STMicroelectronics LED7707 Installation and operating instructions

May 2009 Doc ID 14893 Rev 1 1/17
AN2810
Application note
6-row 85 mA LED driver with boost
converter for LCD panel backlighting
Introduction
The LED7707 LED driver from STMicroelectronics consists of a high-efficiency monolithic
boost converter and six controlled current generators (rows), specifically designed to supply
LED arrays used in the backlighting of LCD panels. The device can manage an output
voltage up to 36 V (i.e. ten white-LEDs per row). The generators can be externally
programmed to sink up to 85 mA and can be dimmed via a PWM signal (1% of minimum
dimming duty-cycle at 1 kHz can be managed). The device allows detection and
management of open and shorted LED faults, and permits unused rows to be left floating.
Basic protections (output overvoltage, internal MOSFET overcurrent and thermal shutdown)
are provided.
Figure 1. LED7707 demonstration board
www.st.com

Contents AN2810
2/17 Doc ID 14893 Rev 1
Contents
1 LED7707 main features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.1 Boost section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2 Backlight driver section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2 LED7707 demonstration board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3 Component list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4 Component assembly and layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5 I/O interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6 Recommended equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7.1 SW1 fixed or adjustable switching frequency (FSW pin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7.2 SW2 fault management mode (MODE pin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
7.3 SW3 enable function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
8 Test setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
9 Getting started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
9.1 Quick startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
9.2 Open and shorted WLEDs fault testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
9.3 Device synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
9.4 Efficiency measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
10 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

AN2810 List of figures
Doc ID 14893 Rev 1 3/17
List of figures
Figure 1. LED7707 demonstration board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Figure 2. LED7707 demonstration board schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 3. Top side component placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 4. Bottom side test points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 5. SW1 (FSW) setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 6. SW2 (MODE) setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 7. LED7707 demonstration board and white LED test board assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Figure 8. LED7707 demonstration board test setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Figure 9. LED7707 synchronization setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 10. Efficiency measurement setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 11. Efficiency vs. DIM duty cycle, VIN=12 V, 6 rows, 10 white LEDs in series, IOUT = 360 mA 15
Figure 12. Efficiency vs. DIM duty cycle, VIN=24 V, 6 rows, 10 white LEDs in series, IOUT = 360 mA 15

LED7707 main features AN2810
4/17 Doc ID 14893 Rev 1
1 LED7707 main features
1.1 Boost section
●4.5 V to 36 V input voltage range
●Internal power MOSFET
●Internal +5 V LDO for device supply
●Up to 36 V output voltage
●Constant frequency peak current-mode control
●250 kHz to 1 MHz adjustable switching frequency
●External sync for multi-device application
●Pulse-skip power saving mode at light load
●Programmable soft-start
●Programmable OVP (overvoltage protection)
●Single ceramic output capacitor
●Non-latched thermal shutdown
1.2 Backlight driver section
●Six rows with 85 mA maximum current capability (adjustable)
●Up to 10 WLEDs per row
●Parallelable rows for higher current
●Row disable option
●Less than 10 µs minimum dimming time
●±2% current matching between rows
●LED failure (open and short-circuit) detection

