Agilent Technologies HP 16500B User manual

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16500B/16501A Logic Analysis System Programmer's Guide
16500-97009
April 1994

Programmer’s Guide
Publication number 16500-97009
Second edition, April 1994
For Safety information, Warranties, and Regulatory
information, see the pages behind the index
Copyright Hewlett-Packard Company 1987, 1990, 1993, 1994
All Rights Reserved
HP 16500B/16501A
Logic Analysis System
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In This Book
This programmer’s guide contains general
information, mainframe level commands,
and programming examples for
programming the HP 16500B/16501A
Logic Analysis System. This guide
focuses on how to program the system
over the HP-IB and the RS-232C
interfaces. However, if you have the
optional HP 16500L LAN Interface
Module, you will need to use the
HP 16500L LAN Interface Module
User’s Guide along with this guide to
program the system over the LAN.
Along with the programmer’s guides for
the individual modules, this guide
provides a complete set of programming
information for your system.
Organization
When you received your HP 16500B you
received two binders, Volume 1 and
Volume 2. The Volume 2 binder gives
you a place to insert the module
programmer’s guides when the Volume 1
binder is full.
As you purchase additional measurement
modules, insert their programmer’s
guides in the back of this binder or in the
second binder.
What is in the HP 16500B/16500A
Programmer’s Guide?
The HP 16500B/16501A Programmer’s
Guide is organized in three parts.
Introduction to Programming
1
Programming Over HP-IB
2
Programming Over RS-232C
3
Programming and
Documentation Conventions
4
Message Communication
and System Functions
5
Status Reporting
6
Error Messages
7
Common Commands
8
Mainframe Commands
9
SYSTem Subsystem
10
MMEMory Subsystem
11
INTermodule Subsystem
12
Programming Examples
13
Index
iii
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Part 1 Part 1 consists of chapters 1 through 7 and contains general
information about programming basics, HP-IB and RS-232C interface
requirements, documentation conventions, status reporting, and error
messages. If you are already familiar with IEEE 488.2 programming and
HP-IB or RS-232C, you may want to just scan these chapters. If you are
new to programming logic analyzers you should read part 1.
Chapter 1 is divided into two sections. The first section, "Talking to the
Instrument," concentrates on program syntax, and the second section,
"Receiving Information from the Instrument," discusses how to send queries
and how to retrieve query results from the instrument.
Read either chapter 2, "Programming Over HP-IB," or chapter 3,
"Programming Over RS-232C" for information concerning the physical
connection between the HP 16500B/16501A Logic Analysis System and your
controller.
Chapter 4, "Programming and Documentation Conventions," gives an
overview of all instructions and also explains the notation conventions used
in the syntax definitions and examples.
Chapter 5, "Message Communication and System Functions," provides an
overview of the operation of instruments that operate in compliance with the
IEEE 488.2 standard.
Chapter 6 explains status reporting and how it can be used to monitor the
flow of your programs and measurement process.
Chapter 7 contains error message descriptions.
Part 2 Part 2, chapters 8 through 12, explain each command in the
command set for the mainframe. These chapters are organized in
subsystems with each subsystem representing a front-panel menu.
The commands explained in this part give you access to common commands,
mainframe commands, system level commands, disk commands, and
intermodule measurement commands. This part is designed to provide a
concise description of each command.
Part 3 Part 3, chapter 13, contains program examples of actual tasks
that show you how to get started in programming the HP 16500B/
16501A Logic Analysis System at the mainframe level. The complexity of
your programs and the tasks they accomplish are limited only by your
imagination. These examples are written in HP BASIC 6.2; however, the
program concepts can be used in any other popular programming
language that allows communications over HP-IB, RS-232C, or the
optional HP 16500L LAN Interface Module.
