Axcera Innovator LX Series User manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL
Innovator,
LX Series
UHF Analog
Driver/Transmitter/Translator
AXCERA, LLC
103 FREEDOM DRIVE P.O. BOX 525 LAWRENCE, PA 15055-0525 USA
[phone] •FAX [phone]
www.axcera.com •[email protected]

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents
LX Series, Rev. 3 December 5, 2005i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
SECTION PAGE
1.1 Manual Overview ............................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Assembly Designators ...................................................................... 1-1
1.3 Safety........................................................................................... 1-2
1.4 Contact Information.....................................................................1-2
1.5 Material Return Procedure................................................................. 1-2
1.6 Limited One Year Warranty for Axcera Products..................................... 1-3
CHAPTER 2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION, MAINTENANCE
& REMOTE CONTROL CONNECTIONS
System Overview ........................................................................... 2-1
2.0 (Optional) Exciter Switcher Tray........................................................ 2-2
2.1 Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly .................................................... 2-2
2.1.1 Receiver Module (not used in a transmitter system) ...................... 2-2
2.1.2 Modulator Module (may not be used in a translator system) ............ 2-4
2.1.3 IF Processor Module ................................................................ 2-5
2.1.4 VHF/UHF Upconverter Module ................................................... 2-7
2.1.5 Control & Monitoring/Power Supply Module .................................. 2-9
2.1.6 Exciter PA Module used in 10-100W Xmitters. or Drvrs above 2kW ..2-10
2.1.6.1 Driver Amplifier Module, used with 1kW or 2kW transmitters .2-12
2.1.7 RF Output Assemblies.............................................................2-14
2.2 Control and Status .........................................................................2-14
2.2.1 Front Panel LCD Display Screen................................................2-14
2.3 System Operation ..........................................................................2-14
2.3.1 Principles of Operation............................................................2-14
2.4 Maintenance.................................................................................2-17
2.5 Customer Remote Connections ...................................................2-17
CHAPTER 3 SITE CONSIDERATIONS, INSTALLATION AND SETUP PROCEDURES
3.1 Site Considerations.......................................................................... 3-1
3.2 Unpacking the Chassis w/Modules, bandpass and trap filters.................... 3-5
3.3 Installing the Chassis w/Modules and filters.......................................... 3-5
3.4 AC Input ....................................................................................... 3-6
3.5 Setup and Operation........................................................................ 3-7
3.5.1 Input Connections .................................................................. 3-7
3.5.2 Initial Turn On ....................................................................... 3-9
3.5.2.1 (Optional) Receiver Module LEDs on Front Panel................... 3-9
3.5.2.2 Modulator Module LEDs on Front Panel............................... 3-9
3.5.2.3 IF Processor Module LEDs on Front Panel...........................3-10
3.5.2.4 VHF/UHF Upconverter Module LEDs on Front Panel ..............3-10
3.5.2.5 Controller Module LEDs on Front Panel ..............................3-10
3.5.2.6 Power Amplifier or Driver Module LEDs on Front Panel..........3-10
3.5.3 Front Panel Screens for the (Optional) Exciter Switcher Assembly....3-10
3.5.4 Front Panel Screens for the Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly ......3-13
3.5.5 Operation Procedure ..............................................................3-22
CHAPTER 4 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONS
4.0 (Optional) Exciter Switcher Tray (Used with dual exciter system) .............. 4-1

