Agilent Technologies 1159A User manual

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SM
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Instra

sA
User’s Guide
Publication number 01159-92001
August 2002
For Safety, Regulatory, and publis ing information, see t e pages at t e back of t is book.
©Copyrig t Agilent Tec nologies 2002
All Rig ts Reserved.
1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
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Contents
Inspect t e Probe 3
1159A Active Differential Probes Introduction 4
Probe Accessories Supplied 5
Attac ing External Attenuators to t e Probe 7
Specifications and C aracteristics 8
To Connect t e Probe to t e Circuit under Test 12
Recommended Probe Configurations 14
Safety Considerations 17
Service Strategy 18
Calibration Testing Procedures 19
Adjustment of 10:1 and 20:1 Attenuators 32
Calibration Test Record 36
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Inspect the Probe
Inspect the Probe
❏Inspect the shippin container for dama e.
Keep a damaged s ipping container or cus ioning material until t e contents of
t e s ipment ave been c ecked for completeness and t e probe as been
c ecked mec anically and electrically.
❏Check the accessories.
Any accessories t at were supplied wit t e probe are listed in “Probe
Accessories Supplied” on page 5.
• If t e contents are incomplete or damaged notify your Agilent Sales Office.
❏Inspect the instrument.
• If t ere is mec anical damage or defect, or if t e probe does not operate
properly or pass calibration, notify your Agilent Sales Office.
• If t e s ipping container is damaged, or t e cus ioning materials s ow signs
of stress, notify t e carrier as well as your Agilent Sales Office. Keep t e
s ipping materials for t e carrier’s inspection. T e Agilent office will arrange
for repair or replacement at Agilent’s option wit out waiting for claim
settlement.
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
1159A Active Differential Probes Introduction
1159A Active Differential Probes Introduction
T e 1159A is a wide-band differential active probe. T e probe features low noise,
low input capacitance, ig common mode rejection, and Field Effect Transistor
(FET) buffered inputs in t e probe ead. User-selectable offset gives t e probe
flexibility to measure a large range of signal types. Plug-on attenuators and AC
coupling accessories furt er extend t e application range. Included interconnect
accessories allow connection to surface mount and t roug - ole components
wit minimal signal degradation. T e input receptacles in t e probe ead are
compatible wit standard 0.025" (0.635 mm) square pins, w ic provide a
convenient low-cost met od of creating device c aracterization test fixtures.
T e 1159A is ideal for acquiring ig speed differential signals suc as t ose
found in disk drive read c annels, differential LAN, video, and so on. T e ig
impedance c aracteristics of bot inputs allow you to use t e probe as a FET
probe to make single-ended measurements in digital systems wit out
introducing a ground loop as a conventional FET probe would.
Differential Amplifiers and CMRR
T e 1159A Differential Probe is a ig input impedance amplifier. A
c aracteristic of differential amplifiers is t e ability to reject signals t at are
common to t e two inputs. T e common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is t e
measurement of t is ability. It is expressed as t e ratio between t e amplitudes
of t e common mode and differential signals t at produce equal outputs. If t e
differential gain is known, t ese measurements can be referred to t e probe
input. CMRR is usually expressed in dB:
T e ability to reject common mode signals depends on t e balance designed into
t e probe amplifier. As t e frequency of t e common mode signal increases, it
becomes arder to balance t e amplifier parasitic parameters. T is leads to
degradation of t e CMRR.
T e CMRR of t e 1159A Differential probe is specified from t e probe tip. T is
met od of specifying t e probe CMMR eliminates t e effects of source
impedance, provided t e connections from t e probe tip to t e signal source are
symmetrical.
CMRR in dB 20 V common mode input Gain×
V common mode output
-------------------------------------------------------------------------


log=
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Probe Accessories Supplied
Probe Accessories Supplied
T e following diagram and table s ow t e accessories supplied wit t e 1159A
Differential Probe.
