AimTTi PSA3605 User manual

PSA6005 & PSA3605
6GHz & 3GHz Spectrum Analyzers

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CONTENTS
1Product Introduction.....................................................................................................6
1.1 Items Supplied..........................................................................................................6
1.2 Using this Manual - Cross References.....................................................................6
1.3 Product Description and Capabilities........................................................................6
1.4 Initial Use - Charging the Battery | Switching On......................................................7
1.4.1 Setting the Date and Time......................................................................................7
2Basics of Operation......................................................................................................8
2.1 External Connections ...............................................................................................8
2.1.1DC Power Input ......................................................................................................8
2.1.2 RF Signal Input.......................................................................................................8
2.1.3 Demodulated Audio Output.....................................................................................8
2.1.4 USB Host Connector (for USB Flash Memory) .......................................................9
2.1.5 USB Device Connector (for connection to a PC).....................................................9
2.1.6 Trigger Input/Output................................................................................................9
2.2 Bench-top and Portable Use.....................................................................................9
2.2.1 Tilt Stand.................................................................................................................9
2.2.2 Screen Protector and Sun Shield............................................................................9
2.3 Batteries and AC Line Power..................................................................................10
2.3.1 Battery Operation..................................................................................................10
2.3.2 AC Line Operation ................................................................................................10
2.3.3 Power Saving for Battery Operation......................................................................10
2.4 Display and Controls Layout...................................................................................11
2.5 Touch Screen Operation ........................................................................................12
2.5.1 Finger Tip Operation.............................................................................................12
2.5.2 Stylus Operation ...................................................................................................12
2.5.3 Operation using only the Hard Keys .....................................................................12
2.5.4 Navigator Keys - Mode Selection..........................................................................12
2.6 Instrument Status Information.................................................................................12
2.7 On-screen Help ......................................................................................................12
3Quick Start Guide........................................................................................................13
4Operation using the Menu System............................................................................14
4.1 Setting the Frequency Range of the Sweep...........................................................14
4.1.1 Centre...................................................................................................................15
4.1.2 Span .....................................................................................................................15
4.1.3 Start/Stop..............................................................................................................16
4.1.4 Step Size ..............................................................................................................16
4.1.5 Frequency Presets................................................................................................17
4.1.6 Sweep Time..........................................................................................................17
4.2 Zero Span Mode (Demodulation Mode) .................................................................17
4.2.1 Audio Demodulation Sub Menu ............................................................................17
4.2.2 Waveform Demodulation Sub Menu (when fitted).................................................18
4.3 Setting the Sweep Mode, Bandwidth (RBW / VBW) & Detector.............................19
4.3.1 RBW / VBW ..........................................................................................................19
4.3.2 Sweep Time (and the Sweep Progress Indicator Line) .........................................19
4.3.3 Sweep Control......................................................................................................20
4.3.4 Scan Mode (when fitted).......................................................................................20
4.3.4.1 Manually Controlling the Sweep.....................................................................20
4.3.4.2 Triggered Sweep (when fitted).......................................................................21
4.3.5 Sweep Mode.........................................................................................................21

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4.3.6 Detector Type.......................................................................................................21
4.4 Setting the Level Attenuator, Amplitude Scale, and Limits.....................................22
4.4.1 Measurement Units and Graticule.........................................................................22
4.4.2 Reference Level....................................................................................................22
4.4.3 Vertical Scaling.....................................................................................................23
4.4.4 Amplitude Offset and Compensation Tables (when fitted) ....................................23
4.4.5 Amplitude Limits (when fitted)...............................................................................24
4.4.5.1 Channel Marker Files.....................................................................................24
4.4.6 Overload Indication...............................................................................................24
4.5 Controlling and Storing Traces and Images ...........................................................25
4.5.1 Displaying Traces; Controlling the View Trace......................................................25
4.5.1.1 Understanding the Live, View and Reference Traces ....................................25
4.5.2 Sweep Progress Indicator Line.............................................................................26
4.5.3 Setting the Trace Writing Mode.............................................................................26
4.5.3.1 Dual Trace Mode............................................................................................27
4.5.4 Storing and Recalling Traces and Screen Images................................................27
4.6 Using Measurement Markers..................................................................................28
4.6.1 Setting-up Markers................................................................................................28
4.6.2 Controlling Markers...............................................................................................29
4.6.2.1 Controlling Markers with the Hard Keys .........................................................29
4.6.2.2 Further Notes on the Use of Markers.............................................................29
4.7 Instrument Setups and Additional Functions..........................................................31
4.7.1 The Data Logging Function (when fitted)..............................................................31
4.7.2 Automatic Measurements (when fitted).................................................................31
4.7.3 Frequency Counter Options..................................................................................32
4.8 Storing and Recalling Set-ups | System Settings ...................................................33
4.8.1 Storing and Recalling Instrument Setups..............................................................33
4.8.2 System Settings, Screen Brightness, Filing System and USB Operations............33
4.9 Status Information | On-screen Help | System Utilities...........................................34
4.9.1 Status Display.......................................................................................................34
4.9.2 Help Screens ........................................................................................................34
4.9.3 System Utilities.....................................................................................................34
4.9.3.1 Screen Utilities...............................................................................................34
4.9.3.2 Power Options, Power-on State, Clock Setting..............................................35
4.9.3.3 Alerts..............................................................................................................35
4.9.3.4 System Updating and Calibration...................................................................35
4.10 Using Instrument Presets | Automatic Setting.....................................................36
4.10.1 The User Preset....................................................................................................36
4.10.2 Custom Presets (when fitted)................................................................................36
5File Storage for Traces, Screen Images & Set-ups ..................................................37
5.1 Storing Traces or Screens......................................................................................37
5.1.1.1 Default File Name Rules................................................................................38
5.2 Recalling Traces and Images.................................................................................38
5.2.1 Traces and States.................................................................................................38
5.3 Storing Instrument Set-up Files..............................................................................39
5.4 File Recall Screen ..................................................................................................39
5.5 File Utilities Screen.................................................................................................40
5.6 File Operations Screen...........................................................................................40
5.6.1 Editing File Names................................................................................................41
5.6.2 File Names Created or Renamed Externally.........................................................42
6Upgrade Option U02 ...................................................................................................43