iv
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Contents
Part 1 General Information
1 Introduction to Programming
Introduction 1–2
Talking to the Logic Analysis System 1–3
Talking to Individual System Modules 1–4
Initialization 1–4
Instruction Syntax 1–6
Output Command 1–6
Device Address 1–7
Instructions 1–7
Instruction Terminator 1–8
Header Types 1–9
Duplicate Keywords 1–10
Query Usage 1–11
Program Header Options 1–12
Parameter Data Types 1–13
Selecting Multiple Subsystems 1–15
Receiving Information from the Logic Analysis System 1–16
Response Header Options 1–17
Response Data Formats 1–18
String Variables 1–19
Numeric Base 1–20
Numeric Variables 1–20
Definite-Length Block Response Data 1–21
Multiple Queries 1–22
System Status 1–23
Contents–1
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2 Programming Over HP-IB
Interface Capabilities 2–3
Command and Data Concepts 2–3
Talk/Listen Addressing 2–3
HP-IB Bus Addressing 2–4
Local, Remote, and Local Lockout 2–5
Bus Commands 2–6
3 Programming Over RS-232C
Interface Operation 3–3
RS-232C Cables 3–3
Minimum Three-Wire Interface with Software Protocol 3–4
Extended Interface with Hardware Handshake 3–5
Cable Examples 3–6
Configuring the Logic Analysis System Interface 3–9
Interface Capabilities 3–10
RS-232C Bus Addressing 3–11
Lockout Command 3–12
4 Programming and Documentation Conventions
Truncation Rule 4–3
Infinity Representation 4–4
Sequential and Overlapped Commands 4–4
Response Generation 4–4
Syntax Diagrams 4–5
Notation Conventions and Definitions 4–5
The Command Tree 4–6
Tree Traversal Rules 4–8
Command Set Organization 4–9
Subsystems 4–10
Program Examples 4–12
Contents
Contents–2
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5 Message Communication and System Functions
Protocols 5–3
Syntax Diagrams 5–5
Syntax Overview 5–7
6 Status Reporting
Event Status Register 6–4
Service Request Enable Register 6–4
Bit Definitions 6–4
Key Features 6–6
Serial Poll 6–8
Parallel Poll 6–9
Polling HP-IB Devices 6–11
Configuring Parallel Poll Responses 6–11
Conducting a Parallel Poll 6–12
Disabling Parallel Poll Responses 6–13
HP-IB Commands 6–13
7 Error Messages
Device Dependent Errors 7–3
Command Errors 7–3
Execution Errors 7–4
Internal Errors 7–4
Query Errors 7–5
Part 2 Commands
8 Common Commands
*CLS (Clear Status) 8–5
*ESE (Event Status Enable) 8–6
*ESR (Event Status Register) 8–7
*IDN (Identification Number) 8–9
*IST (Individual Status) 8–9
*OPC (Operation Complete) 8–11
*OPT (Option Identification) 8–12
Contents
Contents–3
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*PRE (Parallel Poll Enable Register Enable) 8–13
*RST (Reset) 8–14
*SRE (Service Request Enable) 8–15
*STB (Status Byte) 8–16
*TRG (Trigger) 8–17
*TST (Test) 8–18
*WAI (Wait) 8–19
9 Mainframe Commands
BEEPer 9–6
CAPability 9–7
CARDcage 9–8
CESE (Combined Event Status Enable) 9–10
CESR (Combined Event Status Register) 9–11
EOI (End Or Identify) 9–13
LER (LCL Event Register) 9–13
LOCKout 9–14
MENU 9–15
MESE<N> (Module Event Status Enable) 9–16
MESR<N> (Module Event Status Register) 9–18
RMODe 9–19
RTC (Real-time Clock) 9–20
SELect 9–21
SETColor 9–23
STARt 9–24
STOP 9–25
XWINdow 9–26
10 SYSTem Subsystem
DATA 10–5
DSP (Display) 10–6
ERRor 10–7
HEADer 10–8
LONGform 10–9
PRINt 10–10
SETup 10–12
Contents
Contents–4
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11 MMEMory Subsystem
AUToload 11–8
CATalog 11–9
CD (Change Directory) 11–10
COPY 11–11
DOWNload 11–12
INITialize 11–14
LOAD [:CONFig] 11–15
LOAD :IASSembler 11–16
MKDir (Make Directory) 11–17
MSI (Mass Storage Is) 11–18
PACK 11–19
PURGe 11–20
PWD (Present Working Directory) 11–21
REName 11–22
STORe [:CONFig] 11–23
UPLoad 11–24
VOLume 11–26
12 INTermodule Subsystem
:INTermodule 12–4
DELete 12–5
HTIMe 12–6
INPort 12–7
INSert 12–8
PORTEDGE 12–9
PORTLEV 12–10
SKEW<N> 12–11
TREE 12–12
TTIMe 12–13
Contents
Contents–5
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Part 3 Programming Examples
13 Programming Examples
Transferring the Mainframe Configuration 13–3
Checking for Intermodule Measurement Completion 13–6
Sending Queries to the Logic Analysis System 13–7
Getting ASCII Data with PRINt? ALL Query 13–9
Reading the disk with the CATalog? ALL query 13–10
Reading the Disk with the CATalog? Query 13–11
Printing to the disk 13–12
Index
Contents
Contents–6
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Part 1
