRWAN1
expansion board
ST-LINK
Arm® Mbed™
removable
storage
USB VCOM
LSM303AGR
LPS22HB
HTS221
USI® module
Sensors:
STM32L073RZT6
microcontroller
UM2587
Sensor hardware overview
UM2587 - Rev 2 page 4/51

1.1.1 I-NUCLEO-LRWAN1 LoRa® HF band and sensor expansion board
The I-NUCLEO-LRWAN1 is supplied by a third party (USI®). For complete and latest information, refer to the third
party GitHub page https://github.com/USILoRaModule/USI_I-NUCLEO-LRWAN1.
Figure 4. I-NUCLEO-LRWAN1 block diagram and connectors
XTAL
32 MHz
SX1272
(860 MHz – 1020 MHz)
STM32L052T8Y6
64-Kbyte Flash
8-Kbyte RAM
2-Kbyte EEPROM
SPI1
RESET
DIO 0-4
Antenna
RFI
VR_PA
RF SWITCH
PA_BOOST
U.FL
XTAL
32.768 kHz
ANT TX/RX
ADC 1 – 3
Note: The Nucleo board communicates with the expansion board via the STM32 UART (PA2, PA3). The following
modifications are applied to the Nucleo board:
• SB62 and SB63 are closed
• SB13 and SB14 are opened to disconnect the STM32 UART from ST-LINK
UM2587
Sensor hardware overview
UM2587 - Rev 2 page 5/51

1.2 Gateway hardware overview
The P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 LoRaWAN® gateway shown in Section 1.2 has the following key features:
Gateway main board
•NUCLEO-F746ZG development board (from STMicroelectronics)
–STM32F746ZGT6 Arm® Cortex®-M7 high-performance MCU at 216 MHz with 1-Mbyte Flash memory
and 320-Kbyte SRAM
– 3 user LEDs
– 1 user and 1 reset push-buttons
– Ethernet compliant with IEEE-802.3-2002
– USB OTG full speed or device only
– 32.768 kHz crystal oscillator
– On-board ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability: mass storage,
Virtual COM port, and debug port
– Board connectors
◦ Micro-AB USB connector for the ST-LINK
◦ST Zio expansion connector including ARDUINO® Uno V3
◦ ST morpho extension pin headers for full access to all STM32 I/Os
◦ USB with Micro-AB
◦ Ethernet RJ45
Gateway expansion board
• LRWAN_GS_HF1 LoRa® HF band (868/915/923 MHz) gateway expansion board (from RisingHF)
– SX1301/SX1257 HF baseband data concentrator and transceiver
◦ Automatically adaptive to spreading factor from SF12 to SF7 in each of 8 channels
◦ High sensitivity down to -140 dBm at 300 bit/s
◦ 6 dBm output power
◦ Support LoRaWAN® protocol Class A and Class C
◦ Support Semtech packet forwarder
◦ Support DNS and NTP
UM2587
Gateway hardware overview
UM2587 - Rev 2 page 6/51

Figure 5. STM32 Nucleo LoRaWAN® gateway (P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2)
Gateway additional features
• Programmable parallel demodulation paths
• LoRa® demodulators and 1 GFSK demodulator embedded
• Single +5 V supply
• AT command interface to re-configure the parameters of the gateway
– change frequency plan
– change IP of the gateway
– change MAC address and ID of the gateway
– change network server that supports Semtech packet forwarder
– set to use public server or private server
– change DNS address
– change NTP server address
UM2587
Gateway hardware overview
UM2587 - Rev 2 page 7/51