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6.1 Additional Functions from Option U02....................................................................43
6.1.1 Scan Mode............................................................................................................43
6.1.2 Logging of Values, Traces or Screens..................................................................43
6.1.3 Automatic Measurements .....................................................................................43
6.1.4 Modulation Waveform Display ..............................................................................43
6.1.5 Triggering..............................................................................................................43
6.1.6 Limit Lines, Limit Patterns & Channel Markers......................................................43
6.1.7 Level Offsets.........................................................................................................43
6.1.8 Compensation Tables...........................................................................................44
6.1.9 Custom Presets....................................................................................................44
6.1.10 View on PC...........................................................................................................44
6.1.11 PSA-Manager Software........................................................................................44
7Further Notes on Operation .......................................................................................45
7.1 Signal Overload Levels and Indication ...................................................................45
7.1.1 ADC Overload.......................................................................................................45
7.2 Operation using the Hard Keys Only......................................................................45
7.3 Setting Frequencies................................................................................................45
7.3.1 Set by Keypad ......................................................................................................46
7.3.2 Set by Tab/Jog......................................................................................................46
7.3.3 Shortcuts to setting a Specific Frequency Span....................................................46
7.3.4 Repetitive Operations ...........................................................................................47
7.3.5 Using Custom Presets (when fitted)......................................................................47
7.3.6 Creating Channel Markers (when fitted)................................................................47
7.4 Measuring Relative Amplitude................................................................................48
7.5 Sweep Modes & Signal Image Rejection................................................................48
7.5.1 Default Sweep Mode – Normal (Auto)...................................................................48
7.5.2 Advanced Options.................................................................................................48
7.5.3 Revealing the Image.............................................................................................50
7.5.4 Sweep Times........................................................................................................50
7.6 Radiated and Injected Signals................................................................................51
7.6.1 Self-radiated Signals.............................................................................................51
7.6.2 External Signal Injection .......................................................................................51
7.7 Detector Types.......................................................................................................51
7.8 Triggered Operation ...............................................................................................52
7.8.1 External Trigger Input ...........................................................................................52
7.8.2 Trigger Output.......................................................................................................52
7.9 Level Offset and Compensation Tables..................................................................52
7.9.1 Dynamic Range and Maximum Signal..................................................................52
7.9.2 Creating and using Compensation Tables ............................................................52
7.10 Limit Lines & the Limits Comparator | Creating Limit Patterns............................53
7.10.1 Setting Limits........................................................................................................53
7.10.2 The Limit Comparator...........................................................................................53
7.10.3 Creating and Loading Limit Patterns.....................................................................54
7.10.4 Limit Offset............................................................................................................54
7.10.5 Limit Fix/Unfix.......................................................................................................54
7.10.6 Creating and Loading Channel Markers................................................................54
7.11 The Logging Function..........................................................................................55
7.11.1 The Logging Control Menu ...................................................................................55
7.11.2 Manual Logging ....................................................................................................56
7.11.2.1 The Run/Stop key and Sweep Control key.....................................................56
7.11.3 Logging from the Timer.........................................................................................56
7.11.4 Logging from External Trigger...............................................................................56

