WALTHER PILOT GM 1030G Operational manual

Translation of the Original
Operating Manual
For professional use.
Always observe the information in this manual,
particularly the safety instructions and the warning
instructions. Store the manual in a safe place.
PILOT GM 1030G
PILOT GM 1030G ADH
Gravity-feed cup spray gun
Edition 11/2022

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OPERATING MANUAL
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Table of Contents
1 ABOUT THESE INSTRUCTIONS 5
1.1 Preface 5
1.2 Warnings, Notices and Symbols in these Instructions 5
1.3 Languages 5
1.4 Abbreviations 6
1.5 Terminology for the Purpose of this Manual 6
2 CORRECT USE 6
2.1 Device type 7
2.2 Type of Use 7
2.3 For Use in Potentially Explosive Areas 7
2.4 Processible Working Materials 7
2.5 Misuse 7
3 IDENTIFICATION 8
3.1 Explosion Protection Identication 8
3.2 Identication "X" 8
3.3 Type Plate 9
4 BASIC SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 10
4.1 Safety Instructions for the Operator 10
4.2 A Safe Work Environment 10
4.3 Personnel Qualications 11
4.4 Safety Instructions for the Personnel 11
4.5 Personal Safety Equipment 11
4.6 Safe handling of WALTHER spray devices 11
4.7 Grounding the Device 12
4.8 Cleaning and Flushing 12
4.9 Maintenance and Repair 13
4.10 Protective and Monitoring Equipment 13
5 DESCRIPTION 14
5.1 Components 14
5.2 Functioning 14
5.3 Standard equipment 15
5.4 Data 15
5.4.1 Materials of Paint Wetted Parts 15
5.4.2 Technical data 15
5.4.3 Dimensions and Connections 15
5.4.4 Air ow 16
6 ASSEMBLY AND COMMISSIONING 17
6.1 Training of Assembly/Commissioning Personnel 17
6.2 Storage Conditions 17
6.3 Installation Conditions 17
6.4 Installation and Connection 17
6.4.1 Ventilation of the Spray Booth 17
6.4.2 Air Supply Lines 17
6.4.3 Product Supply Lines 18
6.5 Grounding 18

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6.6 Safety Checks 18
6.7 Product Preparation 18
6.8 Start up 19
6.8.1 Procedure 19
6.8.2 Verifying a Safe Operational Condition 19
7 OPERATION 20
7.1 Training the Operating Personnel 20
7.2 Tasks 20
7.2.1 Starting to Spray with Atomizing Air 20
7.3 Adjusting the Spray Pattern 21
7.3.1 Adjusting Spray Pattern 21
7.3.2 Setting the Product Flow Rate 22
7.4 Pressure Relief / Work Interruption 22
7.5 Cleaning the Nozzle and Eliminating Nozzle Clogging 23
8 CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE 24
8.1 Cleaning 24
8.1.1 Safety instructions 24
8.1.2 Cleaning Personnel 24
8.1.3 Flushing and Cleaning the Spray Gun 24
8.2 Maintenance 24
8.2.1 Maintenance Personnel 24
8.2.2 Safety instructions 25
8.2.3 Safety Checks and Maintenance Intervals 25
8.2.4 Replacing the Air Hose 26
9 TROUBLESHOOTING AND RECTIFICATION 27
10 REPAIR WORK 28
10.1 Repair Personnel 28
10.2 Repair Notes 28
10.3 Tools 28
10.4 Replacing the Needle Packing 29
10.5 Changing the Air Valve 30
10.6 Changing Shaping Air Regulator 30
10.7 Tightening Nozzle Nut 31
10.8 Replacing Nozzle or Needle 32
11 FUNCTION TEST 33
12 DISPOSAL 34
13 ACCESSORIES 35
13.1 Air caps 35
13.2 Nozzles and Needles 36
13.3 Additional accessories 37
14 SPARE PARTS 38
14.1 How to Order Spare Parts 38
14.2 Gun variants 39
14.3 Exploded-view Drawing of PILOT GM 1030G 40
14.4 Spare parts list 41
15 EU DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY 42