Probe Accessories
5
4
6
7
8
2
9
10
13
Item Description Qty. Part Number
1 AC coupler 1 01154-82101
2 10:1 Attenuator 1 01159-82104
3 20:1 Attenuator 1 01159-82105
4 Header 1 N/A
5OffsetPin 4 N/A
6 0.5 Grabber 2 N/A
7 0.8 Grabber 3 N/A
8 Ground Wire 1 N/A
9 SMT Lead 4 N/A
10 Wire Lead 1 N/A
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Probe Accessories Supplied
To Order Replaceable Parts
To order a replaceable part, in t e United States and Canada call our toll-free
otline at 1-877-447-7278, or call your local Agilent Tec nologies Sales Office.
Replaceable Parts
Using the Accessories
T e 1159A Differential Probe and accessories provide a variety of ways to
connect to circuitry under test. Any met od used to connect t e probe signal
inputs to t e circuit under test degrades t e performance of t e probing solution.
Take t e following precautions to optimize common mode rejection.
• Maintain tip connection lead len th as short as possible and the same
len th.
• Follow the same path for wires used to connect the inputs of the probe
to the circuit under test.
• Probes do not have infinite input impedance and do load the circuit
under test. If the impedance of the test points is not identical, unequal
loadin will occur. This de rades common mode rejection.
• The round lead len th is not usually critical with a differential probe.
• Carefully consider the round potential relative to the oscilloscope
round potential. The potential difference must be within the common
mode ran e of the probe.
• The DC potential between the AC couplin adapter and the oscilloscope
ground must not exceed 42 Vpk.
• Do not cascade the external attenuators.
• Cascade the external AC couplin adapter in the followin order: probe,
attenuator, and AC coupling adapter.
Item Description Qty. Part Number
1 AC coupler 1 01154-82101
2 10:1 Attenuator
(includes an adjustment tool) 1 01159-82104
3 20:1 Attenuator
(includes an adjustment tool) 1 01159-82105
Connection Kit 1 01154-60004
4 Header 1 N/A
5OffsetPin 4N/A
6 0.5 Grabber 2 N/A
7 0.8 Grabber 3 N/A
8 Ground Wire 1 N/A
9 SMT Lead 4 N/A
10 Wire Lead 1 N/A
Trimmer Tool
(0.635 mm square head) 1 5063-2196
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Attaching External Attenuators to the Probe
Other Probe Accessories
T e Agilent Wedge was designed to interface directly wit t e differential probe.
T ese devices simplify connections to surface mount integrated circuits and ave
output pins compatible wit t e probe tip and attenuator sockets.
Attachin External Attenuators to the Probe
T e external attenuators plug directly on to t e probe tip. T ey are calibrated
at t e factory to provide t e optimum common mode rejection and s ould not
be swapped between probes.
The 1159A probe’s best performance is achieved when the probe attenuation is set
to /10 in the Infiniium’s Probes Setup dialog box.
1159A Attenuator
Div-By-10 1 GHz
Div-By-20 1 GHz
1159A AC Coupler
Always Install Last
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Specifications and Characteristics
Specifications and Characteristics
Specifications
Range
Input Configuration Ground Connector
True Differential (+ and inputs), with shield
Input Coupling DC AC coupling obtained by installing an AC coupling
adapter
Gain Accuracy at 1 kHz 2%
Maximum Input Voltage
Either input from ground
< ±42 V
CMRR at 70 Hz: 80dB
at 1 MHz: 40dB
at 100 MHz: 25dB
at 500 MHz: 19dB
at 1 GHz: 13dB
Ð
!
Mode No attenuator ÷10 attenuator ÷20 attenuator
Differential < ±400 mV < ±4 V < ± 8V
Common < ±16 V < ±42 V < ±42 V
Offset (Common) < ±1.6 V < ±16 V < ±32 V
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Specifications and Characteristics
T e following c aracteristics are valid for t e 1159A probe after t e probe as
reac ed operating temperature, w ic is 20 minutes wit power applied in a
environment wit stable ambient temperature. T e probe must be operating
wit in t e environmental conditions listed in t e “Environmental Specifications”
section on page 11, and must ave been calibrated wit in t e past 12 mont s in
a ambient temperature of 23 5 C.
