Atmel AT89C51SND1C User manual

Firmware Package
.............................................................................................
User Guide

Firmware Package User Guide 1
4209A–MP3–12/02
Section 1
Introduction...........................................................................................1-1
1.1 Doc Control...............................................................................................1-1
1.2 References................................................................................................1-1
1.3 Abbreviations ............................................................................................1-1
Section 2
Installation.............................................................................................2-3
2.1 Architecture...............................................................................................2-3
2.2 Firmware Configuration.............................................................................2-8
2.3 SBC Libraries Interface.............................................................................2-9
2.4 Mass Storage Drivers..............................................................................2-10
Section 3
Operating Description.........................................................................3-11
3.1 Keypad Assignment................................................................................3-11
3.2 Firmware Upgrade ..................................................................................3-11
3.3 Start-Up...................................................................................................3-11
3.4 Mode Selection .......................................................................................3-12
3.5 Song Operating Mode.............................................................................3-12
3.6 Voice Operating Mode ............................................................................3-15
3.7 Tool Operating Mode ..............................................................................3-17
3.8 Download Operating Mode .....................................................................3-18

Firmware Package User Guide 1-1
Rev. 4209A–MP3–12/02
Section 1
Introduction
The AT89C51SND1C demonstration firmware is part of the AT8xC51SND1C starter kit.
This document is the user’s manual of the AT89C51SND1C demonstration firmware. It
is based on the development board V2.1 or V2.2.
1.1 Doc Control
1.2 References nAT8xC51SND1C Datasheet
nAT89C51SND1C Errata Sheet
nAT8xC51SND1 Development Board User’s Manual
1.3 Abbreviations nMP3: MPEG layer 3
nMMC: MultiMediaCard
nDF: Atmel on-board DataFlash memories
nUSB: Universal Serial Bus
nFAT: File Allocation Table
nSBC: SCSI Block Command
Rev Pages Purpose of Modifications Author Date
AAll
Document creation based on V1.2.x user’s
manual. Support for AT89C51SND1C. Fosse. F Oct. 22, 2002

Installation
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Section 2
Installation
The firmware package is delivered in a zip file: snd1-demof-2_0_x.zip that extracts in an
Atmel\at89c51snd1c directory.
2.1 Architecture
2.1.1 Overview Figure 2-1 shows the organization of the Atmel\t89c51snd1 directory. The follwoing sec-
tions detail the content of the sub-directories.
Figure 2-1. Atmel\at89c51snd1c Directory Organization
2.1.2 usb_ms_drv
Directory As shown in Figure 2-2, the win_drv directory contains the windows 98™driver for the
USB mass storage application. The ‘readme’files gives some advice on how to instal
drivers on windows 98™platform and how to mount the removable disk on Linux™
platform.
Figure 2-2. usb_ms_drv Directory Organization
lib\
lib_demob\
lib_mem\
Atmel\at89c51snd1c\
demo\
usb_ms_drv\
lib_storage\
usb_ms_drv\ atusbms.zip
readme.txt
readme_linux.pdf

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2.1.3 lib Directory As shown in Figure 2-3, the lib directory is organized in sub-directories that contain the
low-level drivers of the AT89C51SND1C peripherals.
The lib directory also contains the following files:
nc51_drv.h: this header file contains macro functions able to configure c51 core
features such as clock mode, ERAM size, global interrupt…
ncompiler.h: this header file contains new type definitions, general purpose constants
and macro functions able to get rid of compiler type.
nregsnd1.h: this header file contains special function registers and bit definition of the
AT8xC51SND1C products.
nextsnd1.h: this header file contains mask definitions for special function registers of
the AT8xC51SND1C products.
Figure 2-3. lib Directory Organization
adc\
pll\
adc_drv.c
adc_drv.h
aud\ aud_drv.c
aud_drv.h
pll_drv.h
kbd\ kbd_drv.c
kbd_drv.h
mmc\ mmc_drv.c
mmc_drv.h
mp3\ mp3_drv.c
mp3_drv.h
spi\ spi_drv.c
spi_drv.h
timer\ timer_drv.c
timer_drv.h
usb\ usb_drv.c
usb_drv.h
c51_drv.h
compiler.h
regsnd1.h
extsnd1.h
wdt\ wdt_drv.h
lib\
clock\ clock.c
clock.h