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7.11.5 Logging from Amplitude Limits..............................................................................56
7.11.6 Logging Every Sweep (Continuous)......................................................................56
7.11.7 File Sizes and Maximum Logging Times...............................................................56
7.11.8 Viewing and Analyzing Logging Files....................................................................57
7.12 Using Automatic Measurements..........................................................................57
7.12.1 Channel Power (CP).............................................................................................57
7.12.2 Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (ACPR)................................................................58
7.12.3 Occupied Bandwidth (OBW).................................................................................58
8Scan Mode...................................................................................................................59
8.1 Scan Mode Explanation..........................................................................................59
8.1.1 Limitation of Normal Sweep Mode........................................................................59
8.1.2 Benefits of Scan Mode..........................................................................................59
8.1.3 Displaying Scan Mode Files..................................................................................59
8.1.4 Saving, Recalling and Exporting Scan Mode Files................................................60
8.2 Scan Mode Operation.............................................................................................60
8.2.1 Setting up the Analyzer.........................................................................................60
8.2.2 Entering Scan Mode .............................................................................................60
8.2.3 Using Scan Mode..................................................................................................60
8.2.3.1 The Scan Display...........................................................................................61
8.2.3.2 Viewing a Scan and using the Marker............................................................61
8.2.3.3 Storing and Recalling a Scan.........................................................................62
8.2.3.4 Exporting Scan Files......................................................................................63
8.2.4 Scan files and PSA-Manager................................................................................63
9USB Connections | File System & Files Types.........................................................64
9.1.1 Understanding USB Connections .........................................................................64
9.1.2 Using an External Flash Drive...............................................................................64
9.1.3 Linking to a PC via USB........................................................................................65
9.2 File System and File Types....................................................................................65
9.2.1 Internal Filing System Organisation ......................................................................65
9.2.2 File Types.............................................................................................................65
9.2.3 Trace Files............................................................................................................66
9.2.4 Screen Image Files...............................................................................................66
9.2.5 Setup Files............................................................................................................66
9.2.6 Other File Types ...................................................................................................66
9.2.6.1Scan Files......................................................................................................66
9.2.6.2 Compensation Tables ....................................................................................67
9.2.6.3 Limit Pattern and Channel Marker Files.........................................................67
9.2.6.4 Logging Files..................................................................................................67
10 Default Settings | Power On State | Hard Reset....................................................68
10.1 Restoring to Factory Defaults..............................................................................68
10.2 Standard Preset..................................................................................................68
10.3 Unrecoverable Fault Condition - Hard Reset.......................................................68
10.4 Power-On State...................................................................................................69
11 Firmware Updates | Upgrades | Maintenance........................................................70
11.1 Updating the Firmware........................................................................................70
11.2 Upgrading the Firmware (Option U02) ................................................................70
11.3 Maintenance, Re-calibration & Cleaning.............................................................70
11.4 Battery Replacement...........................................................................................70
12 Safety Information ...................................................................................................71
13 Specification ............................................................................................................72

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13.1.1 Frequency Measurement......................................................................................72
13.1.2 Amplitude Measurement (Level) ...........................................................................73
13.1.3 Sweep and Traces................................................................................................74
13.1.4 Scan Mode (only with Option U02) .......................................................................74
13.1.5 Memory Storage and Data Logging ......................................................................75
13.1.6 Connectors and Display........................................................................................75
13.1.7 Power Requirements ............................................................................................76
13.1.8 Mechanical, Environmental and Safety.................................................................76
14 Appendix A: Optional Accessories.......................................................................77
15 Appendix B: PSA-Manager and PSA-View Software ...........................................77
16 Appendix C: Factory Default Settings...................................................................79
17 Appendix D: Menu Tree Diagram...........................................................................80

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1 Product Introduction
1.1 Items Supplied
Portable Spectrum Analyzer (PSA3605 or PSA6005) with removable stylus and detachable
bench-stand/screen-protector.
Spare stylus duplicates the stylus fitted into the instrument.
USB lead Mini B plug to standard A plug.
Trigger input converter plug 3.5mm jack to BNC socket.
AC line power-supply/charger Universal voltage with interchangeable country specific plugs.
Short Guide (English, French, German, Italian and Spanish).
Full instruction manual (English only).
Support CD Containing hyper-linked PDF versions of the printed manuals, plus support files.
1.2 Using this Manual - Cross References
This manual covers both the PSA6005 and PSA3605 spectrum analyzers. Within the text they
may be referred to jointly as PSAxx05 or PSA Series 5. The manual is also provided as a PDF
file on the accompanying CD. The manual includes many cross references which are shown as
follows - see section X.X. The Table of Contents is also fully hyperlinked.
Within a PDF file, the shaded number is a hyperlink to that section number which enables the
user to jump rapidly to the section referred to and then jump back to continue reading the
original section. (N.B. for hyperlink navigation within Acrobat Reader, enable “show all page
navigation tools” or use the keyboard shortcuts Alt+Right_Arrow and Alt+Left_Arrow).
1.3 Product Description and Capabilities
The PSA6005 and PSA3605 are fully portable RF spectrum analyzers that incorporate a high
resolution colour TFT touch screen. They are sufficiently small and lightweight to be operated
as true handheld instruments and have a battery life of more than 3 hours from each charge.
As bench instruments they can be powered by the supplied ac-line adaptor/charger. They can
be set horizontally or vertically, or at an angle of about 40 degrees using the built-in tilt stand.
For field use, the stand can be moved to the top of the instrument to form a screen protector
and sun shield.
The frequency range is 10MHz to 6000MHz (PSA6005) or 10MHz to 3600MHz (PSA3605). The
span can be set between 0.0270 MHz and 5990.000 MHz or 3590.000 MHz respectively with a
setting resolution of 100Hz. Start, stop or centre frequencies can be set to the same resolution.
The resolution bandwidth (RBW) is selectable between 300Hz and 10MHz in a 1:3:10
sequence or can be set to Auto. Video bandwidth (VBW) is similarly settable between 300Hz
and 10MHz or RBW tracking.
The on-screen amplitude range is approximately 84 dB with a reference level variable between
-40dBm and +20dBm. Amplitudes can alternatively be displayed in dBµV. Vertical
magnification down to 1dB/div can be selected. Average noise floor is typically better than
-120dBm at -40dBm reference level and 10 kHz RBW/VBW.
Sweeps can be repeating or single shot, and the trace can be normal (over-write), peak hold or
average (2 to 48 sweeps). A zero span mode is available with AM or FM waveform
demodulation with variable timebase. Audio demodulation is provided via a built-in speaker.
Multiple detector modes include Positive Peak (default), Negative Peak, Alternate Peak, Lin or
Log Average, RMS, and Sample.
Twin vertical marker lines are available giving a readout of frequency and amplitude together
with difference values. Markers can be manually positioned or automatically peak finding or
tracking. A frequency counter can be used at the marker position with resolution down to 10Hz.

