Toa IC-100 Series System manual

INSTITUTIONAL
COMMUNICATION
SYSTEM
INSTALLATION HAND BOOK
PIease follow the instructions in this manual to obtain the optimum results from this system.
We also recommend that you keep this manual handy for future reference.
TOA Corporation

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules. On the front panel of this equipment is a label
that contains, among other information, the FCC registration number and ringer equivalence number
(REN) for this equipment. If requested this information must be provided to the telephone company.
USOC Jack RJll Cor RJllW
Service Order Code
9.OF
Facility Interface Code 02LS2
The REN is used to determine the quantity of devices which may be connected to the telephone line.
Excessive REN’s on the telephone line may result in the devices not ringing in response to an incoming
call. In most, but not all areas, the sum of the REN’s should not exceed five (5.0). To be certain of the
number of devices that may be connected to the line, as determined by the total REN’s contact the
telephone company to determine the maximum REN for the calling area.
If the terminal equipment IC-I00 causes harm to the telephone network, the telephone company will
notify you in advance. But if advance notice is not practical, the telephone company will notify the
customer as soon as possible. Also, you will be advised of your right to file a complaint with the FCC if
you believe it is necessary.
The telephone company may make changes in it’s facilities, equipment, operations, or procedures that
could affect the operation of the equipment. If this happens, the telephone company will provide advance
notice in order for you to make the necessary modifications in order to maintain uninterrupted service.
If trouble is experienced with this equipment IC-100, please contact TOA Electronics, Inc., 601 Gateway
Boulevard, Suite 300, South San Francisco, CA. 94080, Phone [phone] for repair and warranty
information. If the trouble is causing harm to the telephone network, the telephone company may request
you remove the equipment from the network until the problem is resolved.
This equipment may not be used on coin service provided by the telephone company. Connection to
party lines is subject to state tariffs.
This equipment is hearing aid compatible.
DOC NOTICE 1.
“NOTICE: The Canadian Department of Communications label identifies certified equipment. This certification
means that the equipment meets certain telecommunications networks protective, operational and safety
requirements. The Department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user’s satisfaction.
Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities of
the local telecommunications company. The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of
connection. In some cases, the company’s inside wiring associated with a single line individual service may
be extended by means of a certified connector assembly (telephone extension cord). The customer should be
aware that compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations.
Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated by
the supplier. Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment, or equipment malfunctions, may
give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment.
Users should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground connections of the power utility,
telephone lines and internal metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution
may be particularly important in rural areas.