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2.1.4 lib_demob Directory As shown in Figure 2-4, the lib_demob directory is organized in sub-directories that con-
tain the low-level drivers of the AT8xC51SND1C development board peripherals.
The lib_demob directory also contains the following file:
ndemob.h: this header file contains definitions of the board hardware such as LCD
address, On-board Flash chip select ports…
Figure 2-4. lib_demob Directory Organization
2.1.5 lib_mem Directory As shown in Figure 2-5, the lib_mem directory is organized in sub-directories that con-
tain the high-level drivers of memories or cards that can be connected to the
AT8xC51SND1C products.
Figure 2-5. lib_mem Directory Organization
2.1.6 lib_storage
Directory As shown in Figure 2-6, the lib_storage directory contains the libraries for SBC mass storage support. In order to standardize the interfaces and to keep confidentiality on
these modules embedded SCSI modules are delivered in library form (source code not
delivered).
SBC module is composed of the following libraries:
nsbc.lib
This lib contains the common (not memory dependant) SBC functions.
nsbc_df.lib
This lib contains the specific SBC functions for DataFlash support.
nsbc_mmc.lib
This lib contains the specific SBC functions for MultiMediaCard support.
nsbc_nf.lib
This lib contains the specific SBC functions for Nand Flash support.
nsbc_smc.lib
This lib contains the specific SBC functions for SmartMediaCard support.
nsbc_cf.lib
This lib contains the specific SBC functions for CompactFlash support.
Information on how to interface with those libraries is given in Section 2.3.
dac\
demob.h
lib_demob\ dac_drv.h
lcd\ lcd_drv.c
lcd_drv.h
df\
nf\
lib_mem\ df.c
mmc\ mmc.c
mmc.h
df.h
nf.c
nf.h
nf_drv.c
nf_drv.h
nf_drv.a51
xxx\

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Figure 2-6. lib_storage Directory Organization
2.1.7 demo Directory The demo directory contains all the demonstration firmware core directories. These
directories contain some important companion files giving information on the demon-
stration firmware. Please read this files carefully.
Figure 2-7. demo Directory Organization
2.1.7.1 demo_fat\doc
Directory The demo\demo_fat\doc directory contains the user’s manual of the firmware in PDF format.
2.1.7.2 demo_fat\bin
Directory The demo\demo_fat\bin directory contains the Keil™µ-vision2 project files, and the exe-
cutable file in Intel™“.hex”format. Depending on the demo, up to three “.hex”files can
be found under this directory:
nplayer.hex: compilation result of the current configuration.
nsnd1c-demo-df-b21-2_0_x.hex: V2.0.X firmware for the V2.1 board.
nsnd1c-demo-df-b22-2_0_x.hex: V2.0.X firmware for the V2.2 board.
2.1.7.3 demo_fat\obj
Directory The demo\demo_fat\obj directory contains the object files of all modules after compilation.
2.1.7.4 demo_fat\src
Directory As shown in Figure 2-8, the demo\demo_fat\src directory is organized in sub-directories that contain files such as system header and source files, task header and source file.
sbc.h
sbc_mmc.lib
lib_storage\
sbc_df.lib
sbc_nf.lib
sbc_smc.lib
sbc_xxx.lib
sbc.lib
demo\ demo_fat\ bin\
obj\
src\
tst\
doc\
demo_nf\
CHANGES.txt
INSTALL.txt
LICENSE.txt
NEWS.txt
README.txt
…
doc\

Installation
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Figure 2-8. demo\demo_fat\src Directory Organization
clock\
file\
demo\demo_fat\src\ clock.c
clock.h
display\ disp.c
disp.h
fat.c
kbd\ kbd_task.c
kbd_task.h
mass\ usb_task.c
mem\ hard.h
mem_task.c
mode\ mode_task.c
mode_task.h
song\ song_drv.c
song_drv.h
system\ config.h
main.c
voice\ voice_drv.c
voice_drv.h
fat.h
disp_task.c
disp_task.h
file.c
file.h
mem_task.h
song_task.c
song_task.h
scheduler.c
scheduler.h
startup.a51
variable.c
voice_task.c
voice_task.h
tool\ tool_task.c
tool_task.h
usb_task.h
sbc.h
sbc.lib
sbc_df.lib
sbc_mmc.lib

