Zeiss Axioskop 40 User manual

Operating Manual Axioskop 40 / Axioskop 40 FL
Routine microscope

INTRODUCTION Axioskop 40
Carl Zeiss Copyright Axioskop 40 FL
0-2 B 40-810 e 12/01
Knowledge of this manual is required for the operation of the instrument. Would you therefore please
make yourself familiar with the contents of this manual and pay special attention to hints concerning
safe operation of the instrument.
The specifications are subject to change; the manual is not covered by an update service.
© Unless expressly authorized, forwarding and duplication of this document and the software
package, as well as utilization and communication of its contents are not permitted. Violations will
entail an obligation to pay compensation.
All rights reserved in the event of granting of patents or registration of a utility model.
Issued by: Carl Zeiss
Light Microscopy
P.O.B. 4041
D-37030 Goettingen
GERMANY
Phone: ++49 551 5060 660
Telefax: ++49 551 5060 464
Internet: www.zeiss.de/micro
E-Mail: [e-mail]
Number of this manual: B 40-810 e
Date of issue: 12/01/2001

Axioskop 40 INTRODUCTION
Axioskop 40 FL Contents Carl Zeiss
B 40-810 e 12/01 0-3
CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 0-2
Copyright ................................................................................................................... 0-2
Contents .................................................................................................................... 0-3
Microscopy in a few steps ........................................................................................... 0-7
Notes on instrument safety ......................................................................................... 0-8
Notes on warranty .................................................................................................... 0-11
Overall view of Axioskop 40...................................................................................... 0-12
Overall view of Axioskop 40 FL.................................................................................. 0-13
CHAPTER 1 INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................... 1-2
1.1 Name and intended application................................................................................... 1-2
1.2 Instrument description and main features.................................................................... 1-2
1.3 System Overview Axioskop 40 / 40 FL.......................................................................... 1-4
1.4 Objectives...................................................................................................................1-8
1.5 Eyepieces.................................................................................................................. 1-10
1.6 Stage micrometers and eyepiece reticules.................................................................. 1-11
1.7 Technical data .......................................................................................................... 1-13

INTRODUCTION Axioskop 40
Carl Zeiss Contents Axioskop 40 FL
0-4 B 40-810 e 12/01
Page
CHAPTER 2 START-UP ..................................................................................................................2-4
2.1 Initial start-up.............................................................................................................2-4
2.1.1 Unpacking and installing the microscope......................................................................2-4
2.1.2 Attaching binocular tube or phototube ........................................................................2-5
2.1.3 Inserting eyepieces and auxiliary microscope ................................................................2-5
2.1.4 Setting interpupillary distance of the binocular tube .....................................................2-7
2.1.5 Setting the viewing height...........................................................................................2-7
2.1.6 Mounting objectives ....................................................................................................2-8
2.1.7 Inserting the refill set in the specimen marker...............................................................2-9
2.1.8 Attaching the universal condenser .............................................................................2-10
2.1.9 Connecting to power ................................................................................................2-11
2.1.10 Switching the microscope and HBO 100 W transformer on and off ............................2-11
2.1.11 Inserting and replacing the 12 V, 35 W halogen lamp ................................................2-12
2.1.12 HBO 103 illuminator (Axioskop 40 FL) ........................................................................2-13
2.1.13 HBO 50 fluorescence illuminator (Axioskop 40 FL) ......................................................2-17
2.2 Attachments and conversions ....................................................................................2-19
2.2.1 Changing the condenser............................................................................................2-19
2.2.2 Inserting stops (Ph, Var) and neutral filter in slider ......................................................2-20
2.2.3 Attaching filter mount...............................................................................................2-21
2.2.4 Attaching polarizer D.................................................................................................2-21
2.2.5 Attaching overview adapter.......................................................................................2-22
2.2.6 Changing the HBO 103 W/2 mercury vapor short-arc lamp ........................................2-23
2.2.7 Changing the burner for the HBO 50 fluorescence illuminator ....................................2-26
2.2.8 Mechanical stage with torque setting.........................................................................2-28
2.2.9 Changing the mechanical stage .................................................................................2-29
2.2.10 Changing the binocular tube .....................................................................................2-33
2.2.11 Attaching Axioskop connector plate...........................................................................2-34
2.2.12 Installing and removing "Push&Click" modules on the Axioskop 40 FL........................2-35
2.2.13 Changing the filter set in the FL P&C reflector module................................................2-36
2.2.14 Changing the beam splitter in the FL P&C reflector module ........................................2-38
2.2.15 Attaching the active co-observation equipment for 2 users.........................................2-40
2.2.16 Attaching the multi-observation equipment ...............................................................2-42
2.2.17 Attaching the intermediate tube for image projection ................................................2-44

