SUREHATCH SETTER SH2160 User manual

USER MANUAL
MODEL:SH2160SETTER
DIGITAL AUTOMATIC INCUBATOR
VERY IMPORTANT!
READ THIS MANUAL BEFORE USING YOUR INCUBATOR

Table of Contents
Page 2 - 5:
Location and placement of your incubator
What you will find inside your incubator
How to use your Incubator Control Panel
Page 6 - 9:
How to operate your incubator
How to load eggs in your incubator
Managing the hatching process
Page 9 - 15:
Daily Checklist for your incubator
Incubation Problem Solving
________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your choosing Surehatch!
Incubation and hatching is an exciting journey –thank you for trusting Surehatch as your incubator
brand of choice in this endeavor. We wish you all the best and hope that you enjoy this journey as
much as we do!
Feel free to contact us for advice or assistance at the details below. Join the Surehatch Egg
Incubator Owner’s Club on Facebook and meet some fellow Surehatch users!
Happy hatching!
Team Surehatch
Facebook: Surehatch Egg Incubator Owner’s Club
Instagram: @surehatch
Website: www.surehatch.com
E-mail: [e-mail]
Technical Specs: SH2160 Setter Incubator
Voltage: 120V AC, 60Hz Single Phase
For Indoor Use Only
Take caution when operating as moving parts can cause injury

Surehatch Incubators have been designed for easy operation to produce the best possible
hatch rates taking all the variables of successful incubation into account.
All Surehatch incubators and hatchers have been tested in our factory and are made to
high quality standards. Ultimately the success of your hatchery operation lies in the hands of the
hatchery manager/user and the quality of the hatching eggs. It is therefore critically important that
the hatchery manager ensures that he/she follows the best recommended practices for successful
incubation.
The information provided in this user manual aims to help ensure optimal functioning of the incubator
to achieve the best possible incubation results. In addition to the contents of this user manual we also
recommend that you further your knowledge of incubation by studying additional hatchery
management info available on the internet.
NOTE: It is recommended that you operate the incubator with a small quantity of
inexpensive eggs to be assured of your operating procedures and the performance of the
incubator before attempting to hatch large quantities of eggs or expensive eggs.
Success in incubation has 3 main pillars which determines hatching results –these are:
1) The incubator (That is our part)
2) The quality of the hatching eggs (That is up to the hen and cock)
3) The inputs/management of the entire process (That is you)
All 3 pillars need to work together to produce a successful hatch. Below shows the interaction of all
the variables which determine incubation success:

Hatching Egg quality and Pre-Incubation Egg Storage
It is important to note that the incubator can only give good hatch rates if the eggs which are placed in it is
of good quality. Infertile eggs will never hatch, poor quality eggs will give low hatch rates. Good quality hatching
eggs havethe best chances of successful hatching. Shipped eggs have lower hatchability due to the
vibration/disturbances to the embryo and non-ideal temperature conditions during transport.

Only use good quality, clean fertile hatching eggs
- Do not store eggs for longer than 7 days before incubating. On average, one day’s
storage adds one hour to incubation time. This must be taken into account when eggs are set, so
freshand stored eggs should be set at different times
- The longer you store the eggs, the lower the hatch rate. Hatchability is depressed
by prolonged storage. The effect increases with storage time after the initial six-day period,
resulting in losses of 0.5 to 1.5% per day with the percent increasing as storage extends
further
- Use eggs from good medium aged flock –young birds produce small eggs which are not ideal
for incubation. Older flock produce eggs which have lower hatchability
- Only set eggs which are uniform and clean. Never set “dirty” eggs – eggs with visible
manureon, as you will introduce pathogens into the incubator
- Don’t wipe eggs before setting as you will close the egg pores which they need to breathe
through –rather use a brush to clean eggs
- If you smell a bad egg, remove immediately and discard
- Candle eggs after 10 days in the incubator to check for fertility. Eggs cannot be checked
for fertility before 10 days in the incubator
- Remove eggs which are not fertile as they can potentially become “poppers” – eggs that
burstand release pathogens
- Don’t use a permanent marker when marking eggs. The egg can absorb the toxic
chemicals inthe permanent marker which leads to potential early death. Rather write on the plastic
tray
- Never mix waterfowl (like duck eggs) with dry or game fowl (like chickens) in the same
incubator or hatcher. Waterfowl have potential pathogens on their shells which may negativelyaffect
chicken eggs and cause early deaths of embryos
- Place eggs with their sharp end pointing downwards both in storage as well as when
placing inthe incubator