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1 ABOUT THESE INSTRUCTIONS
1.1 PREFACE
The operating manual contains information about safely operating, maintaining, cleaning
and repairing the device. The operating manual is part of the device and must be available
to the operating and service personnel.
The device may only be operated by trained personnel and in compliance with this
operating manual. Operating and service personnel should be instructed according to the
safety instructions.
This equipment can be dangerous if it is not operated according to the instructions in this
operating manual.
1.2 WARNINGS, NOTICES AND SYMBOLS IN THESE INSTRUCTIONS
Warning instructions in this manual highlight particular dangers to users and to the
device and state measures for avoiding the hazard. These warning instructions fall into the
following categories:
DANGER Immediate risk of danger.
Non-observance will result in death or serious injury.
WARNING Potential danger.
Non-observance may result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION Potentially dangerous situation.
Non-observance may result in minor injury.
NOTICE Potentially dangerous situation.
Non-observance may result in damage to property.
INFO Provides information about particular characteristics and how to
proceed.
Explanation of warning notice:
LEVEL OF DANGER
This notice warns you of a danger!
Possible consequences of not observing the warning notice.
Measures for preventing the hazard and its consequences.
1.3 LANGUAGES
The operating manual is available in the following languages:
Original operating manual
Language Order no.
German 2428308
Translation of the original operating manual
Language Order no. Language Order no.
English 2428311 Spanish 2428315
French 2428312 Polish 2444827
Italian 2428313 Chinese 2428318
Additional languages on request or at: www.walther-pilot.de

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1.4 ABBREVIATIONS
Order
no.
Order number Wrench size
Spare part for low-viscosity (LV) products
Marking in the spare parts lists for high-viscosity (HV) products
Position Low air
Number of pieces Manual gun
ADH Adhesive
1.5 TERMINOLOGY FOR THE PURPOSE OF THIS MANUAL
Cleaning
Cleaning Manual cleaning of devices and device parts with cleaning
agent.
Flushing Internal ushing of paint-wetted parts with ushing agent.
Product pressure
generator
Pump or pressure tank.
Personnel qualications
Trained person Is instructed in the tasks assigned to him/her, the potential risks
associated with improper behavior as well as the necessary
protective devices and measures.
Electrically trained
person
Is instructed by an electrician about the tasks assigned to him/
her, the potential risks associated with improper behavior as well
as the necessary protective devices and measures.
Electrician Can assess the work assigned to him/her and detect possible
hazards based on his/her technical training, knowledge and
experience in relevant provisions.
Skilled person in
accordance with
TRBS1203
(2010/Revision 2012)
A person who, based on his/her technical training, experience
and recent vocational experience, has sucient technical
knowledge in the areas of explosion protection, protection
from pressure hazards and electric hazards (if applicable) and
is familiar with the relevant and generally accepted rules of
technology so that he/she can inspect and assess the status of
devices and coating systems based on workplace safety.

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2 CORRECT USE
2.1 DEVICE TYPE
Manual gun for manually coating work pieces.
PILOT GM 1030G
2.2 TYPE OF USE
The spray gun is suitable for atomizing liquid products, particularly coating products,
using the atomizing air process:
– Non-ignitable products.
– Ignitable products.
WALTHER expressly excludes any other use!
The device may only be operated under the following conditions:
Do not deactivate safety xtures.
Use only WALTHER original spare parts and accessories.
The operating personnel must be trained on the basis of this operating manual.
Follow the instructions in the operating manual.
2.3 FOR USE IN POTENTIALLY EXPLOSIVE AREAS
As dened in Directive 2014/34/EU(ATEX), the device is suitable for use in potentially
explosive areas (see 3.1).
2.4 PROCESSIBLE WORKING MATERIALS
Lacquers and paints, greases, oils and corrosion inhibitor, adhesive, ceramic glazes, stains.
If you want to spray working materials other than the aforementioned, contact a WALTER
Spritz- and Lackiersysteme representative.
Info
Contact your local WALTHER Spritz- and Lackiersysteme dealer and the product
manufacturer if you encounter application problems.
2.5 MISUSE
Misuse can lead to physical injury and/or property damage!
Special attention must be paid that:
No dry coating products, e.g., powder are processed.