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2.2 Firmware
Configuration There are two files that are used to configure the firmware:
nthe “config.h”located under the demo\demo_fat\src\system\ directory used to
configure the library/drivers as detailed in each driver header files.
nthe “board.h”located under lib_demob\ directory used to configure the board type
between V2.1 or V2.2 and the component information of the board.
Note: When working with the starter kit, only the board type has to be configured,
component configuration must not be changed.
2.2.1 USB IDs Three IDs are available for configuration by the user in config.h file:
nVendor ID
nProduct ID
nRelease Number ID
According to USB Organization: “Vendor ID (VID) is owned by the vendor company and
is assigned and maintained by the USB-IF only. E-mail [e-mail] for more infor-
mation on USB-IF membership and obtaining a VID”.
Atmel allows usage of its VID (03EBh) during product development phase. In any case
Atmel’s VID may be used by customer for market release. Deviation to this rule may
lead to host USB crash in case of IDs confusion.
2.2.2 USB Mass Storage
Strings Six strings are available for configuration by user in config.h file. those strings are printed during USB drivers installation and during disk drivers status report in host
system:
nUSB_MANUFACTURER_NAMEunicode character string
nUSB_MN_LENGTHnumber of unicode character
nUSB_PRODUCT_NAMEat least 12 unicode characters string
nUSB_PN_LENGTHnumber of unicode characters
nUSB_SERIAL_NUMBERat least 12 unicode characters string
nUSB_SN_LENGTHnumber of unicode character
nSBC_VENDOR_ID8 ASCII characters string
nSBC_PRODUCT_ID16 ASCII characters string
nSBC_REVISION_ID4 ASCII characters string

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2.3 SBC Libraries
Interface SBC module is composed of the following libraries:
nsbc.lib:this lib contains the common (not memory dependant) SBC functions.
nsbc_df.libthis lib contains the specific SBC functions for DataFlash support.
nsbc_mmc.lib:this lib contains the specific SBC functions for MultiMediaCard support.
nsbc_nf.lib:this lib contains the specific SBC functions for Nand Flash support.
nsbc_smc.lib:this lib contains the specific SBC functions for SmartMediaCard support.
2.3.1 Global Variables ngl_sbc_wr_busy
1-bit write activity, set to ON by library, must be set to OFF by consuming task (see
disp_task.c).
ngl_sbc_rd_busy
1-bit read activity, set to ON by library, must be set to OFF by consuming task (see
disp_task.c).
ngl_sbc_wr_protect
1-bit write protection, set to ON or OFF before calling the library command browser
(see usb_task.c).
ndCBWDataTransferLength
4-byte unsigned USB variable (declared in usb_task.c).
ngl_sbc_vendor_id
8-char table in code space(see Section 2.2.2 for configuration).
ngl_sbc_product_id
16-char table in code space (see Section 2.2.2 for configuration).
ngl_sbc_revision_id
4-char table in code space(see Section 2.2.2 for configuration).
2.3.2 Internal Library
Functions In the following items xxx may represent df, nf, smc,cf…depending on the memory library.
nvoid sbc_xxx_init (void)
Memory dedicated SBC support initialization function.
nvoid sbc_command_xxx (void)
Memory dedictaed SBC support command parser function.
2.3.3 External Library
Functions In the following items xxx may represent df, nf, smc,cf…depending on the memory library.
nxxx_block_size_0(), xxx_block_size_1(), xxx_block_size_2(), xxx_block_size_3():
4-byte unsigned block size (byte unit) reported byte by byte.
nxxx_disk_size_0(), xxx_disk_size_1(), xxx_disk_size_2(), xxx_disk_size_3():
4-byte unsigned disk size (block unit) reported byte by byte.
nxxx_read_open(void), xxx_read_sector(sector_nb), xxx_read_close(void)
functions implemented in memory driver module.
nxxx_write_open(void), xxx_write_sector(sector_nb), xxx_write_close(void)
functions implemented in memory driver module.
nxxx_check_presence()
function implemented in removable memory (card) driver module only.

