Acterna ANT-5 User manual

Acterna SDH Access Tester
ANT-5, 08.00...
User Manual

Acterna ANT-5 Page 3
Acterna SDH Access Tester
ANT-5
For software version 08.00…
Please direct all enquiries to the nearest Acterna Sales Office o
r
Technical Assistance Centre. For locality information visit our Web
Site, www.acterna.com, or contact the nearest Regional Sales Office
as listed on the back of the manual.
© Copyright 2003 Acterna, LLC. All rights reserved. Acterna, The Keepers of
Communications, and its logo are trademarks of Acterna, LLC. All other
trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective
owners.
Subject to change without notice.
Printed in the United Kingdom.
4565-8498.210 Revision 12/17.07.2003
Last saved on 17 July, 2003

Page 4 Acterna ANT-5
This product incorporates VxWorks™ software developed by
Wind River Systems Inc., by whom it is copyrighted.
‘MS-DOS’, ‘Windows’ and ‘HyperTerminal’ are registered
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

Contents
Acterna ANT-5 Page 5
Contents
1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................13
1.1 Intended use..................................................................................................................13
1.2 Features of the SDH Access Tester application software..............................................14
1.3 Acterna ANT-5 Software version summary....................................................................14
1.4 Acterna ANT-5 Hardware version summary ..................................................................15
1.5 Physical layout and connectors – BN4565/01................................................................15
1.6 Physical layout and connectors – BN 4565/02...............................................................17
1.7 Physical layout and connectors – BN 4565/03...............................................................19
1.8 Safety instructions .........................................................................................................20
1.8.1 Correct usage .........................................................................................................20
1.8.2 Connection to test circuits carrying dangerous voltages.........................................20
1.8.3 Laser safety ............................................................................................................21
1.8.4 Cleaning optical connectors....................................................................................21
1.8.5 Optical attenuators .................................................................................................21
1.8.6 Faults and damage.................................................................................................22
1.8.7 General cleaning ....................................................................................................22
1.9 Power supplies ..............................................................................................................22
1.9.1 Battery charging .....................................................................................................23
1.9.2 Low battery .............................................................................................................23
1.9.3 Displaying the battery charge indicator...................................................................23
2. Getting started ...................................................................................................................25
2.1 Switching on and off ......................................................................................................25
2.2 Start up screens.............................................................................................................25
2.3 Menus............................................................................................................................26
2.4 Message boxes..............................................................................................................26
2.5 LED and on-screen indicators........................................................................................26
2.6 Using the keyboard........................................................................................................27
2.6.1 Adjusting the screen contrast .................................................................................29
2.6.2 Switching the beeper on or off ................................................................................29
2.6.3 Function keys .........................................................................................................29
2.6.4 Using the alphanumeric keypad .............................................................................29
2.6.5 Changing the keypad settings ................................................................................30
2.7 Printing the current screen.............................................................................................30

Contents
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2.7.1 Printer configuration ............................................................................................... 30
2.8 Serial port...................................................................................................................... 31
2.8.1 Comms menu......................................................................................................... 31
2.9 Card slot........................................................................................................................ 33
2.10 Setting the time and date............................................................................................. 33
2.11 Setting the time zone................................................................................................... 34
2.12 Setting daylight savings time ....................................................................................... 34
2.13 Power saving features................................................................................................. 35
2.13.1 Using the backlight............................................................................................... 35
2.13.2 Display Saver ....................................................................................................... 35
2.13.3 Auto Power-off ..................................................................................................... 35
2.14 International features................................................................................................... 36
2.14.1 Setting the operating language ............................................................................ 36
3. The Acterna ANT-5 operating system.............................................................................. 37
3.1 Application launcher ...................................................................................................... 37
3.1.1 Switching to an ANT-5 system application ............................................................. 37
3.2 Using the file system and the File Manager................................................................... 37
3.2.1 Navigating the file system ...................................................................................... 38
3.2.2 Directories .............................................................................................................. 38
3.2.3 Specifying a filename ............................................................................................. 39
3.2.4 Valid filenames....................................................................................................... 39
3.2.5 Saving results......................................................................................................... 39
3.2.6 Formatting a card ................................................................................................... 40
3.2.7 Refreshing the displayed file list............................................................................. 40
3.2.8 CompactFlash Cards .............................................................................................40
3.3 Transferring files to a PC environment .......................................................................... 40
3.3.1 Transferring files from the ANT-5 to a PC using the serial port.............................. 40
3.3.2 File Transfer ........................................................................................................... 41
3.4 Available online help ..................................................................................................... 42
4. The SDH Access Tester application ................................................................................43
4.1 General screen layout ................................................................................................... 44
4.1.1 Moving around the screen...................................................................................... 44
4.1.2 Status bar............................................................................................................... 45
4.1.3 Function keys ......................................................................................................... 46