1Introduction to Programming 1-1
2Programming Over HP-IB 2-1
3Programming Over RS232C 3-1
4Programming and Documentation Conventions 4-1
5Message Communication and System Functions 5-1
6Status Reporting 6-1
7Error Messages 7-1
General Information
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1
Introduction to Programming
1–1
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Introduction
This chapter introduces you to the basics of remote programming and
is organized in two sections. The first section, "Talking to the Logic
Analysis System," concentrates on initializing the bus, program
syntax and the elements of a syntax instuction. The second section,
"Receiving Information from the Logic Analysis System," discusses
how queries are sent and how to retrieve query results from the
system.
The programming instructions explained in this book conform to
IEEE Std 488.2-1987, "IEEE Standard Codes, Formats, Protocols, and
Common Commands." These programming instructions provide a
means of remotely controlling the HP 16500B Logic Analysis System.
There are three general categories of use. You can:
•Set up the system and start measurements
•Retrieve setup information and measurement results from the
measurement modules
•Send measurement data to the measurement modules
The instructions listed in this manual give you access to the functions
of the mainframe. This programming reference is designed to provide
a concise description of each instruction for the mainframe.
Individual module instruction descriptions are in the Programmer’s
Guide for each respective module.
See Also Refer to the HP 16500L LAN Interface Module User’s Guide if you have the
optional HP 16500L LAN Interface Module.
1–2
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Talking to the Logic Analysis System
In general, computers acting as controllers communicate with the instrument
by sending and receiving messages over a remote interface, such as HP-IB,
RS-232C, or the optional Ethernet LAN interface module.
This guide focuses on the HP-IB and RS-232C interfaces, however, if you plan
to communicate over the LAN with the optional HP 16500L LAN Interface
Module, you will need to refer to the HP 16500L LAN Interface Module
User’s Guide to understand how to send the commands in this guide.
When programming the HP 16500B with the HP 16501A Expansion Frame
connected, most of the remote operation of the expansion frame is
transparent. The only time a progamming command is affected by the
presence of the expansion frame is when the number of slots is specified or
returned from a query.
Instructions for programming the system will normally appear as ASCII
character strings embedded inside the output statements of a "host" language
available on your controller. The host language’s input statements are used
to read in responses from the system. For example, HP 9000 Series 300
BASIC uses the OUTPUT statement for sending commands and queries to
the system. After a query is sent, the response can be read in using the
ENTER statement. All programming examples in this manual are presented
in HP BASIC.
Example This BASIC statement sends a command that causes the logic analyzer’s
machine 1 to be a state analyzer:
OUTPUT XXX;":MACHINE1:TYPE STATE" <terminator>
Each part of the above statement is explained in this section.
Introduction to Programming
1–3
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Talking to Individual System Modules
Talking to individual system modules within the HP 16500B Logic Analysis
System is done by preceding the module commands with the SELECT
command and the number of the slot in which the desired module is installed.
The mainframe is selected in the same way as an installed module by using
the SELECT 0 command
Example
To select the module in slot 3 use the following:
OUTPUT XXX;":SELECT 3"
See Also Chapter 6, "Mainframe Commands" for more information on the SELECT
command.
Initialization
To make sure the bus and all appropriate interfaces are in a known state,
begin every program with an initialization statement. BASIC provides a
CLEAR command that clears the interface buffer. If you are using HP-IB,
CLEAR will also reset the parser in the logic analysis system. The parser is
the program resident in the logic analysis system that reads the instructions
you send to it from the controller.