1.2.1 Gateway expansion board
The LRWAN_GS_HF1 gateway expansion board shown in Figure 6 is designed by RisingHF (www.risinghf.com).
It includes a Semtech SX1301 digital baseband circuit integrating the LoRa® concentrator, Semtech SX1257 HF
front-end transceiver module, and two SAW filters to achieve a wider bandwidth range (868 MHz to 915 MHz).
The expansion board is controlled by the NUCLEO-F746ZG via the SPI interface.
The gateway expansion board includes also an external +5 V power supply circuitry, which powers both the
gateway expansion board and NUCLEO-F746ZG development board. The NUCLEO-F746ZG is powered via pin
VIN (Pin 15 of connector CN8 on the Nucleo board).
For more details, refer to [3].
Figure 6. Gateway expansion board (P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2)
LF/HF identification
VIN
PF5 – GPIO4
PF10 – GPIO3
USB for external 5 V supply
ANT connector
(with protection cap)
PA5 – SCK (optional)
PA6 – MISO (optional)
PA6 – MOSI (optional)
PD14 – CSN (optional)
PD15 – Band Set1
PE9 – Band Set2
PF12 – RST
PE11 – CSN
PF13 – GPIO0
PF14 – GPIO1
PE13 – MISO
PF15 – GPIO2
PE12 – SCK
PE14 – MOSI
Table 1. P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 gateway expansion board pins description
Pin name Pin description
VIN Power supply to NUCLEO-F746ZG from external 5 V
PF5/PD12/PC4/PB9 -GPIO4 GPIO4 from SX1301
PF10/PD13/PC5/PB8 -GPIO3 GPIO3 from SX1301
PF15-GPIO2 GPIO2 from SX1301
PF14-GPIO1 GPIO1 from SX1301
PF13-GPIO0 GPIO0 from SX1301
PE11-CSN CSN of SPI for SX1301
UM2587
Gateway hardware overview
UM2587 - Rev 2 page 8/51

Pin name Pin description
PE13-MISO MISO of SPI for SX1301
PE12-SCK SCK of SPI for SX1301
PE14-MOSI MOSI of SPI for SX1301
PE15-RST Reset for SX1301
PD15-Band Set1 ST Nucleo LoRa GW HF
• PE9=0, PD15=1: Band EU868
• PE9=1, PD15=0: Band US915/AS915/AU915
PE9-Band Set2
PA5-SCK (optional) Backup SCK of SPI for SX1301
(no connection on board in default)
PA6-MISO (optional) Backup MISO of SPI for SX1301
(no connection on board in default)
PA7/PB5-MOSI (optional) Backup MOSI of SPI for SX1301
(no connection on board in default)
PD14-CSN (optional) Backup CSN of SPI for SX1301
(no connection on board in default)
Figure 7 presents the architecture of the LRWAN_GS_HF1 gateway expansion board.
Figure 7. Hardware architectures of the P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 gateway expansion board
Baseband
SX1301
Transceiver
SX1257
Transceiver
SX1257
LNA
Balun LTCC LPF
SW
SAW
868 MHz
SAW
915 MHz
SW SW
Emission
Legend: Reception
HF specific
UM2587
Gateway hardware overview
UM2587 - Rev 2 page 9/51

2P-NUCLEO-LRWAN3 starter pack overview
Figure 8 shows an overview of the P-NUCLEO-LRWAN3 starter pack, which includes a LoRaWAN® sensor
device and gateway as well as the antennas.
Instructions at the back of the insert card guide the users on how to power up and configure the sensor device
and gateway and setup the network.
The starter pack is configured to use the CN470Prequel frequency band with the sensor device in OTAA mode
and the gateway forwarding the packets to Loriot CN1 server. The pack is user configurable by firmware and by
AT commands.
Figure 8. STM32 Nucleo LoRaWAN® development kit (P-NUCLEO-LRWAN3 starter pack)
2.1 P-NUCLEO-LRWAN3 starter pack known limitation
The serial number of the NUCLEO-L073RZ MB1136 reference board is indicated on a sticker under the MB1136.
If the number is within the range from A191400001 to A191402004, the board must be updated with a new
firmware before use. Download the last firmware version available at www.st.com/i-cube-lrwan.
UM2587
P-NUCLEO-LRWAN3 starter pack overview
UM2587 - Rev 2 page 10/51