Contents
Acterna ANT-5 Page 7
4.2 Setup pages...................................................................................................................47
4.3 Measurement Selection .................................................................................................48
4.4 Signal Structure setup page...........................................................................................49
4.4.1 Hierarchy Setup Tx.................................................................................................50
4.4.2 Interface Setup Tx ..................................................................................................50
4.4.3 Virtual Container Setup Tx......................................................................................52
4.4.4 Channel Setup Tx...................................................................................................52
4.4.5 PDH Setup Tx.........................................................................................................53
4.4.6 Pattern Setup Tx.....................................................................................................53
4.4.7 Hierarchy Setup Rx ................................................................................................54
4.4.8 Interface Setup Rx..................................................................................................54
4.4.9 Virtual Container Setup Rx .....................................................................................55
4.4.10 Channel Setup Rx ................................................................................................56
4.4.11 PDH Setup Rx ......................................................................................................56
4.4.12 Pattern Setup Rx ..................................................................................................56
4.4.13 Symmetrical Tx and Rx Settings...........................................................................57
4.5 Overhead Setup.............................................................................................................57
4.5.1 Transmitted Trace Identifiers..................................................................................58
4.5.2 Trace Identifiers......................................................................................................58
4.5.3 Path Labels.............................................................................................................59
4.5.4 Tandem Connection Monitoring..............................................................................59
4.5.5 AU Pointer Value ....................................................................................................60
4.6 Measurement Timer Setup ............................................................................................60
4.7 Performance Analysis Setup..........................................................................................61
4.8 VC12 Tributary Scanning Setup ....................................................................................62
4.9 Results...........................................................................................................................63
4.10 Results Summary ........................................................................................................63
4.10.1 Clock Offset results ..............................................................................................63
4.11 Injection .......................................................................................................................64
4.11.1 Injection of Anomalies...........................................................................................65
4.11.2 Injection of Bursts errors.......................................................................................65
4.11.3 Injection of Code errors ........................................................................................66
4.11.4 Injection of Defects ...............................................................................................66
4.12 Performance Analysis Results .....................................................................................67

Contents
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4.12.1 Performance Analysis results display................................................................... 67
4.13 Anomalies and Defects results .................................................................................... 68
4.13.1 Defect Panel......................................................................................................... 68
4.13.2 Event Log ............................................................................................................. 69
4.13.3 Anomaly Count..................................................................................................... 69
4.13.4 Graphs ................................................................................................................. 69
4.14 Overhead Analysis and Injection ................................................................................. 71
4.14.1 Summary View ..................................................................................................... 72
4.14.2 Expert View .......................................................................................................... 72
4.15 TCM results summary ................................................................................................. 74
4.16 VC12 Tributary Scanning Results ............................................................................... 75
4.17 Repetitive BERT.......................................................................................................... 76
4.18 Automatic Protection Switching ................................................................................... 76
4.19 Pointer Analysis...........................................................................................................77
4.20 Delay ........................................................................................................................... 78
4.21 Nx64............................................................................................................................ 78
4.22 STM-16 Functionality................................................................................................... 79
4.22.1 STM-16 G957 Optical transmitter and receiver .................................................... 79
4.22.2 Optical Power Measurement ................................................................................ 80
4.22.3 PECL NRZ STM monitor port............................................................................... 80
4.22.4 E1 Hi-Z input ........................................................................................................ 81
4.22.5 Testing PDH T1 Interfaces................................................................................... 81
4.23 Saving and exporting results and setups..................................................................... 81
4.23.1 Exporting data to a spreadsheet using a storage card ......................................... 84
4.24 On-Screen LED Indicators........................................................................................... 84
4.25 User Preferences ........................................................................................................ 85
4.26 Installed options ..........................................................................................................86
5. Optional software for the ANT-5....................................................................................... 87
5.1 Installing options............................................................................................................ 87
5.2 PDH Mux/DeMux........................................................................................................... 88
5.2.1 PDH Mux Tx........................................................................................................... 88
5.2.2 Sa Bit generation Tx............................................................................................... 88
5.2.3 Sa-bit monitoring .................................................................................................... 89
5.2.4 PDH DeMux Rx...................................................................................................... 89