Caution : Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves, but should contact the appropriate
electric inspection authority, or electrician, as appropriate.”
DOC NOTICE 2.
“The Load Number (88) assigned to each terminal device denotes the percentage of the total load to be
connected to a telephone loop which is used by the device, to prevent overloading. The termination on a loop
may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the requirement that the total of the Load Numbers
of all the devices does not exceed 100.”
DOC AVIS 1.
“AVIS :
–L’etiquette du ministere des Communications du Canada identifie Ie matériel homologué. Cette
étiquette certifie que Ie matériel est conforme à certaines normes de protection, d’exploitation et de sécurité
des réseaux de télécommunications. Le Ministère n’assure toutefois pas que Ie matériel fonctionnera à la
satisfaction de I’utilisateur.
Avant d’installer ce matériel, I’utilisateur doit s’assurer qu’il est permis de Ie raccorder aux installations de
I’entreprise locale de télécommunication. Le matériel doit également être installé en suivant une méthode
acceptée de raccordement. Dans certains cas, Ies fils intérieurs de I’entreprise utilisés pour un service
individual à Iigne unique peuvent être prolongés au moyen d’un dispositif homologué de raccordement
(cordon prolongateur téléphonique interne). L’abonné ne doit pas oublier qu’il est possible que la conformité
aux conditions énoncées ci-dessus n’empechent pas la dégradation du service clans certaines situations.
Actuellement, Ies entreprises de télécommunication ne permettent pas que I’on raccorde Ieur matériel à des
jacks d’abonné, sauf clans Ies cas précis prévus par Ies tarifs particuliers de ces entreprises.
Les réparations de matériel homologué doivent être effectuées par un centre d’entretien canadien autorisé
désigné par Ie fournisseur. La compagnie de télécommunications peut demander à I’utilisateur de débrancher
un appareil à la suite de réparations ou de modifications effectuées par I’utilisateur ou à cause de mauvais
fonctionnement.
Pour sa propre protection, I’utilisateur doit s’assurer que tous Ies fils de mise à la terre de la source d’énergie
électrique, des Iignes téléphoniques et des canalisations d’eau métalliques, s’il y en a, sent raccordés
ensemble. Cette précaution est particulièrement importance clans Ies régions rurales.
Avertissement. –L’utilisateur ne doit pas tenter de faire ces raccordements lui-même; il doit avoir recours à
un service d’inspection des installations électriques, ou à éIectricien, selon Ie cas.”
DOC AVIS 2.
“L’indite de charge (88) assigné à chaque dispositif terminal indique, pour éviter toute surcharge, Ie
pourcentage de la charge totale qui peut être raccordée à un circuit téléphonique bouclé utilisé par ce
dispositif. La terminaison du circuit bouclé peut être constituée de n’importe quelle combinaison de dispositifs,
pourvu que la somme des indices de charge de I’ensemble des dispositifs ne dépasse pas 100.”
3

WARNING : (For U.S.A. only)
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not
installed and used in accordance with the instructions manual, may cause interference
to radio communications. It has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class A computing device pursuant to Subject J of Part 15 of FCC Rules, which are
designed to provide reasonable protection such interference when operated in a
commercial environment.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in which
case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures may be
required to correct the interference.
CONTENTS
PART. 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
1.
2.
Outline and Features
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
1.1 Outline
1.2 Features
System Configuration and Module Functions
2.1 System Configuration
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
2.2 Module Functions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8~9
PART. Il. INSTALLATION
1. Installation and Adjustment Procedure
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
2. Equipment Installation
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
Installation Precautions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
CK-100 Card Case
(1) Rack Mounting
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
(2) Wall Mounting
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12
Power Supply
(1) Rack Mounting
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
(2) Wall Mounting
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
Sub-Station
(1) RS-100 Switch Panel
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
(2) RS-110 Sub-Station Handset
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
(3) RS-120 Sub-Station
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
(3.1) Flush-Mount Electrical Box
(3.2) Dimensional Diagram
(4) RS-130 Sub-Station
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
(4.1) Flush-Mount Electrical Box
(4.2) Dimensional Diagram
Control Stations
(1) Installation
(1.1) AS-100A Control Station
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
(1.2) AS-110 Control Station
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ..
19~20
(2) External Speaker Connection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21~22
(3) Speaker Volume and Microphone Sensitivity Adjustment
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
22
(4) External Microphone or Headset Connection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22-23