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A reference trace and a view trace can be displayed in addition to the live trace. Up to 999
traces can be stored to permanent memory for recall to the screen or for data export. 999
instrument set-ups and 999 complete screen bitmaps can also be stored. All files can be given
user defined names.
USB interfaces are provided for direct file transfer to a PC or for connection of a USB Flash
drive.
Extensive convenience features for repetitive operation include auto-set, frequency presets,
and storage of the instrument state together with the trace file for simultaneous or independent
recall.
Pressing the Status/Help hard key brings up a full status screen and access to help screens
relevant to the current menu position.
An optional upgrade package (retro installable) provides additional features including high
resolution data capture (scan mode), data logging, sweep triggering, limit patterns,
compensation tables, automatic measurements, and more - see section 6.
More details of the product capabilities are given in the Specifications - section 15.
1.4 Initial Use - Charging the Battery | Switching On
As supplied, the internal battery is likely to be partly or fully discharged. At first use, the
instrument should therefore be plugged into the charger until the lamp next to the charge socket
stops flashing, which could take up to three hours - see section 2.1.1.The instrument can still
be used during this period.
The instrument is turned on or off by pressing the small round key marked Power for about one
second. When turning on, the screen backlight will flash briefly and a short beep will sound to
indicate that the key press has been recognised, there is then a short delay prior to operation
starting.
If the battery is too far discharged to allow operation, the instrument will turn off again and a
second short beep will be sounded.
1.4.1 Setting the Date and Time
The instrument contains a real-time clock that is used for time stamping of files. As supplied
the date and/or time may be incorrect.
Date and time can be checked from page 4 of the Status screens, or can be checked and
altered from Setup/Functions > System/File Ops > System Utilities > Power/Clock.
Note that the date format is DD-MM-YY and the time format is 24 hour.

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2Basics of Operation
2.1 External Connections
2.1.1 DC Power Input
DC power to operate and/or recharge the instrument is connected via a 1.3mm power socket
mounted on the right hand side of the instrument.
Use ONLY the power-supply/charger provided by Aim-TTi with the unit. Use of any
other power source will void the warranty.
The red lamp next to the socket flashes whilst charging is taking place and becomes continuous
once charging is complete.
2.1.2 RF Signal Input
The signal to be measured is connected via a standard N connector mounted at the top of the
instrument. The input impedance is 50 Ohms. The maximum useable signal input is +20dBm
or +127 dBuV.
The absolute maximum signal input level is +25dBm or +132dBuV of RF power (approximately
4 volts RMS), or 50V DC.
Applying a signal above this level could damage the unit and such damage would not
be covered by the product warranty.
2.1.3 Demodulated Audio Output
Demodulated audio (when in Zero Span Mode) is available via the built-in speaker, with the
volume level adjustable from within the application. The signal is also provided via a 3.5mm
stereo jack socket mounted at the top of the instrument. Maximum power output is 30 milliwatts
into 32 Ohms.
The signal is mono but connection can be made using either a mono or stereo plug. In the
latter case the signal will be present on both channels. Connecting the jack plug automatically
disconnects the internal speaker.

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2.1.4 USB Host Connector (for USB Flash Memory)
A standard USB type A connector is provided on the left hand side of
the instrument which is revealed by moving the sliding cover towards
the top of the instrument. This is intended exclusively for the
connection of a USB Flash memory stick. See section 9.1.2 for full
information.
2.1.5 USB Device Connector (for connection to a PC)
A USB type mini-B connector is provided on the left hand side of the
instrument which is revealed by moving the sliding cover towards the
base of the instrument. This is intended exclusively for connection to a
personal computer. See section 9.1.3 for full information.
2.1.6 Trigger Input/Output
A 3.5mm mono jack socket is mounted at the top of the instrument for trigger signals. This has
no function unless option U02 is fitted - see section 6.1.5. An adaptor is provided that converts
from the jack socket to a standard BNC connector.
2.2 Bench-top and Portable Use
The instrument is intended for both hand-held and bench-top applications. It has rubber feet for
horizontal or vertical use, or can be angled using the tilt stand.
2.2.1 Tilt Stand
The instrument is supplied with the tilt stand folded
away and magnetically latched at the bottom of the
instrument. It can be hinged outwards to tilt the unit at
an angle of about 40 degrees.
2.2.2 Screen Protector and Sun Shield
To protect the screen when in transit, the tilt stand can
be detached from the bottom of the instrument and re-attached on the top to act as a screen
protector.
The stand is removed by flexing it outwards at the hinged end until the lugs disengage from the
sockets.
For outdoors use, the screen protector can be hinged upwards to form a sun shield which
improves the screen visibility in direct sunlight.
When not required, it can be detached and stowed away on the back of the instrument where it
functions as a tilt stand .