Contents
Acterna ANT-5 Page 9
5.3 Concatenated Mapping..................................................................................................89
5.4 Remote Operation .........................................................................................................90
5.4.1 Software Installation and operation ........................................................................90
5.4.2 Exporting ................................................................................................................92
5.4.3 Printing ...................................................................................................................92
5.4.4 Remote Operation Troubleshooting........................................................................92
5.5 Remote Control..............................................................................................................93
5.6 SONET ..........................................................................................................................93
5.6.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................93
5.6.2 Hierarchy Setup......................................................................................................93
5.6.3 Synchronous Payload Envelope Setup ..................................................................94
5.6.4 Channel Setup........................................................................................................94
5.6.5 PDH Setup..............................................................................................................94
5.6.6 SONET LED Indicators...........................................................................................94
5.6.7 SONET information ................................................................................................95
5.7 SDH AU-3/SONET VT Mapping ....................................................................................97
6. Asynchronous Transfer Mode – ATM...............................................................................99
6.1 ATM Overview ...............................................................................................................99
6.1.1 The ATM Reference Model.....................................................................................99
6.2 Introduction ....................................................................................................................99
6.2.1 ATM Setup and Result tabs..................................................................................100
6.3 Configuring the Physical Layer ....................................................................................100
6.3.1 Virtual Container Setup Tx....................................................................................101
6.4 Configuring the ATM Layer..........................................................................................101
6.4.1 The ATM structure................................................................................................102
6.4.2 ATM Header Tx ....................................................................................................102
6.4.3 ATM Service Contract Attributes Tx .....................................................................103
6.5 Configuring the Adaptation Layer ................................................................................103
6.5.1 ATM SDU Setup Tx ..............................................................................................103
6.6 Configuring Channel Explorer......................................................................................104
6.6.1 Enabling the Channel Explorer.............................................................................104
6.6.2 Configuring Explorer Channels.............................................................................104
6.7 ATM Setup Summary ..................................................................................................105
6.8 ATM Results ................................................................................................................105

Contents
Page 10 Acterna ANT-5
6.8.1 Results Summary................................................................................................. 105
6.8.2 Injection of ATM Anomalies and Defects..............................................................106
6.8.3 ATM Cell Statistics ............................................................................................... 106
6.8.4 ATM Quality of Service......................................................................................... 107
6.8.5 Viewing Results from the Channel Explorer......................................................... 108
6.9 ATM anomaly and defect results ................................................................................. 108
6.9.1 Defect Panel......................................................................................................... 108
6.9.2 Event Log............................................................................................................. 109
6.9.3 Anomaly count ..................................................................................................... 109
6.9.4 Graphs ................................................................................................................. 109
6.10 ATM LED Indicators .................................................................................................. 110
6.11 Further reading.......................................................................................................... 110
6.12 ATM Reference ......................................................................................................... 110
6.12.1 PTI coding.......................................................................................................... 110
7. Troubleshooting .............................................................................................................. 111
7.1 Self-test failure ............................................................................................................ 111
7.1.1 BN 4565/01 Series ............................................................................................... 111
7.1.2 BN 4565/02 onwards............................................................................................ 111
7.2 No screen image ......................................................................................................... 111
7.3 No beep when the storage card is inserted ................................................................. 111
7.4 Screen dump fails........................................................................................................ 112
7.5 Errors caused by poor optical connections.................................................................. 112
7.6 Battery performance and conditioning......................................................................... 112
7.6.1 Battery conditioning.............................................................................................. 113
7.6.2 Replacing the ANT-5 battery pack .......................................................................113
7.7 Accessing test results if the unit has been powered down. ......................................... 114
8. Customer support ........................................................................................................... 115
8.1 Questions about Acterna products .............................................................................. 115
8.2 Customer Services ...................................................................................................... 115
8.3 Service procedure ....................................................................................................... 115
8.4 Version information and serial numbers ...................................................................... 115
8.5 Software loading.......................................................................................................... 116
8.5.1 Deleting software applications.............................................................................. 116