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents
LX Series, Rev. 3 December 5, 2005ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS -(Continued)
SECTION PAGE
4.0.1 Exciter Switcher Control Board .................................................. 4-1
4.1 (Optional) Receiver Module (not used in a transmitter system) ................. 4-1
4.1.1 IF ALC Board ......................................................................... 4-1
4.1.2 UHF or VHF Mixer/PLL Board..................................................... 4-2
4.1.3 UHF, VHF LB or VHF HB Preamplifier Board.................................. 4-2
4.2 Modulator Module (may not be used in a translator system) .................... 4-3
4.2.1 Analog Modulator Board........................................................... 4-3
4.2.1.1 Mono, Balanced Audio Input ............................................. 4-3
4.2.1.2 Stereo, Composite Audio Input ......................................... 4-3
4.2.1.3 SAP/PRO, Subcarrier Audio Input ...................................... 4-4
4.2.1.4 Audio Modulation of the 3.4 MHz VCO ................................ 4-4
4.2.1.5 Phase Lock Loop (PLL) Circuit ........................................... 4-4
4.2.1.6 Main Video Signal Path (Part 1 of 2)................................... 4-5
4.2.1.7 Delay Equalizer Circuits................................................... 4-5
4.2.1.8 Sync Tip Clamp Circuit .................................................... 4-6
4.2.1.9 Main Video Signal Path (Part 2 of 2)................................... 4-6
4.2.1.10 45.75 MHz Oven Oscillator Circuit .................................... 4-6
4.2.1.11 Visual Modulator Circuit ................................................. 4-7
4.2.1.12 Aural Modulator Circuit .................................................. 4-7
4.2.1.13 Combining the 45.75 MHz & 41.25 MHz IF Signals .............. 4-8
4.2.1.14 Voltage Requirements................................................... 4-8
4.3 IF Processor Module......................................................................... 4-8
4.3.1 IF Processor Board.................................................................. 4-8
4.3.1.1 Modulator Selected......................................................... 4-9
4.3.1.2 External Modulated IF Selected......................................... 4-9
4.3.1.3 Main IF Signal Path (Part 1 of 3) ....................................... 4-9
4.3.1.4 Input Level Detector Circuit.............................................. 4-9
4.3.1.5 Pin-Diode Attenuator Circuit............................................4-10
4.3.1.6 Main IF Signal Path (Part 2 of 3) ......................................4-11
4.3.1.7 Amplitude and Phase Pre-Correction Circuits.......................4-11
4.3.1.8 Main IF Signal Path (Part 3 of 3) ......................................4-12
4.3.1.9 ALC Circuit...................................................................4-13
4.3.1.10 Fault Command ..........................................................4-13
4.3.1.11 ±12 VDC needed to operate Board..................................4-14
4.4 VHF/UHF Upconverter Module...........................................................4-14
4.4.1 Downconverter Board.............................................................4-14
4.4.2 L-Band PLL Board ..................................................................4-14
4.4.3 First Conversion Board............................................................4-15
4.4.4 Upconverter Control Board ......................................................4-15
4.5 Control Monitoring/Power Supply Module ............................................4-16
4.5.1 Power Protection Board...........................................................4-16
4.5.1.1 +12 VDC Circuits..........................................................4-16
4.5.1.2 -12 VDC Circuits...........................................................4-17
4.5.2 Control Board .......................................................................4-17
4.5.2.1 Schematic Page 1..........................................................4-17
4.5.2.2 Schematic Page 2..........................................................4-18
4.5.2.3 Schematic Page 3..........................................................4-18
4.5.2.4 Schematic Page 4..........................................................4-18
4.5.2.5 Schematic Page 5..........................................................4-19
4.5.3 Switch Board ........................................................................4-19
4.5.4 Switching Power Supply Assembly ............................................4-19

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents
LX Series, Rev. 3 December 5, 2005iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS -(Continued)
SECTION PAGE
4.6 Exciter PA Module used in 10-100Watt Xmitters. or Drivers above 2kW .....4-20
4.6.1 1 Watt Amplifier Module Assembly ............................................4-20
4.6.2 1 Watt UHF Amplifier Board .....................................................4-20
4.6.3 40 Watt UHF Amplifier Assembly...............................................4-21
4.6.4 UHF Module Assembly, RF Module Pallet.....................................4-22
4.6.5 Coupler Board Assembly .........................................................4-22
4.6.6 Amplifier Control Board...........................................................4-22
4.6.6.1 Schematic Page 1..........................................................4-22
4.6.6.2 Schematic Page 2..........................................................4-23
4.6.6.3 Current Monitoring Sections of the Board ...........................4-23
4.6.6.4 Schematic Page 3 Aural, Visual. Aural Power Detectors.........4-24
4.6.7 Bandpass and Trap Filters .......................................................4-24
OR 4.7 Driver Amplifier Module Assembly used in 1kW or 2kW transmitters ....4-24
4.7.1 1-Watt Amplifier Module Assembly ............................................4-25
4.7.2 1-Watt UHF Amplifier Board.....................................................4-25
4.7.3 40 Watt UHF Amplifier Assembly...............................................4-26
OR 4.7.3.1 250 Watt UHF Amplifier Assembly................................4-26
4.7.4 Coupler Board Assembly .........................................................4-26
4.7.5 Amplifier Control Board...........................................................4-27
4.7.5.1 Schematic Page 1..........................................................4-27
4.7.5.2 Schematic Page 2..........................................................4-28
4.7.5.3 Current Monitoring Sections of the Board ...........................4-28
4.7.5.4 Schematic Page 3 Aural, Visual. Aural Power Detectors.........4-28
CHAPTER 5 DETAILED ALIGNMENT PROCEDURES
5.1 Module Replacement........................................................................ 5-1
5.1.1 Initial Test Setup.................................................................... 5-1
5.2 LX Series Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly........................................ 5-2
5.2.1 (Optional) Receiver Module Assembly ......................................... 5-2
5.2.2 Modulator Module Assembly...................................................... 5-2
5.2.3 IF Processor Module Assembly .................................................. 5-3
5.2.4 VHF/UHF Upconverter Assembly ................................................ 5-4
5.2.5 Setting up the Drive Level of the Transmitter Procedure ................. 5-4
5.2.6 Changing the Transmitter Channel Procedure ............................... 5-4
5.2.7 Linearity Correction Adjustment ................................................ 5-9
5.2.8 Frequency Response Delay Equalization Adjustment .....................5-10
5.2.9 Calibration of Output Power & Reflected Power of Transmitter ........5-10
5.3 Bandpass Filter Assembly ................................................................5-11
5.4 UHF Trap Filter Assembly .................................................................5-11
5.4.1 Effects of Tuning the Output Trap Filter......................................5-13
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A LX SERIES SPECIFICATIONS
APPENDIX B LX SERIES DRAWINGS AND PARTS LISTS
APPENDIX C TRANSMITTER LOG SHEET