Location/Placement of the incubator
•Incubator/hatcher must be placed INDOORS.
•Select a suitable room which has an average temperature of 68°F - 82°F
•Don’t let the room temperature exceed 86° F. The incubator/hatcher cools down via the air
which it pulls in from the room. If the room temperature goes over 86°F the incubator will struggle
to cool down and can potentially overheat the eggs
•Have a reliable source of electricity - (110V Household Electricity –Single Phase).
If you use a generator as a back-up make sure it’s an INVERTER GENERATOR. Any other type
of generator could damage the electronics.
•Ensure that the floor surface is level where you place the incubator. The door of your
incubator/hatcher will not shut properly if the floor is uneven.
•Place the incubator/hatcher away from direct sunlight. You may place the incubator on a
table or on the ground, whichever suits you best. Place the incubator 2 feet away from a corneror
wall so that air can move around it freely.
•The room must have good ventilation. It’s important that there is always fresh air that
comes into the room.
•Depending on your room layout, we recommended that you make use of a wall/window
extractor fan to pull the air out of the room. As eggs develop into chicks, they release C02 (Carbon
Dioxide) which needs to be extracted out of the room. Ensure that fresh air (Oxygen)enters the
room. Ideally the air in the room needs to be replaced by fresh air every 4 to 6 hours.
•Try to maintain on average a 50% to 60% humidity in the ROOM. It is normal for humidity
to fluctuate day by day –this is fine as long as you don’t have extremes (Like 20% or 90% humidity
in the room). Your incubator has been designed to be capable to regulate its humidityunder most
conditions –however, the more stable the room humidity, the easier it is for your incubator to
regulate.
•If you are in a very dry climate, place some water pans in the room to increase humidity. If you
maintain an average room temperature as suggested earlier then your room humidity usually results
in about 50%
•If you are in a very humid climate, you can remove the water pan/containers out of the
incubator/hatcher to decrease humidity in the incubator/hatcher
•Maintaining hygiene is particularly important in your incubator/hatchers as well as
in the hatchery room. Do not keep chicks in same room as the incubator/hatcher. Use a
separate room to placehatched chicks. This is done to maintain hygiene.
•We recommend having strict access control to the hatchery room. Do not let any unauthorized
persons tamper with the incubators/hatchers while you are away.

Some basics about incubation you need to know
•Chicken eggs take 21 days to incubate
•For the first 18 days eggs are placed in plastic egg trays (Also called the setter)
•On the morning of day 18 the eggs must be moved from the plastic egg trays(setter) to
the hatcher (Hatching crates below the egg tray).
•The eggs must lay still in the hatcher. On day 21/22 the chicks will start hatching.Chicks can
be left inside the incubator for up to 24 hours after they have hatched.
•DO NOT TO OPEN THE INCUBATOR/HATCHER FROM DAY 18 to 21 –opening the door
causes major moisture loss and may “shrink-wrap” the chicks inside the eggs
•Ideal incubation temperature is 99.5°F (Fluctuations between 96°F to 101°F is normal). Your
incubator is pre-set to regulate the temperature to 99.5°F
•Ideal incubator humidity: Day 1 to 18: 50-60%. Day 18 to 21: 60-65%
•Eggs must lose 12% of weight due to moisture loss in the first 18 days.
•Only eggs which are fertile can stand a chance to hatch. There are various reasons why
eggs don’t hatch –at the end of this manual you will find reasons why eggs fail to hatch. You
can check if the eggs are fertile after 10 days in the incubator. You can’t check for fertility
before they are placed in the incubator.