Axioskop 40 INTRODUCTION
Axioskop 40 FL Contents Carl Zeiss
B 40-810 e 12/01 0-5
Page
CHAPTER 3 OPERATION ..............................................................................................................3-4
3.1 Axioskop 40 operation and function controls............................................................... 3-4
3.2 Axioskop 40 FL operation and function controls ........................................................ 3-10
3.3 Operation controls for accessory components............................................................ 3-16
3.4 Switching Axioskop 40 and Axioskop 40 FL on and off .............................................. 3-20
3.5 Illumination and contrast procedures......................................................................... 3-21
3.5.1 Setting transmitted-light bright field according to KÖHLER......................................... 3-21
3.5.2 Setting transmitted-light phase contrast .................................................................... 3-24
3.5.3 Setting transmitted-light VAREL contrast ................................................................... 3-26
3.5.4 Setting transmitted-light dark field ............................................................................ 3-27
3.5.5 Setting transmitted-light oblique illumination ............................................................ 3-29
3.5.6 Setting transmitted-light polarization......................................................................... 3-30
3.5.7 Setting epi-fluorescence............................................................................................ 3-34
3.6 Documentation......................................................................................................... 3-36
3.6.1 Attaching photomicrography equipment ................................................................... 3-36
3.6.2 Attaching adapters for video cameras........................................................................ 3-40
3.6.3 Attaching adapters for compact digital cameras ........................................................ 3-42
3.6.4 Digital cameras with 37 mm filter thread, e.g. SONY DCR-PC100 / SONY DSC-S50 .... 3-43
3.6.5 Digital cameras with 52 mm filter thread, e.g. SONY DSC-S70, DSC-S75, DSC-S85 .... 3-44
3.6.6 Adapting cameras with different filter thread sizes .................................................... 3-46
3.6.7 Sony DSC-S70, DC-S75, DSC-S85 on digital camera adapter 44 M52x0.75 ................ 3-46
3.7 Multiple observer equipment..................................................................................... 3-47
3.7.1 Using active co-observation equipment for 2 users .................................................... 3-47
3.7.2 Using multi-observation equipment........................................................................... 3-49
3.8 Drawing device......................................................................................................... 3-51
3.8.1 Attaching switchable intermediate tube for image projection..................................... 3-51
3.9 Measuring lengths .................................................................................................... 3-52

INTRODUCTION Axioskop 40
Carl Zeiss Contents Axioskop 40 FL
0-6 B 40-810 e 12/01
Page
CHAPTER 4 CARE, MAINTENANCE, TROUBLESHOOTING AND SERVICE ....................................4-2
4.1 Instrument care .......................................................................................................... 4-2
4.2 Instrument maintenance............................................................................................. 4-3
4.2.1 Performing checks.......................................................................................................4-3
4.2.2 Changing fuses ...........................................................................................................4-3
4.3 Troubleshooting ......................................................................................................... 4-4
4.4 Spares, consumables and tools ................................................................................... 4-8
4.5 Requesting service...................................................................................................... 4-9
APPENDIX
List of abbreviations.................................................................................................... A-2
Index.......................................................................................................................... A-4
Certification in accordance with DIN ISO 9001 / EN 46001
EC conformity declaration