AN2810 LED7707 demonstration board
Doc ID 14893 Rev 1 5/17
2 LED7707 demonstration board
The LED7707 demonstration board has been designed to manage six strings of 8 to 10
white LEDs each.
Table 1 summarizes the board features and Figure 2 shows the LED7707 demonstration
board schematic. The input voltage range is limited to 32 V because of the 35 V rated input
capacitor. An extended operating input voltage range (up to 36 V) can be achieved by using
a 50 V-rated MLCC.
Figure 2. LED7707 demonstration board schematic
Table 1. LED7707 performance summary
Parameter Conditions Value
Minimum input voltage 6 V
Maximum input voltage 32 V
Output voltage VIN<VBOOST<36 V
Output OVP threshold R1=510 kΩ, R2=16 kΩ38 V
Internal MOSFET OCP R7=360 kΩ3.3 A
Boost section switching frequency FSW pin to AVCC 660 kHz
FSW pin to R5=330 kΩ825 kHz
Minimum dimming on-time 400 Hz<FDIM<20 kHz 10 µs
Output current (each row) R6=24 kΩ75 mA
Output current accuracy ±2%
Efficiency VIN=12V , VBOOST=34 V,
FSW=660 kHz 91%
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Component list AN2810
6/17 Doc ID 14893 Rev 1
3 Component list
Table 2. LED7706 demonstration board component list
Qty Componen
tDescription Package Part-number MFR Value
1 C1 Ceramic, 35 V, X5R, 20% SMD 1210 UMK325BJ106KM-T Taiyo Yuden 10 µF
2 C2,C3 Ceramic, 50 V, X7R, 20% SMD 1206 GRM31CR71H475KA88B Murata 4.7 µF
1 C4 Ceramic, 50 V, X7R, 20% SMD 1206 N.M.
1 C5 Ceramic, 25 V, X5R, 20% SMD 0603 Standard 1 µF
1 C6 Ceramic, 25V , X5R, 20% SMD 0603 Standard 100 nF
1 C7 Ceramic, 25 V, X5R, 20% SMD 0603 Standard 3.3 nF
1 C8 Ceramic, 25 V, X5R, 20% SMD 0603 Standard 4.7 nF
1 C9 Ceramic, 25 V, X5R, 20% SMD 0603 Standard N.M.
1 C10 Ceramic, 25 V, X5R, 20% SMD 0402 Standard 220 pF
1 C11 Ceramic, 25 V, X5R, 20% SMD 0603 Standard 4.7 nF
1 C12 Ceramic, 25 V, X5R, 20% SMD 0603 Standard N.M.
1 C13 Ceramic, 25 V, X5R, 20% SMD 0603 Standard N.M.
1 R1 Chip resistor, 0.1 W, 1% SMD 0603 Standard 510 kΩ
1 R2 Chip resistor, 0.1 W, 1% SMD 0603 Standard 16 kΩ
1 R3 Chip resistor, 0.1 W, 1% SMD 0603 Standard 2.4 kΩ
1 R4 Chip resistor, 0.1 W, 1% SMD 0603 Standard 4.7 Ω
1 R5 Chip resistor, 0.1 W, 1% SMD 0603 Standard 330 Ω
1 R6 Chip resistor, 0.1 W, 1% SMD 0603 Standard 24 kΩ
1 R7 Chip resistor, 0.1 W, 1% SMD 0603 Standard 360 kΩ
1 R8 Chip resistor, 0.1 W, 1% SMD 0603 Standard 680 kΩ
2 R9, R10 Chip resistor, 0.1 W, 1% SMD 0603 Standard 100 kΩ
1 R11 Chip resistor, 0.1 W, 1% SMD 0603 Standard 1.2 kΩ
1 R12 Chip resistor, 0.1 W, 1% SMD 0603 Standard N.M.
1 R13 Chip resistor, 0.1 W, 1% SMD 0603 Standard N.M.
1 L1 68 µH, 75 mH, 5.8 A 7x7mm XPL7030-682ML Coilcraft 6.8 µH
1 D1 Schottky, 40 V, 1 A DO216-AA STPS1L40M ST STPS1L40M
1 D2 Red LED, 3 mA SMD 0603 Standard
1 D3 Signal Schottky SOD-523 BAS69 ST N.M.
1 U1 Integrated circuit QFN4x4 LED7707 ST LED7707
1 J2 PCB pad jumper

AN2810 Component assembly and layout
Doc ID 14893 Rev 1 7/17
4 Component assembly and layout
Figure 3. Top side component placement
Figure 4. Bottom side test points
Qty Componen
tDescription Package Part-number MFR Value
1 J8 Header 8 SIL 8 Standard
1 SW1, SW2 Jumper 3 SIL 3 Standard
1 SW3 Pushbutton 6x6mm FSM4JSMAT TYCO
Table 2. LED7706 demonstration board component list (continued)

I/O interface AN2810
8/17 Doc ID 14893 Rev 1
5 I/O interface
The LED7707 demonstration board is equipped with the test points described in Ta bl e 3.
6 Recommended equipment
●4.5 V to 32 V, 2 A capable power supply
●Digital multi-meters
●20 MHz oscilloscope
●Signal generators for PWM dimming and synchronization clock (optional)
7 Configuration
The LED7707 demonstration board allows the user to choose the desired mode of operation
using the SW1 and SW2 selectors (refer to the configuration description in the following
paragraphs). A red LED is connected to the FAULT pin to easily monitor its status; if this
option is not required, the monitor LED can be disconnected opening the J2 jumper.
7.1 SW1 fixed or adjustable switching frequency (FSW pin)
The SW1 selector is used to choose between the fixed switching frequency (660 kHz) and a
user-defined switching frequency in the range 250 kHz to 1 MHz (see Figure 5). When
placed in the “down” position, the fixed switching frequency is selected.
Table 3. LED7707 demonstration board test points description
Test point Description
VIN+ Input voltage, positive terminal
VIN- Input voltage, negative terminal
GND Reference ground
ROW1 to ROW6 Current generator output
VBOOST Boost regulator output voltage
DIM PWM dimming input
EN Enable input (active high)
SYNC Synchronization output
FSW Synchronization input
FAULT Fault signal, active low