CONTENTS INSIDE YOUR INCUBATOR:
Plastic Egg Trays:
Eggs are placed in the
egg trays for the first 18
days of incubation.
(Remove plastic cable
ties before use)
Plastic Water Pan:
Water evaporating from the pan
creates humidity required for
incubation.
The water pan will automatically fill
itself with water coming from the
bucket on top of the machine.
Incubator Control Panel:
Shows incubator
temperature and humidity %
Water Bucket:
Must be filled with clean
water. Bucket supplies
water to water pan inside.
Refill when empty
Temperature and
humidity Sensor:
Sensitive to water.
Don’t spray water directly
onto sensor when
cleaning machine!
Egg
Turner
Motor
with
release
clutch
Humidity Control
Air Vent
Connection
pipe for
water
bucket
Auto ON/OFF Switch:
Incubator will switch off
when you open the door
and back on as you close it

STARTING UP YOUR INCUBATOR:
STEP 1: Plug in your incubator:
Switch ON your incubator by plugging it in to the wall plug.
STEP 2: Connect water bucket to incubator and fill bucket with water
Your incubator has an automatic float valve inside that will allow water to flow into the inside water pan
from the bucket on top of the machine. Make sure that you check the bucket daily and fill with CLEAN
WATER as required.
STEP 3: SETTING INCUBATOR TEMPERATURE: (This will take about 1 hour)
The incubator has been factory set to heat up to 99.5°F (37.5 Degrees Celsius) when you
switch it on. The incubator will take about 1 hour to heat up to 99.5°F
***You can change the temperature display from Fahrenheit to Celsius by pressingboth TEMP
UP and TEMP DOWN together at the same time and keeping it pressed for 6 seconds.
Next steps:
- Close incubator door
- Wait for incubator to reach 99.5°F
- To change the incubator temperature set-point simply press the “Temp Up” or “Temp Down” Button
(Generally not required –only for advanced users)

Incubator Control Panel:
STEP 4: SETTING INCUBATOR HUMIDITY
(This will take 1 to 2 hours)
You can start adjusting humidity once the incubator hasbeen running at a temperature of 99.5°F for an at
least 1 hour.
The main way in which to change humidity on your incubator/hatcher is to adjust the Humidity Control
Air Vents on the front of the incubator. (Slide these plastic vents up or down to open or close the
vents).
*****The more open the vent is, the less the humidity will be. The less open, the higher the
humidity will be.
Never close the humidity control air vents completely –it’s always good to keep them slightly
open to assist in sufficient air exchanges for the eggs.
Incubator
Temperature
Ideal = 99.5°F
Incubator
Humidity
(Ideal 50%
to 65%)
Incubator
Light
ON/OFF
Switch
Egg
Turner
ON/OFF
Switch
Humidity Control
Air Vents
(Slide to adjust
humidity)

During incubation, water vapor is lost from the egg through the pores of the shell. The rate at which
this moisture is lost depends on the number and size of the pores (the gas conductance of the shell)
and the humidity in the air around the egg. For best hatchability, an egg must lose 12% of its weight
by 18 days of incubation.
HUMIDITY SETTINGS (IDEAL = 50% to 65%)
Humidity % is determined by the surface area of the water container/ pan and the amount of fresh air exchange in the incubator.
You can regulate humidity % by decreasing or increasing the SURFACE AREA of the water and by regulating the fresh air that
comes into the incubator
The ideal humidity % for incubation is between 50% and 65%
TO INCREASE HUMIDITY %
1) Fill water container/pan with WARM WATER
2) Adjust the HUMIDITY CONTROL AIR VENT in the front of the incubator to a LESS OPEN/ MORE CLOSED position
If the above two steps fail to increase humidity, do the following in addition to the above:
3) Place water pans and humidifier in the room where the incubator is standing to increase room humidity
TO DECREASE HUMIDITY %
1) Adjust the AIR VENT in front to a MORE OPEN / LESS CLOSED position
2) Remove one of the water containers
If the above two steps fail to decrease humidity, do the following:
3) Remove both water containers completely (Only in very humid / wet areas)
4) Place a dehumidifier in the room (Only in very humid / wet areas)
After you are satisfied with the temperature and humidity you may place the eggs in the incubator

