Synetica enLink Status-L User manual

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enLink Status-L
Water Leakage Sensor User Guide
LoRaWAN Wireless Water Leakage Sensor
•LoRaWAN long range wireless.
•Battery powered
•Available with various leak detection rope lengths
•Detects leaks over the entire length of the cable
•Configurable alarm threshold sensitivity
•Adaptive transmission intervals
enLink Status-L detects the presence of water leaks, flooding
and condensation using water detection cable. Leakage or
moisture is detected over the entire length of the cable,
various cable lengths are available to facilitate leakage
sensing over a wide area.
When a leak is detected, a message is transmitted using
long range LoRa wireless to generate an alarm, so early
action can be taken.
Readings are transmitted to the cloud using long range LoRa
wireless, where the data can be displayed and analysed.
The unit is battery powered with long life of 3+ years#.
A built in USB port allows all parameters including detection
thresholds, sampling interval, wireless signal strength and
wireless network configuration to be viewed and set using
simple menus via any USB enabled host such as a PC or
Mac.
Features
•Various Rope lengths available
•LoRa long range wireless
•Frequency Range 863-870MHz*
•Frequency Range 902-928MHz*
•Up to +16dBm Tx Power
•Built in USB port for power and
configuration
•Battery powered
•CE / FCC compliant
•RoHS compliant
•Made in the UK
*Option / Model dependent
# Dependent on settings and environment

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1. Introduction
enLink Status-L Water Leak Sensor helps protect your critical infrastructure from water related damage
which could be caused by issues like faulty HVAC systems, leaks in pipes and adverse weather conditions.
The unit detects the presence of water using a special conductive water detection cable. The leak detection
sampling interval and detection thresholds can be user configured for the application. Adaptive LoRaWAN
transmission interval immediately notifies a detection event together with regular “heartbeat”status
messages for assurance that the system is operating correctly.
2. Configuration
enLink LoRaWAN devices are configured using OTAA (Over-the-Air-Activation).
OTAA is the most secure way to connect a device to the LoRaWAN network. In OTAA, the device performs a
Join-procedure with the network, during which a dynamic DevAddr (device address) is assigned and security
keys are negotiated with the device.
The OTAA configuration requires the following parameters to be correctly set:
•DevEUI: End-device Identifier. It is unique for every device and is set at device manufacture.
•AppEUI: Application Identifier. Used to identify the end application.
•AppKey: Application key. Used to create the session keys.
*Note: In LoRaWAN 1.1, AppEUI was renamed to JoinEUI.
For many applications Synetica can supply enLink Status with the AppEUI and AppKey pre-configured, so
providing the LoRa gateway has the matching values, the join process will happen automatically once the
Status unit is in wireless range and switched on.
The DevEUI is always set at device manufacture and is unique. The device AppEUI and AppKey can easily be
set via the USB connection if required and the process is detailed later in this document.

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3. Join enLink devices to the LoRaWAN network
enLink devices in wireless range and with the correct AppEUI and AppKey settings set will automatically join
the LoRaWAN network when they are first powered up.
The unique DevEUI is printed on all enLink devices and is also present in the QR code. The DevEUI can be
used to identify the device once joined to the network.
To power the device ON, remove the cover of the enLink Status by unscrewing the two screws on the cover.
Locate the power switch and using small screwdriver gently slide the power switch towards the ON position
as shown.
Switch to the ON position
Once powered ON, the enLink device will send a Join request message to the LoRaWAN network server. The
Status LED will blink RED as shown below whilst the Join process is taking place. Depending on factors such
as signal strength, RF interference etc. the join process may take several seconds to complete.
Blinking Red LED –Attempting Join
When the device has successfully joined the network the Mode LED will blink GREEN five times to show that
the join has been completed. The LED’s will then switch off to conserve the batteries.
Blinking Green LED –Device Successfully Joined
On
Off

