Viking ESFR User manual

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ESFR "PRE-PRIMED
SINGLE INTERLOCKED
PREACTION" COLD
STORAGE SYSTEM
MANUAL
The Viking Corporation
210 N Industrial Park Road
Hastings MI 49058
Telephone: [phone]
Technical Services: 877-384-5464
Fax: [phone]
December 6
,
2005
F_120805

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Table of Contents
1.0 System Description...............................................................................................7
2.0 ESFR Sprinkler Description ..................................................................................9
2.1 Storage Arrangements................................................................................. 9
2.2 Commodity Classification.............................................................................9
2.3 Maximum Storage/Ceiling Heights...............................................................9
3.0 System Design......................................................................................................9
3.1 Hydraulic Calculations..................................................................................9
3.2 Hydraulic Calculation Procedure................................................................11
4.0 Pre-Primed Single Interlocked Preaction System for Cold Storage ...................11
5.0 System Installation Considerations.....................................................................12
5.1 Tree Configuration......................................................................................12
5.1.1 Piping System to Sprinklers............................................................14
5.1.1.1 General Piping and Material Recommendation...............15
5.1.2 Primary Check Valve Main Drain.................................................... 16
5.1.3 Reclaim Tank..................................................................................17
5.1.4 Automatic Pressure Control System...............................................17
5.1.5 Solution Test Valves.......................................................................18
5.1.6 Re-charging System Piping............................................................19
5.1.7 Expansion of Antifreeze..................................................................19
5.1.8 CS-1 Pump.....................................................................................20
5.1.9 Propylene Glycol and Water Solution Premix.................................22
5.1.10 Riser System..................................................................................22
5.1.11 Alarm Test Connection...................................................................23
5.1.12 Flow Test Valve..............................................................................23
5.2 Service Procedures......................................................................................24
5.3 Taking the System out of Service.................................................................. 25
5.4 Placing System in Service.............................................................................25
6.0 Automatic Pressure Control................................................................................25
6.1 Description .................................................................................................25
6.2 Application.................................................................................................. 26
6.3 System Control Switch...............................................................................27
6.4 Wiring Diagram...........................................................................................28

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6.5 Pressure Switch Set-up..............................................................................28
7.0 CS-1 Antifreeze Pump System ...........................................................................29
7.1 Description .................................................................................................29
7.2 Operating Principle.....................................................................................30
7.3 CS-1 Control Scheme ................................................................................32
7.3.1 General...........................................................................................32
7.3.2 Operation........................................................................................32
7.3.3 Solenoid Valve Operation...............................................................32
7.3.4 Level Switch Relay Coil Operation .................................................33
7.3.5 Electrical Schematic.......................................................................34
7.4 Installation..................................................................................................36
7.4.1 Receiving and Inspection ...............................................................36
7.4.2 Handling ......................................................................................... 36
7.4.3 Location..........................................................................................36
7.4.4 Piping and Connections..................................................................36
7.5 Electrical Connections................................................................................ 37
7.6 Start-up.......................................................................................................38
8.0 Pressure Switch.................................................................................................. 38
8.1 System Control Switch...............................................................................38
8.2 Wiring Diagram...........................................................................................39
8.3 Pressure Switch Set-up..............................................................................39
9.0 Alarm Switch.......................................................................................................41
9.1 Installation..................................................................................................41
10.0 Pressure Relief Valve..........................................................................................41
11.0 Anvil Couplings, Seals & Lube............................................................................42
11.1 Couplings ...................................................................................................42
11.2 Flush Gap Gaskets..................................................................................... 42
11.3 Lubricant..................................................................................................... 42
12.0 Antifreeze Solution 50%......................................................................................44
12.1 Description .................................................................................................44
12.2 Typical Properties.......................................................................................44
12.3 Features.....................................................................................................45
13.0 Antifreeze Solution 35%......................................................................................45
13.1 Description .................................................................................................45