REMEMBER TO PLACE THE EGGS WITH THEIR SHARP END
POINTING DOWNWARDS IN THE TRAY AS SHOWN BELOW
Eggs must be in the egg trays for the first 18 days before transferring
them to the hatching baskets.
IMPORTANT NOTICE:
When packing eggs spread them evenly throughout the trays. Don’t
place all the eggs in the front or the back of the egg racks. If you
pack all the eggs in the front of the incubator the eggs turner will not
turn –this is an automatic safety feature to prevent turner motor
from unnecessary strain.
To avoid temperature shock to the embryo and consequent condensation on the shell, eggs should
be removed from the egg room and pre-warmed before setting. Ideally, eggs should be pre-warmed
in a room at around 75-80 °F (24-27 °C) so that all can achieve the desired temperature.
Effective aircirculation and correct room temperature are essential to achieve the necessary even
pre-warming ofeggs. Uneven pre-warming increases variation in hatch time - precisely the opposite
of the desired effect of pre-warming. Even with good air circulation, it will take 8 hours for eggs to
reach 78 °F (25°C), irrespective of their initial temperature. With poor air circulation, it may take twice
as long.
So, the recommendation is to:
•Provide good air circulation around the eggs.
•Allow 6 to 12 hours for pre-warming.
Sharp end of the egg must point
downwards in the tray

Automatic Egg Turning:
Egg Turning:
Your Surehatch Incubator is automatically set to turn the eggs every hour.
When loading eggs into the incubator you can disengage the egg turner motor by pressing the clutch
button.
Remember, eggs must be in the setter trays for the first 18 days and must be moved by hand to the hatcher on
the morning of day 18. Chicks will start hatching from day 21/22.
Disengaging the egg turner motor (For when you want to load eggs)
If you want to load eggs and the egg trays are angled at their 45 degree angle, you can disengage the turner
motor in order to make the trays horizontal.
How to disengage the turner motor:
Step 1:
Flip the EGG TURNER switch to OFF (Located on the front control panel)
Step 2:
Open the incubator door
Step 3:
Press the clutch button on the turner motor as shown below (Round Grey “Push”button).
If you press this button the trays will be able to move freely –See picture below
Turner Motor with
GREY Clutch PUSH
button

Step 4:
Make sure you are holding the egg rack with your one hand while pressing the clutch button.
BE CAREFULL when pressing the clutch button as the egg trays will move to a center position.
Step 5:
Release the clutch button –the tray will now stay in position
Step 6:
Load the eggs/trays
Step 7:
Once trays are loaded onto the racks, Flip the EGG TURNER switch back ON. The racks will start
turning immediately.
Step 8:
Close the incubator door properly when done and observe how the trays are moving
Press Grey
Clutch button
and racks will
move freely

Incubator light:
Your incubator has a light located on the inside of the incubator. This light may be switched on in
order to view the eggs or chicks inside the incubator.
VERY IMPORTANT: Don’t leave the light on as this will negatively effect the functioning of the
incubator. Only use the light when necessary. Switch the light OFF after you have viewed the
eggs/chicks inside the incubator.
CONGRATULATIONS!
YOU HAVE NOW SUCCESSFULLY SET UP YOUR SUREHATCH EGG INCUBATOR.
NEXT YOU NEED TO FOLLOW THE DAILY CHECKLIST
Remember to clean the incubator after each hatch. Sanitation is CRITICALLY importantfor
successful hatching. Before loading any eggs, clean the incubator by wiping the insides with
a cloth and incubator sanitizer. It is essential that the incubator and trays/crates be cleaned
thoroughly between hatches.
Before cleaning inside the incubator, be sure to disconnect its electrical cord from theoutlet
to avoid possible electrical shock. Take care not to introduce moisture or waterinto the
electrical system of the incubator and allow all surfaces to dry before again reconnecting
the electrical cord to the outlet.
BE CAREFUL not to spray water directly onto the temperature or humidity sensor
located inside the machine as this will damage the sensor.