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4. Setting / changing the enLink LoRaWAN keys
For many applications, Synetica can supply enLink units with the LoRaWAN AppEUI and AppKey parameters
pre-configured to your requirements, whereby if the LoRa gateway has matching keys the join process will
happen automatically once the unit is in wireless range and switched on.
The DevEUI is always set at device manufacture and is unique. The device AppEUI and AppKey can easily be
set via the USB connection as detailed below.
Connect a micro USB cable to the enLink unit. The device will attach to a COM port on your PC.
Using a terminal program (e.g. Tera Term https://ttssh2.osdn.jp/) connect to the COM port used by the
enLink device.
To verify which COM port is being used, check the Windows™ Device Manager (In Windows - Click the Start
button, type device manager into the search box and tap Device Manager on the menu.) Expand the Ports
(Com & LPT) menu as shown below.
In your terminal program press the Enter key. An enLink summary screen will appear as shown below. The
default password is the last four digits of the displayed DevEUI, in the screen below this is b291.
enLink logon screen
The screen below will show with the enLink Main Menu options. Enter Qto enter the Quick Start Menu.
enLink Main Menu

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The Quick Start Menu contains only the parameters that normally need to be configured to setup the device
and join the LoRa network.
From the Quick Start Menu you can change the AppEUI and AppKey.
Quick Start Settings Menu
From the Quick Start Settings Menu, access the AppEUI setting by entering e. Enter the 16 character AppEUI
using numbers and letters a to f. Do not include spaces or any other characters. Pressing Swill enter the
default AppEUI which you can then edit. Rwill set a random AppEUI. Press Enter when the key is correctly
entered to return to the Quick Start Settings Menu.
AppEUI setting
From the Quick Start Settings Menu access the AppKey setting by entering k. Enter the 32 character Appkey
using numbers and letters a to f. Do not include spaces or any other characters. Pressing Swill enter the
default AppKey which you can then edit. Rwill set a random AppKey. Press Enter when the key is correctly
entered to return to the Quick Start Settings Menu.
AppKey setting
Press Xfrom the Quick Start Settings Menu to return to the enLink Main menu.

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The header will show ** Reboot Required ** as shown below. The new key settings will not take effect until
the enLink device is restarted. Enter Rto reboot followed by OK. The device will restart with the entered
AppEUI and AppKey and attempt to join the LoRa network.
Reboot Required notification
Check your LoRaWAN network server to verify that the enLink device has joined successfully.
5. Setting / changing the transmit interval
Access the Transmit Interval setting by entering t from the quick start menu.
Transmit Interval settings
The transmit interval can be at affixed interval, or “adaptive”. Adaptive is recommended as when a leak event
is detected a LoRaWAN message can be sent immediately, rather than waiting for the scheduled time.
If a fixed transmit interval is used, 15 minutes or longer is recommended to extend battery life.
To select Adaptive Transmit Interval select the Aoption and then change the settings for the Adaptive Min
interval and Adaptive Max interval as required.
With adaptive transmit interval set, when a change of alarm state occurs a wireless message is sent
immediately, however messages will not be sent more frequently than the Adaptive Min interval. The
Adaptive Max interval acts like a heartbeat, so if no change of alarm state occurs then a message is sent at
the Adaptive Max interval.
Press Enter when the key is correctly entered to return to the Quick Start Settings Menu.

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6. Setting / changing the leak detection threshold
The leak detection threshold can be changed to adjust the sensitivity to water.
From the Main Menu access the configuration menu by entering C. This screen will display the current device
temperature, humidity and Leak Detect parameters including the rope resistance and leak detection status.
Enter A to view the ADC menu
The Moption allows the alarm mode to be set. This should be set to Low threshold alarm.
The Ooption allows the leak detection threshold to be set according to the required sensitivity. The defaults
are:
•L - Lower bound alarm level 400.0 kOhms
•Y - Lower bound hysteresis ±100.0 kOhms

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The Soption allows the sample interval to be set. This is the frequency that the leak rope is sampled to
check if an alarm condition exists. The minimum sampling interval is 10 seconds. Sampling the leak
detection rope more frequently will drain the batteries more quickly, so a balance between sampling interval
and battery life should be considered.
From the configuration menu, the Doption displays live readings
The Live display menu above can be used to verify the sensitivity settings before deployment.