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2.4 Mass Storage
Drivers
2.4.1 Windows Drivers No specific mass storage driver installation is requested when using Windows 2000™,
Windows ME™, and Windows XP™. Each system loads the generic mass storage driver
when plugging the development board to the PC.
As no generic driver is available under Windows 98SEsystem, Atmel has developed
its own mass storage driver to support this operating system. This driver is based on 3
files: atusbms.sys, atusbpdr.pdr and atusbms.inf. Install information is provided in
readme.txt file under usb_ms_drv directory.
2.4.2 Linux Drivers Install information for linux is provided in readme_linux.pdf file under usb_ms_drv
directory.

Operating Description
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Section 3
Operating Description
3.1 Keypad
Assignment Figure 3-1 shows the board’s keypad assignment, one key is left free of functionality for
user’s usage.
Figure 3-1. Keypad Assignment
3.2 Firmware
Upgrade A hidden operating mode is available to upgrade the firmware without using the ISP
hardware condition. This mode is entered by pressing simultaneously the grayed key as
shown in Figure 3-1 while powering the board or pressing the reset button. The upgrade
screen is then displayed to inform user of boot loader execution.
Figure 3-2. Firmware Upgrade Screen
Firmware can then be upgraded using the generic Atmel FLIP tool.
3.3 Start-Up The AT89C51SND1C firmware starts with a splash screen giving the version(1) of the
firmware (see Figure 3-3). This screen is displayed during few seconds but can be
skipped by pressing any key.
Note: 1. Version displayed is composed of three digits:
–First digit gives the major revision number.
–Second digit gives the minor revision number and a state of the revision:
even= stable version
odd= non stable version (used during developments)
–Third digit gives the patch revision number.
MODE
Firmware Upgrade

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Figure 3-3. Splash Screen
3.4 Mode Selection After the set-up phase, the firmware enters the song operating mode. In all operating
modes, the mode can be sequentially changed using the “Mode”key with the following
order:
nSong mode
nVoice mode
nTool mode
Download operating mode is entered automatically when connecting the board to the
PC through the USB connection.
All these operating modes are detailed in the following sections.
3.5 Song Operating
Mode This mode is the MP3 song player. It gathers together all the standard features of a por-
table player. It displays the FAT file names in DOS 8.3 or VFAT long format.
Figure 3-4. Display in Song Playing Mode
3.5.1 Keypad Functions Table 1 details the functionality of each key depending on the current state.
Table 1. Song Mode Key Function
AT8x51SND1 DEMO
FIRMWARE V2.0.X
15 0:00
Song Name.mp3
Lock Status
Song Name
Playing
Repeat SoundPlayer
Player State
Icon Memory Icon LevelIcon Time
Key Description
Sound Control
Select the volume or bass or medium or treble control.
Memory Control (stop state)
Make a selection between the on-board FLASH memory, the MMC 1 or the
MMC 2 card.
Next Song (play state)
Play next mp3 file in current directory.
Next Selection (stop state)
Select next mp3 file or directory in current directory.

Operating Description
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3.5.2 Memory Selection The memory selection is done using the “Memory control”key. On-board memory is
selected by default, pressing the “Memory control”key selects sequentially the MMC1
memory, the MMC2 memory then the on-board memory. If present, selected memory is
displayed as shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Selected Memory Status
Previous Song (play state)
Play previous mp3 file or directory in current directory.
Previous Selection (stop state)
Select previous mp3 file or directory in current directory.
Play (stop state)
Start playing of selected song.
Pause (play state)
Suspend playing of song.
Enter (stop state)
Enter the selected directory.
Stop (play state)
Stop playing of song.
Mode (stop state)
Exit the song operating mode and go to the voice operating mode.
Increase Control
Increase global volume.
Increase bass volume.
Increase medium volume.
Increase treble volume.
Decrease Control
Decrease global volume.
Decrease bass volume.
Decrease medium volume.
Decrease treble volume.
Parent Directory (stop state)
Go to the parent directory.
Repeat (play state)
Repeat playing from the beginning after the last song toggle key.
Repeat A/B (play state)
First press sets A marker, while second press sets B marker and jumps
back to A marker.
Erase (stop state)
Pressing this key for more than 3 seconds removes the selected song file
from FAT.
Keypad Lock Control
Lock or unlock the keypad.
Key Description
MOD
Icon Description
On-Board Memory
On-board memory is selected.
MMC1
MMC card 1 is selected.

