Victron energy BlueSolar MPPT 75/10 User manual

Manual
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Manuel
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Manual
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Appendix
BlueSolar charge controllers
MPPT 75/10
MPPT 75/15

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EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix
1 General Description
1.1 Ultra fast MPPT tracking
Especially in case of a clouded sky, when light intensity is changing continuously, a fast
MPPT algorithm will improve energy harvest by up to 30% compared to PWM charge
controllers and by up to 10% compared to slower MPPT controllers.
1.2 Load output
Over-discharge of the battery can be prevented by connecting all loads to the load
output. The load output will disconnect the load when the battery has been discharged
to a pre-set voltage.
Alternatively, an intelligent battery management algorithm can be chosen: see Battery
Life.
The load output is short circuit proof.
Some loads (especially inverters) can best be connected directly to the battery, and the
inverter remote control connected to the load output. A special interface cable may be
needed, please see section 3.6.
1.3 Battery Life: intelligent battery management
When a solar charge controller is not able to recharge the battery to its full capacity
within one day, the result is often that the battery will continually be cycled between a
‘partially charged’ state and the ‘end of discharge’ state. This mode of operation (no
regular full recharge) will destroy a lead-acid battery within weeks or months.
The Battery Life algorithm will monitor the state of charge of the battery and, if needed,
day by day slightly increase the load disconnect level (i.e. disconnect the load earlier)
until the harvested solar energy is sufficient to recharge the battery to nearly the full
100%. From that point onwards the load disconnect level will be modulated so that a
nearly 100% recharge is achieved about once every week.
1.4 Internal temperature sensor
Compensates absorption and float charge voltages for temperature.

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1.5 Automatic battery voltage recognition
The controller will automatically adjust itself to a 12V or a 24V system.
1.6 Three step charging
The controller is configured for a three step charging process: Bulk – Absorption - Float.
1.6.1. Bulk stage
During this stage the controller delivers as much charge current as possible to rapidly
recharge the batteries.
1.6.2. Absorption stage
When the battery voltage reaches the absorption voltage setting, the controller switches to
constant voltage mode.
When only shallow discharges occur the absorption time is kept short in order to prevent
overcharging of the battery. After a deep discharge the absorption time is automatically
increased to make sure that the battery is completely recharged.
Additionally, the absorption period is also ended when the charge current decreases to less
than 1A.
1.6.3. Float stage
During this stage, float voltage is applied to the battery to maintain a fully charged state.
When battery voltage drops below 13,2 Volt during at least 1 minute a new charge cycle will
be triggered.
1.6.4. Equalization
See section 3.8.1
1.7 Monitoring and configuring options
1.7.1 The VictronConnect app
Several parameters can be customized with the VictronConnect app.
The VictronConnect app can be downloaded from
http://www.victronenergy.nl/support-and-downloads/software/
● Bluetooth dongle needed when using Bluetooth Smart.
● VE.Direct to USB cable needed when using a computer.
See the data communication white paper on our website.
1.7.2 Monitoring
The ColorControl panel or the MPPT control, VE.Direct cable needed.
MPPT Control
Color Control

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EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix
2. IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS - This manual contains important instructions that
shall be followed during installation and maintenance.
● It is advised to read this manual carefully before the product is installed and put into
use.
● This product is designed and tested in accordance with international standards. The
equipment should be used for the designated application only.
● Install the product in a heatproof environment. Ensure therefore that there are no
chemicals, plastic parts, curtains or other textiles, etc. in the immediate vicinity of the
equipment.
● The product is not allowed to be mounted in a user accessible area.
● Ensure that the equipment is used under the correct operating conditions. Never
operate it in a wet environment.
● Never use the product at sites where gas or dust explosions could occur.
● Ensure that there is always sufficient free space around the product for ventilation.
● Refer to the specifications provided by the manufacturer of the battery to ensure that
the battery is suitable for use with this product. The battery manufacturer's safety
instructions should always be observed.
● Protect the solar modules from incident light during installation, e.g. cover them.
● Never touch uninsulated cable ends.
● Use only insulated tools.
● Connections must always be made in the sequence described in section 3.5.
● The installer of the product must provide a means for cable strain relief to prevent the
transmission of stress to the connections.
●In addition to this manual, the system operation or service manual must include a battery
maintance manual applicable to the type of batteries used.
Danger of explosion from sparking
Danger of electric shock