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3 IDENTIFICATION
3.1 EXPLOSION PROTECTION IDENTIFICATION
As dened in the Directive 2014/34/EU (ATEX), the device is suitable for use in potentially
explosive areas.
Device type: Manual spray gun PILOT GM 1030G
Manufacturer: WALTHER Spritz- und Lackiersysteme GmbH,
Kärntner Str. 18-30
D-42327 Wuppertal
II 2G X
CE European Communities
Ex Symbol for explosion protection
II Device class II
2 Category 2 (zone 1)
G Ex-atmosphere gas
X Special notice
3.2 IDENTIFICATION "X"
The maximum surface temperature corresponds to the permissible product temperature.
This and the permissible ambient temperature can be found in Chapter 5.4.2.
Safe handling of WALTHER spray devices
Mechanical sparks can form if the device comes into contact with metal.
In an explosive atmosphere:
knocking or pushing metal against metal is to be avoided;
Do not drop the device.
Ignition temperature of the coating product
Ensure that the ignition temperature of the coating product is above the maximum
surface temperature.
Medium supporting atomizing
To atomize the product, use only weakly oxidizing gases, e.g., air.
Cleaning
If there are deposits on the surfaces, the device may form electrostatic charges. Flames or
sparks can form during discharge.
Remove deposits from the surfaces to maintain conductivity.
Use only a damp cloth to clean the device.

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3.3 TYPE PLATE
Designation
1 Maximum air inlet pressure
2 Spray gun model and manufacturer
3 Explosion protection identication and year of manufacture serial number (YB-SN)
GM 1030G
Walther Spritz- und Lackiersysteme GmbH
D-42327

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4 BASIC SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
4.1 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE OPERATOR
Keep this operating manual at hand near the device at all times.
Always follow local regulations concerning occupational safety and accident
prevention regulations.
4.2 A SAFE WORK ENVIRONMENT
Danger due to dangerous uids or vapors!
Severe or fatal injuries due to explosion danger or inhalation, swallowing or contact with
the skin or eyes.
Ensure that the oor in the working area is static dissipative in accordance with
EN61340-4-1 (resistance must not exceed 100 MΩ).
Paint mist extraction systems/ventilation systems must be tted on site according
to local regulations.
Make sure that the ground connection and potential equalization of all system parts
are reliable and continuous and can withstand the expected stress (e.g., mechanical
stress, corrosion).
Ensure that product hoses/air hoses adapted to the working pressure are used.
Ensure that personal protective equipment (see Chapter 4.55) is available and is
used.
Make sure that all people within the work area wear static dissipative shoes. The
footwear must comply with EN ISO 20344. The measured insulation resistance must
not exceed 100 MΩ.
Ensure that during spraying, persons wear static dissipative gloves. The grounding
takes place via the spray gun's handle or its trigger.
Protective clothing, including gloves, must comply with EN 1149-5. The measured
insulation resistance must not exceed 100 MΩ.
Ensure that there are no ignition sources such as naked ames, sparks, glowing
wires, or hot surfaces in the vicinity. Do not smoke.
Ensure that the pipe joints, hoses, equipment parts and connections are
permanently, technically leak-proof:
– Periodic preventative maintenance and service (replacing hoses, checking
tightness of connections, etc.).
– Regular monitoring of leaks and defects via visual inspection and odor testing,
e.g., daily before commissioning, at the end of work or weekly.
Ensure that maintenance and safety checks are performed regularly.
In the event of defects, immediately bring the device or system to a stop and
arrange to have repairs carried out immediately.