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents
LX Series, Rev. 3 iv
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE
1-1Brady Marker Identification Drawing............................................. 1-1
2-1Exciter/Driver Chassis Assembly Front View................................... 2-1
2-2Exciter/Driver Chassis Assembly Rear View...................................2-18
3-11 kW Minimum Ventilation Configuration ....................................... 3-4
3-2Front and Rear View Reconnection Drawings .................................. 3-5
3-3Ac Input Box Assembly .............................................................. 3-7
3-4Rear View of LX Series Analog Transmitter .................................... 3-8
4-140 Watt UHF Amplifier Module....................................................4-21
4-2250 Watt UHF Amplifier Module ..................................................4-21
4-340 Watt UHF Amplifier Module....................................................4-25
4-2250 Watt UHF Amplifier Module ..................................................4-26
5-1Typical Red Field Spectrum......................................................... 5-9
5-2Bandpass Filter.......................................................................5-12

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents
LX Series, Rev. 3 v
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE PAGE
2-1LX Series Trays and Assemblies................................................... 2-1
2-2Receiver Front Panel Switch........................................................ 2-3
2-3Receiver Front Panel Status Indicators.......................................... 2-3
2-4Receiver Front Panel Control Adjustments ..................................... 2-3
2-5Receiver Front Panel Samples ..................................................... 2-3
2-6Modulator Front Panel Switch...................................................... 2-4
2-7Modulator Front Panel Status Indicators ........................................ 2-4
2-8Modulator Front Panel Control Adjustments.................................... 2-5
2-9Modulator Front Panel Sample..................................................... 2-5
2-10 IF Processor Front Panel Switch................................................... 2-6
2-11 IF Processor Front Panel Status Indicators ..................................... 2-6
2-12 IF Processor Front Panel Control Adjustments................................. 2-7
2-13 IF Processor Front Panel Sample.................................................. 2-7
2-14 VHF/UHF Upconverter Front Panel Switch...................................... 2-8
2-15 VHF/UHF Upconverter Front Panel Status Indicators ........................ 2-8
2-16 VHF/UHF Upconverter Front Panel Control Adjustments.................... 2-8
2-17 VHF/UHF Upconverter Front Panel Samples.................................... 2-8
2-18 Controller/Power Supply Front Panel Display .................................. 2-9
2-19 Controller/Power Supply Front Panel Status Indicators ..................... 2-9
2-20 Controller/Power Supply Front Panel Control Adjustments................. 2-9
2-21 Power Amplifier Front Panel Status Indicators................................2-11
2-22 Power Amplifier Front Panel Control Adjustments...........................2-11
2-23 Power Amplifier Front Panel Sample ............................................2-11
2-24 Driver Amplifier Front Panel Status Indicators................................2-13
2-25 Driver Amplifier Front Panel Control Adjustments...........................2-13
2-26 Driver Amplifier Front Panel Sample ............................................2-13
2-27 UHF Television Frequencies .......................................................2-16
2-28 LX Series Chassis Customer Remote Connections...................2-18
2-29 (Optional) Dual Exciter Customer Remote Connections ..........2-20
3-1LX Series Transmitters AC Input and Current Requirements.............. 3-1
3-2LX Series Transmitters AC Input and Current Requirements.............. 3-6
3-3Rear Chassis Connections for LX Series Analog Transmitters ............. 3-8
(Optional) Exciter Switcher Tray Menu Screens ............................................3-11
3-4Exciter Switcher Menu 01 Splash Screen #1 .................................3-11
3-5Menu 02 Splash Screen #2........................................................3-11
3-6Menu 03 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, Automatic Operation.......3-11
3-7Menu 04 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, Manual Operation...........3-11
3-8Menu 05 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, Amps On Line................3-11
3-9Menu 06 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, Cancel Auto Back up.......3-12
3-10 Menu 07 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, B Back up to A...............3-12
3-11 Menu 08 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, back up Changeover.......3-12
3-12 Menu 09 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, Ext Amp Status..............3-12
3-13 Menu 10 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, Ext Amp Status..............3-12
LX System Controller Menu Screens .............................................................3-13
3-14 Menu 01 Splash Screen #1........................................................3-13
3-15 Menu 02 Splash Screen #2........................................................3-13
3-16 Menu 10 Main Screen ..............................................................3-13
3-17 Menu 11 Error List Access Screen...............................................3-14
3-18 Menu 12 Transmitter Device Data Access Screen ..........................3-14
3-19 Menu 13 Transmitter Configuration Access Screen ........................3-14