DAILY CHECKLIST FOR YOUR SUREHATCH INCUBATOR:
Check the following once per day —Correct where necessary
- CHECK Electricity - Electricity must always be ON. Power interruptions will negatively
affect the eggs.
- CHECK Incubator Temperature
Ideal temperature is 99.5°F (Fluctuation between 96°F to 101°F is normal)
- CHECK Incubator Humidity
Ideal humidity % for incubation is between 50% and 65%. Humidity takes hours to build
up and is quickly lost when the incubator door is opened. It is normal for humidity to fluctuate 10% to
15% from day to day due to changes in outside humidity.
- CHECK Incubator Fan - Must always be ON and spinning
- CHECK Egg Turner Switch —Must always be switched ON after loading and handling
eggs
- Check for smelly, rotten eggs —remove and throw away if any
- Check that FRESH AIR is coming into the room
- CHECK that nothing is blocking incubator AIR VENT
- CHECK that there’s NO DIRECT SUNLIGHT on the incubator
- CHECK ROOM TEMPERATURE —Ideal room temperature = 68°F - 82°F
- Don’t let the room temperature exceed 86° F.
- CLOSE incubator DOOR after you have opened it.
- Make sure no one can tamper with incubator while you are away!
- ONLY incubate CLEAN, FRESH, FERTILE eggs
MAINTAINING BIOSECURITY AND HYGIENE
- WIPE CLEAN the insides of your incubator after every hatch
- WASH YOUR HANDS EVERY TIME BEFORE you work with the incubator or touch
the eggs
- WASH your hatching crate/s and egg trays after every hatch with disinfectant
- Keep your incubation room clean and sanitized!
- Throw away any eggs which are smelly, dirty or rotten

Trouble Shooting Failures with Egg Incubation
When incubation of eggs fails, indications are often available that a well trained
professionaluses for diagnosing the causes for failure. The information listed below
includes the more common symptoms for incubation failures, the causes for each symptom,
and the recommended corrective measures Symptoms of incubation/breeder management
problemsinclude:
•Clear eggs with no visible embryonic development.
•Blood rings in incubated eggs.
•Many dead embryos at an early stage.
•Chicks fully formed, but dead without pipping.
•Pipped eggs, but died without hatching.
•Early hatching.
•Late hatching or not hatching uniformly.
•Sticky embryos.
•Embryos sticking or adhering to shell.
•Crippled and malformed chicks.
•Abnormal, weak, or small chicks.
•Chicks with labored breathing.
•Large, soft-bodied mushy chicks.
•Rough or unhealed navels on chicks.
•Short down on chicks.
•Excessive yellow down color.
Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Clear Eggs with no
embryonic
development
(infertiles)
Males undernourished
Follow a recommended feeding program to
provide adequate nutrition. Replace
underweight males with vigorous ones
Too few males
Increase the number of males in the flock.
Seasonal decline in fertility
Use young cockerels more resistant to
environmental stress.
Competition among breeding
males
Do not use too many males. Rear all males
together. Place temporary partitions within
large pens.
Diseased flock
Conduct an approved disease control
program.
Frozen combs and wattles
Provide comfortable housing. Properly select
and maintain drinking fountains.
Old males
Replace with younger males.
Selected mating in pens
Artificially inseminate infertile hens. Replace
males in the pen/house.
Male sterility
Replace males in the pen/house.
Crowded breeders
Provide recommended floor space, at least 3
ft²/bird.

Improper artificial
insemination techniques or
use of old/over-diluted
semen.
Follow recommendations of primary breeder
company.
Eggs damaged by
environment
Gather eggs frequently (at least once daily).
Eggs stored too long or
incorrectly
Store eggs at 50-60 degrees F. and 60%
relative humidity. Incubate eggs within 7
days of lay.
Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Blood rings
Improper storage
Follow recommended egg storage and
gathering recommendations.
Improper incubation
temperatures
Check thermometer accuracy and incubator
functions. Follow recommended temperature
settings.
Improper breeder nutrition
Feed breeders a diet with balanced nutrient
levels.
Improper fumigation
Follow fumigation recommendations.
Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Many dead
embryos at early
stages
Improper incubation
temperatures (usually too
high)
Follow recommended incubation temperatures.
Improper egg turning
Turn at least 3 times daily.
Inherited low hatchability
Avoid cross breeding. May need to secure
different breeding stock.
Improper ventilation
Increase ventilation rate in incubator and/or
room, but avoid drafts. Add oxygen at high
altitudes.
Pullorum disease or other
salmonelloses
Use eggs from disease-free sources. Have NPIP
representatives blood-test the breeder flock.
Improper nutrition of breeders
Provide a well-balanced nutritional diet to breeders
Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Chicks fully formed,
but dead without
pipping
Low average humidity
Maintain recommended humidity for species ofbird
incubated.
Improper incubation
temperature
Check thermometer accuracy and incubator
functions. Follow recommended temperature
settings.
Improper ventilation in
incubator
Adjust ventilation to provide optimum moisture-
loss rate from egg during incubation.
Improper turning of eggs
Turn eggs at least three times daily until 3 days
prior to hatching.
Chilling of eggs
Gather eggs frequently and store under proper
conditions.
Diseased or poorly
conditioned breeder flock
Conduct a good disease control and breeder
management program. Use a well-balanced
nutritional diet.

Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Pipped eggs, but
died without
hatching
Insufficient moisture
Increase humidity during the hatching period.
Improper ventilation
Increase ventilation rate in incubator and/or
room, but avoid drafts.
Improper setting of eggs
causing malpositioned
embryos
Set eggs with small end down. Turn eggs
properly but avoid turning within 3 days of
hatching.
Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Early hatching (may
have bloody navels)
High incubation
temperatures
Follow recommended incubation temperatures.
Check equipment for proper function. Guard
against electrical surges or high incubator room
temperatures.
Improper egg storage
Store eggs at 60 Degrees F. and 60% R.H. Turnat
least 3 times daily.
Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Late hatching or not
hatching uniformly
Low incubation
temperatures
Follow recommended incubation temperatures.
Old or improperly stored
eggs
Gather eggs frequently, cool immediately and
store eggs properly. Do not store longer than 7
days.
Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Sticky embryos
(embryos may be
smeared with egg
contents)
High average incubation
humidity
Follow recommended incubation humidity. Check
size of air cell as an indicator for adjusting humidity
condition.
Low incubation
temperature
Follow recommended temperature settings.
Lethal genes
Avoid cross breeding. May need to secure different
breeding stock.
Inadequate ventilation
Increase ventilation rate in incubator and/or room,
but avoid drafts.
Improper fumigation ofeggs
Fumigate eggs by following the procedure
carefully.
Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Embryos sticking or
adhering to shell
Low incubation humidity
(especially during
hatching)
Increase incubation humidity by increasing water
evaporation. Embryos dried too much.
Excessive ventilation rate
Reduce ventilation rate but maintain minimum air
exchange to prevent suffocation of embryos.

Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Abnormal, weak, or
small chicks
High incubation or hatching
temperatures
Follow recommended incubation temperatures.
Small eggs hatch small
chicks
Set only standard or large sized eggs.
Insufficient incubation
humidity
Maintain recommended humidity for species of
bird incubated..
Improper ventilation in
hatcher unit
Increase ventilation rate, but avoid drafts.
Diseased or poorly
conditioned breeder flock
Use eggs from disease-free sources only. Have
NPIP representatives blood-test the breeder
flock.
Improper nutrition of breeders
Provide a well-balanced nutritional diet to
breeders (especially vitamin levels).
Excessive fumigation in
Fumigate using proper procedures.
Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Crippled and
malformed chicks
Improper incubation
temperatures (usually too high)
Follow recommended incubation temperatures.
Low incubation humidity
Increase incubation humidity by increasing water
evaporation. Embryos dried too much.
Improper egg setting position or
turning during incubation
Set eggs with small ends down. Turn eggs atleast
3 times daily. Do not turn eggs within 3
days of hatching.
Heredity
Proper culling and breeding practices will reduce
problems.
Slick hatching trays
Use trays with wire floors or place crinoline on
hatching surface.
Improper nutrition of breeders
Provide a well-balanced nutritional diet to
breeders.
Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Chicks with labored
breathing
Excessive use of fumigant
Follow recommended fumigation procedures.
Respiratory diseases
Check disease status of breeder flock. Conduct a
thorough cleanup and disinfection of incubator and
hatching facilities.
Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Rough or unhealed
navels
Improper incubation
temperatures
Follow recommended incubation temperatures.
High hatching humidity
Maintain proper humidity.
Navel infection (Omphalitis)
Clean and disinfect incubator and hatching units
between settings of eggs. Maintain dry hatching
trays. Properly store and fumigate eggs.
Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
Short down on
chicks
High incubation
temperatures
Follow recommended incubation temperatures.
Low incubation humidity
Follow suggestions to correct insufficient
humidity.
Excessive ventilation
Reduce vent openings to restrict but maintain
adequate air exchange.