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13.2 Typical Properties.......................................................................................45
13.3 Features.....................................................................................................46
14.0 Heat Trace System & Insulation.......................................................................... 46
14.1 Insulation of Riser Main...............................................................................46
14.2 Insulation of Isolation Check Valve.............................................................46
14.3 Heat Trace System .....................................................................................46
15.0 System Fill Procedure.........................................................................................47
15.1 Filling the Reservoir Tank...........................................................................47
15.1.1 Gravity Fill....................................................................................... 47
15.1.2 Pump Assist Fill..............................................................................47
15.2 Filling Systems...........................................................................................48
16.0 System & Solution Test and Maintenance..........................................................49
16.1 Testing the Solution....................................................................................49
17.0 System Pressure Settings................................................................................... 50
17.1 System Pressure Setting Example.............................................................51
18.0 System Troubleshooting ..................................................................................... 51
19.0 System Parts List................................................................................................52
19.1 Major Components of System....................................................................52
19.2 Replacement Parts List .............................................................................53

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Figure 1: Straight Through Configuration

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Figure 2: Angle Style Configuration

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1.0 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The Viking ESFR “Pre-Primed Single Interlocked Preaction” Cold Storage System is a
fixed fire protection system designed for installation in refrigerated or cold warehouse
storage applications. This system is also appropriate for unheated storage applications
in areas subject to freezing. This is a pre-primed preaction system with electric release
that utilizes a deluge valve with conventional and electric release trims. The riser
consists of two Viking Model F-1 Easy RiserTM Swing Check Valves, one with special
cold trim and the second with by-pass trim to isolate the antifreeze in the system from
the water supply. The sprinkler system piping is filled with low-pressure propylene glycol
and water solution to supervise and pre-charge the discharge system and eliminate air
pockets for more efficient system performance. The additional Easy RiserTM Check Valve
is installed above the main check valve and is required to prevent thermal transfer of
cold antifreeze from the freezer area onto the clapper surface of the primary check valve
and minimize frost on the riser assembly. The pressure in the system is maintained by
the CS-1 tank and pressure pump system that controls and maintains the desired
solution pressure above the primary check valve. The detection system shall be capable
of operation prior to or equal to an ESFR Sprinkler having an RTI (Response Time
Index) of 50 or less. No linear detection shall be allowed. This limits the system to low
temp spot heat, beam smoke or air sample type smoke system or equal.
Upon operation of the detection system the deluge valve opens prior to sprinkler
operation and pressurizes the sprinkler piping to the desired discharge pressure. Upon
operation of the sprinkler(s), the pressurized propylene glycol/water solution is
distributed from the sprinkler. Water from the supply system pushes out the propylene
glycol/water solution at a very rapid rate due to the sprinkler orifice size and design
pressures. The limited system volume ensures that 100% water will flow from the
sprinklers at an appropriate stage of fire development.
The CS-1 Tank and Pump System is designed to maintain supervisory system static
pressure in the sprinkler piping using antifreeze and water premix. As the system
operates, an alarm pressure switch is used to send a signal to the CS-1 system control
to shut off the flow of antifreeze from the reservoir. Upon operation of the detection
system, the deluge valve opens and pressurizes the system to desired starting
discharge pressure. An alarm is activated due to water flow from the alarm pressure
switch on the preaction trim. When the ESFR Sprinkler(s) operate the system is already
pressurized and will discharge the antifreeze solution followed by water. Typically, only
those sprinklers above or adjacent to the fire operate, minimizing water damage and
contamination. Other antifreeze systems within the warehouse would not typically be
activated.
In the event of a broken sprinkler or sprinkler pipe without a fire condition, the deluge
valve will hold back the water supply and only antifreeze will be drained from the
sprinkler or broken pipe. This will prevent large amounts of water from being discharged
and possible contamination of the antifreeze left in the system that could cause
undesired freezing in the piping. A pressure supervisory switch on the antifreeze system
located at the primary Easy RiserTM Check Valve adjacent to the deluge valve will
provide an alarm of low-pressure condition. The antifreeze supply from the CS-1 pump
must be manually shut off in this condition at the riser supply point.