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents
LX Series, Rev. 3 vi
LIST OF TABLES –(Continued)
TABLE PAGE
3-20 Menu 20 Error List Display Screen..............................................3-14
3-21 Menu 30 Transmitter Device Details Screen .................................3-15
3-22 Menu 30-1 System Details Screens ............................................3-15
3-23 Transmitter Device Parameters Detail Screens .............................3-15
3-24 Menu 40 Authorized Personnel Screen ........................................3-16
3-25 Menu 40-1 Transmitter Set Up: Power Raise/Lower Screen.............3-17
3-26 Menu 40-2 Transmitter Set Up: Model Select Screen .....................3-17
3-27 Menu 40-3 Transmitter Set Up: Receiver Channel Configuration......3-18
3-28 Menu 40-4 Transmitter Set Up: Upconverter Channel Select Screen.3-18
3-29 Menu 40-5 Transmitter Set Up: Serial Address Screen...................3-18
3-30 Menu 40-6 Transmitter Set Up: Station ID Screen..........................3-18
3-31 Menu 40-7 Transmitter Set Up: System Visual Power Cal. Screen......3-19
3-32 Menu 40-8 Transmitter Set Up: System Aural Power Cal. Screen.......3-19
3-33 Menu 40-9 Transmitter Set Up: System Rfltd. Power Cal. Screen ......3-19
3-34 Menu 40-10 Transmitter Set Up: Modulated Output Cal. Screen........3-19
3-35 Menu 40-11 Transmitter Set Up: Aural Deviation Screen .................3-20
3-36 Menu 40-12 Transmitter Set Up: Fwrd Pwr Fault Threshold Screen....3-20
3-37 Menu 40-13 Transmitter Set Up: Refl Power Fault Threshold Screen..3-20
3-38 Menu 40-14 Transmitter Set Up: DLC Control Screen......................3-20
3-39 Menu 40-15 Transmitter Set Up: Auto Standby Control Screen.........3-21
3-40 Menu 40-16 Transmitter Set Up: Receiver ALC Fault Set Up Screen...3-21
3-41 Menu 40-17 Transmitter Set Up: Inner Loop Gain Control Screen......3-21
3-42 Menu 40-18 Transmitter Set Up: Optional System Control Screen .....3-21
3-43 Menu 40-19 Transmitter Set Up: Remote Command Control Screen...3-22
5-1Typical Bandpass Values ...........................................................5-11

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 3 1-1
Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Manual Overview
This manual explains the installation,
setup, alignment, and maintenance
procedures for the Innovator LX Series
UHF analog modular driver/transmitter/
translator. It is important that you read
all of the instructions, especially the
safety information in this chapter, before
you begin to install or operate the unit.
This instruction manual is divided into
five chapters and supporting appendices.
Chapter 1, Introduction, contains
information on the assembly numbering
system used in the manual, safety,
contact information, return procedures,
and warranties. Chapter 2, System
Description, Maintenance & Remote
Control Connections, describes the
driver/transmitter/translator and includes
discussions on system control and status
indicators, maintenance, and remote
control connections. Chapter 3,Site
Considerations, Installation and Setup
Procedures, explains how to unpack,
install, setup, and operate the
driver/transmitter/translator. Chapter
4,Circuit Descriptions,contains circuit
level descriptions for boards and board
level components in the
driver/transmitter/translator. Chapter
5, Detailed Alignment Procedures,
provides information on adjusting the
system assemblies for optimal operation.
Appendix A contains system
specifications. Appendix B contains
drawings and parts lists. Appendix C
contains a transmitter log sheet.
1.2 Assembly Designators
Axcera has assigned assembly numbers,
Ax designations such as A1, where
x=1,2,3…etc, to all assemblies, modules,
and boards in the system. These
designations are referenced in the text of
this manual and shown on the block
diagrams and interconnect drawings
provided in the appendices. The Block
Diagrams, Interconnects, Schematics,
Assembly Drawings and Parts Lists are
arranged in increasing numerical order in
the appendices. Section titles in the text
for assembly or module descriptions or
alignment procedures contain the
associated part number(s) and the
relevant appendix that contains the
drawings for that item.
The cables that connect between the
boards within a tray or assembly and
that connect between the trays, racks
and cabinets are labeled using Brady
markers.
Figure 1-1 is an example of a Brady
marked cable. There may be as few as
two or as many as four Markers on any
one cable. These Brady markers are
read starting furthest from the
connector. If there are four Brady
Markers, this marker is the transmitter
number such as transmitter 1 or
transmitter 2. The next or the furthest
Brady Marker is the rack or cabinet
number on an interconnect cable or the
board number within a tray. The next
number on an interconnect cable is the
Tray location or number. The Brady
marker closest to the connector is the
jack or connector number on an
interconnect cable or the jack or
connector number on the board within a
tray.
Figure 1-1 Brady Marker Identification Drawing