Axioskop 40 INTRODUCTION
Axioskop 40 FL Microscopy in a few steps ... Carl Zeiss
B 40-810 e 12/01 0-7
Microscopy in a few steps using the example of "Setting of transmitted-light brightfield
according to KÖHLER"
☞Please read the instructions regarding instrument safety and the Instrument Description
(Chapter 1) and Start-Up (Chapter 2) chapters before using the Axioskop 40 or Axioskop 40 FL
microscopes for the first time.
(1) As described in Chapter 2 (Start-Up), the microscope is ready for operation and switched on
according to Section 3.4.
(2) Place a high-contrast specimen on the mechanical stage (cover slip pointing up).
(3) Swivel in 10x objective on the nosepiece and focus on the specimen; where possible, always
move the specimen away from the objective!
(4) Move the condenser - e.g. condenser 0.9/1.25 H - to the upper stop position via the
condenser drive. The height adjustment must be preset in such a manner that the specimen is
not moved by the condenser. If the 0.9/1.25 H condenser is equipped with the slider for
PH/H/Var, place it in the middle position for bright field.
(5) Close the luminous-field diaphragm until it is visible in the field of view, even if not in focus
(Fig. 0-1/A).
(6) Lower condenser 0.9/1.25 H until the edge of the luminous-field diaphragm appears in focus
(Fig. 0-1/B).
(7) Center the luminous-field diaphragm using centering screws on the condenser carrier (Fig. 0-
1/C) and open it until its edge just disappears behind the field of view (Fig. 0-1/D).
(8) To set the aperture diaphragm (contrast), remove one eyepiece from the binocular tube and
set the aperture diaphragm to approx. 2/3 of the diameter of the objective exit pupil
(Fig. 0-1/E). Optimum contrast setting is dependent on the specimen used.
(9) Insert the eyepiece again and, where necessary, refocus on the specimen via the fine drive.
(10) After each objective change, the field size and objective aperture change, which makes it
necessary to repeat steps (5) to (9).
Fig. 0-1 Diaphragm setting in transmitted-
light bright field according to
KÖHLER

INTRODUCTION Axioskop 40
Carl Zeiss Notes on instrument safety Axioskop 40 FL
0-8 B 40-810 e 12/01
Notes on instrument safety
The Axioskop 40 and Axioskop 40 FL microscopes have been designed, produced and tested in
compliance with DIN 61010-1 (IEC 1010-1) safety requirements for electrical measuring, control and
laboratory instruments, and meet the requirements of Appendix I of directive 73/23/EC.
The instruments meet the requirements of EC directive 89/336/EC and EMC legislation dated September
18, 1998. This operating manual includes information and warnings that must be observed by the user.
The following warning and information symbols are used in this manual:
☞NOTE
This symbol is a warning which you must observe under all circumstances.
CAUTION
This symbol is a warning which indicates a hazard to the instrument or instrument system.
CAUTION
This symbol is a warning which indicates a hazard to the user of the instrument.
CAUTION
Hot surface!
CAUTION
UV radiation is emitted!
CAUTION
Disconnect the instrument from the line before opening it!

Axioskop 40 INTRODUCTION
Axioskop 40 FL Notes on instrument safety Carl Zeiss
B 40-810 e 12/01 0-9
The Axioskop 40 and Axioskop 40 FL microscopes, including original accessories, may only be used for
the microscope techniques described in this manual.
Particular attention must be paid to the following warnings:
The manufacturer cannot assume any liability for any other applications, including individual
modules or single parts. This also applies to all service or repair work that is not carried out by
authorized service personnel. All warranty claims shall be forfeited.
The power plug must be inserted in an outlet featuring a grounding (earth) contact. The
grounding effect must not be made ineffective by an extension cable that does not have a
protective ground wire.
If it is determined that protection measures are no longer effective, the instrument must be
switched off and safeguarded against inadvertent operation. Please contact a Zeiss service
agency or the Carl Zeiss Microscopy Service to repair the instrument.
☞The power supply integrated in the stands of the microscopes enables line voltages to be used
in the range between 100 and 240 V ±10 %, 50 / 60 Hz, without the voltage on the
instrument having to be changed.
The transformers for the HBO 103 (ebq 100 dc) or XBO 75 (ebx 75 isolated) are designed for
the 100 to 240 V AC, 50 to 60 Hz range. They adapt automatically to the available line voltage.
There is no need to change the voltage.
However, the transformer for the HBO 50 must be set manually to the correct voltage (100,
110, 120, 127 or 230, 240 V), and the correct frequency must be preselected (50 or 60 Hz).
Before switching on the instrument, check as to whether it is suitable for the given line voltage.
Always disconnect the instrument from the power outlet before opening the instrument and
before changing the fuses.
Take sure to ensure you only use fuses of the rated power required. Use of makeshift fuses and
short-circuiting of the fuse holders are not permitted.