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3. Installation
WARNING: DC INPUT NOT ISOLATED FROM BATTERY CIRCUIT
CAUTION: FOR PROPER TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION
THE AMBIENT CONDITION FOR CHARGER AND BATTERY MUST
BE WITHIN 5°C.
3.1. General
● Mount vertically on a non-flammable substrate, with the power terminals facing
downwards.
● Mount close to the battery, but never directly above the battery (in order to prevent
damage due to gassing of the battery).
● Improper internal temperature compensation (e.g. ambient condition battery and charger
not within 5°C) can lead to reduced battery lifetime.
● Battery installation must be done in accordance with the storage battery rules of the
Canadian Electrical Code, Part I.
● The battery connections (and for Tr version also PV connections) must guarded against
inadvertent contact (e.g. install in an enclosure).
3.2 Grounding
● Battery grounding configuration: the charger can be configured as a positive- or negative-
ground system.
Note: apply a single ground connection to prevent malfunctioning of the system.
● Chassis grounding: A separate earth path for the chassis ground is permitted because it is
isolated from the positive and negative terminal.
● NEC requires the use of an external ground fault protection device (GFPD). These MPPT
chargers do not have internal ground fault protection. The system electrical negative
should be bonded through a GFPD to earth ground at one (and only one) location.
● The charger must not be connected with grounded PV arrays.
WARNING: WHEN A GROUND FAULT IS INDICATED, BATTERY TERMINALS AND
CONNECTED CIRCUITS MAY BE UNGROUNDED AND HAZARDOUS.
3.3. PV configuration (also see the MPPT Excel sheet on our website)
● Provide means to disconnect all current-carrying conductors of a photovoltaic power
source from all other conductors in a building or other structure.
● A switch, circuit breaker, or other device, either ac or dc, shall not be installed in a
grounded conductor if operation of that switch, circuit breaker, or other device leaves the
grounded conductor in an ungrounded state while the system remains energyzed.
● The controller will operate only if the PV voltage exceeds battery voltage (Vbat).
● PV voltage must exceed Vbat + 5V for the controller to start. Thereafter minimum PV
voltage is Vbat + 1V.
● Maximum open circuit PV voltage: 75V.
The controller can be used with any PV configuration that satisfies the three above
mentioned conditions.
For example:
12V battery and mono- or polycristalline panels

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EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix
● Minimum number of cells in series: 36 (12V panel).
● Recommended number of cells for highest controller efficiency: 72
(2x 12V panel in series or 1x 24V panel).
● Maximum: 108 cells (3x 12V panel in series).
24V battery and mono- or polycristalline panels
● Minimum number of cells in series: 72
(2x 12V panel in series or 1x 24V panel).
● Maximum: 108 cells (3x 12V panel in series).
3.4. Configuration of the controller (see figure 1 and 2 at the end of the manual))
The VE.Direct communication port (see sect. 1.7) can be used to configure the load
output:
3.4.1. No jumper:BatteryLife algorithm (see 1.2.2.)
3.4.2. Jumper between pin 1 and pin 2: conventional (see 1.2.1.)
Low voltage load disconnect: 11,1V or 22,2V
Automatic load reconnect: 13,1V or 26,2V
3.4.3. Jumper between pin 2 and pin 3: conventional (see 1.2.1.)
Low voltage load disconnect: 11,8V or 23,6V
Automatic load reconnect: 14V or 28V
3.5 LEDs
Green LED: indicates which load output control algorithm has been chosen.
On: one of the two conventional load output control algorithms (see Fig 2)
Blinking: BatteryLife load output control algorithm (see Fig 2)
Yellow LED: signals charge sequence
Off: no power from PV array (or PV array connected with reverse polarity)
Blinking fast: bulk charge (battery in partially charged state)
Blinking slow: absorption charge (battery charged to 80% or more)
On: float charge (battery fully charged)
3.6 Cable connection sequence (see figure 3)
First: connect the cables to the load, but ensure that all loads are switched off.
Second: connect the battery (this will allow the controller to recognize system voltage).
Third: connect the solar array (when connected with reverse polarity, the controller will heat
up but will not charge the the battery).
The system is now ready for use.
3.7 Connecting an inverter
The load output can be used to supply DC loads and simultaneously to control an inverter.