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 3 1-2
1.3 Safety
The UHF transmitter systems
manufactured by Axcera are designed to
be easy to use and repair while providing
protection from electrical and mechanical
hazards. Please review the following
warnings and familiarize yourself with the
operation and servicing procedures
before working on the transmitter
system.
Read All safety Instructions –All of
the safety instructions should be read
and understood before operating this
equipment.
Retain Manuals –The manuals for the
transmitter should be retained at the
transmitter site for future reference.
Axcera provides two sets of manuals for
this purpose; one set can be left at the
office while one set can be kept at the
site.
Heed all Notes, Warnings, and
Cautions –All of the notes, warnings,
and cautions listed in this safety section
and throughout the manual must be
followed.
Follow Operating Instructions –All of
the operating and use instructions for the
transmitter should be followed.
Cleaning –Unplug or otherwise
disconnect all power from the equipment
before cleaning. Do not use liquid or
aerosol cleaners. Use a damp cloth for
cleaning.
Ventilation –Openings in the cabinet
and module front panels are provided for
ventilation. To ensure the reliable
operation of the driver/transmitter, and
to protect the unit from overheating,
these openings must not be blocked.
Servicing –Do not attempt to service
this product yourself until becoming
familiar with the equipment. If in doubt,
refer all servicing questions to qualified
Axcera service personnel.
Replacement Parts –When
replacement parts are used, be sure that
the parts have the same functional and
performance characteristics as the
original part. Unauthorized substitutions
may result in fire, electric shock, or other
hazards. Please contact the Axcera
Technical Service Department if you have
any questions regarding service or
replacement parts.
1.4 Contact Information
The Axcera Field Service Department can
be contacted by phone at (724) 873-
8100 or by fax at [phone].
Before calling Axcera, please be prepared
to supply the Axcera technician with
answers to the following questions. This
will save time and help ensure the most
direct resolution to the problem.
1. What are the Customers’ Name
and call letters?
2. What are the model number and
type of transmitter?
3. Is the transmitter digital or
analog?
4. How long has the transmitter
been on the air? (Approximately
when was the transmitter
installed.)
5. What are the symptoms being
exhibited by the transmitter?
Include the current control/power
supply LCD readings and the
status of LEDs on the front
panels of the modules. If
possible, include the
control/power supply LCD
readings before the problem
occurred.
1.5 Return Material Procedure
To insure the efficient handling of
equipment or components that have been
returned for repair, Axcera requests that
each returned item be accompanied by a
Return Material Authorization Number
(RMA#).

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 3 1-3
The RMA# can be obtained from any
Axcera Field Service Engineer by
contacting the Axcera Field Service
Department at [phone] or by fax
at [phone]. This procedure
applies to all items sent to the Field
Service Department regardless of
whether the item was originally
manufactured by Axcera.
When equipment is sent to the field on
loan, an RMA# is included with the unit.
The RMA# is intended to be used when
the unit is returned to Axcera. In
addition, all shipping material should be
retained for the return of the unit to
Axcera.
Replacement assemblies are also sent
with an RMA# to allow for the proper
routing of the exchanged hardware.
Failure to close out this type of RMA# will
normally result in the customer being
invoiced for the value of the loaner item
or the exchanged assembly.
When shipping an item to Axcera, please
include the RMA# on the packing list and
on the shipping container. The packing
slip should also include contact
information and a brief description of why
the unit is being returned.
Please forward all RMA items to:
AXCERA, LLC
103 Freedom Drive
P.O. Box 525
Lawrence, PA 15055-0525 USA
For more information concerning this
procedure, call the Axcera Field Service
Department @ [phone].
Axcera can also be contacted through e-
mail at [email protected] and on the
Web at www.axcera.com.
1.6 Limited One Year Warranty for
Axcera Products
Axcera warrants each new product that
it has manufactured and sold against
defects in material and workmanship
under normal use and service for a
period of one (1) year from the date of
shipment from Axcera's plant, when
operated in accordance with Axcera's
operating instructions. This warranty
shall not apply to tubes, fuses,
batteries, bulbs or LEDs.
Warranties are valid only when and if
(a) Axcera receives prompt written
notice of breach within the period of
warranty, (b) the defective product is
properly packed and returned by the
buyer (transportation and insurance
prepaid), and (c) Axcera determines, in
its sole judgment, that the product is
defective and not subject to any misuse,
neglect, improper installation,
negligence, accident, or (unless
authorized in writing by Axcera) repair
or alteration. Axcera's exclusive liability
for any personal and/or property
damage (including direct, consequential,
or incidental) caused by the breach of
any or all warranties, shall be limited to
the following: (a) repairing or replacing
(in Axcera's sole discretion) any
defective parts free of charge (F.O.B.
Axcera’s plant) and/or (b) crediting (in
Axcera's sole discretion) all or a portion
of the purchase price to the buyer.
Equipment furnished by Axcera, but not
bearing its trade name, shall bear no
warranties other than the special hours-
of-use or other warranties extended by
or enforceable against the manufacturer
at the time of delivery to the buyer.
NO WARRANTIES, WHETHER
STATUTORY, EXPRESSED, OR
IMPLIED, AND NO WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR
ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR
FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT,
OR THE LIKE, OTHER THAN AS
SPECIFIED IN PATENT LIABILITY
ARTICLES, AND IN THIS ARTICLE,
SHALL APPLY TO THE EQUIPMENT
FURNISHED HEREUNDER.