Contents
Acterna ANT-5 Page 11
9. Appendix A – Specifications and ordering information ...............................................117
9.1 General........................................................................................................................117
9.2 External Power Supply.................................................................................................117
9.3 Environment.................................................................................................................118
9.4 Electrical and Mechanical ............................................................................................118
9.4.1 G703 Transmitters................................................................................................118
9.4.2 G.703 Receivers...................................................................................................118
9.4.3 Protected Monitor Point ........................................................................................119
9.4.4 G.957 Optical Transmitter and Receiver...............................................................119
9.4.5 Optical Output and Input levels.............................................................................119
9.4.6 ECL NRZ monitor specifications...........................................................................120
9.4.7 PDH T1 Interface..................................................................................................120
9.4.8 External Clock ......................................................................................................120
9.5 Specification and features of the SDH Access Tester application ...............................120
9.5.1 SDH STM-1 Mappings – base software ...............................................................120
9.5.2 Timers...................................................................................................................120
9.5.3 Storage.................................................................................................................120
9.5.4 Test Patterns ........................................................................................................121
9.5.5 Defects and Anomalies Monitoring.......................................................................121
9.5.6 Defects and Anomalies Injection ..........................................................................121
9.5.7 Overhead Analysis and Injection ..........................................................................121
9.5.8 Performance Analysis...........................................................................................121
9.6 Optional Accessories ...................................................................................................121
9.6.1 Hardware options and order numbers ..................................................................122
9.6.2 Cables ..................................................................................................................122
9.6.3 PC Cards – BN4565/01 series..............................................................................122
9.6.4 CompactFlash Cards – BN 4565/02 onwards.......................................................122
9.6.5 T1 testing..............................................................................................................122
9.7 Ordering information ....................................................................................................122
10. Appendix B – Standards Compliance ..........................................................................125
10.1 Electromagnetic Compatibility....................................................................................125
10.2 Safety.........................................................................................................................125
10.3 R&TTE Directive ........................................................................................................125
10.4 EC Declaration of Conformity ....................................................................................126

Contents
Page 12 Acterna ANT-5
11. Appendix C – Serial port and adapter cables.............................................................. 127
11.1 Serial port .................................................................................................................. 127
11.2 Serial adapter cables................................................................................................. 127
11.3 Serial-to-parallel adapter cable.................................................................................. 128
11.4 RJ48 Connector ........................................................................................................ 129
12. Appendix D – SDH and PDH information..................................................................... 131
12.1 SDH structure for ANT-5 ........................................................................................... 131
12.2 SDH defect hierarchy ................................................................................................ 132
12.3 SDH Tributary Numbering ......................................................................................... 133
12.4 SDH Anomalies and Defects..................................................................................... 133
12.5 PDH Anomalies and Defects..................................................................................... 135
12.6 Comparison of SDH/SONET anomalies and defects ................................................137
13. Appendix E – Performance Analysis Options............................................................. 139
13.1 Analysis and Hierarchy Validity ................................................................................. 139
13.2 Summary of performance analysis standards ........................................................... 139
13.2.1 Recommendation G.821 .................................................................................... 139
13.2.2 Recommendation G.826 .................................................................................... 140
13.2.3 Recommendation G.828 .................................................................................... 140
13.2.4 Recommendation G.829 .................................................................................... 141
13.2.5 Recommendation M.2100 .................................................................................. 141
13.2.6 Recommendation M.2101 .................................................................................. 141
14. Appendix F - Remote Access ....................................................................................... 143
14.1 Remote Operation via a modem................................................................................ 143
14.1.1 Setting up the remote ANT-5.............................................................................. 143
14.1.2 Setting up a PC using Windows 98 .................................................................... 144
14.1.3 Setting up a PC using Windows NT ................................................................... 150
14.1.4 Setting up a PC using Windows 2000 ................................................................ 155
14.2 Remote Operation via Ethernet (IEEE 802.3)............................................................162
14.2.1 Setting up the remote ANT-5.............................................................................. 162
14.3 Keyboard equivalents................................................................................................ 163
15. Appendix G – Glossary & Acronyms ........................................................................... 165