INTRODUCTION Axioskop 40
Carl Zeiss Notes on instrument safety Axioskop 40 FL
0-10 B 40-810 e 12/01
The Axioskop 40 and Axioskop 40 FL microscopes are not equipped with any special devices for
protection from substances that are corrosive, toxic, radioactive or other substances that could
be hazardous to health. All the legal regulations, particularly the pertinent accident prevention
regulations of the respective country, must be observed when handling such substances.
Gas-discharge lamps, e.g. HBO 50 or HBO 103, emit ultraviolet radiation, which can cause
burns to the eyes and skin. Therefore, never look directly into the light of these lamps and
avoid direct, unprotected incidence of their light on your skin. When using the microscope,
always use the protective devices belonging to the instrument (e.g. special attenuation filters or
the fluorescence protection shield). When they are hot, gas-discharge lamps are under high
internal pressure and may therefore only be changed when they have cooled down, and
protective gloves and goggles must be used (for detailed information please see Operating
Manual B 40-065 e).
When fluorescence filters are used, the heat protection filter for heat emitted by the
microscope illuminator must not be removed, since fluorescence filters are sensitive to heat,
and their performance could be impaired.
Avoid touching the hot lamp housing. Always pull the power plug before changing the lamps
and allow the instrument to cool down for some 15 minutes.
Dust and dirt may impair the instrument’s performance. Therefore, the instrument must be
protected from these influences as far as possible and covered with the dust cover when not in
use. Always check whether the instrument is switched off before you cover it.
Placing objects against or covering ventilation slats may lead to heat build-up that will damage
the instrument and, in extreme cases, cause a fire. Always keep the ventilation slats clear and
ensure that no objects enter the instrument through the ventilation slats.
The instruments may only be operated by trained personnel who must be aware of the possible
dangers involved with microscopy and the particular application concerned. The Axioskop 40 /
Axioskop 40 FL is a high-precision instrument that can be impaired in its performance or
destroyed when handled improperly.

Axioskop 40 INTRODUCTION
Axioskop 40 FL Notes on warranty Carl Zeiss
B 40-810 e 12/01 0-11
Notes on warranty
The manufacturer guarantees that the instrument has no material or production defects when delivered.
You must inform us of any defects immediately and do everything to minimize any damage. If the
manufacturer is informed of such a defect, he is obligated to rectify it; it is his decision whether he does
this by repairing the instrument or by delivering an instrument free of any defect. No guarantee is
provided for defects caused by natural wear (wearing parts and consumables in particular) and improper
use.
The instrument manufacturer is not liable for damage caused by faulty operation, negligence or any
other tampering with the instrument, particularly the removal or replacement of instrument
components, or the use of accessories from other manufacturers. This forfeits all warranty claims.
With the exception of the work specified in this manual, no maintenance or repair of the Axioskop 40 /
Axioskop 40 FL may be undertaken. Repairs may only be performed by Zeiss service staff or specially
authorized personnel. Should any defect occur with the instrument, please get in touch with your local
Zeiss representative.

INTRODUCTION Axioskop 40
Carl Zeiss Overall view of Axioskop 40 Axioskop 40 FL
0-12 B 40-810 e 12/01
Overall view of Axioskop 40
1 Eyepieces
2 Binocular tube
3Stand
4 Transmitted-light illuminator
5 Condenser 0.9/1.25 H
6 Mechanical stage
7Objective

Axioskop 40 INTRODUCTION
Axioskop 40 FL Overall view of Axioskop 40 FL Carl Zeiss
B 40-810 e 12/01 0-13
Overall view of Axioskop 40 FL
1 Eyepieces
2 Ergo-tube 20°/23 with height adjustment
3Stand
4 Incident-light illuminator
5 Transmitted-light illuminator
6 Universal condenser 0.9
7 Mechanical stage
8Objective