Characteristics
Probe Bandwidth (-3 dB) DC to 1 GHz
Offset Range 1.6 V
Rise Time (Probe only)
1:1 Attenuation
Internal switched attenuation only
<350 ps
Input Resistance
(each side to ground)
1 M
Input Capacitance (between inputs)
1:1 Attenuation
No external attenuators
<0.85 pF
Input Capacitance (each side to ground)
1:1 Attenuation
No external attenuators
<1.5 pF
±°
±
Ω
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Specifications and Characteristics
Typical CMRR versus Frequency (Hz)
Typical Noise
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Specifications and Characteristics
Environmental Specifications
Dimensions
Operating Non-operating
Temperature 0 to 50 C -40 to 75 C
Humidity Up to 80% RH at 40 C Up to 80% RH at 75 C
Altitude Up to 4,600 meters
(15,000 feet) Up to 15,000 meters (50,000 feet)
Vibration Random vibration 5 to
500 Hz, 10 minutes per axis,
0.3 grms
Random vibration 5 to
500 Hz, 10 minutes per axis, 2.41
grms.Resonantsearch5to500Hz
swept sine, 1 octave/min. sweep
rate, (0.75 g), 5 minutes resonant
dwell at 4 resonance’s per axis.
Weight Approximately 226 g
Dimensions Refer to the drawing shown below
°°
°°
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
To Connect the Probe to the Circuit under Test
To Connect the Probe to the Circuit under Test
T e met od you use to connect t e probe to t e circuit under test is critical for
ensuring accurate measurements. T e following examples examine t e effect of
using different lengt s of wire at 100MHz to connect t e signal source to t e
probe tip.
The Impedance of the Source
T is is anot er instance w ere t e symmetry of t e differential circuit is
important. T e impedance of t e source forms a network wit t e input
impedance of t e connection and t e probe. T is network determines t e
frequency response for t e measurement. If eac side of t e differential source
as a different impedance, t e frequency response of eac side will be different.
T is lack of balance is reflected in reduced CMRR. T e ig er t e impedance
of t e source, t e more critical t ese parasitic effects.
The Ground Connection
A poorly located ground connection allows ground loops to add to t e common
mode signal. T e differential probe measures t e potential difference between
two locations on a PC board. Usually, it is not necessary to ground t e probe.
W et er to ground t e probe depends on t e magnitude and frequency of t e
voltage difference between t e oscilloscope ground and t e board ground. It is
good practice to maintain a board ground. Wit out t is ground reference, you
could easily exceed t e common mode range of t e probe.
Probe Offset
T e amplifiers in t e 1159A probe limit t e Differential Mode Range to 400mV.
If t e input to t e probe is approac ing 400mV, t ere is little offset range available
for positioning t e trace on screen. T ere are two solutions to t is problem:
• Attenuate the si nal into the probe with the 1/10 or 1/20 attenuator. This
mode of operation will induce some small loss in CMRR.
•Use Position to position the trace on screen.
T e added feature of position control independent of Offset allows trace
positioning wit out calculating ow muc probe offset range is available. T e
trace can be positioned by dragging t e trace or positioning t e trace under t e
Probe menu.
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
To Connect the Probe to the Circuit under Test
Both inputs derived
from a common signal
at probe tip.
CMRR = 35.6dB
Both inputs derived
from a common signal
via 5cm coupling lead.
CMRR = 35dB
Probe coupling leads
of different length.
Positive input 5.3cm.
Negative input 7.5cm.
CMRR = 33dB
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Recommended Probe Configurations
Recommended Probe Confi urations
For best performance, use t e following configurations. T ey are presented in
t e recommended order from t e most desirable to t e least.
Note The use of the round connection is optional for all confi urations.
Direct Connection
AC Adapter Attenuator
Use t e attenuator s ipped wit t e probe and marked wit t e same serial
number for accurate measurements. Do not use t e attenuators wit ot er
probes.
1159A Probe Tip
Test Point Layout
See the “Test Point
Layout” section for
more information
1159A Attenuator
Div-By-10 1 GHz
Div-By-20 1 GHz
1159A AC Coupler
Always Install Last
Test Point Layout
See the “Test Point
Layout” section for
more information
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Recommended Probe Configurations
Offset Pins
You may use offset pins wit any of t e tip adapters.