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4.3 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS
Danger due to incorrect use of device!
Risk of death due to untrained personnel.
Ensure that the operating personnel has been instructed by the operator in
accordance with the operating manual and the operating instructions. The device
must only be operated, maintained and repaired by trained personnel. Refer to the
operating instructions for information about the required personnel qualications.
4.4 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PERSONNEL
Always observe the information in this manual, particularly the safety instructions
and the warning instructions.
Always follow local regulations concerning occupational safety and accident
prevention regulations.
4.5 PERSONAL SAFETY EQUIPMENT
Danger due to dangerous uids or vapors!
Serious or fatal injuries due to inhalation, swallowing or contact with the skin or eyes.
When preparing or working with product and when cleaning the device, follow the
working instructions of the manufacturer of the products, solvents and cleaning
agents being used.
Take the specied protective measures. In particular, wear safety goggles, protective
clothing and gloves, as well as hand protection cream if necessary.
Use a mask or breathing apparatus if necessary.
For sucient health and environmental safety: Operate the device in a spray booth
or on a spraying wall with the ventilation (extraction) switched on.
Wear suitable protective clothing when working with hot products.
4.6 SAFE HANDLING OF WALTHER SPRAY DEVICES
Danger due to injection of products or ushing agent into the skin!
The spray jet is under pressure and can cause dangerous injuries. Avoid injection of
product or ushing agent:
Never point the spray gun at people.
Never reach into the spray jet.
Before any work on the device, in the event of work interruptions and malfunctions:
– Switch o the energy/compressed air supply.
– Relieve the pressure from the spray gun and device.
– Secure the spray gun against actuation
– Disconnect the control unit from the mains
– In the event of functional faults, remedy the fault as described in chapter „9
Troubleshooting and Rectication“.
If needed, the liquid ejection devices must be checked by experts (e.g., WALTHER
service technician), but at least every 12 months for their work-safe condition in
accordance with DGUV regulation 100-500 Chapter 2.29 and Chapter 2.36.
– For shut down devices, the examination can be suspended until the next start-up.
In the event of skin injuries caused by products or ushing agents:
Note the product or ushing agent that you have been using.
Consult a doctor immediately.

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4.7 GROUNDING THE DEVICE
Danger due to electrostatic charge!
Risk of injury, explosion hazard and damage to the device.
Friction, owing liquids and air or electrostatic coating processes create charges. Flames
or sparks can form during discharge.
Correct grounding of the entire spraying system prevents electrostatic charges.
Ensure that all devices and tanks are grounded before each spraying process.
Make sure that the ground and potential equalization of all system parts are
performed reliably and continuously and can withstand the expected stress (e.g.,
mechanical stress, corrosion).
Earth the workpieces being painted.
Ensure that all persons inside the working area are grounded, e.g., that they are
wearing static dissipative shoes.
Wear static dissipative gloves when spraying. The grounding takes place via the
spray gun's handle or its trigger.
4.8 CLEANING AND FLUSHING
Danger due to cleaning and ushing!
Explosion hazard and damage to the device.
Preference should be given to non-ignitable cleaning and ushing agents.
When carrying out cleaning work with ammable cleaning agents, make sure
that all equipment and resources (e.g., collection tank, funnel, transport cart) are
conductive or static dissipative and grounded.
Observe the material manufacturer's specications.
Ensure that the ash point of the cleaning agent is at least 15 K above the ambient
temperature or that cleaning is undertaken at a cleaning station with technical
ventilation.
Never use chloride or halogenated solvents (such as trichloroethane and methylene
chloride) with devices containing aluminium or galvanized/zinc-plated parts. They
may react chemically thus producing an explosion danger.
Take occupational and safety measures.
When commissioning or emptying the device, please note that:
– depending upon the coating product used,
– depending on the flushing agent (solvent) used,
an explosive mixture may temporarily exist inside the lines and items of equipment.
Only electrically conductive tanks may be used for cleaning and ushing agents.
The tanks must be grounded.
An explosive gas/air mixture forms in closed tanks.
Never spray into a closed tank when using solvents for ushing.

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Exterior cleaning
When cleaning the exterior of the device or its parts, also observe the following:
Relieve the pressure from the device.
De-energize the device electrically.
Disconnect the pneumatic supply line.
Use only moistened cloths and brushes. Never use abrasive agents or hard objects
and never spray cleaning agents with a gun. Cleaning the device must not damage
it in any way.
Ensure that no electric component is cleaned with or immersed into solvent.
Which cleaning agent is used to clean the spray gun depends on which parts of the
spray gun have to be cleaned and which product has to be removed.
• When cleaning the spray gun, only use non-polar cleaning agents to prevent
conductive residues on the surface of the spray gun.
• Should it still be necessary to use a polar cleaning agent, all residues of this
cleaning agent have to be removed by using a non-conductive and non-polar
cleaning agent, once the cleaning is nished.
4.9 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR
Danger due to improper maintenance and repair!
Danger to life and equipment damage.
Only a WALTHER Spritz- und Lackiersysteme service center or a suitably trained
person may carry out repairs and replace parts.
Repair or replacement of devices or parts of devices are only allowed to be
performed outside the hazard area by qualied personnel.
Use only WALTHER original spare parts and accessories.
Do not change or modify the device; if change is necessary, contact WALTHER.
Only repair and replace parts that are listed in the accessories and spare parts
chapter and that are assigned to the device.
Do not use any defective components.
Before all work on the device and in the event of work interruptions:
– Relieve the pressure from the spray gun, product hoses and all devices.
– Secure the spray gun against actuation.
– Switch o the energy and compressed air supply.
Observe the operating and service manual for all work.
4.10 PROTECTIVE AND MONITORING EQUIPMENT
Danger due to removal of protective and monitoring equipment!
Danger to life and equipment damage.
Protective and monitoring equipment must not be removed, modied or rendered
unusable.
Regularly check for perfect functioning.
If defects are detected on protective and monitoring equipment, the system must
not be operated until these defects are remedied.