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 3 1-4
FWARNING!!!
×HIGH VOLTAGE Ø
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REPAIR OR TROUBLESHOOT THIS EQUIPMENT UNLESS
YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH ITS OPERATION AND EXPERIENCED IN
SERVICING HIGH VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT. LETHAL VOLTAGES ARE PRESENT
WHEN POWER IS APPLIED TO THIS SYSTEM. IF POSSIBLE, TURN OFF
POWER BEFORE MAKING ADJUSTMENTS TO THE SYSTEM.
«RADIO FREQUENCY RADIATION HAZARD«
MICROWAVE, RF AMPLIFIERS AND TUBES GENERATE HAZARDOUS RF
RADIATION THAT CAN CAUSE SEVERE INJURY INCLUDING CATARACTS,
WHICH CAN RESULT IN BLINDNESS. SOME CARDIAC PACEMAKERS MAY BE
AFFECTED BY THE RF ENERGY EMITTED BY RF AND MICROWAVE
AMPLIFIERS. NEVER OPERATE THE TRANSMITTER SYSTEM WITHOUT A
PROPERLY MATCHED RF ENERGY ABSORBING LOAD ATTACHED. KEEP
PERSONNEL AWAY FROM OPEN WAVEGUIDES AND ANTENNAS. NEVER
LOOK INTO AN OPEN WAVEGUIDE OR ANTENNA. MONITOR ALL PARTS OF
THE RF SYSTEM FOR RADIATION LEAKAGE AT REGULAR INTERVALS.

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 3 1-5
EMERGENCY FIRST AID INSTRUCTIONS
Personnel engaged in the installation, operation, or maintenance of this equipment are urged to become
familiar with the following rules both in theory and practice. It is the duty of all operating personnel to be
prepared to give adequate Emergency First Aid and thereby prevent avoidable loss of life.
RESCUE BREATHING
1. Find out if the person is
breathing.
You must find out if the person
has stopped breathing. If you
think he is not breathing, place
him flat on his back. Put your ear
close to his mouth and look at his
chest. If he is breathing you can
feel the air on your cheek. You
can see his chest move up and
down. If you do not feel the air
or see the chest move, he is not
breathing.
2. If he is not breathing, open
the airway by tilting his head
backwards.
Lift up his neck with one hand
and push down on his forehead
with the other. This opens the
airway. Sometimes doing this will
let the person breathe again by
himself.
3. If he is still not breathing,
begin rescue breathing.
-Keep his head tilted backward.
Pinch nose shut.
-Put your mouth tightly over his
mouth.
-Blow into his mouth once every
five seconds
-DO NOT STOP rescue breathing
until help arrives.
LOOSEN CLOTHING -KEEP
WARM
Do this when the victim is
breathing by himself or help is
available. Keep him as quiet as
possible and from becoming
chilled. Otherwise treat him for
shock.
BURNS
SKIN REDDENED: Apply ice cold water to burned
area to prevent burn from going deeper into skin
tissue. Cover area with a clean sheet or cloth to
keep away air. Consult a physician.
SKIN BLISTERED OR FLESH CHARRED: Apply
ice cold water to burned area to prevent burn from
going deeper into skin tissue.
Cover area with clean sheet or cloth to keep away
air. Treat victim for shock and take to hospital.
EXTENSIVE BURN -SKIN BROKEN: Cover area
with clean sheet or cloth to keep away air. Treat
victim for shock and take to hospital.

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 3 1-6
Note: Because of possible FCC assigned offset, check for the assigned
Carrier Frequency as written on License.
UHF Frequency Assignments
Channel
Number Bandwidth (MHz) Video (MHz) Color (MHz) Audio (MHz)
14 470-476 471.25 474.83 475.75
15 476-482 477.25 480.83 481.75
16 482-488 483.25 486.83 487.75
17 488-494 489.25 492.83 493.75
18 494-500 495.25 498.83 499.75
19 500-506 501.25 504.83 505.75
20 506-512 507.25 510.83 511.75
21 512-518 513.25 516.83 517.75
22 518-524 519.25 522.83 523.75
23 524-530 525.25 528.83 529.75
24 530-536 531.25 534.83 535.75
25 536-542 537.25 540.83 541.75
26 542-548 543.25 546.83 547.75
27 548-554 549.25 552.83 553.75
28 554-560 555.25 558.83 559.75
29 560-566 561.25 564.83 565.75
30 566-572 567.25 570.83 571.75
31 572-578 573.25 576.83 577.75
32 578-584 579.25 582.83 583.75
33 584-590 585.25 588.83 589.75
34 590-596 591.25 594.83 595.75
35 596-602 597.25 600.83 601.75
36 602-608 603.25 606.83 607.75
37 608-614 609.25 612.83 613.75
38 614-620 615.25 618.83 619.75
39 620-626 621.25 624.83 625.75
40 626-632 627.25 630.83 631.75
41 632-638 633.25 636.83 637.75
42 638-644 639.25 642.83 643.75
43 644-650 645.25 648.83 649.75