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The Victron inverters model Phoenix 12/800, 24/800, 12/1200 and 24/1200 can be
controlled by connecting the right side connection of the inverter remote control directly to
the solar charger load output (see figure 4 at the end of this manual). Similarly, all Phoenix
VE.Direct inverters can be controlled by connecting to the left side connection of the remote
control
The bridge between left and right must be removed.
For the Victron inverters model Phoenix 12/180, 24/180, 12/350, 24/350, the Phoenix
Inverter C models and the MultiPlus C models an interface cable is needed: the Inverting
remote on-off cable, article number ASS030550100, see figure 5 at the end of this manual.
3.8 Battery charging information
The charge controller starts a new charge cycle every morning, when the sun starts shining.
The maximum duration of the absorption period is determined by the battery voltage
measured just before the solar charger starts up in the morning:
Battery voltage Vb (@start-up) Maximum absorption time
Vb < 23,8V 6h
23,8V < Vb < 24,4V 4h
24,4V < Vb < 25,2V 2h
Vb > 25,2V 1h
(divide voltages by 2 for a 12V system)
If the absorption period is interrupted due to a cloud or due to a power hungry load, the
absorption process will resume when absorption voltage is reached again later on the day,
until the absorption period has been completed.
The absorption period also ends when the output current of the solar charger drops to less
than 1Amp, not because of low solar array output but because the battery is fully charged
(tail current cut off).
This algorithm prevents over charge of the battery due to daily absorption charging when
the system operates without load or with a small load.
3.8.1. Automatic equalization
Automatic equalization is default set to ‘OFF’. With the Victron Connect app (see sect 1.7)
this setting can be configured with a number between 1 (every day) and 250 (once every
250 days). When automatic equalization is active, the absorption charge will be followed by
a voltage limited constant current period. The current is limited to 8% of the bulk current for
the factory default battery type, and to 25% of the bulk current for a user defined battery
type. The bulk current is the rated charger current unless a lower maximum current setting
has been chosen.
When using the factory default battery type, automatic equalization ends when the voltage
limit 16.2V / 32.4V has been reached, or after t = (absorption time)/8, whichever comes first.
For the user defined battery type automatic equalization ends after t = (absorption time)/2.

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EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix
When automatic equalisation is not completely finished within one day, it will not
resume the next day, the next equalisation session will take place as determined by the
day interval.
3.9 VE.Direct communication port
See section 1.7

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4. Troubleshooting
Problem
Possible cause
Solution
Charger does
not function
Reversed PV connection
Connect PV correctly
No fuse inserted
Insert 20A fuse
Blown fuse
Reversed battery
connection 1. Connect battery correctly
2. Replace fuse
The battery is
not fully charged
A bad battery connection
Check battery connection
Cable losses too high
Use cables with larger cross
section
Large ambient temperature
difference between charger
and battery (Tambient_chrg >
Tambient_batt)
Make sure that ambient
conditions are equal for
charger and battery
Only for a 24V system:
wrong system voltage
chosen (12V instead of 24V)
by the charge controller
Disconnect PV and battery,
after making sure that the
battery voltage is at least
>19V, reconnect properly
The battery is
being
overcharged
A battery cell is defect
Replace battery
Large ambient temperature
difference between charger
and battery (Tambient_chrg <
Tambient_batt)
Make sure that ambient
conditions are equal for
charger and battery
Load output
does not
become active
Maximum current limit
exceeded
Make sure that the output
current does not exceed 15A
DC load in combination with
capacitive load (e.g.
inverter) applied
Disconnect DC load during
start-up of the capacitive load
Disconnect AC load from the
inverter, or connect inverter as
explained in section 3.6
Short-circuit
Check for short-circuit in the
load connection