INTRODUCTION Axioskop 40
Carl Zeiss Axioskop 40 FL
0-14 B 40-810 e 12/01

Axioskop 40 INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
Axioskop 40 FL Table of contents / List of illustrations Carl Zeiss
B 40-810 e 12/01 1-1
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
Table of contents
1 INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................... 1-2
1.1 Name and intended application ....................................................................................... 1-2
1.2 Instrument description and main features ........................................................................ 1-2
1.3 System Overview Axioskop 40 / 40 FL .............................................................................. 1-4
1.4 Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 1-8
1.5 Eyepieces ...................................................................................................................... 1-10
1.6 Stage micrometers and eyepiece reticules ..................................................................... 1-11
1.7 Technical data...............................................................................................................1-13
List of illustrations
Fig. 1-1 Objective......................................................................................................................... 1-8

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 40
Carl Zeiss Name ... / Instrument description ... Axioskop 40 FL
1-2 B 40-810 e 12/01
1INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
1.1 Name and intended application
Manufacturer's designation: Axioskop 40 microscope
Axioskop 40 FL microscope
The Axioskop 40 and Axioskop 40 FL microscopes have been designed as universal microscopes for
biomedical applications. They can be used as pure transmitted-light microscopes or, with epi-
fluorescence equipment, as combined transmitted-light / reflected-light microscopes
The Axioskop 40 and Axioskop 40 FL microscopes are mainly used in:
−hospitals
−doctor's offices
−universities and in
−industry
1.2 Instrument description and main features
With the advanced pyramid and modular design, the Axioskop 40/40 FL incorporates time-tested
principles in microscope construction, thus ideally combining modern requirements made on design,
ergonomics, operating convenience and function with technical performance. Due to the modular
design, existing microscope modules from the Axioskop 2 plus and Axioplan 2 imaging, such as tubes,
intermediate tubes and condensers, are easy to attach. A connector plate must be mounted for Axioplan
2 imaging modules.
Depending on the instrument configuration, the following microscopy and contrasting techniques are
possible:
Transmitted light: Reflected light:
- bright field - fluorescence contrast
- dark field
- phase contrast
- VAREL contrast
- polarization contrast
The Axioskop 40 FL stand includes epi-fluorescence equipment. The optional adjustment guide is
integrated into the microscope stand in the factory when ordered. For technical reasons, retrofitting
existing transmitted-light instruments with the epi-fluorescence equipment should be performed by Zeiss
service staff, since the nosepiece must also be retrofitted.
The binocular phototubes and suitable adapters enable one microscope camera, one reflex camera or
one digital / video camera to be attached for documentation purposes.

Axioskop 40 INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
Axioskop 40 FL Instrument description and main features Carl Zeiss
B 40-810 e 12/01 1-3
Major instrument features of the Axioskop 40:
−Stable and sturdy diecast stand with T-shaped base in pyramid design and integrated power supply
for the 12 V, 35 W halogen lamp
−Stage focusing via coaxial rough / fine drive
−Fixed and rotary mechanical stage with ceramic-coated surface and variable drive length
−Installed 12 V, 35 W lamp for transmitted light and HBO 50 or HBO 103 for reflected light
−Condenser 0.9/1.25 H for bright-field applications as well as for phase and variable contrast when
used in combination with a separate slider for Ph / Var
−Ball-bearing, 6-position nosepiece with W 0.8" thread
−ICS objectives in the cost-performance categories A-Plan, Achroplan, Plan-Neofluar, Plan-Apochromat
−Binocular tubes and phototubes with fixed and variable viewing angle as well as ergo-tubes and ergo-
phototubes with infinitely variable height adjustment
−Adjustable 10x focusing eyepieces with field-of-view number 23, suitable for eyeglass wearers
−Wide variety of attachment possibilities for photography and video-microscopy
−Multi-observation equipment for 2 or 9 viewing stations
Additional features of the Axioskop 40 FL:
−High-performance epi-fluorescence equipment
−6-position nosepiece with W 0.8" thread and 5-position reflector turret

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 40
Carl Zeiss System overview Axioskop 40 / 40 FL Axioskop 40 FL
1-4 B 40-810 e 12/01
1.3 System Overview Axioskop 40 / 40 FL

Axioskop 40 INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
Axioskop 40 FL System overview Axioskop 40 / 40 FL Carl Zeiss
B 40-810 e 12/01 1-5

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 40
Carl Zeiss System overview Axioskop 40 / 40 FL Axioskop 40 FL
1-6 B 40-810 e 12/01