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 3 1-7
Note: Because of possible FCC assigned offset, check for the assigned
Carrier Frequency as written on License.
UHF Frequency Assignments
Channel
Number Bandwidth (MHz) Video (MHz) Color (MHz) Audio (MHz)
44 650-656 651.25 654.83 655.75
45 656-662 657.25 660.83 661.75
46 662-668 663.25 666.83 667.75
47 668-674 669.25 672.83 673.75
48 674-680 675.25 678.83 679.75
49 680-686 681.25 684.83 685.75
50 686-692 687.25 690.83 691.75
51 692-698 693.25 696.83 697.75
52 698-704 699.25 702.83 703.75
53 704-710 705.25 708.83 709.75
54 710-716 711.25 714.83 715.75
55 716-722 717.25 720.83 721.75
56 722-728 723.25 726.83 727.75
57 728-734 729.25 732.83 733.75
58 734-740 735.25 738.83 739.75
59 740-746 741.25 744.83 745.75
60 746-752 747.25 750.83 751.75
61 752-758 753.25 756.83 757.75
62 758-764 759.25 762.83 763.75
63 764-770 765.25 768.83 769.75
64 770-776 771.25 774.83 775.75
65 776-782 777.25 780.83 781.75
66 782-788 783.25 786.83 787.75
67 788-794 789.25 792.83 793.75
68 794-800 795.25 798.83 799.75
69 800-806 801.25 804.83 805.75
70 806-812 807.25 810.83 811.75

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 3 1-8
dBm, dBw, dBmV, dBµV, & VOLTAGE
EXPRESSED IN WATTS
50 Ohm System
WATTS PREFIX dBm dBw dBmV dBµVVOLTAGE
1,000,000,000,000 1 TERAWATT +150 +120
100,000,000,000 100 GIGAWATTS +140 +110
10,000,000,000 10 GIGAWATTS +130 +100
1,000,000,000 1 GIGAWATT +120 + 99
100,000,000 100 MEGAWATTS +110 + 80
10,000,000 10 MEGAWATTS +100 + 70
1,000,000 1 MEGAWATT + 90 + 60
100,000 100 KILOWATTS + 80 + 50
10,000 10 KILOWATTS + 70 + 40
1,000 1 KILOWATT + 60 + 30
100 1 HECTROWATT + 50 + 20
50 + 47 + 17
20 + 43 + 13
10 1 DECAWATT + 40 + 10
1 1 WATT + 30 0+ 77 +137 7.07V
0.1 1 DECIWATT + 20 -10 + 67 +127 2.24V
0.01 1 CENTIWATT + 10 -20 + 57 +117 0.707V
0.001 1 MILLIWATT 0-30 + 47 +107 224mV
0.0001 100 MICROWATTS -10 -40
0.00001 10 MICROWATTS -20 -50
0.000001 1 MICROWATT -30 -60
0.0000001100 NANOWATTS -40 -70
0.00000001 10 NANOWATTS -50 -80
0.000000001 1 NANOWATT -60 -90
0.0000000001 100 PICOWATTS -70 -100
0.00000000001 10 PICOWATTS -80 -110
0.000000000001 1 PICOWATT -90 -120
TEMPERATURE CONVERSION
°F = 32 + [(9/5) °C]
°C = [(5/9) (°F -32)]

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 3 1-9
USEFUL CONVERSION FACTORS
TO CONVERT FROM TO MULTIPLY BY
mile (US statute) kilometer (km) 1.609347
inch (in) millimeter (mm) 25.4
inch (in) centimeter (cm) 2.54
inch (in) meter (m) 0.0254
foot (ft) meter (m) 0.3048
yard (yd) meter (m) 0.9144
mile per hour (mph) kilometer per hour(km/hr) 1.60934
mile per hour (mph) meter per second (m/s) 0.44704
pound (lb) kilogram (kg) 0.4535924
gallon (gal) liter 3.7854118
U.S. liquid
(One U.S. gallon equals 0.8327 Canadian gallon)
fluid ounce (fl oz) milliliters (ml) 29.57353
British Thermal Unit watt (W) 0.2930711
per hour (Btu/hr)
horsepower (hp) watt (W) 746
NOMENCLATURE OF FREQUENCY BANDS
FREQUENCY RANGE DESIGNATION
3 to 30 kHz VLF -Very Low Frequency
30 to 300 kHz LF -Low Frequency
300 to 3000 kHz MF -Medium Frequency
3 to 30 MHz HF -High Frequency
30 to 300 MHz VHF -Very High Frequency
300 to 3000 MHz UHF -Ultrahigh Frequency
3 to 30 GHz SHF -Superhigh Frequency
30 to 300 GHz EHF -Extremely High Frequency
LETTER DESIGNATIONS FOR UPPER FREQUENCY
BANDS
LETTER FREQ. BAND
L 1000 -2000 MHz
S 2000 -4000 MHz
C 4000 -8000 MHz
X 8000 -12000 MHz
Ku 12 -18 GHz
K 18 -27 GHz
Ka 27 -40 GHz
V 40 -75 GHz
W 75 -110 GHz