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5 DESCRIPTION
5.1 COMPONENTS
Designation
A Cup receptacle
B Needle stroke regulator
C Needle stroke regulator lock
D Shaping air adjustment
E Air connection
F Air regulation
G Trigger
H Nozzle / air cap
I Air cap nut
J Spray gun housing
5.2 FUNCTIONING
When pressing the trigger (G), rst the atomizing air is released and then the material
needle is retracted. In this way, the spray product moves through the nozzle (H) to the
workpiece surface to be coated. The closing of the spray gun takes place in the reverse
order. The product ow rate is dependent on the diameter of the nozzle (H) and the setting
of the product pressure on the pressure vessel or product pressure regulator. With the
shaping air adjustment (D) the spray pattern can be optimally adjusted to the object being
sprayed. The ow rate can be regulated by rotating the needle stroke regulator (B) and this
setting can be xed using the needle stroke regulator lock (C). The air supply is regulated
using the air regulator (F).

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5.3 STANDARD EQUIPMENT
Designation
1 CE Declaration of Conformity
1 Operating manual, in German
1Operating manual in local language, see chapter 1.3
For special versions the delivery note applies.
5.4 DATA
5.4.1 MATERIALS OF PAINT WETTED PARTS
Metals Plastics
Stainless steel 1.4305 PE-UHMW
5.4.2 TECHNICAL DATA
Description Units Value
Maximum air inlet pressure bar; MPa; psi 8; 0.8; 116
recommended: 2; 0.2; 29
Cup connection mm M16x1.5
Air connection Inches G1/4"
Weight g; oz 419; 14.8
pH range of the product pH 3.5–9.0
Maximum product temperature °C; °F 40; 104
Operating temperature °C; °F 5–40; 41–104
Sound level at 0.3 MPa; 3 bar; 43.5 psi air pressure and
0.3 MPa; 3 bar; 43.5 psi product pressure * dB(A) 84.1
* A-rated sound pressure level measured at 1 m distance, LpA1m, in accordance with DIN EN 14462: 2005.
5.4.3 DIMENSIONS AND CONNECTIONS
Dimensions
B_07497
C
A
D
B
mm; inch
A 130; 5.12
B 180; 7.09
C 50; 1.97
D M16

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5.4.4 AIR FLOW
Flow diagram
Gun inlet pressure in bar
Air ow in nl/min
1 Air ow in nl/min 2 Gun inlet pressure in bar
Inlet pressure (MPa;bar; psi) 0,1; 1; 14.5 0,2; 2; 29.0 0,3; 3; 43.5 0,4; 4; 58.0 0,5; 5; 72.5 0,6; 6; 87.0
HVLP, round A 103 165 225 283 340 400
HVLP, at B 197 322 429 542 648 754
HVLP+, round C 79 123 166 213 259 306
HVLP+, at D 155 244 328 412 502 592
Conventional, round E 71 111 153 196 238 283
Conventional, at F 160 257 345 437 528 619
Information on air ow in nl/min with an inlet pressure between 0.1; 1; 14.5 and 0.6; 6; 87.0 (MPa;bar; psi).
A
B
F
D
C
E