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2.3 Batteries and AC Line Power
2.3.1 Battery Operation
The instruments operates from an internal Lithium-ion rechargeable battery which can provide
more than 3 hours of continuous operation (screen brightness dependent).
The battery condition is indicated on the display via a multi-segment battery symbol. When it
changes colour to yellow, expected battery life has fallen below 30 minutes. When it turns red,
expected battery life has fallen below 10 minutes, and the analyzer should be recharged.
The approximate battery life remaining is also displayed in hours and minutes within the Status
information screens.
The battery is charged from the supplied 5V/2A charger which can recharge a fully discharged
battery in under 3 hours.
When the battery is being charged, the red lamp next to the charging socket flashes. When
charging is complete, flashing ceases but the lamp remains illuminated while the charger is
connected.
It is also possible to slow charge the instrument from the USB port of a personal computer
provided that the instrument is turned off. Charge time may be up to 10 hours. Connection to
the PC must be made from the mini USB “device” port of the instrument using the supplied
cable. It is not possible to operate the instrument from USB power.
2.3.2 AC Line Operation
For bench-top operation, the instrument can be operated continuously from the supplied ac-line
operated charger. The internal power management circuitry ensures that the battery cannot be
overcharged.
2.3.3 Power Saving for Battery Operation
The battery life of the instrument is affected by the screen brightness which can be adjusted
over a wide range (see section 4.8.2). Setting the brightness to maximum, for example, will
reduce battery life by up to 1 hour relative to the normal setting (40%).
To conserve the battery the instrument should be turned off when not in use. In addition, Auto-
Off mode can be selected whereby the unit turns off automatically after a defined period from
the last key press. The period can be set between 5 and 60 minutes - see section 4.9.3.2.
Auto-Off is automatically disabled when external power is connected, and when data-logging is
enabled. All data is retained when the instrument is off.
A short beep is sounded when the instrument turns off.

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2.4 Display and Controls Layout
Fig. 1

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2.5 Touch Screen Operation
The normal mode of operation of the spectrum analyzer is by using the touch-screen keys
within the display supplemented, when required, by the hard keys below.
The touch screen keys are normally operated by pressing with the finger or thumb, but can
alternatively be operated using the supplied stylus.
2.5.1 Finger Tip Operation
The touch screen is a resistive single-touch type (rather than the capacitive multi-touch type used
on many smart phones).
It can be operated by pressing the key area firmly with the soft part of the finger or thumb.
However, for greater positional accuracy it can also be operated by pressing gently with the finger
nail.
When a key is depressed, its colour changes from blue to purple. The key action is performed when
the key is released.
2.5.2 Stylus Operation
Some users may prefer to use a stylus to operate the touch screen. The supplied stylus has a
soft point. Sharply pointed objects should never be used to operate the screen as they could
cause damage.
The stylus should be replaced into its mounting slot at the base of the instrument to prevent it
being mislaid. The stylus design is compatible with those used with the Nintendo DS handheld
games console, and spares are widely available.
2.5.3 Operation using only the Hard Keys
It is also possible to use the spectrum analyzer without touching the screen at all, by using the
five “navigator” hard keys to operate each of the touch screen functions. See section 7.2 for a
full explanation of this mode of operation.
2.5.4 Navigator Keys - Mode Selection
The five hard keys that make up the Navigator have two alternative modes of operation which
are selected by the small illuminated keys on either side.
The modes are:
Control Markers (default) - see section 4.6.2.1, and Navigate Screen - see section 7.2.
Whenever the navigator mode is changed, an information box appears explaining the current
action of the navigator keys. If preferred this can be turned off - see section 4.9.3.3.
2.6 Instrument Status Information
The most important elements of the instrument status are displayed at the top of the screen
(see Fig. 1 in section 2.4). Further status information relevant to the current menu function is
shown directly above the key area.
In addition, the full status of the instrument can be displayed at any time by pressing the hard
key marked Status/Help - see section 4.9.1.
2.7 On-screen Help
The instrument incorporates extensive help information to assist the user. Help is accessed by
pressing the hard key marked Status/Help - see section 4.9.2.