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Line Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24
Interconnection
4.1 Card Installation and Connection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24~25
4.2 MU-110 Main Control Card Connection
(1) External Input and Output Controls
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .
26
(1.1) Program Source Input
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
(1.2) External Microphone All-Call Paging
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
(1.3) External Time Signal Source Input
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
(1.4) PA Paging
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
(1.5) External Bell Control
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
(1.6) External Time Signal Trigger
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
(1.7) Master Clock Synchronization
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
(2) lnput/Output Terminals
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
(3) lnput/Output Terminal Connection Example
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
(4) Jumper Setting and Volume Adjustment
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
(5) Cable Connection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
4.3 LU Card and Control Station/Sub-Station Connection
(1) LU Card Number Setting
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
(2) LU Card Connection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31
(2.1) Cable Connection
................................................................. . . . . . . . . . .
31
(2.2) Control/Sub-station Connection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
(3) Control Station Connection and Number Setting
(3.1) AS-100A Control Station
.................................................................
33
(3.2) AS-110 Control Station
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34
(3.3) Control Station Number Setting
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34
(4) RS-100 Switch Panel and RS-110 Sub-Station Handset Connection 35
(5) RS-120/RS-130 Sub-Station Connection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36
(5.1) Connection to the LU-100 (For 25V Line)
(5.2) RS-120/RS-130 Part Description
(6) RS-102 Sub-Station Connection
(6.1) When Not Using Sub-Station Handset (Room Station Handset) . . . . . . . . . . . 37
(6.2) When Using Sub-Station Handset (Room Station Handset)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38
4.4 CT-100 C/O & Tie-Line Card Connection
(1) Tie-Line interface Connection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39~40
(2) C/O Line and PBX Extension Connection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
4.5 PS-l00 Power Supply Card Connection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
42
System Programing
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
Programable Functions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43~48
Programing Operation
(1) Programing Mode Entry
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49
(2) Function Reset
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49
(3) Function Registration
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
50~54
Time Schedule Programing
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55~56
Programing Examples
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
57~59
Operating Precautions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
60
Operation Check
6.1 Voice and Function Tests
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
60
6.2 Troubleshooting
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
61
APPENDIX
7.1 Typical Input/Output Application
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
62
(1) Dry Contact (Non-voltage make contact) input example
(2) Open Collector Output Examples
7.2 External PA paging application for tie-line systems
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
63
(1) Simultaneous station and external PA paging output
(2) lndependent external PA paging output
5

PART 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
1. Outline and Features
1.1 Outline
The “IC-100 SYSTEM” is a computer-controlled, fully electronic institutional communication system specially
designed to enhance administrative efficiency in schools, Correctional institutes, and other related facilities.
1.2 Features
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Modular construction facilitates installation, maintenance and system expansion.
Rack- or wall-mountable exchange.
Flexible configuration meets requirements of both small and large-scale installations.
The smallest group configuration features 1 control station and up to 15 sub-stations. The system can
be expanded in groups of the same size to include up to 8 control stations, 120 sub-stations, and two
C/O (outside telephone) lines or one each of C/O line and PBX (internal telephone) extension can be
connected per exchange, with tie-line interconnection possible for up to 9 exchanges.
8 speech links available.
Built-in programmable clock (8 schedules x 32 events).
Random broadcast programing capability for up to 10 sub-stations, 60 zones (*1), or 9 combination
zones.
External PA paging capability.
Call Forwarding, Speed Dialing, Redialing, Call Transfer, and Conference functions.
[Note] : (*1) The available number of individual zones is limited to up to 59 when using the “time schedule”
or “external time signal trigger” function.
6

2. System Configuration and Module Functions
2.1 System Configuration
Audio signal
input
Audio output
Time signal source
Time signal trigger (1-6)
Microphone start control
Master clock synchronization
PA zone selection
Control
Control
input
output
C/O (Outside telephone) line (2) or
C/O line (1) and PBX extension (1)
Tie-line I/O 8-voice / Program/ Data)
1
7