After clearing the interface, you could, for example, preset the logic analyzer
module to a known state by loading a predefined configuration file from the
disk.
Refer to your controller manual and programming language reference manual
for information on initializing the interface.
Introduction to Programming
Talking to Individual System Modules
1–4
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Example This BASIC statement would load the configuration file "DEFAULT " (if it
exists) into the system.
OUTPUT XXX;":MMEMORY:LOAD:CONFIG ’DEFAULT ’"
Example Program This program demonstrates a simple HP BASIC command structure used to
program the logic analysis system.
10 CLEAR XXX !Initialize instrument interface
20 OUTPUT XXX;":SYSTEM:HEADER ON"!Turn headers on
30 OUTPUT XXX;":SYSTEM:LONGFORM ON" !Turn longform on
40 DIM Card$[100] !Reserve memory for string variable
50 OUTPUT XXX;":CARDCAGE?" !Verify which modules are loaded
60 ENTER XXX;Card$ !Enter result in a string variable
70 PRINT Card$ !Print result of query
80 OUTPUT XXX;":MMEM:LOAD:CONFIG ’TEST E’,5" !Load configuration file
!into module in slot E
90 OUTPUT XXX;":SELECT 5" !Select module in slot E
100 OUTPUT XXX;":MENU 5,3: !Select menu for module in slot E
60 OUTPUT XXX;":RMODE SINGLE" !Select run mode
70 OUTPUT XXX;":START" !Run the measurement
See Also Chapter 11, "MMEMory Subsystem" for more information on the LOAD
command.
Introduction to Programming
Initialization
1–5
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Instruction Syntax
To program the system remotely, you must have an understanding of the
command format and structure. The IEEE 488.2 standard governs syntax
rules pertaining to how individual elements, such as headers, separators,
parameters and terminators, may be grouped together to form complete
instructions. Syntax definitions are also given to show how query responses
will be formatted. Figure 1-1 shows the three main syntactical parts of a
typical program statement: Output Command, Device Address, and
Instruction. The instruction is further broken down into three parts:
Instruction header, White space, and Instruction parameters.
Figure 1-1
Program Message Syntax
Output Command
The output command depends on the language you choose to use.
Throughout this guide, HP 9000 Series 300 BASIC 6.2 is used in the
programming examples. If you use another language, you will need to find
the equivalents of BASIC Commands, like OUTPUT, ENTER and CLEAR in
order to convert the examples. The instructions are always shown between
the double quotes.
Introduction to Programming
Instruction Syntax
1–6
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Device Address
The location where the device address must be specified also depends on the
host language that you are using. In some languages, this could be specified
outside the output command. In BASIC, this is always specified after the
keyword OUTPUT. The examples in this manual use a generic address of
XXX. When writing programs, the number you use will depend on the cable
you use, in addition to the actual address. If you are using an HP-IB, see
chapter 2, "Programming over HP-IB." If you are using RS-232C, see
chapter 3, "Programming Over RS-232C." If you are using the HP 16500L
LAN option, see chapter 3 in the HP 16500L User’s Reference.
Instructions
Instructions (both commands and queries) normally appear as a string
embedded in a statement of your host language, such as BASIC, Pascal or C.
The only time a parameter is not meant to be expressed as a string is when
the instruction’s syntax definition specifies <block_data>. There are just a
few instructions which use block data.
Instructions are composed of two main parts: the header, which specifies the
command or query to be sent; and the parameters, which provide additional
data needed to clarify the meaning of the instruction. Many queries do not
use any parameters.
Instruction Header
The instruction header is one or more keywords separated by colons (:). The
command tree for the mainframe in figure 4-1 illustrates how all the
keywords can be joined together to form a complete header (see chapter 4,
"Programming and Documentation Conventions").
The example in figure 1-1 shows a command. Queries are indicated by
adding a question mark (?) to the end of the header. Many instructions can
be used as either commands or queries, depending on whether or not you
have included the question mark. The command and query forms of an
instruction usually have different parameters.
Introduction to Programming
Device Address
1–7
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