Operating Description
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3.5.3 Song Player State The player can take 5 different states as detailed in Table 3.
Table 3. Song Player States
3.5.4 Song Name When entering song operating mode or after selecting other memory, the first song or
directory of the root directory is displayed. If the name is more than 14 bytes long, it is
scrolled on the display from right to left. If the root directory is empty (no MP3 file or no
directory) ‘--’is displayed instead of name.
If memory is not formatted, the error state is displayed. Please refer to Section 3.7 to for-
mat the memory.
3.5.5 Playing Time During song playing, time is displayed as minute:second.
3.5.6 Sound Control Sound selection is done by pressing the “Sound”key. The level of each selected sound
is displayed on the screen. Sound adjustment is performed by pressing the “Increase”or
“Decrease”key.
3.5.7 Repeat Modes Two repeat modes are available:
nRepeat A/B
nAuto Repeat
These modes are only selectable during song playing mode. Pressing the “Repeat”key
for more than half a second enables or disables the auto repeat feature. Pressing the
“Repeat”key once sets the A marker while pressing the “Repeat”key a second time
sets the B marker. Then song is played from A to B repeatedly.
Repeat modes are signalled to user using a small icon in the first line of the display (see
Figure 3-4) and as detailed in Table 4.
Table 4. Repeat Mode Status
MMC2
MMC card 2 is selected.
Icon Description
Icon Description
SONG
MP3 file selected (stop state).
DIRECTORY
Directory selected (stop state)
PLAY
Selected song under playing.
PAUSE
Selected song paused.
ERROR
Selected memory is not formatted.
Icon Description
Auto Repeat
Endless Playing.
Repeat A/B
A marker is set.

Operating Description
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3.5.8 Song Erasing In order to free-up memory for message recording, an erase function has been imple-
mented. Pressing the “Erase”key, for more than 3 seconds, erases the currently
selected song.
3.6 Voice Operating
Mode This mode is used to store voice messages.
Figure 3-5. Display in Voice Operating Mode
3.6.1 File Format Files created are compatible with windows™pcm wav files and can be played using any
media player. File format is mono 8 Khz 8-bit leading to 64 Kbits/s, thus 8 Kbytes of
memory per second.
3.6.2 Keypad Functions Table 5 details the functionality of each key depending on the current state.
Table 5. Voice Mode Key Function
Repeat A/B
B marker is set, repeat playing from A to B.
Icon Description
2 0:00
VOICEOO1.WAV
Lock Status
Message Name
Playing
VolumeVoice
Player/Recorder State
Icon Memory Icon Level Time
Key Description
Next Message
Select next voice message in memory.
Previous Message
Select previous voice message in memory.
Play (stop state)
Start playing of selected voice message.
Pause (play state)
Suspend playing of voice message.
Pause (record state)
Suspend recording of song message.
Stop (play state)
Stop playing of voice message.
Stop (record state)
Stop recording of voice message.
Mode (stop state)
Exit the voice operating mode and go to the tool operating mode.
Increase Control
Increase volume.
Decrease Control
Decrease volume.
MODE

Operating Description
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3.6.3 Message Recording Pressing the “Record”key, creates a new “Voicexxx.wav”file in FAT then sampling is
started and message is recorded until the “Stop”key is pressed or end of memory is
reached. Up to 255 voice messages can be recorded in FAT.
3.6.4 Message Erasing Pressing the “Erase”key, for more than 3 seconds, erases the currently selected
message.
3.6.5 Memory Selection The memory selection is done using the “Memory control”key. On-board memory is
selected by default, pressing the “Memory control”key selects sequentially the MMC1
memory, the MMC2 memory then the on-board memory. If present, selected memory is
displayed as shown in Table 2.
3.6.6 Message
Player/Recorder
State
The voice player/recorder can take 5 different states as detailed in Table 6.
Table 6. Voice Player States
3.6.7 Message Name When entering voice operating mode or after selecting other memory, the wave file
name is displayed. If the root directory of the on-board memory does not contain any
“VOICEnnn.WAV”file, ‘--’is displayed instead of the file name.
If memory is not formatted, the error state is displayed.
3.6.8 Playing Time During memo playing, time is displayed as minute:second.
3.6.9 Volume Control A five step volume control is implemented and is adjusted by pressing the “Increase”or
“Decrease”key.
Record (stop state)
Start recording of a new voice message.
Erase (stop state)
Pressing this key for more than 3 seconds removes the selected voice
message from FAT.
Keypad Lock Control
Lock or unlock the keypad.
Key Description
Icon Description
STOP
No message under playing nor recording.
PLAY
Message is under playing.
PAUSE
Playing or recording is paused.
RECORD
Message is under recording.
ERROR
Selected memory is not formatted.