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7. Water Leak Cable Connections.
enLink Status-L has an 8-way terminal block with screwless terminals for rapid connection of the leak cable.
The cable is not polarity sensitive, so either cable can be attached in any order. Attach the leader cable to the
terminals as shown below:
Terminal
number
Function
1
Leak Cable
2
Leak Cable
3
Not Used
4
Not Used
5
Not Used
6
Not Used
7
Not Used
8
Not Used
The connector is designed to accommodate the following cable sizes with a minimum of 10mm strip length.
•Connection capacity (single-wire): 0.2 –0.5 mm²
•Connection capacity (single-wire): AWG 26 - 20
Water detection cable characteristics
Designed specifically to detect water anywhere along its entire length, the water detection cable is
constructed with individual spacer cables and two stainless steel sensor wires all welded together to form a
single cable with an overall diameter of 3mm. The cable is flexible and can be wiped clean to remove
contaminants or water.
Areas requiring monitoring for water leaks can be fitted with various lengths of water leak detection cable.
The water detection cable will detect water anywhere along its length giving better coverage than
conventional spot probes.
Cable Specification
•Overall diameter: 3mm
•Each Signal cable: 16/0.2mm (0.5mm) 3amp 110vac to IEC 189-3
•Sensor wires: Annelid 0.4mm diameter Stainless Steel
•Sensor resistance: 7Ω per metre per sensor wire (14Ω per cable metre)
•Sensor spacing: 9mm
•Maximum continuous Length: 100 metres

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Positioning the water detection cable
The detection cable is susceptible to damage and should not be fitted to areas where the cable is likely to be
damaged or walked on. If fitting the cable around Air Conditioning Units with humidifiers, ensure that the
cable is positioned at least one metre from the AC unit to help prevent intermittent alarms being generated
from humidity or water droplets from the AHU.
Clean the area where the cable will be installed, to remove debris and sources of contamination.
Fit the leak detection cable using insulated 3.5mm cable clips or P-clips. Metal clips should not be used as
they will conduct electricity causing false alarms. Clips should be fitted approximately every 1 to 1.5 metres
apart. Ensure that the cable touches the floor between the clips, DO NOT tighten the cable so that the cable
does not touch the floor. Do not allow the cable to twist or the exposed stainless conductors to touch
together.
Tools or heavy objects can damage sensing cable. Avoid rolling, dropping, or setting heavy items on sensing
cable.
Do not use adhesive tapes or clamping devices to secure the sensing cable.
8. System Testing
To check that the unit is operating correctly, immerse a small area (50mm long) of the water detection cable
into a vessel containing clean water and view the Leak Status on the Live Display screen. Verify that a
LoRaWAN message is sent to the application.
The cable will need to be completely dry before the leak status returns to normal.

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9. Battery Installation / Replacement
enLink devices use EVE ER14505 AA size 3.6 Volt Lithium Thionyl Chloride (Li-SOCl2) batteries (non-
rechargeable) or direct equivalent.
No other batteries are approved for use in the device.
Lithium Thionyl Chloride batteries have very high energy capacity and must be used and handled with care
observing the guidance below.
WARNING
Risk of death or serious injury from explosion or fire.
•Keep out of sight and reach of children.
•Fire, explosion and burn hazard - do not recharge, short circuit, crush, disassemble, incinerate.
•Due to the high terminal voltage (3.6V), they are not suitable as direct replacements for other battery technologies
in the same can sizes.
•When not in use the Batteries must be stored in a non-Hazardous Area.
•Do not change batteries in an explosive gas atmosphere.
•When installing batteries, do not snag the battery terminal on the clip or the battery may be damaged. Do not apply
excessive force.
•Do not drop. Dropping the battery may cause damage. If a battery is dropped, do not install the dropped battery into
the unit. Dispose of dropped battery promptly per local regulations or per the battery manufacturer’s
recommendations.
Guidance
•Always install the batteries correctly as per instructions taking great care to observe the battery polarity.
•Ensure that the contact points are clean and conductive.
•All batteries must be the same model from the same manufacturer.
•Do not mix old and new batteries or batteries from different manufacturers.
•Do not heat or attempt to recharge the battery.
•Do not dispose of in a fire.
•Only install approved batteries: EVE ER14505 / SAFT LS14500 Lithium Thionyl Chloride AA Battery 3.6 Volt, or direct
equivalent.
Safe disposal
•Please recycle responsibly, a wide range of schemes are available.
•Do not dispose of in normal waste or in a fire.

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10. LoRaWAN Payload Decoder
The latest LoRaWAN payload decoders and guides are available on the Synetica GitHub repository:
https://github.com/synetica/enlink-decoder
A live payload decoder which allows you to paste LoRa payloads in Hexadecimal or Base 64 and see the
correctly decoded results can be found at the link below:
https://synetica.github.io/enlink-decoder/
11. Technical Support
For technical assistance, please visit the downloads section of our web site at www.synetica.net or email us
at [e-mail]