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3Quick Start Guide
It is recommended that all users, including those fully familiar with RF spectrum analyzers, take
a little time to read through this instruction manual before using the instrument.
However, for users who wish to get started with hands-on operation as quickly as possible, the
following may prove useful.
1. Press and hold the Power key until a short beep is heard. Wait a few seconds and then
check the battery condition indicator on the display. If it shows less than ¼ full the instrument
should be connected to its charger.
2. Connect the signal to be measured to the N-type connector at the top of the instrument. The
maximum allowable signal without damage is +25dBm (+132dBuV or 4V rms). The maximum
measurable signal is +20dBm (+ 127dBuV or 2.23mV rms). If there is a possibility of the signal
exceeding these levels, add suitable in-line attenuation.
3. Ensure that the Navigator keys are set to Control Markers (key illuminated green). If not
press the round key marked Control Markers. This also selects touch-screen key control.
4. Press the hard key marked Presets (Auto-Set). Select Auto Set and press Execute.
The instrument will perform a full span sweep (10MHz to 3590/5990MHz) at maximum
reference level (+20dBm) and find the highest level within the sweep. It will then perform a
number of further sweeps at narrower spans and, where appropriate, lower reference levels.
During this time a red background message of Status: SCANNING with be displayed. When
finished the message will become Status: COMPLETE.
When Auto Set has completed, the analyzer should be set with a fairly narrow span (typically
10MHz) centred on the signal with the M1 marker at the centre frequency and in Peak-find
mode (indicated by an upwards arrow prior to the M1 readout). RBW will be set to Auto and
VBW to Track.
5. Press Exit to return to the main menu.
The M2 marker can be turned on from the hard key marked Control Markers. Markers are
moved using the Navigator hard keys – Left/Right moves the markers, Up sets peak-find mode
where the selected marker jumps to peaks within the trace, Down sets scroll mode where the
marker moves across the screen in one pixel steps (1/270th of the span). The marker currently
under control is selected by the centre key (M1/M2) and indicated by an arrow before the
marker readout.
From the main menu adjustments can be made to centre frequency and span (or start and
stop), sweep mode, detector type, RBW and VBW, reference level, displayed traces and
markers.
The menu system is hierarchical with each top-line key selecting a set of five second-line
sub-menu keys. Each of these provides access to a set of keys on the bottom line that perform
the actual functions.
Context sensitive help for each sub-menu group can be accessed by pressing the hard key
marked “Status (Help)” followed, if not already selected, by Context Help. This provides
sufficient information to understand the principles of operation.

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4Operation using the Menu System
The default menu system for the spectrum analyzer consists of three rows of five keys. The
upper row represents the top level of the menu system and defines five “menu groups” as
follows: enables the frequency range of sweep to be set in terms of start and stop
frequencies or centre frequency plus span, as well as zero span demodulation.
enables control of the sweep and bandwidth filtering for the sweep. Controls are
provided for RBW and VBW settings, sweep mode, sweep time, sweep control and
detector type selection. When option U02 is fitted, it also controls sweep triggering.
enables the reference level to be changed, the amplitude units to be changed, and
the vertical scaling to be altered. When option U02 is fitted, it also enables the
setup and control of limit lines and patterns, and the application of external offsets
and compensation tables.
provides control of the display traces including trace processing modes, along with
the storage function for both traces and screen images. Also provides setup and
control of the measurement markers.
provides access to the storage of instrument setups and access to system utilities
and setting of the frequency counter gate time. When option U02 is fitted, it also
provides access to automatic logging functions.
Each group has up to five “sub-groups” which appear on the middle row of keys. The currently
selected group and sub-group is shown by the relevant key being dark blue.
The bottom row of keys represent the “functions” that can be performed for each of the many
sub-groups. These keys may perform an immediate action, or bring up a pop-up menu, or
create a special control screen for numeric entry or file operations.
See Appendix D,section 19, for a graphical summary of the menu tree.
4.1 Setting the Frequency Range of the Sweep
This menu group controls the frequency range for the current sweep of the spectrum analyzer.
The range can be set in terms of either a centre frequency plus a span width, or in terms of a
start frequency and a stop frequency.
Pressing Centre or Span will cause the frequency range to be displayed at the top of the screen
in terms of a centre frequency and a span. Pressing Start/Stop will cause it to be displayed in
terms of a start frequency and a stop frequency.
The lowest start frequency is 10MHz. The highest stop frequency is 6000MHz or 3600MHz.
The minimum span width is 0.027MHz which results in minimum and maximum centre
frequencies of 10.0135MHz and 5999.9865MHz or 3599.9865MHz respectively.
Freq/
Span
Sweep/
BW
Level/
Limits
Traces/
Markers
Setup/
Functions
Centre
Span
Start/
Stop
Step
Size
Freq
Presets
Freq/
Span

Page 15
4.1.1 Centre
controls the centre frequency for the sweep. Also sets the annotation to
Centre/Span if it was previously Start/Stop. Creates a set of bottom-row function
keys as follows:
enables the centre frequency to be set to a specific value. The menu keys are
replaced by a numeric keyboard from which a centre frequency can be entered in
MHz to a resolution of 0.0001 (100Hz).
Press OK to activate the new frequency without leaving the screen or OK & Exit to
return to the Centre menu. Once a new frequency has been set from this screen,
the Previous key can be used to return to the previous frequency and then toggle
between the two.
Pressing Set by Tab/Jog selects an alternative setting screen in which frequencies
are set by “jogging” each digit up or down. Note that whichever method of setting
frequency is used becomes the default whenever Set Centre is pressed. See
section 7.3 for an illustrated description of frequency setting.
sets the centre frequency to the frequency value of the M1 marker (when active).
sets the centre frequency to the frequency value of the highest amplitude point in the current
sweep.
changes the centre frequency by the value of the step size
- see section 4.1.4.
4.1.2 Span
controls the span for the sweep. Also sets the annotation to Centre/Span if it was
previously Start/Stop. Creates a set of bottom-row function keys as follows:
enables the span to be set to a specific value. The method for setting the span is
similar to that for setting the Centre frequency - see section 7.3 for an illustrated
description of frequency setting.
sets the span equal to the frequency difference between the M1 and M2 markers (if
active).
sets the span to a higher or lower value in a 1-2-5 sequence starting from
the existing span value. (Example: if the existing span is 1.7MHz, the first
press of Zoom Out will take it to 2MHz and the next press to 5MHz).
changes the sweep mode of the spectrum analyser and opens the Zero Span sub
menu - see section 4.2.
Centre
Set
Centre
Set
C=M1
Set
C=Pk
Step
Down
Step
Up
Span
Set
Span
Set to
Mdelta
Zoom
Out
Zoom
In
Zero
Span