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6 ASSEMBLY AND COMMISSIONING
6.1 TRAINING OF ASSEMBLY/COMMISSIONING PERSONNEL
The assembly and commissioning personnel must have the technical skills to safely
commission the device.
When assembling, commissioning and carrying out all work, read and follow the
operating manuals and safety regulations for the additionally required system
components.
A skilled person must check to ensure that the device is in a reliable state after it is
assembled and commissioned.
6.2 STORAGE CONDITIONS
Until the point of assembly, the device must be stored in a dry location, free from vibrations
and with a minimum of dust. The device must be stored in closed rooms.
The air temperature at the storage location must be between -20°C and 60°C (-4°F and
140°F).
The relative air humidity at the storage location must be between 10 and 95% (without
condensation).
6.3 INSTALLATION CONDITIONS
The air temperature at the installation site must be in a range between 4°C and 40°C (39°F
and 104°F).
The relative air humidity at the installation site must be between 10 and 95% (without
condensation).
6.4 INSTALLATION AND CONNECTION
The PILOT manual gun GM 1030G must be combined with various components to make
up a spraying system. Your WALTHER distributor would be happy to assist you in creating a
spraying system solution that meets your individual needs.
You must familiarize yourself with the operating manuals and the safety regulations of all
additional system components before starting commissioning.
6.4.1 VENTILATION OF THE SPRAY BOOTH
Operate the unit in a spraying booth approved for the working materials.
Or
Operate the unit on an appropriate spraying wall with the ventilation (extraction)
switched on.
Observe national and local regulations for the outgoing air speed.
6.4.2 AIR SUPPLY LINES
Ensure that only dry, clean atomizing air is used in the spray gun! Dirt and moisture in the
atomizing air worsens the spraying quality and spray pattern.

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WARNING
Hose connections!
Risk of injury and damage to the device.
Do not mix up hose connections of product hose and air hose.
6.4.3 PRODUCT SUPPLY LINES
NOTICE
Impurities in the spraying system!
Spray gun blockage, products harden in the spraying system.
Flush the spray gun and product supply with a suitable ushing agent before
commissioning.
6.5 GROUNDING
WARNING
Heavy paint mist if earthing is insufficient!
Danger of poisoning.
Insufficient paint application quality.
Earth all unit components.
Earth the workpieces being painted.
A conductive connection (potential equalization cable) must be established between
original tank and the equipment.
6.6 SAFETY CHECKS
Carry out safety checks in accordance with Chapter 8.2.3.
6.7 PRODUCT PREPARATION
The viscosity of the product is of great importance.
Please read the technical data sheet of the product for optimal processing, viscosity
adjustment and intermixing of the product.

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6.8 START UP
NOTICE
Impurities in the spraying system!
Spray gun blockage, products harden in the spraying system.
Flush the spray gun and product supply with a suitable ushing agent before
commissioning.
6.8.1 PROCEDURE
1. Attach product tank to spray gun.
2. Fit air cap over nozzle.
3. Fit the air cap nut and tighten by hand.
Visually check the permissible pressures for all the system components.
4. Make sure that the device and all other conductive parts within the work area are
grounded.
5. Connect air hose to spray gun and to oil-free, dry air supply.
6. Pull the trigger and check whether the spray gun closes correctly upon release.
7. Relieve the pressure from the spray gun and device.
6.8.2 VERIFYING A SAFE OPERATIONAL CONDITION
A skilled person must check to ensure that the device is in a reliable state after it is
assembled and commissioned.
This includes:
– Safety checks according to Chapter 8.2.3.
– Function test, in accordance with Chapter 11, after repair work.

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7 OPERATION
7.1 TRAINING THE OPERATING PERSONNEL
The operating personnel must be qualied to operate the entire system.
The operating sta must be familiar with the potential risks associated with
improper behavior as well as the necessary protective devices and measures.
Before work commences, the operating personnel must receive appropriate system
training.
7.2 TASKS
Ensure that:
the regular safety checks are carried out in accordance with Chapter 8.2.3;
commissioning is carried out in accordance with Chapter 6.8.
7.2.1 STARTING TO SPRAY WITH ATOMIZING AIR
1. Set air pressure regulator to approx. 0.1 to 0.4 MPa; 1 to 4 bar; 14.5 to 58 psi.
2. Open air regulation (A) below on the gun.
3. Spray on a test object (pull trigger).
4. Adjust the product pressure and air pressure in accordance with the nozzle and
object.
5. Use the shaping air controller on the spray gun to adjust the shaping air to
atomizing air ratio, until the optimal spray pattern is achieved.
Note:
Repeat points 4 and 6 until the optimum spray pattern is reached (iterative process).