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In the event of a fire, the system pressure supervisory switch that controls the pump unit
is wired through the alarm switch located on the deluge valve and to the CS-1 pump unit.
In this case, the CS-1 pump solenoid valve is restricted from opening for the riser that is
flowing to the fire area and stops the flow of antifreeze to the discharging system.
In order to effectively apply 100% water as rapidly as possible, the system size must be
limited in volume. Full-scale fire testing of the 50% propylene glycol and water premix
solution and a system volume of 1,100 gallons (4 163 liters) has been performed
successfully at Underwriters Laboratories Inc., resulting in UL Listing of the ESFR
VK510 Sprinkler for use with 35% or 50% propylene glycol and water solution. The
system uses either a 35% or 50% (depending on the minimum temperature in the area
being protected) by volume mixture of propylene glycol and water premix solution.
The propylene glycol and water mixture cools and adds wetting ability to control the fire
until water is applied to suppress the fire. The area of coverage for a single system is
dependent upon the volume of the system required to cover the area being protected.
The hydraulic calculations are necessary in order to properly size the system piping.
For refrigerated area systems, the piping system shall be pitched to drain complete
system toward the riser and Easy RiserTM Check Valves with branch lines at ½” per 10
ft. (4 mm/m) and mains at ½” per 10 ft. (4 mm/m) run of pipe. For systems in unheated
areas subject to freezing, branch lines shall be pitched at ½” per 10 ft. (4 mm/m) and
mains at ¼” per 10 ft. (2 mm/m) run of pipe.
This system shall be designed by qualified fire protection technicians, in conjunction with
requirements of the Authorities Having Jurisdiction. Viking ESFR Cold Storage Systems
are designed to meet the UL Listing requirements described in Viking technical data for
ESFR K25.2 Sprinkler VK510 for use with 35% or 50% propylene glycol and water
solution, and the standards of NFPA 13 or other organizations, and also with the
provisions of governmental codes, ordinances, and standards where applicable. This
system shall meet all requirements of ESFR installations except where specified in this
owner's manual. This system can be considered a wet system due to the system being
filled with the approved antifreeze solution, and operation of the detection and preaction
system will provide water supply and pressurized solution at the sprinkler upon
operation.
When using this system, ceiling-only sprinklers are required and no in-rack sprinklers are
needed. The following storage configurations are required:
- Single-row, double-row, and multiple-row rack storage is required and
sprinklers shall be located in accordance with applicable Viking technical
data and the latest recognized storage installation rules of NFPA or the
Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).
- Open rack storage is required, and sprinklers shall be located in
accordance with applicable Viking technical data (refer to the latest
issue of sprinkler data page 46 a-c) and the latest recognized storage
installation rules of NFPA or the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).

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2.0 ESFR SPRINKLER DESCRIPTION
Viking ESFR Pendent K 25.2 Sprinkler VK510 is UL Listed for use with a maximum 50%
by volume factory premix propylene glycol and water antifreeze solution. This listing is
based on full-scale fire testing at Underwriter’s Laboratories. The following limitations of
system design and application shall apply:
2.1 Storage Arrangements: Solid-piled or open rack (single, double, multiple, or
portable), palletized storage (pallets limited to wood), with no open-top containers
or solid shelves.
2.2 Commodity Classification: Limited to Class II or less.
2.3 Maximum Storage/Ceiling Heights and Minimum Pressure Requirements:
• Storage height up to 35 ft. (10,7 m) with ceiling height up to 40 ft. (12,2 m) with
a minimum system design pressure of 40 PSI (278 kPa). OR:
• Storage height up to 40 ft. (12,2 m) with ceiling height up to 45 ft-3 in. (13,8 m)
with a minimum system design pressure of 60 PSI (414 kPa).
3.0 SYSTEM DESIGN
3.1 Hydraulic Calculations:
At -21 °F (-29.4 °C), the 50% solution of propylene glycol/water solution will have
a viscosity of 200 centipoise, as opposed to water at 1 centipoise at 70 °F (21.1
°C). Two sets of hydraulic calculations will be required for the system piping; one
utilizing Hazen-Williams method of determining friction loss, and one utilizing
Darcy-Weisbach method of determining friction loss. The Hazen-Williams friction
loss factors will be utilized for flowing water through the piping, the Darcy-
Weisbach friction loss factors will be utilized for flowing propylene glycol/water
solution through the system piping at the lowest operating temperature.
The information in Table 1 is provided for Firefighter Eliminator F 50% propylene
glycol/water pre-mix solution, while the information in Table 2 is provided for
Firefighter Eliminator C 35% propylene glycol/water pre-mix solution.

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