Page 16
4.1.3 Start/Stop
controls the start and stop frequencies for the sweep. Also sets the annotation to
Start/Stop if it was previously Centre/Span. Creates a set of bottom-row function
keys as follows:
enables the start or stop frequency to be set to a specific value. The
method for setting these is similar to that for setting the Centre frequency
- see section 7.3 for an illustrated description of frequency setting.
sets the start frequency to the frequency of the M1 marker and the stop frequency to
the frequency of the M2 marker. M1 and M2 must both be active and M2 must be at
a higher frequency than M1.
reverts to the start and stop frequencies that existed directly before the
Start=M1/Stop=M2 key was pressed.
opens a second set of actions keys: Fix Start/Fix Stop and Step Down/Step Up.
changes the action of the Step Up/Down keys so that only the stop
frequency or start frequency respectively is changed by the step value.
The fixed start or stop frequency is preceded by the word Fix. Pressing
the key again, or leaving this function-set (by pressing -more- 2 of 2 or any group or sub-group
key) will cancel the fixed start or stop frequency.
changes the start and/or stop frequencies by the value of the step size
(see next section). The action of the Fix Start/Fix Stop keys determines
whether both are stepped or only one is stepped.
Note that, if the start or stop frequency is “fixed” and the step size is set to Auto, the step size
will change on each press of step up/down so that it is always equal to one graticule division.
returns to the alternative set of action keys for Start-Stop. Cancels the fixed start or
stop frequency if set.
4.1.4 Step Size
sets the size of frequency stepping using the Step Up/Down keys. When relevant,
the current step size is displayed within a green box above the keys. Creates a set
of bottom-row function keys as follows:
enables the step size to be set to a specific value. The method for setting the step
size is similar to that for setting the Centre frequency - see section 7.1 for an
illustrated description of frequency setting.
causes the step size to be automatically linked to the width of the span. Thus
Step/Up down will cause the centre frequency to change in steps of one graticule
division. Auto step size is indicated by the word Auto above the step size value.
sets the step size equal to the frequency difference between the M1 and M2
markers (if active).
sets the step size equal to either the centre frequency or to the frequency
of the M1 marker (if active). This can be useful for observing the
harmonics of a fundamental frequency.
Start
Stop
Set
Start
Set
Stop
Start=M1
Stop=M2
-more-
1 of 2
Fix
Start
Fix
Stop
Step
Down
Step
Up
-more-
2 of 2
Step
Size
Auto
Span/10
Set to
Mdelta
Set to
Centre
Set to
M1
Set
Step

Undo

Page 17
4.1.5 Frequency Presets
enables up to six frequency ranges to be quickly stored and recalled. Only the
centre and span (or equivalent start and stop frequencies) are stored. This differs
from a Trace State or Set-up file for which more parameters are stored (see sections
9.2.3 or 9.2.5 respectively). Frequency presets are retained when the instrument is off.
Creates a set of bottom-row function keys as follows:
sets the sweep to the full range of the instrument (10MHz to 3.6GHz or 6.0GHz).
brings up a menu of six preset numbers (1 to 6) into which the current value of the
sweep frequency range can be stored. Existing values are over-written.
brings up a menu of six preset numbers (1 to 6) which recall previously stored
frequency ranges. Empty positions are ignored.
switches between the current sweep frequency range and the last range to be
recalled from a preset (or from Full Span).
4.1.6 Sweep Time
The normal sweep time and update rate is automatically set from the Span and the RBW and is
displayed within the lower annotation area. Narrower RBW settings create longer sweep times.
For each RBW, the normal sweep time is broadly proportional to the frequency span. The
sweep time can be manually reduced at the expense of amplitude accuracy. See section 4.3.2.
4.2 Zero Span Mode (Demodulation Mode)
Zero span is a special case of frequency range setting. It is set from the Span sub-menu - see
section 4.1.2. Pressing Zero Span removes the normal sweep display and enables audio and
waveform demodulation of AM and FM signals.
Pressing Zero Span brings up an alternative set of function keys as follows:
creates sub-menu from which audio demodulation of AM and FM signals can be
controlled.See section 4.2.1.
only available if option U02 is installed. Creates a sub-menu from which the
modulation waveform can be displayed and controlled. See section 4.2.2.
exits zero span mode and returns to a normal swept trace and the normal Span sub-
menu key functions.
4.2.1 Audio Demodulation Sub Menu
The demodulated audio is routed to a built-in loudspeaker. Alternatively, the audio can be
outputted via a 3.5mm jack socket - see section 2.1.3.
selects the type of demodulation as AM or FM. Note that this selection is also
applied to Waveform Demodulation.
enables the AM depth or FM deviation to be adjusted using Up/Down keys.
The range is 1.25%/div to 25%/div equivalent to +/-5% to +/-100% full scale (AM) or
0.25kHz/div to 250kHz/div equivalent to +/-1kHz to +/-1MHz full scale (FM).
Note that this selection is also applied to Waveform Demodulation
Freq
Presets
Full
Span
Recall
Preset
Toggle
Last
Audio
Demod
Wavefm
Demod
Store
Preset
Exit
Z-Span
Demod
Type
Depth/
Dev.