AN2810 Configuration
Doc ID 14893 Rev 1 9/17
If SW1 is in the “up” position, the switching frequency is given by:
Equation 1
Figure 5. SW1 (FSW) setting
The R5 resistor is set to 330 kΩ(FSW = 825 kHz) and can be changed by the user.
7.2 SW2 fault management mode (MODE pin)
The SW2 selector is used to connect the MODE to AVCC or ground. When the jumper is set
to the upper position, the MODE pin is connected to ground and the corresponding fault
management is summarized in the first column of Ta bl e 4 .
Otherwise, when SW2 is set to the “down” position, the MODE pin is connected to AVCC
and the corresponding fault management is summarized in the second column of Ta bl e 4 .
Figure 6. SW2 (MODE) setting
FSW 2.5 R5 ⋅=
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Configuration AN2810
10/17 Doc ID 14893 Rev 1
7.3 SW3 enable function
The terminals of switch SW3 are connected on one side to the EN pin and on the other side
to ground. Therefore, when the switch is not pressed, the EN pin is floating, which implies
that the device is working. Pressing the SW3 pin connects the EN pin to ground. When SW3
is released, the device re-starts (a soft-start is performed). The SW3 switch can be activated
whenever a new startup is required or to escape a latched condition.
Table 4. Fault management summary
Fault MODE to GND MODE to VCC
Internal MOSFET
overcurrent
Fault pin HIGH
Power MOSFET turned off
Output overvoltage FAULT pin LOW
Power MOSFET turned off (hysteretic regulation)
Thermal shutdown FAULT pin LOW. Device turned off.
Automatic restart after 30 °C temperature drop.
LED short-circuit
Fault pin LOW
Device turned OFF (100 µA
masking time), latched
condition (Vth=4.0 V)
Open row(s)
Fault pin LOW
Device turned off at first
occurrence, latched condition
FAULT pin HIGH
Faulty row(s) disconnected
(100 µs masking time)

AN2810 Test setup
Doc ID 14893 Rev 1 11/17
8 Test setup
An appropriate white LED array is required as a load to correctly evaluate the LED7706.
Figure 7 shows a possible assembly of the LED7707 with a WLED test board. This
demonstration board includes 60 white LEDs (150 mA), switches, jumpers and test points
which can be used to easily perform functional testing of the LED7707.
Figure 7. LED7707 demonstration board and white LED test board assembly
Figure 8 shows the complete test setup.
Figure 8. LED7707 demonstration board test setup
PWM Generator
6V – 32V @ 2A
Power Supply
VBOOST
VIN+
VIN-
GND
DIM
+
A-Meter
CH2CH1
Scope
V-Meter
ROW1
6x10 – 75mA WLEDs ARRAY
PWM Generator
6V – 32V @ 2A
Power Supply
VBOOST
VIN+
VIN-
GND
DIM
+
A-Meter
CH2CH1
Scope
V-Meter
ROW1
6x10 – 75mA WLEDs ARRAY

Getting started AN2810
12/17 Doc ID 14893 Rev 1
9 Getting started
The following step-by-step instructions are provided as a guide for quick evaluation of the
performance of the LED7707 demonstration board.
9.1 Quick startup
1. Working in an ESD-protected environment is highly recommended. Check all wrist
straps and ESD mat earth connections before handling the LED7707 board
2. Connect the power supply to the LED7707 board and insert the A-meter as shown in
Figure 8. Connect a V-meter between VBOOST and ground to monitor the output
voltage
3. Connect the white LEDs array to the row1-row6 and VBOOST terminals of the
LED7707 board
4. Set the PWM signal (500 Hz, 5% duty-cycle, 3.3 V CMOS logic levels) on a signal
generator and connect it to the DIM input
5. Set SW1 and SW2 in the “down” position (fixed frequency and MODE to AVCC). Do not
change jumpers settings when the board is powered
6. Set the input voltage to 12 V
7. Turn-on the PWM generator
8. Turn-on the VIN supply. The device turns on
9. Vary the input voltage within the range 6 V - 32 V
10. Set the input voltage to 12 V
11. Vary the dimming duty-cycle from 1% to 100%
12. Check the shape of the row current at 10 us dimming on-time
Note: When used for rowx current measurement, some autoranging A-meters can trigger open-
row or shorted-LED fault detection during the automatic scale selection procedure.
Caution: Disabling the auto-ranging option on the A-meter is recommended.