Introduction
Acterna ANT-5 Page 13
1. Introduction
1.1 Intended use
The Acterna ANT-5 SDH Access Tester is designed to provide all the test functions
required by engineers installing and maintaining SDH systems in the Access Network.
It can be fitted with the optical and electrical interfaces listed below.
It has independent transmitters & receivers for connection to the following interfaces:
SDH STM-1 electrical line interface
Optional STM-1 optical interfaces, 1310nm and/or 1550nm wavelengths
Optional STM-4 optical interfaces, 1310nm and 1550nm wavelengths
Optional STM-16 optical interfaces, 1310nm and 1550nm wavelengths
PDH E4 electrical line interface, 140 Mbit/s
DS3 electrical line interface, 45 Mbit/s
E3 electrical line interface, 34 Mbit/s
E1 electrical line interface, 2048 kbit/s (balanced and unbalanced)
Optional T1 electrical line interface, 1544 kbit/s & ECL interface

Introduction
Page 14 Acterna ANT-5
Application software is included with the product to facilitate the measurement of
network transmission quality and the monitoring and injection of anomalies and
defects.
The product may on occasions be used on a working public network and is designed
to be used by a skilled person, usually a technician, who is aware of the precautions
necessary when using measuring instruments. The product is intended only for
connection to circuits carrying Safety Extra Low Voltages (SELV).
1.2 Features of the SDH Access Tester application software
The SDH Access Tester application software provides a complete set of test functions
for engineers who install and maintain SDH and PDH systems. Performance analysis
is a key feature during the commissioning process, and the anomalies and defects of
the system can be measured and recorded. The application has the following features:
•Bit error rate testing including anomaly & defect analysis, injection.
•Performance analysis: G.826 (ISM), G.826 (OOS), G.821, G.828, G.829, M.2100,
M.2101 & ANSI
•Overhead testing including path tracing and injection
•Results printing and export (to PC)
Optional software for the ANT-5 is discussed in section 5. For more information on
purchasing any of these specific features please contact the nearest Regional Sales
Office as listed on the back of the manual.
1.3 Acterna ANT-5 Software version summary
Software Version Base Software Optional Software
08.00… G.828 and G.829 performance
analysis
Inline monitoring
ATM
Sa bit monitoring
(requires PDH Mux option)
07.00… E1 Code Error generation and
measurement
Alarm burst error generation and
detection
AU3 & VT* Mappings
(*requires SONET option)
06.00… Clock offset SONET
05.00… AU Pointer Value – SS bit monitoring
Tributary Scanning
Nx64
FTP functionality
User Preferences
PDH Mux/DeMux
(inc Sa bit generation)
VC4-4c Mapping
Remote Operation
Remote Control

Introduction
Acterna ANT-5 Page 15
Software Version Base Software Optional Software
04.00… Repetitive BERT
APS Measurement
Pointer Analysis
Round Trip Delay
03.00… Tandem Connection Monitoring
M2101 performance analysis
1.4 Acterna ANT-5 Hardware version summary
This manual refers to three types of hardware that are differentiated as follows:
Version Description
BN4565/03
(label on reverse)
STM-16 units. A T1 and ECL interface are located on the right
side of the unit. Included in this build is optical power
measurement functionality, NRZ STM monitor port, E1 Hi-Z input
and a PDH T1 Interface. See section 1.7 and 4.22 for further
details.
BN4565/02
(label on reverse)
A CompactFlash card slot is situated on the right of the unit. See
section 1.6 for further details.
BN4565/01 A PC Card slot situated on the left of the unit. See section 1.5 for
further details.
1.5 Physical layout and connectors – BN4565/01
The ANT-5 has the following external connectors at the rear and side:
STM-n
Optical Tx, Rx
FC/PC 1310nm
and/or 1550nm
Optical Tx and Rx connectors for STM-1 or
STM-4
Note: The optical interfaces are optional.
STM-1, E4, DS3, E3
Electrical Tx, Rx
BNC, 75Ω,
nickel plated
Unbalanced electrical Tx and Rx connectors
for STM-1 and higher-order PDH payloads
E1
Tx, Rx
BNC, 75Ω,
nickel plated
Unbalanced electrical Tx and Rx connectors
for E1 PDH payload
E1 RJ48, 8-wire
(6 wires used)
Balanced 120Ωelectrical connector for E1
PDH payload
Ext Clk input BNC, 75Ω,
nickel plated
Unbalanced electrical clock input for Tx at
2048 kbit/s or 2048 kHz

Introduction
Page 16 Acterna ANT-5
V24 D type 9-way
Male
Serial port connector
12V DC power 2.5mm 12V Power supply input. For use with type
PPS-1 only
Serial port
connector
Attachment
point
12V DC
Ext power
connector
ANT-5
Rear view
BNC
connectors
Ext. clock
connector
Optical
connectors
Side view
ANT-5
RJ48 connector