Page 18
controls the volume in 15 steps as shown on a bar graph. The audio can also be
muted and a hiss reducing filter applied.
Note that the RBW needs to be set appropriately for the modulation. As a broad guide the
RBW should be set greater than the channel bandwidth. However, setting an excessively wide
RBW will introduce unnecessary noise.
4.2.2 Waveform Demodulation Sub Menu (when fitted)
When option U02 is installed, the waveform of the modulation can be displayed for AM or FM
signals.Alternatively the carrier level can be displayed against time. If option U02 is not
installed, only the carrier level is displayed.
selects the display to be either the modulation (AM or FM) or the carrier. The carrier
display can be either the carrier level regularly sampled, or the carrier waveform
against a timebase.
Note that the selection of AM or FM is also applied to Audio Demodulation.
enables the AM depth or FM deviation to be adjusted using Up/Down keys.
The range is 1.25%/div to 25%/div equivalent to +/-5% to +/-100% full scale (AM) or
0.25kHz/div to 250kHz/div equivalent to +/-1kHz to +/-1MHz full scale (FM).
Note that this selection is also applied to Audio Demodulation
sets the display timebase within the range 5us/div to 20ms/div using Up/Down keys.
The timebase is used for AM, FM and Carrier Waveform display types.
the modulation waveform can be triggered to create a stable display for a tone or
other repetitive waveform. The trigger level is shown by a blue line on the screen
that can be shifted up or down. When the mode is set to Auto, the waveform will
trigger at that level on the rising or falling edge. In Free Run mode the trigger is ignored.
Note that the RBW needs to be set appropriately for the modulation. As a broad guide the
RBW should be set greater than the channel bandwidth in order to avoid waveform clipping.
Audio
Volume.
Display
Type
Depth/
Dev.
Time/
Div.
Trigger

Page 19
4.3 Setting the Sweep Mode, Bandwidth (RBW / VBW) & Detector
This menu group controls the sweep, the resolution bandwidth filters and the detector mode.
This enables the resolution bandwidth of the sweep filter and the subsequent video filtering to
be controlled along with sweep time (normal or fast) and the type of sweep (repeat or single). It
also provides control of the detector, and options for changing the image rejection method
(sweep mode). If option U02 is fitted, sweep triggering can also be controlled.
4.3.1 RBW / VBW
controls the resolution bandwidth of the sweep filter prior to the detector (RBW) and
of the filter that follows the detector (VBW). A narrower RBW provides greater
frequency resolution and lower noise, but increases the sweep time. A narrower
VBW similarly reduces noise but increases sweep time Creates a set of bottom-row function
keys as follows:
causes the RBW to be automatically changed to suit the frequency span. The RBW
value is displayed at the top of the screen and is preceded by the word Auto.
cancels Auto mode and creates a pop-up menu from which a specific RBW value
can be selected. The range is 300Hz to 10MHz in a 1:3:10 sequence. The selected
value is displayed at the top of the screen.
causes the VBW to be automatically changed to track the RBW value subject to the
VBW offset. The VBW value is displayed at the top of the screen and is preceded
by the word Trk.
cancels Track mode and creates a pop-up menu from which a specific VBW value
can be selected. The range is 300Hz to 10MHz in a 1:3:10 sequence. The selected
value is displayed at the top of the screen.
sets the relationship between VBW and RBW for VBW Track mode. Positive
numbers set a VBW one or more steps higher while negative numbers set it one or
more steps lower. The default is zero
4.3.2 Sweep Time (and the Sweep Progress Indicator Line)
The normal sweep time and update rate is automatically set from the Span and the RBW and is
displayed within the lower annotation area. Narrower RBW settings create longer sweep times. For
each RBW, the normal sweep time is broadly proportional to the frequency span. The sweep time
can be manually reduced at the expense of amplitude accuracy.
enables the sweep to be speeded up at the expense of level accuracy. Creates a
set of bottom-row function keys as follows:
selects the normal sweep time and ensures the highest degree of level accuracy.
The sweep time is dependent upon the span and the RBW/VBW settings and is
displayed in seconds within the lower annotation area followed by [N].
RBW/
VBW
Sweep
Time
Sweep
Control
Sweep
Mode
Detector
Type
Sweep/
BW
RBW/
VBW
RBW
Auto
RBW
Set
Sweep
Time
VBW
Track
Auto
(Norm)
Track
Offset
Set
VBW