Operating Description
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3.7 Tool Operating
Mode This operating mode is a menu composed of two items. It is used to format the memory
with or without voice files.
Figure 3-6. Display in Tool Operating Mode
3.7.1 Keypad Functions Table 7 details the functionality of each key depending on the current state.
Table 7. Tool Mode Key Function
3.7.2 Memory Selection The memory selection is done using the “Memory control”key. On-board memory is
selected by default, pressing the “Memory control”key selects sequentially the MMC1
memory, the MMC2 memory then the on-board memory. If present, selected memory is
displayed as shown in Table 2.
3.7.3 Tool State The tool operating mode can take 2 different states as detailed in Table 8.
Table 8. Tool States
3.7.4 ‘Format’ Item The ‘format’function allows memory formatting in FAT12 or FAT16 depending on the
memory size. For example, on board DataFlash will be formatted in FAT12 for V2.1
board (16 Mbytes) or FAT16 for board V2.2 (32 Mbytes).
This format function is compliant with MMC and SMC recommendations. Using other
format specially for NF or SMC may lead to decrease the data transfer rate in mass stor-
age mode.
Format...
Lock Status
Item Name
Tool
Item Execution State
Icon Memory Icon
Key Description
Execute
Execute the selected item.
Mode
Exit the tool operating mode and go to the song operating mode.
Keypad Lock Control
Lock or unlock the keypad.
MOD
Icon Description
READY
Selected function is ready for execution.
BUSY
Selected function is under execution.

Operating Description
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3.8 Download
Operating Mode Firmware V2.0.X and later support USB mass storage on the following platforms:
nWin98 through Atmel drivers
nWin2000(1)/ME/XP
nMAC OS(1) V9 and later
nLinux
Note: 1. These platforms do not provide multi-drive support
When the development board is plugged to the host through the USB cable, the cur-
rently selected operating mode is stopped and the download operating mode is entered
(see Figure 3-7). When disconnecting from the host, the song operating mode is auto-
matically selected.
Depending on the platform multi-drive support, one or two removable disks automati-
cally appear in the explorer window. Content of the selected memory is then made
accessible for read/write operations through the explorer.
Figure 3-7. Display in Download Operating Mode
3.8.1 Keypad Functions As soon as development board is connected to the PC, player is not controllable
through the keypad until it is unplugged from the PC.
3.8.2 Memory Selection Memory selection is done when entering the download operating mode.
On platforms that do not support multi-drive, the selected memory (refer to icon) is:
nthe MMC if at least one MMC card is present in the stack
nthe on board memory if no MMC card is present in the stack
The selected memory stays selected until USB is unplugged.
On platforms that support multi-drive, the selected memory is:
nthe on board memory on the first mounted drive
nthe MMC on the second mounted drive
When MMC card is removed and plugged again, and depending on the operating sys-
tem, it may be necessary to press the F5 key to refresh the explorer content.
3.8.3 Write Protection If keypad is locked before entering the download operating mode, file write will be forbid-
den and a message will inform user that the device is write protected in case of
attempted file write. Due to SCSI mass storage implementation, write protection must be
set prior to connecting the device to USB. Any change of the lock key during connection
will have no effect.
3.8.4 Download State The download or upload activity is signalled to user by blinking the download indicator.
Do not unplug the player while this indicator is blinking, this may result in file system cor-
ruption and may request new formatting of the memory.
USB
Download Indicator
Icon Memory Icon
Write Protect Status