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 3 1-10
ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS
AC Alternating Current
AFC Automatic Frequency Control
ALC Automatic Level Control
AM Amplitude modulation
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AWG American wire gauge
BER Bit Error Rate
BW Bandwidth
DC Direct Current
D/A Digital to analog
dB Decibel
dBm Decibel referenced to 1 milliwatt
dBmV Decibel referenced to 1 millivolt
dBw Decibel referenced to 1 watt
FEC Forward Error Correction
FM Frequency modulation
Hz Hertz
ICPM Incidental Carrier Phase Modulation
I/P Input
IF Intermediate Frequency
LED Light emitting diode
LSB Lower Sideband
MPEG Motion Pictures Expert Group
O/P Output
PLL Phase Locked Loop
PCB Printed circuit board
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 3 1-11
RETURN LOSS VS. VSWR
1.001 1.01 1.1 2.0
VSWR
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
R
E
T
U
R
N
L
O
S
S
dB

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/ Chapter 2, System Description,
Translator Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
LX Series, Rev. 3 2-1
Chapter 2
System Description, Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
System Overview
The analog transmitters in the Innovator
LX Series are complete 10W to 100W
UHF Analog internally diplexed modular
television transmitters that operate at a
nominal visual output power of 10 to 100
watts peak sync and an average aural
output power of 1 to 10 watts, at an A/V
ratio of 10 dB, 10% sound, or .5 to 5
watts at 13 dB, 5% sound.
The LX Series can also be used as a
driver for external power amplifiers. The
output power of the driver is determined
by the level needed to attain the full
output power of the transmitter. The
driver’s maximum output is 7 Watts peak
of sync.
The Analog LX Series driver/transmitter/
translator is made up of the modules and
assemblies as listed in Table 2-1.
Figure 2-1:Exciter/Driver Front View
Table 2-1: LX Series Trays and Assemblies
ASSEMBLY DESIGNATOR TRAY/ASSEMBLY NAME PART NUMBER
Exciter Amplifier Chassis
Assembly, V2, LX Series 1304052 (110 VAC) OR 1304053 (220 VAC)
A1 Receiver Module (used in a
translator system)
1304000 VHF LB,
1304001 VHF HB or
1304002 UHF
A2 Modulator Module (may not be
present in translator) 1301929
A3 IF Processor Module 1301938
A4 Control/Power Supply Module 1301936 (110 VAC) OR
1303229 (220 VAC)
A5 VHF/UHF Upconverter Module 1303829
A6 Power Amplifier Module, used in 10-100 Watt transmitters & as a
driver in Systems above 2kW 1303770
A2 A3 A5 A4 A6A1

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/ Chapter 2, System Description,
Translator Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
LX Series, Rev. 3 2-2
ASSEMBLY DESIGNATOR TRAY/ASSEMBLY NAME PART NUMBER
OR A6 Driver Amplifier Module, used in
high power transmitters 1303771 (1kW) OR 1303874 (2kW)
A11 Backplane Board, V2, LX Series 1304047
(Optional)
A14(500/1kW) or
A29(5kW)
Exciter Switcher Assembly
(Used in dual exciter systems) 1305727 (110 VAC) OR 1305715 (220 VAC)
2.0 (Optional) Exciter Switcher Tray,
110 VAC (1305727) or 220 VAC
(1305715); Appendix B
The (optional) Single Channel Auto
Switcher is part of the dual exciter
system. The assembly is made up of
(A1) a Single Channel Exciter Switcher
Tray (1305715) with a separate (A2)
coaxial transfer relay, mounted on a
bracket that faces toward the rear of the
cabinet, behind the Switcher Tray. The
tray is factory set. The Exciter Switcher
Tray is designed to monitor the selected
On Air Exciter and automatically switch
to the back up Exciter if the On Air
Exciter should malfunction. The coaxial
relay has the RF outputs from both
Exciters connected to its inputs and,
depending on if the energizing voltage is
applied or not, the selected Exciter RF
Output is connected to the external
amplifiers and the RF output from the
other exciter is connected to a load. The
front panel has a 4 x 20 display
providing a four-line readout of the
operation and control of the exciter
switcher. The LCD screens are detailed
in Chapter 3.
2.1 Exciter Amplifier Chassis
Assembly, 110 VAC (1304052) or
220 VAC (1304053); Appendix B
NOTE: In dual exciter systems there are
two exciter amplifier chassis assemblies.
The chassis assembly is factory set for
operation using 110 VAC or 220 VAC. All
of the modules except the power
amplifier module and the power supply
section of the Control & Monitoring/Power
Supply Module, plug directly into a
backplane board. The backplane board
provides module to module
interconnection as well as interconnection
to remote command and control
connectors. Refer to the block diagram
drawing (1302139), located in Appendix
B, for the exciter amplifier chassis
assembly connections.
2.1.1 (Optional)(A1) Receiver
Module Assembly (VHF LB 1304000,
VHF HB 1304001 or UHF 1304002;
Appendix B)
NOTE: The Receiver module is not
present in a transmitter or digital system.
NOTE: If both the Receiver and
Modulator are present in your system
the Modulated IF output from the
Receiver or Modulator must be selected.
This is accomplished by connecting a low
or removing the low to TB31-Pin 3
located on the rear of the exciter/driver
assembly. By connecting the low, the
Modulator IF output is used by the IF
Processor module. By removing the low,
the IF from the internal or external