AN2810 Getting started
Doc ID 14893 Rev 1 13/17
9.2 Open and shorted WLEDs fault testing
1. Set the input voltage to 12 V
2. Set the dimming duty-cycle to 20%
3. Set SW1 and SW2 in the “up” position
4. Turn-on the PWM generator and the supply in sequence
5. Disconnect the rows in sequence and compare the behavior of the LED7707 to Ta b l e 4
6. Restore all row connections and press the SW3 pushbutton on the LED7707 board to
reset the device
7. Short one or more WLEDs and compare the LED7707 behavior to Ta b l e 4
8. Press the SW3 pushbutton on the LED7707 board
9. Turn-off the power supply and set the SW2 selector to the “up” position (MODE to
ground)
10. Turn-on the power supply and repeat steps 5 through 8
11. Remove all shorted WLEDs and leave ROW1 and ROW2 floating
12. Turn-on the power supply. The floating rows are ignored
13. Turn-off the PWM generator
14. Turn-off the power supply
9.3 Device synchronization
1. Set the PWM dimming signal to 100%
2. Remove the jumper from the SW1 selector to leave the FSW pin floating
3. Connect an external 700 kHz clock generator (0 V-1 V logic levels, 30% duty-cycle)
between the FSW test point and ground. Refer to Figure 9
4. Turn-on the PWM generator
5. Turn-on the power supply. The device remains off until the FSW pin is low
6. Turn-on the clock generator. The device turns on
7. Monitor the SYNC output and verify the synchronization (the SYNC output is a replica
of the FSW signal)
8. Turn-off the PWM generator
9. Turn-off the clock generator
10. Turn-off the power supply

Getting started AN2810
14/17 Doc ID 14893 Rev 1
Figure 9. LED7707 synchronization setup
9.4 Efficiency measurements
Figure 10 shows the setup used to perform the efficiency measurements. The efficiency in
this device is typically defined as the ratio between the power provided to the load (current
flowing through the LEDs multiplied by the voltage across the LEDs) and the total input
power. The power dissipated in the current generators is correctly considered as a power
loss. This way of calculating the efficiency implies that the voltage across the LEDs is the
same for all the strings. However this is not true. The power delivered to the load should be
calculated as follows:
Equation 2
where VSTRING_i is the voltage across the LEDs in row i, whereas ISTRING_i is the current
flowing through the row i. To facilitate the measurement, the voltage drop of all the
generators is equalized by connecting them together. In this condition, the power provided to
the LEDs is simple to calculate:
Equation 3
where VSTRING is the voltage across the parallelized channels, whereas ISTRING is the total
current delivered to the load (the sum of the current of the six channels). Since all the
PWM Generator
4.5V – 32V @ 2A
Power Supply
6x10 – 75mA LEDs ARRAY
VBOOST
VIN+
VIN-
GND
DIM
+
CH2CH1
Scope
700kHz – 30%
Clock Generator
FSW
SYNC
PWM Generator
4.5V – 32V @ 2A
Power Supply
6x10 – 75mA LEDs ARRAY
VBOOST
VIN+
VIN-
GND
DIM
+
CH2CH1
Scope
700kHz – 30%
Clock Generator
700kHz – 30%
Clock Generator
FSW
SYNC
PLOAD VSTRINGi
i1=
6
∑ISTRINGi
⋅=
PLOAD VSTRING ISTRING
⋅=

AN2810 Getting started
Doc ID 14893 Rev 1 15/17
channels are in parallel, a single string of 700 mA-rated LEDs is required as load
(Figure 10).
Figure 10. Efficiency measurement setup
Figure 11 and 12 shows two efficiency measurements versus the duty cycle of the dimming
signal at two different input voltages.
Figure 11. Efficiency vs. DIM duty cycle,
VIN=12 V, 6 rows, 10 white
LEDsinseries,IOUT= 3 6 0 m A
Figure 12. Efficiency vs. DIM duty cycle,
VIN=24 V, 6 rows, 10 white
LEDs in series, IOUT = 360 mA
PWM Generator
4.5V – 32V @ 2A
Power Supply
10 WLEDs 700mA array
VBOOST
VIN+
VIN-
GND
DIM
+
A-Meter
V-Meter
ROW1
V-Meter A-Meter
PWM Generator
4.5V – 32V @ 2A
Power Supply
10 WLEDs 700mA array
VBOOST
VIN+
VIN-
GND
DIM
+
A-Meter
V-Meter
ROW1
V-Meter A-Meter

Revision history AN2810
16/17 Doc ID 14893 Rev 1
10 Revision history
Table 5. Document revision history
Date Revision Changes
26-May-2009 1 Initial release

AN2810
Doc ID 14893 Rev 1 17/17
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