SMT Lead
You may use SMT leads wit any of t e tip adapters.
Offset Pins Rotate to
Adjust Spacing
SMT Leads
Ground
Maintain
Equal Length
Ground
Lead Opt
Solder Leads
to Test Points
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Recommended Probe Configurations
Wire Leads
You may use wire leads wit any of t e tip adapters.
Grabbers
Using grabbers and wire leads results in significant lead lengt . Expect
measurement quality degradation wit fast signals.
Connect Leads
to Test Points
Ground Opt
0.5 mm or 0.8 mm Grabbers
Ground
Opt
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Safety Considerations
Test Point Layout
Safety Considerations
Read t e Safety summary in t e warranty pages at t e back of t is guide before
servicing t e instrument. Before performing any procedure, review t e safety
information for cautions and warnings.
WARNING Only trained service personnel aware of the hazards involved (for example, fire
and electric shock) should perform maintenance on the instrument. When
maintenance can be performed without power applied, the power cord must be
removed from the instrument.
!
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Service Strategy
Service Strate y
For repair and calibration, return t e 1154A probe to an Agilent Service Center.
If t e probe is under warranty, normal warranty service apply. If t e probe is not
under warranty, repair costs will be applied.
To Return the Probe to Agilent for Service
Call [phone] for furt er details and t e location of your nearest Agilent
Service Office.
1Write the followin information on a ta and attach it to the probe.
• Name and address of owner.
• Probe model number.
• Probe serial number.
• Description of the service required or failure indications.
2Return the followin accessories with the probe:
• Attenuators
• AC couplin adapter
Retain all ot er accessories.
3Return the probe in its case or pack the probe in foam or other shock
absorbin material and place it in a stron shippin container.
You can use t e original s ipping materials or order materials from an Agilent
Sales Office. If neit er are available, place 3 to 4 inc es of s ock-absorbing
material around t e instrument and place it in a box t at does not allow
movement during s ipping.
4Seal the shippin container securely.
5Mark the shippin container as FRAGILE.
In all correspondence, refer to t e instrument by model number and full serial
number.
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1159A 1GHz Active Differential Probe
Calibration Testing Procedures
Calibration Testin Procedures
T ese procedures are used to test t e warranted specifications for t e 1159A
Differential probe. T e recommended calibration test interval for t e 1159A is
once a year. Use t e equipment listed in t e Test Equipment Required section
to complete t e Testing Procedures.
1Perform the steps listed in the “Preliminary Procedure” section on
pa e 19.
2Perform the steps listed in the “Gain Accuracy Testin Procedure”
section on pa e 25.
3Perform the steps listed in the “Test Offset” section on pa e 26.
4Perform the steps listed in the “Test Differential Mode Ran e” section
on pa e 26.
5Perform the steps listed in the “CMRR Test Introduction” section on
pa e 27.
Test Equipment Required
Preliminary Procedure
1Turn on the oscilloscope, the 1159A, and the other test equipment.
Allow 30 minutes for all test equipment to warm up.
Description Minimum Requirements Part Number
Infinium Oscilloscope 1.5 GHz 54845A
Digital AC/DC Voltmeter DC: 0.1% accuracy
AC: 0.2% accuracy
200 mV @ 1 kHz
5 1/2 digit resolution
34401A
Function Generator Sine Wave and Square Wave output
waveforms
20 Vpp into 1 M
70 Hz to 10 MHz
33120A
Sine Wave Generator 50 MHz to 1 GHz
BNC T E9625A
Probe Tip BNC Adapter 5063-2143
Calibration Fixture 01154-63801
High Frequency 10:1 Resistor
Divider Probe 500 1163A
10:1 Resistor Divider Probe
(provided with the 54845A) 10 M 1161A
Trimmer Tools
(included when attenuators are
purchased separately)
Flat blade 0.04” (1 mm) wide
Square Head 0.025” (0.635 mm) 5063-2196
Ω
Ω
Ω
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