Introduction
Acterna ANT-5 Page 17
When the application is set up to use a Tx or Rx interface, an LED adjacent to the
appropriate external connector will be illuminated. If an Rx interface has been
selected, but has no signal detected by the application, its LED will flash.
1.6 Physical layout and connectors – BN 4565/02
The ANT-5 has the following external connectors at the rear and side:
STM-n
Optical Tx, Rx
FC/PC 1310nm
and/or 1550nm
Optical Tx and Rx connectors for STM-1 or
STM-4
Note: The optical interfaces are optional.
STM-1, E4, DS3, E3
Electrical Tx, Rx
BNC, 75Ω,
nickel plated
Unbalanced electrical Tx and Rx connectors
for STM-1 and higher-order PDH payloads
E1
Tx, Rx
BNC, 75Ω,
nickel plated
Unbalanced electrical Tx and Rx connectors
for E1 PDH payload
E1 RJ48, 8-wire
(6 wires used)
Balanced 120Ωelectrical connector for E1
PDH payload
Ext Clk input BNC, 75Ω,
nickel plated
Unbalanced electrical clock input for Tx at
2048 kbit/s or 2048 kHz
COM 1
RS232C
D type 9-way
Male
V.24 serial port
19V DC power
3A
2.1mm 19V Power supply input. For use with type
PPS-2 only
<…> RJ45 10 base T – TCP/IP Ethernet port

Introduction
Page 18 Acterna ANT-5

Introduction
Acterna ANT-5 Page 19
1.7 Physical layout and connectors – BN 4565/03
The ANT-5 has the following external connectors at the rear and side:
STM-n
Optical Tx, Rx
FC/PC 1310nm
and/or 1550nm
Tx and Rx connectors for STM-1, STM-4 or
STM-16.
Note: The optical interfaces are optional.
STM-1, E4, DS3, E3
Electrical Tx, Rx
BNC, 75Ω,
nickel plated
Unbalanced electrical Tx and Rx connectors
for STM-1 and higher-order PDH payloads
E1
Tx, Rx
BNC, 75Ω,
nickel plated
Unbalanced electrical Tx and Rx connectors
for E1 PDH payload
E1 RJ48, 8-wire
(6 wires used)
Balanced 120Ωelectrical connector for E1
PDH payload
T1
Tx, Rx
Bantam, 100ΩBalanced electrical Tx and Rx connectors for
T1 (1.544 Mbps) PDH payload
STM-n
Rx
SMA, NRZ ECL input
Ext Clk input BNC, 75Ω,
nickel plated
Unbalanced electrical clock input for Tx at
2048 kbit/s or 2048 kHz
COM 1
RS232C
D type 9-way
Male
V.24 serial port
19V DC power
3A
2.1mm 19V Power supply input. For use with type
PPS-2 only
<…> RJ45 10 base T – TCP/IP Ethernet port

Introduction
Page 20 Acterna ANT-5
Right-side view
ANT-5
CompactFlash
slot
Serial port
connector
T1
Connectors
ECL input
Note: For reliable operation we recommend only using Acterna cables (e.g. K168,169)
WARNING: Section 1.8, Safety instructions, should be read before connecting
cables to the ANT-5.
Note 1: Optical connectors, where fitted, are provided with dust caps which should be
used whenever an optical lead is not connected.
Note 2: Care must be taken not to connect a long-haul (high power) transmitter
directly to the receiver, since this can overload or even damage some receiver
modules. By connecting an external optical attenuator (as supplied) this restriction can
be overcome.
1.8 Safety instructions
To ensure that the ANT-5 is maintained in perfect condition and that it operates safely
at all times, the instructions which follow should be read and observed.
1.8.1 Correct usage
The ANT-5 should only be used for the purpose and under the conditions for which it
is intended. Operation outside these conditions may be dangerous or may damage the
instrument. Refer to Section 1.1, Intended use, and Appendix A – Specifications
and ordering information for further details.
1.8.2 Connection to test circuits carrying dangerous voltages
WARNING: Dangerous voltages may be present on telecom circuits. Do not use
in lightning storms.
Telephone lines can have potentially dangerous voltages. Care should be taken when
connecting measuring leads to the line and to the ANT-5, and the instrument should