2.2 Module Functions
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
MU-110 Main Control Card
Utilizing a Z80 CPU, the Main Control Card automatically controls speech path switching functions
upon reception of either a dial signal from the control station or a “call” or “privacy” signal from any of
the connected sub-stations. The card also generates time-programable signal tones, and provides
computer communication capability through its RS-232C port.
CT-100 C/O& Tie-Line Card
The C/O & Tie-line Card functions as both an outside telephone (C/O) line interface and a local tie-line
interface. Its C/O line interface is compatible with both loop and ground start systems, and utilizes
DTMF dialing signals for its 2 outside lines, which are in full compliance with FCC Part 68 regulations.
(Either of the two lines can be connected to the PBX extension.) The tie-line interface permits
interconnection of up to 9 exchanges, with 8 sets of voice input/output, 1 set of program input/output,
and 1 set of control input/output.
LU-100 Line Card
The LU-100 incorporates interface circuitry for control station connection, relay, talk-back, and hybrid
circuitry for sub-station connection, and a speech path switch. It can drive 25V line sub-station
speakers.
The control station interface outputs a dial signal to the Main Control Card upon control station dial
signal reception. Other functions include FM signal demodulation, sound amplification, and power
supply for control station and sub-station speaker output. One control station and up to 15 sub-stations
can be connected per Line Card.
The sub-station interface features an AGC-equipped 15W power amplifier for sub-station speaker
talk-back capability, relayed switching of up to 15 sub-stations, photocoupled reception of “call” and
“privacy” signals, and hybrid circuitry for sub-station handset operation.
LU-200 Line Card
The LU-200 incorporates interface circuitry only for one control station connection.
PS-100 Power Supply Card
Receiving AC power from the PU-200 Power Transformer Unit, the PS-100 provides 5V, 15V, and 24V
DC power output to all other cards in the exchange via its rectification and stabilizer circuitry. DC input
is also provided for a standby battery to ensure full operating capability in case of power failure.
CK-100 Card Case / YC-300 Wall Mounting Frame
The CK-100 houses all system boards. It can either be installed in an EIA standard 19" rack or
independently wall-mounted in conjunction with the YC-300 Wall Mounting Frame.
PU-200 Power Transformer Unit
The wall-mountable PU-200 provides two 20V/2.5A AC outputs to the PS-100 Power Supply Card to
drive up to four LU Line Cards. A maximum of two PU-200’s can be connected to the PS-100.

PN-100 Rack Mount Panel
The PN-100 provides side-by-side rack mounting capability for up to two PU-200 Power Transformer
Units.
AS-100A Control Station
The AS-100A Control Station provides fully duplex communication with other control stations or
handset sub-stations via its handset receiver. Also featured are “handsfree” communication capability,
and 12-digit LCD display of connected sub-station No., dialed numbers, sub-station priority status, and
a digital clock. It utilizes dual twisted pair cables.
AS-110 Control Station
This control station is mounted in the console or wall.
RS-100 Switch Panel
The RS-100 Switch Panel mounts two button switches, a red call button and a white privacy
button, and controls the connected RS-110 Handset and/or a remote speaker. The flush-mount panel
can be installed in a standard 1-gang electrical box and connected via a single-pair shielded cable.
● RS-110 Sub-Station Handset (Room Station Handset)
The RS-110 Sub-Station Handset provides fully duplex communication with the control stations or
handset sub-stations. The wall-mount cradle can be installed in a standard 2-gang electrical box and
connected via a single-pair shielded cable.
RS-120 Sub-Station
Designed for wall mounting, this robust sub-station consists of a CALL button and a speaker.
RS-130 Sub-Station
Designed for wall mounting, this sub-station consists of a CALL button and a speaker.
9

PART Il. INSTALLATION
1. Installation and Adjustment Procedure
Follow the below procedures when installing and adjusting the system.
2. Equipment Installation
2.1 Installation Precautions
Observe the following precautions when installing the exchange.
When mounting on the wall, confirm that the wall surface is strong enough to support the weight
of the exchange. TOA cannot accept responsibility for accidents resulting from poor mounting
conditions.
Install in a location that affords easy maintenance and inspection.
Avoid the following locations when installing equipment:
(1) Locations where equipment can be exposed to fire, excessive heat or sunlight.
(2) Locations where metal particles or dust accumulate.
(3) Locations in close proximity to chemicals or oil.
(4) Locations of high humidity or near windows where the equipment may be exposed to rain.
(5) Locations in close proximity to high-voltage equipment or strong electric fields.
* Dimensional unit of drawings is indicated in millimeter in this installation handbook.
10